Seawater particulate matter separation system based on siphon potential difference driving

Abstract

The invention discloses a siphon potential difference driving-based seawater particle separation system, which comprises a sampling ship and a sampling device, a ship bottom cabin of the sampling ship is provided with a seawater collection box and a seawater distillation desalination device, the seawater distillation desalination device is connected with a water outlet pipe on the side wall of the seawater collection box, and the seawater collection box is connected with the sampling device through a pipeline. One end of the pipeline is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of the sampling device, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe at the top of the seawater collecting box. Sampled and filtered seawater is stored in the seawater collecting box and converted into fresh water through the seawater distillation desalination device, water resources on a ship are supplemented, and the situation that the sampled and filtered seawater flows back to a sea area to dilute the seawater, and the sampling result is affected is avoided. An air cavity and a water cavity located below the air cavity are formed in the floating body, an air pumping and pumping dual-purpose pump is arranged in the air cavity, the floating body controls the water amount in the floating body through the air pumping and pumping dual-purpose pump, and the floating or sinking depth of the floating body is changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a collection device, in particular to a seawater particle separation system driven by siphon potential difference. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics refer to plastics with a particle size of less than 5mm. As an emerging pollutant, it has attracted widespread attention from the international community. Its wide distribution and potential harm to the ecological environment have made it a focus of global scientific research. Marine microplastics were the first to attract the attention of scholars. The occurrence characteristics and pollution levels of marine microplastics are an important basis for global plastic pollution control.

[0003] At present, global marine microplastic monitoring widely uses the surface trawling method to filter the surface seawater in large volumes to collect microplastics in order to objectively reflect the level of microplastic pollution. The pore size of the nets used in the international trawling method is mostly around 330um (the smaller the pore size, the easier it is to cause the net to be blocked on the basis of filtering the seawater in large volumes), and the trawling usually requires the traction of the ship to complete the trawling. This method of collecting microplastic samples has several disadvantages: 1. Large-volume filtration of seawater can objectively reflect the level of marine microplastic pollution, but large-volume filtration is prone to clogging for small-pore nets. Usually, 330um pore nets are used, so that microplastics smaller than 330um cannot be collected, and the collected samples cannot accurately reflect the objective pollution level of microplastics in the environment; 2. With the traction of the ship, sampling often requires the ship to travel a certain distance, and it is impossible to achieve in-situ sampling of microplastics and accurately locate the specific pollution points of microplastics. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive, including a sampling ship and a sampling device, a seawater collecting box and a seawater distillation and desalination device are arranged in the bottom cabin of the sampling ship, the seawater distillation and desalination device is connected to the water outlet pipe on the side wall of the seawater collecting box, the seawater collecting box and the sampling device are connected through a pipeline, one end of the pipeline is connected to the water outlet at the bottom of the sampling device, and the other end is connected to the water inlet pipe at the top of the seawater collecting box, and the horizontal height of the water outlet of the sampling device is higher than the horizontal height of the water inlet pipe of the seawater collecting box.

[0006] Furthermore, the pipeline body extends out of the sea level from the water outlet at the bottom of the sampling device and extends upward over the ship's side, enters the ship and descends to the bottom cabin. A vacuum pump is arranged on the pipeline, and a gate valve is arranged at the connection between the pipeline and the seawater collection box.

[0007] Furthermore, the sampling device comprises a float and a sampling tube, and the float is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the water inlet at the top of the sampling tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the interior of the sampling barrel is arranged in sequence from top to bottom: threaded ribs located on the inner wall of the tapered section of the sampling barrel, a filtering mechanism located in the middle section of the sampling barrel and a flow meter located in the end section of the sampling barrel, the filtering mechanism includes a first mesh screen, a second mesh screen and a third mesh screen arranged from top to bottom, and the aperture size of the first mesh screen is greater than the aperture size of the second mesh screen> the aperture size of the third mesh screen.

[0009] Furthermore, the threaded ribs are arranged to rotate counterclockwise when sampling in the northern hemisphere, and are arranged to rotate clockwise when sampling in the southern hemisphere.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sampling tube is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nozzles arranged in a circular array around the outer wall.

[0011] Furthermore, an air cavity and a water cavity below the air cavity are arranged inside the float through a partition, a pump for pumping and air is arranged in the air cavity, a water storage bag is arranged in the water cavity, one end of the air pipe of the pump for pumping and air is connected to the interlayer space between the water cavity and the water storage bag, and the other end is connected to the air cavity; a water inlet gate and a water drain gate are arranged on the outer wall of the float away from the sampling tube, and both the water inlet gate and the water drain gate are connected to the water storage bag.

[0012] Furthermore, the seawater distillation and desalination device includes a heating device, a cooling pipe connected to the steam outlet of the heating device, and a fresh water tank located at the outlet of the cooling pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, at least three high-pressure nozzles are provided.

[0014] Furthermore, the plurality of floats are distributed in a circular array around the water inlet of the sampling tube, and at least three floats are provided.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The invention provides a seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive. A seawater collecting box and a seawater distillation and desalination device are arranged in the bottom cabin of a sampling ship. The seawater collecting box is connected with the sampling device through a pipeline. The seawater after sampling and filtration is stored in the seawater collecting box and converted into fresh water through the seawater distillation and desalination device, so as to supplement the water resources on board and prevent the seawater after sampling and filtration from flowing back to the sea area to dilute the seawater and affect the sampling result. Threaded ribs are arranged inside the sampling tube. Under the action of the threaded ribs, the seawater adheres to the inner wall of the sampling tube and keeps falling in a spiral shape, so as to form a stable and dense water flow and improve the water flow speed. The sampling device comprises a floating body and a sampling tube. An air cavity and a water cavity below the air cavity are arranged inside the floating body through a partition. A pumping and air dual-purpose pump is arranged in the air cavity. The floating body can control the water volume in the floating body through the pumping and air dual-purpose pump, so as to change the floating or sinking depth of the floating body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seawater particle separation system driven by siphon potential difference.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sampling device structure.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the floating structure.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1, sampling ship, 11, ship side, 12, ship bottom tank;

[0021] 2. Sampling device, 21. Sampling tube, 211. Water inlet, 212. Threaded ribs, 213. Filter mechanism, 2131. First mesh screen, 2132. Second mesh screen, 2133. Third mesh screen, 214. Flow meter, 215. Water outlet, 216. High-pressure nozzle, 22. Floating body, 221. Baffle, 222. Air cavity, 223. Water cavity, 224. Pumping and air dual-purpose air pump, 225. Water inlet gate, 226. Drain gate, 227. Water storage bag;

[0022] 3. Seawater collection box, 31. Water inlet pipe, 32. Water outlet pipe;

[0023] 4. Seawater distillation and desalination device, 41. Heating device, 42. Cooling pipe, 43. Fresh water tank;

[0024] 5. Pipeline, 51. Vacuum pump, 52. Gate valve; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive, comprising a sampling ship 1 and a sampling device 2, wherein a seawater collecting box 3 and a seawater distillation and desalination device 4 are arranged in a bottom cabin 12 of the sampling ship 1, the seawater distillation and desalination device 4 is connected to a water outlet pipe 32 on a side wall of the seawater collecting box 3, the seawater collecting box 3 is connected to the sampling device 2 through a pipeline 5, one end of the pipeline 5 is connected to a water outlet 215 at the bottom of the sampling device 2, and the other end is connected to a water inlet pipe 31 at the top of the seawater collecting box 3, and the horizontal height of the water outlet 215 of the sampling device 2 is higher than the horizontal height of the water inlet pipe 31 of the seawater collecting box 3.

[0027] See also Figure 1A seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive includes a sampling ship 1 and a sampling device 2. A seawater collecting box 3 and a seawater distillation and desalination device 4 are arranged in the bottom cabin 12 of the sampling ship 1. The seawater distillation and desalination device 4 is connected to the water outlet pipe 32 on the side wall of the seawater collecting box 3. The seawater collecting box 3 is connected to the sampling device 2 through a pipe 5. One end of the pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet 215 at the bottom of the sampling device 2, and the other end is connected to the water inlet pipe 32 at the top of the seawater collecting box 3. The water outlet 215 of the sampling device 2 is higher than the water inlet pipe 32 of the seawater collecting box 3. The main body of the pipe 5 extends out of the sea level from the water outlet 215 at the bottom of the sampling device 2 and extends upward over the ship's side 11, enters the ship and descends to the bottom cabin 12. A vacuum pump 51 is arranged on the pipe 5, and a gate valve 52 is arranged at the connection between the pipe 5 and the seawater collecting box 3. The seawater distillation and desalination device 4 includes a heating device 41, a cooling pipe 42 connected to the steam outlet of the heating device 41, and a fresh water tank 43 located at the outlet of the cooling pipe 42.

[0028] See also Figure 2 The sampling device 2 includes a float 22 and a sampling tube 21. The float 22 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water inlet 211 at the top of the sampling tube 21. The interior of the sampling tube 21 is provided with the following components from top to bottom: a threaded rib 212 located on the inner wall of the tapered section of the sampling tube 21, a filter mechanism 213 located in the middle section of the sampling tube 21, and a flow meter 214 located at the end section of the sampling tube 21. The filter mechanism 213 includes a first mesh 2131, a second mesh 2132, and a third mesh 2133 arranged from top to bottom. The aperture of the first mesh 2131 is greater than the aperture of the second mesh 2132, and greater than the aperture of the third mesh 2133. The outer wall of the sampling tube 21 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 216 arranged in a circular array around the outer wall.

[0029] Preferably, when the device of the present invention is used in the northern hemisphere, the threaded rib 212 is set to rotate counterclockwise, and when the device of the present invention is used in the southern hemisphere, the threaded rib 212 is set to rotate clockwise.

[0030] In one embodiment, the pore size of the first mesh 2131 is 330 nm, the pore size of the second mesh 2132 is 200 nm, and the pore size of the third mesh 2133 is 100 nm.

[0031] Preferably, the mesh screen of the filtering mechanism 213 is a detachable mesh screen, and mesh screens of different apertures can be replaced according to sampling requirements. The mesh screen is made of metal or silk. More than three sets of mesh screens can be assembled according to requirements. After sampling, the mesh screen can be removed to collect intercepted samples for subsequent laboratory analysis.

[0032] See also Figure 3An air cavity 222 and a water cavity 223 located below the air cavity 222 are arranged inside the float 22 through a partition 221, a pumping and air dual-purpose pump 224 is arranged in the air cavity 222, and a water storage bag 227 is arranged in the water cavity 223. One end of the air pipe of the pumping and air dual-purpose pump 224 is connected to the interlayer space between the water cavity 223 and the water storage bag 227, and the other end is connected to the air cavity 222; a water inlet gate 225 and a water drain gate 226 are arranged on the outer wall of the float 22 away from the sampling tube 21, and the water inlet gate 225 and the water drain gate 226 are both connected to the water storage bag 227.

[0033] Preferably, at least three high-pressure nozzles 216 are provided.

[0034] Preferably, a plurality of floats 22 are distributed in a circular array around the water inlet 211 of the sampling tube 21 , and at least three floats 22 are provided.

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention is as follows: before sampling, the gate valve 52 is in a closed state, the vacuum pump 51 is started, the air in the pipe 5 is extracted, the pipe 5 is filled with seawater, and then the vacuum pump 51 is closed and the gate valve 52 is opened, and the seawater flows into the seawater collection box 3. Because the level of the water outlet 211 of the sampling device 2 is higher than the level of the water inlet pipe 31 of the seawater collection box 3, under the action of siphon, the seawater continues to flow into the seawater collection box 3 with low energy consumption; the seawater collection box 3 can directly observe the volume of filtered seawater, and the collected seawater is converted into fresh water under the treatment of the seawater distillation and desalination device 4 to supplement the water resources on board; the filtered seawater flows into the seawater collection box 3, and it is also prevented from flowing back to the original sea area to dilute the seawater and affect the sampling results.

[0036] Preferably, the float 22 is a submarine-type float, which can enable the seawater particle separation system driven by siphon potential difference to reach water layers of different depths under its own water intake and drainage, thereby realizing the collection of microplastic samples in seawater of different depths.

[0037] When no water enters the water storage bag 227, the float 22 floats on the sea surface; the pumping and air dual-purpose pump 224 is started to pump gas from the water cavity 223 into the air cavity 222, and the water inlet gate 225 is opened at the same time, and water enters the water storage bag 227, so that the total weight of the float 22 increases and the float 22 sinks; when the float 22 reaches the ideal water depth, the water inlet gate 225 is closed, and the pumping and air dual-purpose pump 224 is started to work in reverse to pump gas from the air cavity 222 into the water cavity 223, and the drain gate 226 is opened at the same time to discharge part of the water so that the sampling device 2 is stably suspended in the water.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0040] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive, comprising: A pipeline, wherein the pipeline connects the seawater collection box and the sampling device, the pipeline body extends from the water outlet at the bottom of the sampling device to the sea level and extends upward over the ship's side, enters the ship and descends to the bottom cabin to connect to the seawater collection box, and a vacuum pump is provided on the pipeline; A seawater collection box, which is arranged in the sampling ship and connected to a seawater distillation and desalination device; The sampling device is arranged at sea, and the seawater collection box is lower than the sampling device. The sampling device includes a displacement device and a sampling tube. The sampling device can adjust the position in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A guide bar is arranged in the sampling tube. The guide bar is arranged to rotate counterclockwise when sampling in the northern hemisphere, and is arranged to rotate clockwise when sampling in the southern hemisphere.

2. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide strip includes threaded ribs.

3. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The seawater distillation and desalination device comprises a heating device, a cooling pipe and a fresh water tank which are connected in sequence. The heating device is used to heat the collected seawater, the cooling pipe is used to cool the heated water, and the fresh water tank is used to collect cooling water to supplement the water resources on board.

4. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement device is arranged on the side wall of the sampling tube, and comprises a float and a high-pressure nozzle.

5. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The float is distributed in a circular array around the water inlet of the sampling tube, and an air cavity, a water cavity and a pump for pumping air are provided in the float. The water cavity includes a water storage bag and an interlayer space, and the pump for pumping air connects the interlayer space and the air cavity. The side wall of the float away from the sampling tube is provided with an inlet gate and a drain gate connected to the water storage bag.

6. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The side wall of the sampling cylinder is provided with high-pressure nozzles in a circumferential array.

7. The seawater particle separation system based on siphon potential difference drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sampling tube includes a guide strip, a filter mechanism and a flow meter. The guide strip is located on the inner wall of the tapered section of the sampling tube, the filter mechanism is located in the middle section of the sampling tube, and the flow meter is located in the end section of the sampling tube. The filter mechanism includes a first mesh screen, a second mesh screen and a third mesh screen, the apertures of which decrease from top to bottom.

Images