Loess waterlogging sinkhole flow velocity monitoring device

Abstract

The invention provides a loess inland inundation sinkhole flow velocity monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of flow velocity measuring equipment, and the device comprises a measuring assembly which comprises an overflowing cylinder and an ultrasonic water velocity sensor; the fixing assembly comprises a suspender, a telescopic rod and a rotary adjusting mechanism, the upper end of the suspender can be fixed to the water falling hole, the lower end of the suspender is connected with one end of the telescopic rod, and the rotary adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the fixing assembly suspends the measuring assembly in the sinkhole through the suspender, the position of the measuring assembly is adjusted through the telescopic rod, and the inclination angle of the measuring assembly is adjusted through the rotation adjusting mechanism, so that the measuring assembly can be accurately arranged at the part, where the flow velocity is to be measured, in the sinkhole; the device provides an ideal speed measurement environment for the measurement assembly, is suitable for measuring the flow velocity of the submerged working condition in the sinkhole mainly based on the vertical flow velocity, can monitor the flow velocity of sinkholes at different depths and different parts, and solves the problem of data distortion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flow velocity measurement equipment, and in particular to a flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in a loess soil. Background Art

[0002] Loess sinkhole is a special geological phenomenon. It refers to the formation of underground cavities in the loess layer due to well-developed vertical joints and frequent surface water and groundwater activities, and eventually collapses due to the loss of support of the overlying loess layer, forming vertical or nearly vertical ground collapse pits.

[0003] The formation of sinkholes has a very obvious promoting effect on the occurrence of landslides. Sinkholes are usually connected to underground cavities or karst cave systems. These naturally formed underground channels provide rainwater with the opportunity to directly enter deep soil and rock. When the rainfall is heavy, surface water will quickly flow into the ground through the sinkholes, especially in strata with developed vertical joints such as loess layers, where this seepage process is more efficient. As the amount of water continues to increase, the groundwater level rises, resulting in an increase in the saturation of the surrounding soil, thereby weakening the stability of the slope.

[0004] As rainwater infiltrates and fills sinkholes and the underground spaces they connect, pore water pressure increases. This not only reduces the friction between soil particles, but can also exert additional stress on the slope structure, especially where cracks or weak points already exist. Increased pore water pressure can cause a previously stable slope to become unstable, increasing the risk of landslides.

[0005] Therefore, studying the flow velocity of water in sinkholes in loess areas is of great significance for preventing loess landslides. The water flow environment in loess sinkholes is extremely complex. The fluid contains a large amount of natural impurities such as silt, dead branches and leaves. In addition, the direction of water flow is mainly vertical or nearly vertical downward. At the same time, the temperature difference between day and night in most loess sinkhole areas is large, making the working environment of the device even worse. The common flow meters on the market are mostly designed for more ideal water flow conditions, such as horizontal flow in rivers or pipes. However, in the flooded working conditions of loess sinkholes, especially for complex sinkholes with large diameters or non-vertical side walls, traditional flow meters often find it difficult to accurately measure the water flow velocity, and may even cause equipment damage or data distortion. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in loess.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in loess, comprising:

[0008] A measuring assembly, comprising a flow cylinder and an ultrasonic water velocity sensor arranged outside the flow cylinder;

[0009] And a fixing assembly, which includes a suspension rod, a telescopic rod and a rotation adjustment mechanism, the upper end of the suspension rod can be configured to be fixed to the sinkhole, and the lower end is connected to one end of the telescopic rod, the rotation adjustment mechanism is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod, the rotation adjustment mechanism includes a rotating tube, a ratchet mechanism, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the rotating tube is connected to the telescopic rod, the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet, a pawl and a first elastic member, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both rotatably arranged in the rotating tube and at least one end passes through the rotating tube, the ratchet is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the pawl is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, the pawl is engaged with the ratchet, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the pawl, and the other end is connected to the rotating tube, and one end of the first rotating shaft passes through the rotating tube and is connected to the flow cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the ratchet mechanisms is set to two, and the two ratchet mechanisms are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center plane of the rotating tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic rod includes an outer tube, an inner tube, a second elastic member and a locking member, the inner wall of the outer tube is provided with an inner convex track protruding inward, the outer wall of the inner tube is provided with an inner concave track recessed inward, the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube, and the end of the inner tube is connected to the end of the outer tube through the second elastic member, the inner convex track can be slidably embedded in the inner concave track, and the locking member can lock the outer tube and the inner tube at any position.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic tube also includes a fixed tube and at least one extension tube, each of the extension tubes can be detachably connected in sequence, the extension tube at one end is detachably connected to an end of the inner tube extending out of the outer tube, the extension tube at the other end is detachably connected to the fixed tube, and the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the fixed tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic rod also includes a base, one end of the outer tube is fixedly connected to the base, the base is located inside the outer tube and is provided with a fixing column, and one end of the inner tube close to the base is connected to the fixing column through the second elastic member.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking piece is a rubber clip.

[0015] Furthermore, the measuring component also includes a housing, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor, the first water level sensor is installed on the outside of the housing, the second water level sensor and the ultrasonic water speed sensor are installed inside the housing, liquid is provided in the housing below the second water level sensor, and the housing is arranged on the outside of the flow cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a data processing system, which includes a first processor, a second processor and an information storage module, the first processor is connected to the ultrasonic water speed sensor and the first water level sensor respectively, the first processor and the second processor are connected by wireless communication, the second processor is connected to the information storage module, the first processor is used to obtain the water level signal detected by the first water level sensor, and control the operation of the ultrasonic water speed sensor according to the water level signal, and the second processor obtains the water speed signal detected by the ultrasonic water speed sensor from the first processor and stores it in the information storage module.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper end of the flow cylinder is an inclined elliptical cross-section, and the upper longitudinal cross-section of the shell is a triangle.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing assembly also includes a fixing plate, which can span across the sinkhole opening, and the upper end of the suspension rod is connected to the fixing plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are: a flow velocity monitoring device for a loess waterlogging sinkhole of the present invention, a fixed component hangs the measuring component in the sinkhole through a hanger, and adjusts the position of the measuring component through a telescopic rod, and adjusts the inclination angle of the measuring component through a rotating adjustment mechanism, so that the measuring component can be accurately arranged at the position of the flow velocity to be measured in the sinkhole, providing an ideal velocity measurement environment for the measuring component, and is suitable for measuring the flow velocity in a sinkhole under flooding conditions with a vertical flow velocity as the main factor, and can monitor the flow velocity of sinkholes at different depths and in different parts, especially for sinkholes with complex cave conditions such as large diameters or non-vertical side walls, which solves the problem of data distortion, and uses ultrasonic waves as the core velocity measurement device, which will not be interfered by a large amount of natural impurities such as mud, dead branches and leaves in the fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in loess according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the measurement assembly;

[0022] Figure 3 is the circuit schematic of the measurement component;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second water level sensor;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic rod;

[0025] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the telescopic rod;

[0026] Figure 7 It is the front view of the rotary adjustment mechanism;

[0027] Figure 8 is a top view of the rotary adjustment mechanism;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the data collection device;

[0029] Fig.10 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the data collection device.

[0030] In the figure: 1, flow tube; 2, fixed handle; 3, housing; 4, ultrasonic water speed sensor; 5, first processor; 6, first wireless data transmission module; 7, first power supply; 8, first water level sensor; 9, cylindrical housing; 10, fixing plate; 11, suspension rod; 12, outer tube; 13, base; 14, fixing column; 15, first hook; 16, second elastic member; 17, inner tube; 18, second hook; 19, rotating tube; 20, extension tube; 21, pull ring; 22, second water level sensor; 23, fixing member; 24 , locking member; 25, fixing tube; 26, flat plate; 27, ratchet; 28, first rotating shaft; 29, pawl; 30, first elastic member; 31, second rotating shaft; 32, outer box; 33, solar panel; 34, data collection device; 35, silica gel desiccant; 36, breathable valve; 37, display module; 38, signal light module; 39, second processor; 40, second wireless data transmission module; 41, second power supply; 42, information storage module; 43, data line interface; 44, power switch; 45, fixing nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is intended to provide a basic understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to confirm the key or decisive elements of the present invention or to limit the scope of protection.

[0032] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0033] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a flow velocity monitoring device for a loess waterlogging sinkhole, which is applied to monitoring the flow velocity of water in a sinkhole, and mainly includes a measuring component and a fixing component.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 The measuring component includes a flow tube 1 and an ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 arranged on the outside of the flow tube 1.

[0038] Specifically, the flow tube 1 is fixed at the position of the flow velocity to be measured in the sinkhole. In some embodiments, the upper end of the flow tube 1 is an inclined elliptical cross-section. The elliptical cross-section at the top of the flow tube 1 can ensure that when the flow tube 1 is covered with weeds, branches and other debris, the debris can be washed away by the impact force of the water flow itself.

[0039] The flow tube 1 is generally made of a metal cylinder, such as aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy is a lightweight metal material with excellent performance, light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and other advantages, and is very suitable for use in the northwest region's alternating hot and cold climate and water flow and sediment erosion environment. A layer of epoxy resin can also be arranged on the surface of the flow tube 1. The epoxy resin can significantly improve the resistance of the pipeline to sediment erosion and extend its service life, while increasing the smoothness of the surface of the flow tube 1 and reducing the generation of eddy currents.

[0040] In some embodiments, a fixed handle 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the middle part of the flow tube 1, and two nut holes are provided on the fixed handle 2. The flow tube 1 can be fixedly installed through the two nut holes.

[0041] The ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 can measure the velocity of the water flowing through the flow tube 1 .

[0042] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the measuring assembly further comprises a housing 3, a first water level sensor 8 and a second water level sensor 22, wherein the first water level sensor 8 is mounted on the outside of the housing 3, the second water level sensor 22 and the ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 are mounted inside the housing 3, liquid is disposed below the second water level sensor 22 in the housing 3, and the housing 3 is disposed on the outside of the flow cylinder 1. Here, the upper longitudinal section of the housing 3 is triangular, and the lower longitudinal section is rectangular. The upper portion of the housing 3 can effectively reduce the impact of water flow on the measuring device.

[0043] The first water level sensor 8 is installed on the outside of the housing 3 and arranged along the vertical direction, and is used to monitor whether the water level in the sinkhole is above the measuring component.

[0044] The second water level sensor 22 is installed in the cylindrical shell 9. The liquid is set in the cylindrical shell 9. The liquid is water. The second water level sensor 22 is used to detect whether the measuring component is tilted or dropped. When the measuring component is tilted or dropped, the cylindrical shell 9 will tilt along with the measuring component. The second water level sensor 22 in the cylindrical shell 9 contacts the water in the cylindrical shell 9, thereby determining that the position of the measuring component is abnormal.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 5-8 The fixing assembly includes a suspension rod 11, a telescopic rod and a rotation adjustment mechanism. The upper end of the suspension rod 11 can be configured to be fixed to the opening of the sinkhole, and the lower end is connected to one end of the telescopic rod. The rotation adjustment mechanism is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod.

[0046] The suspension rod 11 is generally vertically arranged with its upper end fixed to the sinkhole, and the measuring assembly is installed at the lower end of the suspension rod 11. As in this embodiment, the fixing assembly further includes a fixing plate 10, which can span the sinkhole, and the upper end of the suspension rod 11 is connected to the fixing plate 10.

[0047] Specifically, the number of the fixing plates 10 can be set to be multiple, and the fixing plates 10 are rectangular metal plates with a plurality of evenly distributed holes in the middle. The fixing plates 10 have two upward nut holes at both ends, which are used to fix the adjacent fixing plates 10 to each other, spanning the entire sinkhole, and the two ends are fixed to the ground with fixing nails 45. The fixing plates 10 have four downward nut holes in the middle, which are used to fix the upper end of the suspension rod 11.

[0048] The suspension rod 11 may be made of an I-shaped metal plate, and the suspension rod 11 has two nut holes at the top and bottom. There are two nuts in the middle of the suspension rod 11, and the spacing and size of the two nuts are the same as the spacing and size of the two nut holes on the fixed handle 2. The flow tube 1 can be fixed on the suspension rod 11. The suspension rod 11 can be fixed in the nut hole on the fixed plate 10 by using a nut and a rubber ring through the nut hole. Multiple suspension rods 11 can be set, and they can be connected in sequence through the nut holes at the top and tail ends to achieve the extension function.

[0049] The fixing plate 10 can be connected to a plurality of the suspension rods 11 at the same time, and each of the suspension rods 11 can be connected to one or more flow tubes 1, so as to facilitate the measurement of different depths of the same sinkhole and multiple measurements of the same depth.

[0050] Taking into account the complexity of the interior of the sinkhole, it is sometimes necessary to maintain the measuring component at a certain inclination angle or extend the measuring component to a certain distance to measure the water speed. Therefore, the measuring component is installed at the lower end of the suspension rod 11 through a telescopic rod and a rotation adjustment mechanism, and the position and inclination angle of the flow tube 1 are adjusted to provide the measuring component with an ideal speed measurement environment, improve the reflectivity of the ultrasonic wave, and make the result more accurate.

[0051] The length of the telescopic rod can be freely adjusted to meet the requirement of extending the measuring assembly to a specified position. In some embodiments, the telescopic rod includes an outer tube 12, an inner tube 17, a second elastic member 16 and a locking member 24, the inner wall of the outer tube 12 is provided with an inner convex track protruding inwardly, the outer wall of the inner tube 17 is provided with an inner concave track recessed inwardly, the inner tube 17 is inserted into the outer tube 12, and the end of the inner tube 17 is connected to the end of the outer tube 12 through the second elastic member 16, the inner convex track can be slidably embedded in the inner concave track, and the locking member 24 can lock the outer tube 12 and the inner tube 17 at any position.

[0052] More specifically, the telescopic rod further includes a base 13, one end of the outer tube 12 is fixedly connected to the base 13, the base 13 is located inside the outer tube 12 and is provided with a fixing column 14, and the inner tube 17 is connected to the fixing column 14 at one end close to the base 13 through the second elastic member 16. Preferably, the second elastic member 16 is a spring, a first hook 15 is provided on the fixing column 14, and a second hook 18 is provided at one end of the inner tube 17 close to the base 13, and the first elastic member 30 is connected to the first hook 15 and the second hook 18 at two ends, respectively.

[0053] The locking member may be a rubber clamp. When the telescopic rod needs to be extended, the inner tube 17 is extended from the outer tube 12 by a certain distance, the second elastic member 16 is in a relaxed state, and then the inner tube 17 is extended to a suitable length according to demand, at which time the second elastic member 16 is in a stretched state, and then the locking member is clamped at the overlapping junction of the inner tube 17 and the outer tube 12, and the friction force of the rubber clamp is used to prevent the inner tube 17 from retracting, thereby achieving the length adjustment of the telescopic rod.

[0054] In some embodiments, the telescopic tube also includes a fixed tube 25 and at least one extension tube 20, and each of the extension tubes 20 can be detachably connected in sequence. The extension tube 20 at one end is detachably connected to one end of the inner tube 17 extending out of the outer tube 12, and the extension tube 20 at the other end is detachably connected to the fixed tube 25, and the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the fixed tube 25.

[0055] The extension tube 20 is specifically a hollow round tube with no bottom at both ends. The two ends of the extension tube 20 are respectively provided with internal threads and external threads. One end of the inner tube 17 extending out of the outer tube 12 is provided with external threads. Any two extension tubes 20 can be connected in sequence through the internal threads and the external threads, and the extension tube 20 can also be connected with the external threads of the inner tube 17 through the internal threads. In this way, by providing one or more extension tubes 20, the additional extension of the telescopic rod is achieved.

[0056] A pull ring 21 may also be provided on the outer wall of the extension tube 20. If the extension tube 20 is too long, a steel wire rope should be fixed to the pull ring 21 in the middle of the extension tube 20, and the other end should be fixed obliquely on the side wall of the sinkhole.

[0057] The rotation adjustment mechanism is mounted on the telescopic rod, and the measuring assembly is mounted on the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the tilt angle of the measuring assembly can be adjusted by the rotation adjustment mechanism. The rotation adjustment mechanism includes a rotating tube 19, a ratchet 27 mechanism, a first rotating shaft 28, and a second rotating shaft 31. The rotating tube 19 is connected to the telescopic rod. The ratchet 27 mechanism includes a ratchet 27, a pawl 29, and a first elastic member 30. Both the first rotating shaft 28 and the second rotating shaft 31 are rotatably arranged in the rotating tube 19 and at least one end passes through the rotating tube 19. The ratchet 27 is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft 28, and the pawl 29 is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 31. The pawl 29 is engaged with the ratchet 27. One end of the first elastic member 30 is connected to the pawl 29 and the other end is connected to the rotating tube 19. One end of the first rotating shaft 28 that passes through the rotating tube 19 is connected to the flow tube 1.

[0058] Specifically, the rotating tube 19 is a hollow round tube with one end having no bottom, and the other end of the rotating tube 19 is provided with an internal thread, through which the extension tube 20 or the inner tube 17 can be fixedly connected. A flat plate 26 is provided at one end of the rotating tube 19 located at the internal thread, and the ratchet 27 mechanism, the first rotating shaft 28 and the second rotating shaft 31 are installed inside the rotating tube 19.

[0059] The first rotating shaft 28 is provided with a fixing member 23 at one end passing through the rotating tube 19, and the fixing member 23 is connected to the flow tube 1. The first rotating shaft 28 can drive the flow tube 1 to rotate. The first elastic member 30 is generally a spring, and the first elastic member 30 tightens the pawl 29 so that the pawl 29 and the ratchet 27 maintain a stable engagement state.

[0060] When there is no need to adjust the tilt angle of the measuring assembly, there is no need to install a rotation adjustment mechanism, and a fixing member 23 can be provided at the front end of the fixing tube 25 to connect the flow tube 1 via the fixing member 23 .

[0061] Under normal circumstances, the tip of the pawl 29 clamps the ratchet 27, so that the ratchet 27 and the first rotating shaft 28 cannot rotate, and the second spring is in a relaxed state. When the angle of the flow tube 1 needs to be adjusted, the second rotating shaft 31 on the pawl 29 is rotated, the tip of the pawl 29 is away from the ratchet 27, the second spring is in a stretched state, and the ratchet 27 and the first rotating shaft 28 can rotate. The first rotating shaft 28 is rotated to rotate the fixing member 23 to the target angle, and then the second rotating shaft 31 is released, so that the pawl 29 clamps the ratchet 27 again, preventing the ratchet 27 from rotating, thereby preventing the fixing member 23 and the flow tube 1 from rotating, that is, preventing the measurement component from rotating.

[0062] In some embodiments, the number of the ratchet 27 mechanisms is set to two, and the two ratchet 27 mechanisms are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center plane of the rotating tube 19, the ratchet 27 of the two ratchet 27 mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft 28, and the pawls 29 of the two ratchet 27 mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 31, so that the rotation of the first rotating shaft 28 can drive the two ratchet wheels 27 to move synchronously, and the rotation of the second rotating shaft 31 can drive the two pawls 29 to rotate synchronously, so that the measuring component can adjust the tilt angle more stably.

[0063] In addition, a loess waterlogging sinkhole flow velocity monitoring device of the present invention also includes a data processing system, which includes a first processor 5, a second processor 39 and an information storage module 42. The first processor 5 is connected to the ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 and the first water level sensor 8 respectively, and the first processor 5 and the second processor 39 are wirelessly connected. The second processor 39 is connected to the information storage module 42. The first processor 5 is used to obtain the water level signal detected by the first water level sensor 8 and control the operation of the ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 according to the water level signal. The second processor 39 obtains the water velocity signal detected by the ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 from the first processor 5 and stores it in the information storage module 42.

[0064] Specifically, the measuring component is further provided with a first power supply 7, and the first power supply 7 is used to power the measuring component. For a sinkhole with a large water flow velocity, it can be considered to connect a hydroelectric generator to the first power supply 7 to enhance the endurance of the first power supply 7.

[0065] The first processor 5 and the second processor 39 are both single chip microcomputer modules. The first processor 5 is provided with a first wireless data transmission module 6, and the second processor 39 is provided with a second wireless data transmission module 40. The first wireless data transmission module 6 and the second wireless data transmission module 40 communicate with each other via a wireless network.

[0066] Please refer to Fig. 9 and 10 The second processor 39 and the information storage module 42 are integrated in the data collection device 34, and the data collection device 34 is arranged in a data collection box, and the data collection box is located outside the entrance of the sinkhole. The data collection box also includes an outer box body 32 and a solar panel 33.

[0067] The outer box 32 is a rectangular box with a hollow cushion layer at the bottom to prevent water from accumulating too deep near the box, causing water to enter the outer box 32 and thus damage the electronic equipment. The inner side of the outer box 32 can be covered with a layer of polyurethane foam, which not only plays a buffering role but also provides a certain heat insulation effect and also has a certain waterproof property. The outer surface of the outer box 32 can be coated with a white paint with high reflectivity to reduce the heat absorption caused by direct sunlight.

[0068] Several silica gel desiccants 35 are placed at the bottom corners of the outer box 32 to absorb possible moisture. The front of the outer box 32 is a door that can be opened freely, and a silica gel sealing strip is installed around the door to prevent rain and moisture from entering when it is closed. A breathable valve 36 with a hydrophobic membrane is installed on the top of the side of the outer box 32 to allow air circulation to adjust the internal and external pressure difference while preventing moisture from penetrating.

[0069] The solar panel 33 is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer box 32, and the data collection device 34 further includes a second power supply 41, which supplies power to the data collection device 34. The second power supply 41 is connected to the solar panel 33, and the solar panel 33 can absorb solar energy to supply power to the data collection device 34.

[0070] The data collection device 34 further includes a display screen module 37 , in which the measurement component information, including status, name, remarks, etc., can be viewed or input.

[0071] There are four color signal light modules 38 below the display screen module 37, namely white light, red light, green light and blue light.

[0072] When the water flow submerges the measuring component, the first water level sensor 8 starts working and sends a start signal to the first processor 5. The first processor 5 sends a signal to the ultrasonic water velocity sensor, and the ultrasonic water velocity sensor starts working. At the same time, it sends a signal to the first processor 5, and transmits the obtained data to the first processor 5 and stores it. When the rainfall decreases or the rain stops, and the water level is lower than the measuring component, the first water level sensor 8 sends a signal to the first processor 5, and the ultrasonic water velocity sensor stops working. At the same time, the first processor 5 sends the stored data to the data collection device 34.

[0073] When the following situations occur, the first processor 5 will send a signal to the first wireless data transmission module 6, and the first wireless data transmission module 6 will send a signal to the data collection device 34, and the corresponding signal light in the data collection device 34 will light up:

[0074] When the first processor 5 receives the signal sent by the second water level sensor 22, the first wireless data transmission module 6 sends a signal A to the data collection device 34;

[0075] When the first processor 5 sends a signal to start working to the ultrasonic water speed sensor and does not receive a feedback signal, the first wireless data transmission module 6 sends a signal B to the data collection device 34;

[0076] When the power of the first power source 7 is insufficient, the first wireless data transmission module 6 sends a signal C to the data collection device 34 .

[0077] When the measuring component is in use, it is first matched with the second wireless data transmission module 40 of the data collection device 34. After the match is successful, the white signal light will flash.

[0078] The red, green and blue signal lights in the signal light module 38 are on, indicating that the measuring component has a fault:

[0079] When the data collection device 34 receives the signal A sent by the first wireless data transmission module 6, the red light turns on;

[0080] When the data collection device 34 receives the signal B sent by the first wireless data transmission module 6, the green light turns on;

[0081] When the data collection device 34 receives the signal C sent by the first wireless data transmission module 6 , the blue light turns on.

[0082] The data collection device 34 is also provided with a data line interface 43 and a power switch 44. The data line interface 43 is used to export the sinkhole flow velocity data collected by the data collection device 34. When the power switch 44 is turned off, the data collection device 34 is in a standby mode, and only the second processor 39 works, and the second processor 39 controls the signal light module 38 and the second wireless data transmission module 40 to work.

[0083] The embodiment of the present invention provides a flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in the loess soil. When monitoring the flow velocity of the water flow in the sinkhole, the suspension rod 11 is fixedly installed on the ground at the entrance of the sinkhole through the fixing plate 10, the measuring component is suspended, the extension distance of the measuring component is adjusted by the measuring component, and the inclination angle of the measuring component is adjusted by the rotating adjustment mechanism, so that the measuring component is in an ideal speed measurement environment. When the first water level sensor 8 detects that the water flow submerges the measuring component, the ultrasonic water velocity sensor 4 starts to work, measures the flow velocity of the water flowing through the flow tube 1, and transmits the obtained water flow velocity data to the data collection device 34 for storage.

[0084] In this article, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom involved are defined by the positions of the parts in the drawings and the positions of the parts relative to each other, just for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that they are relative concepts and can change accordingly according to different ways of use and placement, and the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0085] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flow velocity monitoring device for a waterlogging sinkhole in loess, characterized in that: include: A measuring assembly, comprising a flow cylinder and an ultrasonic water velocity sensor arranged outside the flow cylinder; And a fixing assembly, which includes a suspension rod, a telescopic rod and a rotation adjustment mechanism, the upper end of the suspension rod can be configured to be fixed to the sinkhole, and the lower end is connected to one end of the telescopic rod, the rotation adjustment mechanism is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod, the rotation adjustment mechanism includes a rotating tube, a ratchet mechanism, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the rotating tube is connected to the telescopic rod, the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet, a pawl and a first elastic member, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both rotatably arranged in the rotating tube and at least one end passes through the rotating tube, the ratchet is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the pawl is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, the pawl is engaged with the ratchet, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the pawl, and the other end is connected to the rotating tube, and one end of the first rotating shaft passes through the rotating tube and is connected to the flow cylinder.

2. A loess waterlogging sinkhole flow rate monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the ratchet mechanisms is set to two, and the two ratchet mechanisms are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center plane of the rotating tube.

3. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a waterlogging sinkhole in loess soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rod includes an outer tube, an inner tube, a second elastic member and a locking member. The inner wall of the outer tube is provided with an inner convex track protruding inwardly, and the outer wall of the inner tube is provided with an inner concave track recessed inwardly. The inner tube is inserted into the outer tube, and the end of the inner tube is connected to the end of the outer tube through the second elastic member. The inner convex track can be slidably embedded in the inner concave track, and the locking member can lock the outer tube and the inner tube at any position.

4. A loess waterlogging sinkhole flow rate monitoring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic tube also includes a fixed tube and at least one extension tube, each of the extension tubes can be detachably connected in sequence, the extension tube at one end is detachably connected to an end of the inner tube extending out of the outer tube, the extension tube at the other end is detachably connected to the fixed tube, and the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the fixed tube.

5. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a water hole in a loess waterlogging area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic rod also includes a base, one end of the outer tube is fixedly connected to the base, the base is located inside the outer tube and is provided with a fixing column, and one end of the inner tube close to the base is connected to the fixing column through the second elastic member.

6. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a waterlogging sinkhole in loess soil as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The locking piece is a rubber clip.

7. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a waterlogging sinkhole in loess soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring component also includes a shell, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor. The first water level sensor is installed on the outside of the shell, and the second water level sensor and the ultrasonic water speed sensor are installed inside the shell. Liquid is provided in the shell below the second water level sensor, and the shell is arranged on the outside of the flow cylinder.

8. A loess waterlogging sinkhole flow rate monitoring device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a data processing system, which includes a first processor, a second processor and an information storage module. The first processor is connected to the ultrasonic water speed sensor and the first water level sensor respectively, and the first processor and the second processor are connected by wireless communication. The second processor is connected to the information storage module. The first processor is used to obtain the water level signal detected by the first water level sensor and control the operation of the ultrasonic water speed sensor according to the water level signal. The second processor obtains the water speed signal detected by the ultrasonic water speed sensor from the first processor and stores it in the information storage module.

9. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a water hole in a loess waterlogging area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the flow cylinder is an inclined elliptical cross section, and the upper longitudinal cross section of the shell is a triangle.

10. The device for monitoring flow velocity of a water hole in a loess waterlogging region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly also includes a fixing plate, which can span across the sinkhole opening, and the upper end of the suspension rod is connected to the fixing plate.

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