A calculation method and system for the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of a cascade reservoir

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs. It collects the data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, constructs two inflow scenarios based on the data of typical years to obtain the flood process. Based on the inflow scenarios, joint operation rules are set, a joint operation model is constructed, and the joint operation of cascade reservoirs is calculated to obtain the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir. The equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs is calculated based on the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir. Two operation scenarios are constructed for the two inflow scenarios respectively, and the corresponding equivalent coefficients of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs are calculated and the joint flood control operation of cascade reservoirs is carried out to verify the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs. The present invention provides the equivalent coefficient of the flood control storage capacity for the joint operation of cascade reservoirs, which can improve the operation efficiency of cascade reservoirs to a certain extent without affecting the flood control benefits of cascade reservoirs and improve the comprehensive benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the joint operation of reservoir groups and the dynamic control of flood season operating water levels, there have been a large number of research results at home and abroad. Most of them use optimization algorithms to solve the optimal operation plan, or construct various inflow scenarios to analyze the feasibility and plan of the dynamic control of flood season operating water levels. The equivalent utilization of storage capacity is a way of dynamic control of water levels, which simplifies the complexity of scheduling calculations.

[0003] At present, the research on the equivalent utilization of storage capacity includes flood routing calculations for different typical year design floods, analyzing the equivalent utilization coefficient of the flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoir groups by adjusting the flood control and discharge plan; using multi-year runoff sequences to analyze the flood control storage capacity required for different floods, plotting the flood control storage capacity frequency curve to achieve the equivalent utilization of flood control storage capacity; starting from the flood characteristics of the river system, the regional flood control standard and the flood control compensation operation method, analyzing the release conditions of the flood control compensation storage capacity; discretizing multiple groups of flood control storage capacity sequences, using the trial algorithm to analyze the equivalent utilization storage capacity, and then fitting to obtain the equivalent relationship of flood control storage capacity.

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs. Based on the design floods of multiple typical years and various flood composition methods in the basin, through the joint operation analysis and calculation of cascade reservoirs, the equivalent utilization relationship of reservoir storage capacity is studied, the cascade flood control storage capacity is reasonably utilized, and the comprehensive utilization benefits of cascade reservoirs are fully exerted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Object of the Invention: To provide a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs to solve the above problems existing in the prior art. On the other hand, to provide a system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs.

[0006] Technical Solution: A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two inflow scenarios based on the typical year data, and obtain the flood process;

[0008] Step S2: Based on the two inflow scenarios, set the joint operation rules, construct a joint operation model, perform joint operation calculations on the cascade reservoirs, and obtain the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir;

[0009] Step S3: Calculate the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs based on the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir;

[0010] Step S4: Construct two scheduling scenarios for the two incoming water scenarios respectively, calculate the corresponding equivalent coefficients of cascade reservoir storage capacities and conduct joint flood control scheduling calculations for the cascade reservoirs to verify the equivalent coefficients of cascade reservoir storage capacities.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S1 is further as follows:

[0012] Step S11: Collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, data of typical years and reservoir operation regulations, etc.;

[0013] Step S12: Use the peak-flow same-frequency method to construct an incoming water scenario where the incoming water in the interval is in the same frequency as the incoming water of the downstream reservoir and corresponds to the incoming water of the upstream reservoir;

[0014] Step S13: Use the same multiple ratio method and the hydrological analogy method to construct an incoming water scenario where the incoming water of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is in the same frequency and the incoming water in the interval corresponds;

[0015] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S12 is further as follows:

[0016] Step S12a: Extract the incoming water process of the typical year, and use the peak-flow same-frequency method to set the interval flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard;

[0017] Step S12b: Set the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir as the original design flood result;

[0018] Step S12c: Subtract the interval flood process between the downstream reservoir dam site and its adjacent upstream reservoir from the downstream reservoir dam site flood process to obtain the dam site flood process of its adjacent upstream reservoir;

[0019] Step S12d: Calculate in sequence to obtain the dam site flood processes corresponding to all reservoirs in the cascade reservoir.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S13 is further as follows:

[0021] Step S13a: Extract the data of the typical year, and use the same multiple ratio method to set the flood processes at the dam sites of the most upstream and most downstream reservoirs as the design floods of the reservoir design standard;

[0022] Step S13b: Subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process in the interval from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir;

[0023] Step S13c: Use the hydrological analogy method to scale to obtain the corresponding flood processes in the intervals between each reservoir.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S2 is further as follows:

[0025] Step S21: Extract the flood process in the interval to obtain the inflow water volume in the interval, set the joint operation rules for cascade reservoirs, and construct a joint operation model;

[0026] Step S22: Based on the joint operation rules and the joint operation model of cascade reservoirs, conduct joint operation on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water levels and inflow / outflow discharges of each reservoir, and calculate the reservoir storage based on the storage capacity curve.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present application, Step S22 is further as follows:

[0028] Step S22a: Based on the joint operation rules of cascade reservoirs, extract the initial water level and target water level of the uppermost reservoir and input them into the joint operation model. After adjusting the outflow discharge based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve, and target water level, input it into the joint operation model again to obtain the outflow discharge and water level in front of the dam of the uppermost reservoir;

[0029] Step S22b: Based on the outflow discharge of the upstream reservoir and the inflow in the interval, conduct joint operation on each downstream reservoir to obtain the water levels in front of the dams, inflow / outflow discharges, and reservoir storages of each reservoir in the cascade.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present application, Step S22b is further as follows:

[0031] Step S22b1: Calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the outflow discharge of the upstream reservoir and the inflow in the interval, and input it into the joint operation model. Set the outflow discharge based on the operation regulations to obtain the operation plan of the current reservoir, and extract the outflow discharge and input it into the next-level reservoir for operation calculation;

[0032] Step S22b2: Calculate in sequence the water levels in front of the dams, inflow / outflow discharges, and reservoir storages of all reservoirs in the cascade.

[0033] According to one aspect of the present application, Step S3 is further as follows:

[0034] Step S31: Start the operation of each reservoir from its respective flood control limited water level to the flood regulation high water level of the joint operation plan, calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir respectively, and sum them to obtain the impounded water volume, that is, the change in reservoir storage;

[0035] Step S32: Adjust the initial water level of the uppermost reservoir to a certain level below the flood control limited water level, conduct calculations based on the joint operation model of cascade reservoirs. The upstream reservoirs jointly impound the corresponding amount of water corresponding to the change in reservoir storage, and the reservoir water level is impounded to the flood regulation high water level. The downstream reservoirs still start from the flood control limited water level to obtain the flood regulation high water level. The upstream reservoir group uses the protective storage capacity, and the downstream reservoirs use the flood control storage capacity;

[0036] Step S33: Statistically calculate the reduced flood control storage capacity of each downstream reservoir and the increased storage capacity of the upstream reservoir, and calculate the ratio between the two, that is, the equivalent utilization coefficient of the upstream reservoir storage capacity and the downstream reservoir storage capacity.

[0037] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S4 is further as follows:

[0038] Step S41: Extract the inflow processes of typical years and construct two scheduling scenarios for the two inflow scenarios respectively, including: flood scheduling plan scenario and equivalent utilization floating scenario;

[0039] Step S42: Conduct cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculations for the two scheduling scenarios under the two inflow scenarios respectively, obtain the maximum outflow discharge, maximum inflow discharge and flood regulation high water level of each reservoir under each scenario, compare the numerical magnitudes under the two scenarios, and verify the equivalent utilization coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present application, a system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir storage capacity is provided, including:

[0041] At least one processor; and

[0042] A memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein,

[0043] The memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir storage capacity described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0044] Beneficial effects: By adopting a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir storage capacity, the equivalent utilization relationship of the reservoir flood control storage capacity can be obtained through reservoir joint scheduling calculations, and the values and efficiencies of the equivalent coefficients of cascade reservoir storage capacity under different scenarios can be determined. Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 is a flowchart of step S1 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 is a flowchart of step S2 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 is a flowchart of step S3 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 is a flowchart of step S4 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0050] As Figure 1As shown, the following technical solutions are proposed. According to one aspect of the present application, a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of cascade reservoirs is provided, which is characterized by including the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: Collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two inflow scenarios based on typical year data, and obtain flood processes;

[0052] Step S2: Based on the two inflow scenarios, set joint operation rules, construct a joint operation model, perform joint operation calculations on the cascade reservoirs, and obtain the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir;

[0053] Step S3: Calculate the equivalent coefficient of the storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs based on the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges, and reservoir storage volumes of each reservoir;

[0054] Step S4: Construct two operation scenarios for the two inflow scenarios respectively, calculate the corresponding equivalent coefficients of the storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs respectively, and perform joint flood control operation calculations on the cascade reservoirs to verify the equivalent coefficients of the storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, according to one aspect of the present application, the step S1 is further as follows:

[0056] Step S11: Collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, typical year data, reservoir operation regulations and other data;

[0057] Step S12: Use the peak-flow same-frequency method to construct an inflow scenario in which the inflow from the interval is in the same frequency as the inflow to the downstream reservoir and corresponds to the inflow to the upstream reservoir;

[0058] The peak-flow same-frequency method is a method for determining the design flood discharge of hydrology. This method is based on the flood discharge data within a certain period, and determines the peak flood discharge at a specific frequency through statistical analysis.

[0059] Step S13: Use the same-multiplier method and the hydrological analogy method to construct an inflow scenario in which the inflows to the upstream and downstream reservoirs are in the same frequency and the inflow from the interval corresponds.

[0060] The same-multiplier method is a hydrological design method used to determine the peak flood discharge at different design frequencies. This method is based on statistical theory and determines the design flood peak discharge by analyzing the multiple relationship of the peak flood discharges at different frequencies.

[0061] The hydrological analogy method is a hydrological analysis method used to estimate the hydrological characteristics of a basin or station without measured data, and is often used for basin hydrological characteristic calculation, water resources assessment and hydrological simulation.

[0062] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S12 is further as follows:

[0063] Step S12a: Extract the typical annual water inflow process, and use the peak-discharge same-frequency method to set the inter-basin flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard.

[0064] Step S12b: Set the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir as the original design flood result.

[0065] Step S12c: Subtract the inter-basin flood process between the downstream reservoir dam site and its adjacent upstream reservoir from the flood process at the downstream reservoir dam site to obtain the flood process at the dam site of its adjacent upstream reservoir.

[0066] Step S12d: Calculate in sequence to obtain the flood processes at the dam sites corresponding to all reservoirs in the cascade reservoir.

[0067] Compared with other hydrological design methods, the peak-discharge same-frequency method is based on statistical analysis, intuitive and easy to understand, and easier to implement; the peak-discharge same-frequency method has accumulated rich experience and data support in practice; it has relatively low requirements for data, only requiring historical flood flow data or curves, without complex hydrological data, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of data acquisition; the peak-discharge same-frequency method can accurately determine the design flood peak flow at different frequencies through statistical methods, which helps to accurately assess the flood risk; the peak same-frequency method is applicable to hydrological systems of different scales and can be used for hydrological design from small basins to large basins, with good generality and applicability.

[0068] Therefore, in this embodiment, the peak-discharge same-frequency method is used to construct a water inflow scenario in which the inter-basin water inflow is in the same frequency as the water inflow at the downstream reservoir and the water inflow at the upstream reservoir corresponds.

[0069] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S13 is further as follows:

[0070] Step S13a: Extract the typical year data, and use the same multiple ratio method to set the flood processes at the dam sites of the most upstream and the most downstream reservoirs as the design flood of the reservoir design standard.

[0071] Step S13b: Subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process in the interval from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir.

[0072] Step S13c: Scale using the hydrological ratio method to obtain the corresponding flood processes in the intervals between each reservoir.

[0073] The same multiple ratio method does not require complex hydrological model calculations and a large amount of data. Only historical flood flow data and the selection of a suitable multiple are needed for analysis. The same multiple ratio method sorts the historical flood data through the multiple and intuitively determines the flood peak flow at different design frequencies. It is commonly used in the hydrological design and planning of small basins.

[0074] The hydrological analogy method takes into account multiple hydrological elements of the basin and is applicable to estimating the hydrological characteristics of basins or stations without measured data. It can analyze basins of various types and scales. By matching the characteristic parameters of similar basins or stations and making data adjustments and corrections, the accuracy and reliability of the estimation results can be improved.

[0075] Therefore, in this embodiment, first, the flood process at the dam sites of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is set to the design flood of the design standard by the same multiple ratio method, and then the flood process between the reservoirs is obtained by the hydrological analogy method.

[0076] As Figure 3 shown, according to one aspect of the present application, the step S2 is further as follows:

[0077] Step S21: Extract the flood process between intervals to obtain the incoming water volume between intervals, set the joint operation rules of cascade reservoirs, and construct a joint operation model;

[0078] In a certain embodiment, specifically:

[0079] When carrying out the joint flood control operation calculation of cascade reservoirs, on the basis of the flood control operation plans of each reservoir, the following principles need to be satisfied:

[0080] Do not reduce the flood control standards of each reservoir;

[0081] Guarantee the flood control tasks of each reservoir;

[0082] Under the condition of guaranteeing the flood control tasks, the highest flood regulation water level used by the downstream reservoirs does not exceed the highest flood regulation water level scheduled according to the flood operation plan under the design flood inflow condition of the reservoir design standard;

[0083] The maximum discharge of the reservoir is not greater than the maximum discharge scheduled according to the flood operation plan;

[0084] The maximum inflow corresponding to the highest reservoir water level moment of the downstream reservoirs is not higher than the maximum inflow scheduled according to the flood operation plan.

[0085] Step S22: Based on the joint operation rules and the joint operation model of the cascade reservoirs, conduct joint operation on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water levels, inflow and outflow discharges of each reservoir, and calculate the reservoir storage based on the storage capacity curve.

[0086] According to one aspect of the present application, the step S22 is further as follows:

[0087] Step S22a: Based on the joint operation rules of the cascade reservoirs, extract the initial water level and target water level of the uppermost reservoir and input them into the joint operation model. After adjusting the outflow discharge based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve and target water level and inputting it into the joint operation model again, obtain the outflow discharge and water level in front of the dam of the uppermost reservoir;

[0088] Step S22b: Based on the outflow of the upstream reservoir and the interval water inflow, the downstream reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the dam front water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each cascade reservoir.

[0089] According to one aspect of the present application, step S22b is further:

[0090] Step S22b1, calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the upstream reservoir outflow and interval water inflow, and input it into the joint scheduling model, set the outflow based on the scheduling regulations, obtain the scheduling plan of the reservoir at this level, extract the outflow and input it to the next level reservoir for scheduling calculation;

[0091] Step S22b2, sequentially calculate the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow flow and the reservoir storage capacity of all the cascade reservoirs.

[0092] According to one aspect of the present application, step S3 further comprises:

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S31, each reservoir is adjusted to the target water level of the joint dispatching scheme according to its own flood limit water level, and the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir is calculated, and the sum is obtained to obtain the intercepted water volume, such as:

[0094] Assume that there is i Reservoirs, denoted as A i (i = 1, 2, … n) , the downstream reservoir has j Seat, recorded as B j (j = 1, 2, … n) , each reservoir has its own flood limit water level Z Ai,汛 , Z Bj,汛 Start to adjust to the high water level of the joint dispatching plan Z Ai,0 , Z Bj,0 , calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir , and the sum is obtained to obtain the intercepted water volume, that is, the change in reservoir storage volume;

[0095] Step S32: adjust the starting water level of the most upstream reservoir and keep the starting water levels of other reservoirs unchanged; calculate the target water level of the most upstream reservoir based on the intercepted water volume; adjust the water level of the most upstream reservoir to the target water level; and calculate the flood control high water levels of the downstream reservoirs and the flood control storage capacity used by each of them:

[0096] Adjust the water level of the most upstream reservoir to Z Ai,0’ ,in ZAi,0’ And Z Ai,0 The sum of the storage differences is not less than the intercepted water volume. Calculations are carried out based on the cascade reservoir joint operation model. The upstream reservoirs jointly intercept the flood volume corresponding to the intercepted water volume, and the reservoir water levels are intercepted to Z Ai,1 , and the downstream reservoirs still start the regulation from the flood control limited water level Z Bj,汛 to obtain the flood regulation high water level Z Bj,1 . The storage capacity used by the upstream reservoir group is V Ai,1 , and the flood control storage capacity used by the downstream reservoirs is V Bj,1 . The calculations need to satisfy Z Ai,1 ≤ Z Ai,0 , Z Bj,1 ≤ Z Bj,0 , and the sum of the flood control storage capacities of the upstream reservoir group is not less than the intercepted water volume;

[0097] Step S33: Statistically analyze the reduced flood control storage capacities of the downstream reservoirs and the increased storage capacities of the upstream reservoirs, and calculate the equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity:

[0098]

[0099] At the same time, considering the most unfavorable principle of cascade reservoir joint operation, comprehensively analyze the calculation results under different scenarios, and determine the feasible equivalent operation coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

[0100] As Figure 5 shown, according to one aspect of the present application, the step S4 is further as follows:

[0101] Step S41: Extract the typical annual inflow process, and construct two scheduling scenarios for the two inflow scenarios respectively, including: the flood control scheduling plan scenario and the equivalent operation floating scenario;

[0102] Step S42: Conduct cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculations for the two scheduling scenarios under the two inflow scenarios respectively, obtain the maximum out - flow discharge, maximum in - flow discharge and flood regulation high water level of each reservoir under each scenario, compare the numerical sizes under the two scenarios, and verify the equivalent operation coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

[0103] In a certain embodiment, specifically:

[0104] Comprehensively considering the requirements of flood control, power generation, etc., during the flood season, the operating water levels of the downstream reservoirs are respectively raised to the levels where the power generation of the power station units is not restricted. Using the equivalent operation coefficient of the storage capacity obtained in S3, the amplitude by which the water level of the upstream reservoir should be lowered from the flood control limited water level is inversely calculated;

[0105] Set the starting regulation water levels of reservoirs at all levels according to the flood operation plan scenario and the equivalent application floating scenario respectively;

[0106] Conduct joint operation of cascade reservoirs to obtain the maximum discharge flow, maximum inflow flow and flood regulation high water level of each reservoir. Compare the values of the two scenarios. If the values of the equivalent application floating scenario do not exceed those of the flood operation plan scenario, it indicates that the flood control risks in the reservoir areas and downstream of each cascade reservoir are not increased, and the equivalent application coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity is reasonable and feasible.

[0107] In this embodiment, based on the equivalent application method of cascade reservoir storage capacity, analyze the flood regional composition of different typical annual flood processes, construct the design flood processes with a return period of 20 years for the interval and downstream with the same frequency, and for the upstream and downstream with the same frequency. Through the calculation of reservoir joint flood control operation, extract the equivalent application relationship of the reservoir flood control storage capacity, and verify the coefficient. The equivalent application coefficient of the storage capacity in the upstream and downstream same-frequency flood scenario is greater than that in the interval and downstream same-frequency flood scenario. And when the upstream inflow is large, due to the limitation of the reservoir discharge capacity, the equivalent application efficiency of the reservoir storage capacity decreases.

[0108] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir storage capacity, which is characterized in that it includes:

[0109] At least one processor; and

[0110] A memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein,

[0111] The memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement the method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir storage capacity as described in any one of the above.

[0112] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two water inflow scenarios based on typical year data, and obtain the flood process; Step S2: Based on the two water inflow scenarios, joint dispatching rules are set, a joint dispatching model is constructed, and joint dispatching calculations are performed on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water level, inflow and outflow flow, and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S3, calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoirs based on the water level of each reservoir, the inflow and outflow flow and the storage capacity of the reservoir; specifically: Step S31, adjust each reservoir to the high water level of the joint dispatching plan according to its own flood limit water level, calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir, and sum them up to obtain the intercepted water volume, that is, the reservoir storage volume change; Step S32: adjust the starting water level of the most upstream reservoir to a certain level below the flood limit water level, and perform calculations based on the joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs. The total interception and storage of the upstream reservoirs corresponds to the change in the storage capacity of the reservoirs. The reservoir water level is intercepted to the flood control high water level, and the downstream reservoirs are still dispatched from the flood limit water level to obtain the flood control high water level. The upstream reservoir group uses the flood control storage capacity, and the downstream reservoir uses the flood control storage capacity; Step S33, counting the flood control storage capacity that is reduced in each downstream reservoir and the storage capacity that is increased in the upstream reservoir, and calculating the ratio between the two, that is, the equivalent utilization coefficient of the storage capacity of the upstream reservoir and the storage capacity of the downstream reservoir; Step S4: construct two scheduling scenarios for the two water inflow scenarios respectively, calculate the corresponding cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients under the two scheduling scenarios respectively, and perform cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculation to verify the cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients.

2. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 is further as follows: Step S11, collecting data on cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, typical year data and reservoir dispatching regulations; Step S12, using the peak quantity same frequency method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the interval water has the same frequency as the downstream reservoir water inflow and corresponds to the upstream reservoir water inflow; Step S13: Use the same multiple ratio method and hydrological analogy method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the water inflow frequency of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is the same and the water inflow between the intervals is corresponding.

3. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The step S12 is further as follows: Step S12a, extracting the water flow process in a typical year, and using the peak-volume-frequency method to set the interval flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S12b, setting the flood process of the most downstream reservoir dam site to the original design flood result; Step S12c, subtract the flood process of the dam site of the downstream reservoir from the flood process of the interval between the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, to obtain the flood process of the dam site of the upstream reservoir; Step S12d, sequentially calculate and obtain the flood process at the dam sites corresponding to all the cascade reservoirs.

4. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The step S13 is further as follows: Step S13a, extracting typical year data, and using the same multiple ratio method to set the flood process of the most upstream and downstream reservoir dam sites as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S13b, subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir; Step S13c: Use the hydrological ratio method to scale and obtain the corresponding flood process between the reservoirs.

5. The method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 is further as follows: Step S21, extracting the interval flood process, obtaining the interval water volume, setting the joint dispatching rules of the cascade reservoirs, and constructing a joint dispatching model; Step S22: Based on the joint dispatching rules and joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs, the cascade reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the water level and inflow and outflow of each reservoir, and the reservoir storage capacity is calculated based on the storage capacity curve.

6. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The step S22 is further as follows: Step S22a, based on the joint dispatching rules of cascade reservoirs, extract the starting water level and target water level of the most upstream reservoir and input them into the joint dispatching model, adjust the outflow flow based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve and target water level and input it into the joint dispatching model again to obtain the outflow flow and water level in front of the dam of the most upstream reservoir; Step S22b: Based on the outflow of the upstream reservoir and the interval water inflow, the downstream reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the dam front water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each cascade reservoir.

7. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The step S22b is further as follows: Step S22b1, calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the upstream reservoir outflow and interval water inflow, and input it into the joint scheduling model, set the outflow based on the scheduling regulations, obtain the scheduling plan of the reservoir at this level, extract the outflow and input it to the next level reservoir for scheduling calculation; Step S22b2, sequentially calculate the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow flow and the reservoir storage capacity of all the cascade reservoirs.

8. A cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficient calculation system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement a method for calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of a cascade reservoir as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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