Separation and cascade drying all-in-one machine for euphausia superba powder processing and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to a separation and cascade drying all-in-one machine for processing euphausia superba powder, a first barrel is conical, a first spiral blade in the first barrel is also conical integrally, and the starting section is larger than the tail end; the first main shaft and the first spiral blade are hollow and are communicated with each other, steam or heat-conducting oil is introduced between the first main shaft and the first spiral blade for heating, and the heating temperature is 105-120 DEG C; heat is provided for first-step drying, and meanwhile the functions of material pushing and extrusion dewatering are achieved; a mesh cylinder is arranged between the first spiral blade and the first cylinder body and is used for draining separated water; the second barrel body is cylindrical or conical, the initial section is larger than the tail end, and the taper is far smaller than that of the first barrel body; the second main shaft and the second spiral blade are hollow and are communicated with each other, steam or heat-conducting oil is introduced between the second main shaft and the second spiral blade for heating, and the heating temperature is 95-115 DEG C and is lower than that of the first step; and heat is provided for second-step drying, the material pushing function is achieved, and the extrusion dehydration function is not achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a separation and step drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder, belonging to the technical field of Antarctic krill powder processing. Background Art

[0002] Shrimp meal is the most important type of processed product in Antarctic krill shipboard processing. Its processing procedures mainly include cooking, separation, drying, and crushing. Cooking usually uses a cooking machine, and the cooking time is short, which can be completed in about 10 minutes. After cooking, it enters the separation process. The main purpose is to separate the solid and liquid of the krill material after cooking, remove part of the water, and reduce the initial moisture of the material. Commonly used separation equipment mainly includes extrusion dehydration and centrifugal dehydration. Extrusion dehydration generally uses a screw extrusion dehydrator, and centrifugal dehydration generally uses a horizontal screw centrifuge or a tripod centrifuge to achieve solid-liquid separation of the material; drying is the process involving the longest heat treatment time in the processing of Antarctic krill meal. The loss of substances such as water, protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and astaxanthin mainly occurs in the drying stage, which is the most important process affecting the quality of shrimp meal. At present, in the actual production of shrimp meal processing, a horizontal screw centrifuge is usually used for solid-liquid separation after krill cooking to reduce the initial moisture to about 70%, and then a disc drying equipment is used for drying.

[0003] Defects of the prior art:

[0004] First, due to the limited space on board and the relatively compact equipment layout, the use of independent separation equipment and drying equipment will take up more space, thus affecting production capacity to a certain extent;

[0005] Second, the existing technology uses a disc drying device. During the drying process, the disc does not have the function of scraping and conveying. It is necessary to weld multiple scraping hoppers for scraping and conveying. The gap between the cylinder wall and the scraping hopper is relatively large, which easily causes problems such as pile-up and uneven drying.

[0006] Third, the separation and drying of the prior art are completed by two devices, and the drying is carried out in one stage. During the whole drying process, the drying temperature is kept constant (maintained at a higher temperature, such as 110°C). In the early stage of drying, due to the high moisture content of the material, the material temperature is relatively low. In the middle and late stages of drying, as the moisture content decreases, the material temperature increases. Excessively high material temperature will cause oxidative decomposition of heat-sensitive active substances such as astaxanthin, affecting the quality of the product. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-in-one separation and step drying machine for processing Antarctic krill powder, in which the separation and drying stages are connected as one, wherein the separation process is simultaneously dried (heated), and the first stage and the second stage use different drying temperatures, thereby reducing the drying temperature of the second stage and reducing the problem of oxidative decomposition of heat-sensitive active substances such as astaxanthin due to excessively high material temperature, thereby affecting product quality.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder, comprising a separation and first cascade drying section and a second cascade drying section connected in series; the separation and first cascade drying section comprises a first cylinder, a first main shaft 2, a first spiral blade 3, and a mesh cylinder 4; the first cylinder is conical, and the first spiral blade 3 inside it is also conical as a whole, with the starting section larger than the tail end; the outside thereof is provided with a first thermal insulation layer 5; the first main shaft 2 and the first spiral blade 3 are hollow and interconnected, and steam or heat transfer oil is introduced in the middle for heating, and the heating temperature is 105-120°C; heat is provided for the first cascade drying, and the mesh cylinder 4 has the functions of pushing and extruding dehydration; the mesh cylinder 4 is arranged between the first spiral blade 3 and the first cylinder, and the mesh diameter is 1-1.5mm; a first heat preservation layer 5 is arranged above the separation and first cascade drying section. A dehumidification port 1 and a first feed port 6, with a first drain port 8 and a first discharge port below; the second step drying section includes a second cylinder, a second main shaft, and a second spiral blade; the second cylinder is cylindrical, or the starting section is larger than the tail end and the taper is much smaller than the taper of the first cylinder; the second cylinder is located below the first cylinder, and the side wall of the starting section is connected to the first discharge port through the second feed port 15; the second cylinder has a second thermal insulation layer 12 on the outside; the second main shaft and the second spiral blade are hollow and interconnected, and steam or heat transfer oil is introduced in the middle for heating, and the heating temperature is 95-115°C and is lower than the heating temperature of the first step; it provides heat for the second step drying, has a pushing function, and does not have an extrusion dehydration function; a second dehumidification port 9 is provided above the second step drying section, and a discharge port 11 is provided below.

[0010] Preferably, the distance between adjacent blades of the first spiral blade 3 is 5-8 cm, the compression ratio is 5-6, and the aspect ratio is 30-40.

[0011] Preferably, the distance between the mesh tube 4 and the inner wall of the first tube is 8-10 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between adjacent blades of the second main axis is 5-8 cm, the compression ratio is 3-4, and the aspect ratio is 30-40.

[0013] Furthermore, the first spindle 2 is driven by a first motor 7 , and the second spindle is driven by a second motor 13 .

[0014] A working method of a separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder as described in any of the above items, wherein the Antarctic krill material containing 78%-80% initial moisture after cooking is transported to the feed port 6 via a screw pump, the heat source device is turned on, the dehumidification system is turned on, the material is extruded by a twin-screw and heated by a main shaft in the cavity of the first cylinder, and the liquid material extruded at a heating temperature of 110-115°C is discharged from the mesh holes of the mesh cylinder 4 into the middle layer cavity, the evaporated moisture is extracted from the first dehumidification port 1, and the material after extrusion dehydration and first-stage drying is discharged from the first discharge port, and the moisture content of the material is controlled at 50%-60%; the material is transferred from the first discharge port to the second feed port 15, the heat source device is turned on, the dehumidification system is turned on, the material is dried under the double-layer heating of the second main shaft and the second cylinder, the evaporated moisture is extracted from the device from the second dehumidification port 9, and the material after secondary drying is discharged from the second discharge port, and the moisture content of the material is controlled at 8%-12%.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] First, due to the limited space on board, using independent separation equipment and drying equipment will take up more space. The separation and drying integrated machine of the present invention can remove part of the water by extrusion of the screw while drying, and realize the functions of solid-liquid separation and drying at the same time, which can save more space, save energy, and improve the production capacity of the processing production line;

[0017] Second, the prior art uses a disc drying device, but the disc does not have the function of scraping and conveying during the drying process, and multiple scraping hoppers need to be welded for scraping and conveying. The gap between the cylinder wall and the scraping hopper is relatively large, which can easily cause problems such as pile-up and uneven drying. The separation and drying integrated machine of the present invention adopts a double helix structure, which can simultaneously play the role of conveying and stirring. The gap between the spiral and the cylinder wall is small, which can reduce material accumulation, make the drying efficiency higher and more uniform, and is suitable for the drying of Antarctic krill;

[0018] Third, the existing drying adopts a one-stage drying equipment. During the entire drying process, the drying temperature remains basically constant. In the middle and late stages of drying, as the moisture content decreases, the material temperature will also increase. Excessively high material temperature will cause oxidative decomposition of heat-sensitive active substances such as astaxanthin. The stepped drying equipment of the present invention sets the drying temperature gradient based on the moisture content and material temperature. A higher drying temperature is set in the early stage of drying when the moisture content is relatively high, and a lower drying temperature is set in the middle and late stages of drying, thereby minimizing the loss of active substances and ensuring the quality of shrimp powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the separation and step drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill meal of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the first main axis.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the second main axis.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a mesh tube.

[0023] In the figure, 1. the first dehumidification port, 2. the first main shaft, 3. the first spiral blade, 4. the mesh cylinder, 5. the first insulation layer, 6. the first feed port, 7. the first motor, 8. the first drain port, 9. the second dehumidification port, 10. the frame, 11. the second discharge port, 12. the second insulation layer, 13. the second motor, 14. the heating sleeve, 15. the second feed port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] See also Figure 1 The separation and cascade drying machine for Antarctic krill powder processing is divided into two stages:

[0026] The first paragraph structure:

[0027] The first main shaft 2: double helix structure, the shaft is hollow, steam or heat transfer oil is passed through the middle of the shaft as a heat source to provide heat for drying, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0028] First spiral blade 3: Double spiral blades are welded on the first main shaft 2. The blades are hollow and heated by steam or heat transfer oil in the middle. The heating temperature is 110-115℃. It provides heat for primary drying and has the functions of pushing and extruding dehydration. The distance between adjacent blades is 5-8cm, the compression ratio is 5-6, and the aspect ratio is 30-40. The first spiral blade 3 is conical, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0029] Jacket: The sleeve is composed of three layers, the inner layer is a mesh structure (mesh tube 4), the mesh diameter is 1-1.5mm, such as Figure 4 As shown. It is conducive to the discharge of squeezed and separated water, and the discharged water enters the middle layer (the gap between the mesh tube and the first cylinder). The width of the middle layer is 8-10cm. The first dehumidification port 1 is provided above the middle layer to discharge the evaporated water in time, and the first drainage port 8 is provided below to discharge the liquid after squeezed and separated; the outer layer is the first insulation layer 5 to reduce heat loss. The jacket is also conical, as shown Figure 1 shown.

[0030] The second paragraph structure:

[0031] Second main shaft: double helix structure, hollow shaft, steam or heat transfer oil can be passed through the middle of the shaft for heating, heating temperature 100-110℃, providing heat for secondary drying, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0032] Second spiral blade: double spiral structure, the blade is hollow structure, steam or heat transfer oil is passed in the middle for heating, providing heat for drying, with pushing function, no extrusion dehydration function, the distance between adjacent blades is 5-8cm, the compression ratio is 3-4, and the aspect ratio is 30-40.

[0033] Shaft sleeve: The shaft sleeve consists of two layers, the inner layer is a sealed hollow structure, which is heated by steam or heat-conducting oil to provide heat for drying; a second dehumidification port 9 is provided on the top to discharge evaporated water in time, and the outer layer is a second thermal insulation layer 12 to reduce heat loss.

[0034] How to run:

[0035] S1. The cooked Antarctic krill material (initial moisture content 78%-80%) is transported to the first feed port via a screw pump, the equipment is turned on, the heat source is introduced, the dehumidification system is turned on, the material is extruded by a twin-screw and heated by a main shaft in the cavity, the liquid material extruded at a heating temperature of 110-115° C. is discharged from the mesh into the middle layer cavity, the evaporated moisture is extracted from the equipment from the first dehumidification port, and the material that has been extruded, dehydrated and dried at the first stage is discharged from the first discharge port, and the moisture content of the material is controlled at 50%-60%.

[0036] S2. The material is transferred from the first discharge port to the second feed port, the equipment is turned on, the heat source is introduced, and the dehumidification system is turned on. The material is dried under the double heating of the main shaft and the jacket. The evaporated moisture is extracted from the equipment from the second dehumidification port, and the material after secondary drying is discharged from the second discharge port. The moisture content of the material is controlled at 8%-12%.

[0037] In summary, this embodiment specifically introduces a separation and cascade drying integrated machine for Antarctic krill meal processing. The machine is designed as a two-stage series structure, the first stage integrates separation and first-stage drying, and the second stage is second-stage drying.

[0038] The separation and drying integrated machine of the present invention can remove a part of the moisture by extrusion of the screw during drying, and realize the functions of solid-liquid separation and drying at the same time, which can save more space, save energy and improve the production capacity of the processing production line; the separation and drying integrated machine of the present invention adopts a double helix structure, which can play the role of conveying and stirring at the same time, and the gap between the spiral and the cylinder wall is small, which can reduce the accumulation of materials, make the drying efficiency higher and more uniform, and is suitable for the drying of Antarctic krill; the stepped drying equipment of the present invention sets the drying temperature gradient based on the moisture content and the material temperature, sets a higher drying temperature in the early stage of drying when the moisture content is relatively high, and sets a lower drying temperature in the middle and late stages of drying, so as to minimize the loss of active substances and ensure the quality of shrimp powder.

[0039] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various changes or improvements on this basis. Without departing from the general concept of the present invention, these changes or improvements should fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder, characterized in that: It includes a separation and first-stage drying section and a second-stage drying section connected in series; The separation and first step drying section comprises a first cylinder, a first main shaft (2), a first spiral blade (3), and a mesh cylinder (4); The first cylinder is conical, and the first spiral blade (3) inside it is also conical as a whole, with the starting section larger than the tail end; the outside of it has a first heat-insulating layer (5); the first main shaft (2) and the first spiral blade (3) are hollow and interconnected, and steam or heat-conducting oil is introduced in the middle for heating, and the heating temperature is 105-120°C; it provides heat for the first step drying, and has the functions of pushing and extruding dehydration; the mesh cylinder (4) is arranged between the first spiral blade (3) and the first cylinder, and the mesh diameter is 1-1.5mm; the first dehumidification port (1) and the first feed port (6) are arranged above the separation and first step drying section, and the first drainage port (8) and the first discharge port are arranged below; The second step drying section comprises a second cylinder, a second main shaft, and a second spiral blade; the second cylinder is cylindrical, or has a starting section larger than the ending section and a taper much smaller than that of the first cylinder; The second cylinder is located below the first cylinder, and the side wall of the starting section is connected to the first discharge port through a second feed port (15); the second cylinder has a second heat-insulating layer (12) on the outside; the second main shaft and the second spiral blade are hollow and connected to each other, and steam or heat-conducting oil is introduced in the middle for heating, and the heating temperature is 95-115°C and is lower than the heating temperature of the first stage; it provides heat for the second stage drying, has a pushing function, and does not have an extrusion dehydration function; a second dehumidification port (9) is provided above the second stage drying section, and a discharge port (11) is provided below.

2. The separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent blades of the first spiral blade (3) is 5-8 cm, the compression ratio is 5-6, and the aspect ratio is 30-40.

3. The separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the mesh cylinder (4) and the inner wall of the first cylinder is 8-10 cm.

4. The separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent blades of the second main axis is 5-8 cm, the compression ratio is 3-4, and the aspect ratio is 30-40.

5. The separation and cascade drying integrated machine for processing Antarctic krill powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first main shaft (2) is driven by a first motor (7), and the second main shaft is driven by a second motor (13).

6. A method for operating the integrated separation and step drying machine for processing Antarctic krill meal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Antarctic krill material with an initial moisture content of 78%-80% after cooking is transported to the first feed port (6) via a screw pump, the heat source device is turned on, the dehumidification system is turned on, the material is extruded by a twin screw and heated by a main shaft in the cavity of the first cylinder, the liquid material extruded at a heating temperature of 110-115° C. is discharged from the mesh of the mesh cylinder (4) into the middle layer cavity, the evaporated moisture is extracted from the first dehumidification port (1), and the material that has been dehydrated by extrusion and first-stage drying is discharged from the first discharge port, and the moisture content of the material is controlled at 50%-60%; The material enters the second feed port (15) from the first discharge port, the heat source device is turned on, the dehumidification system is turned on, the material is dried under the double heating of the second main shaft and the jacket, the evaporated moisture is extracted from the device from the second dehumidification port (9), and the material after secondary drying is discharged from the second discharge port. The moisture content of the material is controlled at 8%-12%.

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