Portable spot-welding electrode centering detection device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of centering detection, and provides a portable spot-welding electrode centering performance detection device and method.The portable spot-welding electrode centering performance detection device comprises a first fixing ring and a data collector, a lower electrode is installed on the first fixing ring, a lower layer PCB is installed on the lower electrode, and a lower layer PCB is installed on the data collector; a supporting rod is installed on the lower layer PCB in a sliding mode, an upper layer PCB is arranged above the supporting rod, an upper electrode is installed in the middle of the upper layer PCB, electromagnetic detection Hall sensors are installed on the lower layer PCB and the upper layer PCB, and a data collector is connected with the electromagnetic detection Hall sensors. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the spot welding quality is reduced due to the phenomenon that the upper electrode and the lower electrode are not centered because the spot welding electrode often deviates due to external force such as interference with a workpiece and unreasonable assembly of spot welding parts is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of centering detection, and in particular to a portable spot welding electrode centering detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] Resistance spot welding is a welding process commonly used for connecting metal materials. A weld is formed by pressurizing two pieces of metal and heating them with an electric current. Electrode alignment ensures that the electrodes always maintain the correct contact position during the welding process to ensure welding quality and consistency. The existing spot welding motor alignment detection device still has some defects.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with publication number CN102470477A discloses an electrode inspection device for spot welding. Since the distance from the electrode to the camera via the reflector is constant, the measured value is unlikely to deviate. Moreover, since the reflector can be used to photograph the electrode tip from the front by the camera, the top diameter in at least two directions can be measured at one time by processing the photographic image in the calculation unit. In this way, the diameter of the electrode tip can be accurately measured without reducing the production line operation rate, that is, whether it is circular. The mirror surfaces on both sides of the reflector simultaneously reflect the top of each electrode, and the images of a pair of electrode tips can be taken at the same time, so that the electrode tips can be measured without reducing the production line operation rate. Moreover, since there is no camera between the tops of a pair of electrodes, but only a reflector, the distance between the electrodes of the main body of the inspection device can be shortened, thereby forming an overall compact structure. Although the above-mentioned device can ensure the compactness of the overall structure, during the resistance spot welding process, the spot welding electrodes are often offset due to external forces such as interference with the workpiece and unreasonable assembly of the spot welding parts, resulting in misalignment between the upper and lower electrodes, causing the spot welding quality to decline. It is impossible to accurately adjust the centering detection range, and it is impossible to use the movable support structure to adjust the overall support range of the device during detection, and the adaptability is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a portable spot welding electrode alignment detection device and method, which solves the problem that the spot welding electrode is often offset due to external forces such as interference with the workpiece and unreasonable assembly of spot welding parts, resulting in the phenomenon that the upper and lower electrodes are not aligned, causing the spot welding quality to decline.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device comprises a first fixing ring and a data collector, wherein a lower electrode is mounted on the first fixing ring, a lower PCB board is mounted on the lower electrode, a support rod is slidably mounted on the lower PCB board, an upper PCB board is arranged above the support rod, an upper electrode is mounted in the middle of the upper PCB board, electromagnetic detection Hall sensors are mounted on both the lower PCB board and the upper PCB board, the data collector is connected to the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor, and a connection component is mounted between the upper electrode and the first fixing ring.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a circular groove for the support rod to move is opened on the lower PCB board, a first support plate and a second support plate are fixedly connected to the lower PCB board, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the first support plate, a second connecting plate is fixedly provided on the fixing rod, and the data collector is fixedly connected to the fixing rod.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a fixed block is fixedly connected to the second support plate, a first connecting plate is fixedly provided on the fixed block, the first connecting plate and the upper PCB board are fixedly connected, and marking components are installed on both the second support plate and the first support plate.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the connection assembly includes a connecting plate rotatably mounted on the first fixing ring, a second fixing ring rotatably mounted on the connecting plate, the second fixing ring and the upper electrode are fixedly connected, a spring button is fixedly provided on the second fixing ring, a pressure rod is fixedly connected to one side of the upper electrode, an electric push rod is fixedly provided on the connecting plate, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the pressing plate and the upper electrode are rotatably connected, and the central axis of the upper electrode is colinear with the central axes of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper PCB board, a guide block is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate, the guide blocks are equidistantly arranged in two rows on the second connecting plate, and adjustment components are installed on both the upper PCB board and the lower PCB board, and a locking component is installed on the adjustment component.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a swivel ring rotatably mounted on the upper PCB board, elastic ropes are fixedly connected to the four sides of the swivel ring, the elastic ropes are fixedly connected to both sides of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor, a fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the upper PCB board, a damping shaft is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the damping shaft and the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor are rotatably connected, and through holes are provided on the upper PCB board and the lower PCB board for the left eccentric circular motion of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a lap plate fixedly connected to the rotating ring, a plurality of docking grooves are provided on the upper PCB board, a docking rod is slidably installed on the lap plate, a support spring is installed between the lap plate and the docking rod, and the adjustment assembly and the locking assembly are both identical to the connection structure between the upper PCB board and the lower PCB board.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the marking assembly includes a movable groove and a groove opened on the second support plate, a marking block is slidably installed in the movable groove, a rubber connecting block is fixedly arranged on the marking block, a movable groove and an extension groove are opened on the second support plate, a convex rod is slidably installed in the extension groove, the convex rod and the support rod are fixedly connected, a scale mark is set on the second support plate, a damping block is fixedly arranged in the groove, and the marking assembly has the same connection structure as the first support plate and the second support plate.

[0015] A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Preparation: Replace the electrode caps of the upper electrode and the lower electrode with new ones or use an electrode grinder to grind the electrodes, reduce the influence of the bonding surface state of the upper electrode and the lower electrode on the magnetic field around the electrodes, and adjust the appropriate welding parameters;

[0017] S2: Installing the upper electrode and the lower electrode: installing the upper electrode and the lower electrode on the lower PCB board and the upper PCB board so that the central axes of the upper electrode and the lower electrode are collinear;

[0018] S3: Detection stage: Select appropriate welding parameters to energize the electrode, and use the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor to detect the electrical signal of the magnetic field around the electrode while energizing it. Use the data acquisition device to collect and record each magnetic field electrical signal;

[0019] S4: Data processing: Use the data collector to process the collected data, determine whether the electrode is centered, the direction W and size H of the electrode deviation, and display them on the screen, and issue an alarm if the neutral deviation exceeds the range.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The upper electrode, lower electrode and electromagnetic detection Hall sensor are set to detect the direction of electrode deflection, and numerical and image feedback are formed through calculation and processing, which solves the problem of complex mechanical mechanism design and difficulty in realizing spot welding electrode neutralization detection in the prior art. When in use, the device can center the upper and lower electrodes to ensure welding quality.

[0022] 2. The device is provided with a slidable support rod. When the welding area is large, the support rod can be slid to the first support plate or the second support plate on the device. The support rod maintains the supporting function while also being able to adjust the position of the welding detection, thereby improving the convenience of using the device.

[0023] 3. By setting up the marking component, the function of adjusting the support range and the detection range by using the support structure is realized. When the support rod used to support the upper PCB board and the lower PCB board moves to the position of the second support plate, the scale mark on the second support plate and the marking block pointing to the scale mark are used to accurately adjust the support position of the device, so that the support position of the device can be adjusted according to the needs of welding detection later, thereby enhancing the applicability of the device.

[0024] 4. Through the connection components, adjustment components and snap-on components, the device can accurately adjust the spot welding detection range. By turning the swivel, the elastic rope pulls the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor to make eccentric circular motion on the fixed plate, thereby reducing the detection range of the device. After the adjustment is completed, the docking rod is installed into the docking groove, thereby adjusting and fixing the positions of the four electromagnetic detection Hall sensors at the same time. Subsequently, the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor can be automatically reset through the elastic ropes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor, solving the problem that the existing centering detection device cannot accurately adjust the centering detection range. The connection component on the device can trigger the spring button during the downward movement of the upper electrode, which is convenient for automatically energizing the upper electrode after the centering adjustment, enhancing the practicality of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first fixing ring and the connecting assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the data collector and the fixing rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixing block and the first connecting plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle;

[0034] Fig. 9 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at E in the middle;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the swivel and the lap plate of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second support plate and the fixing block of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at F in the middle.

[0038] Figure numerals: 1, first fixing ring; 2, lower PCB board; 3, electromagnetic detection Hall sensor; 4, support rod; 5, upper PCB board; 6, upper electrode; 7, lower electrode; 8, data acquisition device; 9, first supporting plate; 10, second supporting plate; 11, fixing block; 12, first connecting plate; 13, connecting assembly; 1301, connecting plate; 1302, second fixing ring; 1303, spring button; 1304, pressure rod; 1305, electric push rod; 1306, pressure plate; 14, fixing rod; 15, second connecting plate; 16. Guide block; 17. Adjustment assembly; 1701. Swivel; 1702. Elastic rope; 1703. Fixed plate; 1704. Damping shaft; 18. Through hole; 19. Engagement assembly; 1901. Lap plate; 1902. Docking groove; 1903. Docking rod; 1904. Support spring; 20. Circular groove; 21. Marking assembly; 2101. Marking block; 2102. Moving groove; 2103. Scale mark; 2104. Groove; 2105. Damping block; 2106. Connecting block; 22. Extension groove; 23. Protruding rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment proposes a portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device, including a first fixing ring 1 and a data collector 8, characterized in that: a lower electrode 7 is installed on the first fixing ring 1, a lower PCB board 2 is installed on the lower electrode 7, a support rod 4 is slidably installed on the lower PCB board 2, an upper PCB board 5 is arranged above the support rod 4, an upper electrode 6 is installed in the middle of the upper PCB board 5, an electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 is installed on both the lower PCB board 2 and the upper PCB board 5, the data collector 8 is connected to the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3, and a connection component 13 is installed between the upper electrode 6 and the first fixing ring 1. When in use, replace the electrode caps of the new upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 or use an electrode grinder to grind the electrode, the electrode diameter is 20mm, reduce the influence of the bonding surface state of the upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 on the magnetic field around the electrode, and adjust the appropriate welding parameters. The upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 are installed on the lower PCB board 2 and the upper PCB board 5, so that the central axis of the upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 are collinear. Select appropriate welding parameters to energize the electrode. The welding current is 3KA and the welding time is 20CYC. While energizing, use the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 to detect the electrical signal of the magnetic field size around the electrode. Use the data acquisition device 8 to collect and record each magnetic field electrical signal. The sampling frequency is 10KHz. The sensor D1 orientation is used as the X-axis and the D4 orientation is used as the Y-axis to mark the coordinate system. The four sensor signals of the upper PCB board 5 are recorded as X2+, X2-, Y2+, and Y2-, respectively. The four sensor signals of the lower PCB board 2 are recorded as X1+, X1-, Y1+, and Y1-, respectively.

[0042] The collected data is processed by the data acquisition device 8, which is a single chip microcomputer or a data acquisition card, to determine whether the electrode is centered, the direction W and size H of the electrode deviation, and to display them on the screen, and to alarm if the neutral deviation exceeds the range. The data acquisition module 8 is composed of a signal processing module, an A / D analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a CPU control module, and a data transmission module, and is connected to an industrial computer via an RS232 / RS485 bus.

[0043] Calculate the average value of the sensor signal, denoted as U X1+ , U X1- , U Y1+ , U Y1-, U X2+ , U X2- , U Y2+ , U Y2- .

[0044] According to the relationship between the collected signal value and the magnetic field strength, the magnetic field strength value B is calculated respectively. X1+ , B X1- , B Y1+ , B Y1- , B X2+ , B X2- , B Y2+ , B Y2- .

[0045] According to the relationship between the collected signal value and the magnetic field strength, the magnetic field strength value B is calculated respectively. X1+ , B X1- , B Y1+ , B Y1- , B X2+ , B X2- , B Y2+ , B Y2- .

[0046] B=(μ0*I) / (2*π*r)μ0=4π×10 -7 Tm / A

[0047] According to the above magnetic field strength formula, calculate the distance D from the sensor to the electrode X1+ , D X1- , D Y1+ , D Y1- , D X2+ , D X2- , D Y2+ , D Y2- .

[0048] Sensor signal number X1+ X1- Y1+ Y1- X2+ X2- Y2+ Y2- Collect voltage value U(V) 3.07 3.39 3.10 3.33 3.17 3.22 3.22 3.23 Magnetic field strength value B(mT) 380.9 593.7 399.5 552.5 445.5 477.9 478.0 488.3 Distance from sensor to electrode D(mm) 15.75 10.11 15.02 10.86 13.47 12.55 12.55 12.29

[0049] Calculate the X-axis offset of the electrode Y-axis offset Offset Distance The electrode offset angle is calculated as

[0050] Display the upper electrode offset direction and offset value, and issue an alarm if the offset value exceeds the required range.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, based on the same concept as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment also proposes a portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device.

[0053] In this embodiment, a circular groove 20 for the support rod 4 to move is opened on the lower PCB board 2, a first support plate 9 and a second support plate 10 are fixedly connected to the lower PCB board 2, a fixing rod 14 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9, a second connecting plate 15 is fixedly provided on the fixing rod 14, the data collector 8 is fixedly connected to the fixing rod 14, and the support rod 4 can slide through the circular groove 20, thereby changing the supporting position of the device, so as to adjust the supporting range of the device subsequently.

[0054] In this embodiment, a fixing block 11 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, and a first connecting plate 12 is fixedly arranged on the fixing block 11. The first connecting plate 12 can support the rear side of the device. The first connecting plate 12 and the upper PCB board 5 are fixedly connected. Marking components 21 are installed on the second support plate 10 and the first support plate 9. The marking components 21 on the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10 facilitate precise adjustment of the support range of the device.

[0055] In this embodiment, the connection component 13 includes a connecting plate 1301 rotatably mounted on the first fixing ring 1, a second fixing ring 1302 is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 1301, the second fixing ring 1302 is fixedly connected to the upper electrode 6, a spring button 1303 is fixedly provided on the second fixing ring 1302, a pressure rod 1304 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper electrode 6, an electric push rod 1305 is fixedly provided on the connecting plate 1301, and a pressure plate 1306 is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod 1305. When the electric push rod 1305 is shortened, the upper electrode 6 is pressed down through the pressure plate 1306, so that the pressure rod 1304 presses down the spring button 1303, so that the upper electrode 6 can be automatically energized, thereby enhancing the convenience of the device when used.

[0056] In this embodiment, the pressure plate 1306 and the upper electrode 6 are rotatably connected, and the central axis of the upper electrode 6 is collinear with the central axis of the first fixing ring 1 and the second fixing ring 1302, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the device. The rotatably installed pressure plate 1306 facilitates the subsequent adjustment of the pressure plate 1306 without affecting the pressing effect on the upper electrode 6.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second connecting plate 15 is fixedly connected to the upper PCB board 5, and a guide block 16 is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 15. The guide blocks 16 are equidistantly arranged in two rows on the second connecting plate 15. Adjustment components 17 are installed on both the upper PCB board 5 and the lower PCB board 2, and a snap-fit ​​component 19 is installed on the adjustment component 17. The detection range of the device is changed by the adjustment component 17 on the device, and the snap-fit ​​component 19 can fix the detection range after adjusting the detection range, thereby enhancing the practicability of the device.

[0058] In this embodiment, the adjustment component 17 includes a swivel 1701 rotatably mounted on the upper PCB board 5, and elastic ropes 1702 are fixedly connected to the four sides of the swivel 1701, and the elastic ropes 1702 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3. A fixing plate 1703 is fixedly arranged on the upper PCB board 5, and a damping shaft 1704 is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 1703. The damping shaft 1704 and the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 are rotatably connected. A through hole 18 for the left eccentric circular motion of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 is provided on the upper PCB board 5 and the lower PCB board 2. When the swivel 1701 rotates, the elastic rope 1702 on one side of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 can be pulled to make the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 rotate in the through hole 18. When the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 makes an eccentric circular motion, the detection range of the device can be changed to adapt to different detection needs.

[0059] In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​assembly 19 includes a lap plate 1901 fixedly connected to the rotating ring 1701, a plurality of docking grooves 1902 are provided on the upper PCB board 5, a docking rod 1903 is slidably installed on the lap plate 1901, a support spring 1904 is installed between the lap plate 1901 and the docking rod 1903, the adjustment assembly 17 and the snap-fit ​​assembly 19 are the same as the connection structure between the upper PCB board 5 and the lower PCB board 2, when the rotating ring 1701 and the lap plate 1901 are rotated to a suitable angle, the docking rod 1903 can be stuck into the docking groove 1902 by the support spring 1904, thereby completing the adjustment and fixation of the detection range of the device.

[0060] In this embodiment, the marking component 21 includes a moving groove 2102 and a groove 2104 opened on the second support plate 10, a marking block 2101 is slidably installed in the moving groove 2102, a rubber connecting block 2106 is fixedly arranged on the marking block 2101, a moving groove 2102 and an extension groove 22 are opened on the second support plate 10, a convex rod 23 is slidably installed in the extension groove 22, the convex rod 23 and the support rod 4 are fixedly connected, a scale mark 2103 is arranged on the second support plate 10, a damping block 2105 is fixedly arranged in the groove 2104, the marking component 21 has the same connection structure as the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10, the device can move the support rod 4 to a suitable position of the first support plate 9 or the second support plate 10, so that the two rubber connecting blocks 2106 are sleeved on the position of the support rod 4, and then the support position of the support rod 4 is accurately adjusted by the marking block 2101 and the scale mark 2103, so that the support range of the device can be adjusted according to the size of the detection area later.

[0061] Specifically, the present invention is a portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device and method, first, as Figure 1As shown, replace the electrode caps of the new upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 or use an electrode grinder to grind the electrodes, reduce the influence of the bonding surface state of the upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 on the magnetic field around the electrodes, and adjust the appropriate welding parameters. The upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 are installed on the lower PCB board 2 and the upper PCB board 5 so that the central axis of the upper electrode 6 and the lower electrode 7 are collinear. Select appropriate welding parameters to energize the electrodes, and use the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 to detect the electrical signal of the magnetic field size around the electrodes while energizing, and use the data acquisition device 8 to collect and record each magnetic field electrical signal. Use the data acquisition device 8 to process the collected data, determine whether the electrode is centered, the direction W and size H of the electrode offset, and display them on the screen, and perform alarm processing for neutral deviations that exceed the range.

[0062] like Figure 1-Figure 6 and Figure 10-12 As shown, when the device is in use, the support range of the device is adjusted according to the position to be detected. Since the adjustment component 17 and the locking component 19 are the same as the connection structure between the upper PCB board 5 and the lower PCB board 2, and the marking component 21 is the same as the connection structure between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10, the device can use the extension groove 22 and the circular groove 20 to allow the protruding rod 23 on the support rod 4 to slide between the first support plate 9 and the second connecting plate 15, between the second support plate 10 and the first connecting plate 12, on the lower PCB board 2 and the upper PCB board 5, thereby adjusting the support position of the four support rods 4, moving the support rod 4 to the appropriate position of the first support plate 9 or the second support plate 10, so that the two rubber connecting blocks 2106 are sleeved on the position of the support rod 4, and then the support position of the support rod 4 is accurately adjusted by the marking block 2101 and the scale mark 2103. The support range of the device is adjusted according to the size of the detection area. The damping block 2105 in the groove 2104 can tighten the support rod 4, so that the support rod 4 remains fixed after being adjusted to the appropriate position. During the centering test, the electric push rod 1305 can be shortened and the upper electrode 6 can be pressed down by the pressing plate 1306, so that the pressing rod 1304 presses down the spring button 1303, so that the upper electrode 6 can be automatically energized during the working process. Figure 3-Figure 12 As shown, when the device adjusts the detection range, the docking rod 1903 is pulled upward, so that the support spring 1904 is compressed, and the docking rod 1903 can be moved out of the docking groove 1902, and the lap plate 1901 and the swivel 1701 are rotated to pull the elastic rope 1702 on one side of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3, so that the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 rotates in the through hole 18. When the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 performs eccentric circular motion, the detection range of the device can be changed to adapt to different detection needs. When the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor 3 is adjusted to a suitable position, the docking rod 1903 is inserted into the docking groove 1902 through the support spring 1904, and the adjustment and fixation of the detection range of the device are completed.

[0063] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device, comprising a first fixing ring (1) and a data collector (8), characterized in that: The first fixing ring (1) is provided with a lower electrode (7), a lower PCB board (2) is provided on the lower electrode (7), a support rod (4) is slidably provided on the lower PCB board (2), an upper PCB board (5) is arranged above the support rod (4), an upper electrode (6) is provided in the middle of the upper PCB board (5), electromagnetic detection Hall sensors (3) are provided on both the lower PCB board (2) and the upper PCB board (5), a data acquisition device (8) is connected to the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor (3), and a connection component (13) is provided between the upper electrode (6) and the first fixing ring (1).

2. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower PCB board (2) is provided with a circular groove (20) for the support rod (4) to move; the lower PCB board (2) is fixedly connected to a first support plate (9) and a second support plate (10); the first support plate (9) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (14); the fixing rod (14) is fixedly provided with a second connecting plate (15); and the data collector (8) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (14).

3. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing block (11) is fixedly connected to the second support plate (10), a first connecting plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the fixing block (11), the first connecting plate (12) and the upper PCB board (5) are fixedly connected, and a marking component (21) is installed on both the second support plate (10) and the first support plate (9).

4. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly (13) comprises a connecting plate (1301) rotatably mounted on the first fixing ring (1), a second fixing ring (1302) rotatably mounted on the connecting plate (1301), the second fixing ring (1302) and the upper electrode (6) are fixedly connected, a spring button (1303) is fixedly arranged on the second fixing ring (1302), a pressure rod (1304) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper electrode (6), an electric push rod (1305) is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate (1301), and a pressure plate (1306) is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod (1305).

5. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing plate (1306) is rotationally connected to the upper electrode (6), and the central axis of the upper electrode (6) is collinear with the central axes of the first fixing ring (1) and the second fixing ring (1302).

6. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the upper PCB board (5); a guide block (16) is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate (15); the guide blocks (16) are arranged in two rows at equal distances on the second connecting plate (15); an adjustment component (17) is installed on both the upper PCB board (5) and the lower PCB board (2); and a locking component (19) is installed on the adjustment component (17).

7. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment component (17) comprises a rotating ring (1701) rotatably mounted on the upper PCB board (5), elastic ropes (1702) are fixedly connected to the four sides of the rotating ring (1701), and the elastic ropes (1702) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor (3). A fixing plate (1703) is fixedly arranged on the upper PCB board (5), and a damping shaft (1704) is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate (1703). The damping shaft (1704) is rotatably connected to the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor (3), and a through hole (18) for the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor (3) to move in a left eccentric circular motion is provided on both the upper PCB board (5) and the lower PCB board (2).

8. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​assembly (19) comprises a lap plate (1901) fixedly connected to the rotating ring (1701); a plurality of docking grooves (1902) are provided on the upper PCB board (5); a docking rod (1903) is slidably mounted on the lap plate (1901); a supporting spring (1904) is mounted between the lap plate (1901) and the docking rod (1903); and the adjustment assembly (17) and the snap-fit ​​assembly (19) are both identical in structure to the connection between the upper PCB board (5) and the lower PCB board (2).

9. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The marking assembly (21) comprises a movable groove (2102) and a groove (2104) provided on the second support plate (10); a marking block (2101) is slidably mounted in the movable groove (2102); a rubber connecting block (2106) is fixedly mounted on the marking block (2101); a movable groove (2102) and an extension groove (22) are provided on the second support plate (10); a convex rod (23) is slidably mounted in the extension groove (22); the convex rod (23) and the support rod (4) are fixedly connected; a scale mark (2103) is provided on the second support plate (10); a damping block (2105) is fixedly mounted in the groove (2104); and the marking assembly (21) has the same connection structure as the first support plate (9) and the second support plate (10).

10. A portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection method, using the portable spot welding electrode neutrality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation: Replace the electrode caps of the upper electrode (6) and the lower electrode (7) with new ones or use an electrode grinder to grind the electrodes, reduce the influence of the contact surface state of the upper electrode (6) and the lower electrode (7) on the magnetic field around the electrodes, and adjust appropriate welding parameters; S2: Installing the upper electrode (6) and the lower electrode (7): installing the upper electrode (6) and the lower electrode (7) on the lower PCB board (2) and the upper PCB board (5) so that the central axes of the upper electrode (6) and the lower electrode (7) are collinear; S3: Detection stage: Select appropriate welding parameters to energize the electrode, and use the electromagnetic detection Hall sensor (3) to detect the electric signal of the magnetic field around the electrode while energizing, and use the data acquisition device (8) to collect and record each magnetic field electric signal; S4: Data processing: Use the data acquisition device (8) to process the collected data, determine whether the electrode is centered, the direction W and size H of the electrode deviation, and display them on the screen. If the neutral deviation exceeds the range, an alarm will be issued.

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