Photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, system and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, system and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids; scanning an abnormal grid in the power station grid by using an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying infrared equipment, obtaining real-time data of a region corresponding to the abnormal grid, and inputting the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model to obtain a fault classification and a fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid; classifying and transmitting the faults to mobile maintenance equipment; and generating an undirected graph comprising all abnormal grids based on the fault level, solving the undirected graph by using a heuristic algorithm, generating an operation and maintenance route of the mobile maintenance equipment, and executing operation and maintenance route maintenance. According to the invention, power station grids are divided to realize regional monitoring, so that the monitoring efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station is improved; the undirected graph established based on the fault level is solved by using a heuristic algorithm to generate an operation and maintenance route, and the influence of the fault severity on the route decision is considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of operation and maintenance management technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, system, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance refers to the daily management and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations to ensure that the power stations can operate efficiently and stably and maximize power generation efficiency and economic benefits. The operation work covers multiple aspects such as commissioning, monitoring, fault detection and repair, performance optimization and regular maintenance.

[0003] In the related technologies, the operation and maintenance of traditional photovoltaic power stations rely on regular manual inspections and manual checks. This method is inefficient and difficult to detect potential faults in a timely manner. Many faults are not identified in time at the early stages, resulting in further deterioration of the problem and ultimately affecting power generation efficiency. With the continuous expansion of the scale of photovoltaic power stations, traditional management methods have been unable to meet the needs of modern photovoltaic power stations. Based on the above situation, intelligent solutions for the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations have gradually developed; however, in large-scale photovoltaic power stations, photovoltaic arrays are usually composed of thousands or even tens of thousands of photovoltaic modules. It is difficult to accurately locate the fault point through unified monitoring, which increases maintenance time and cost; in addition, the monitoring system needs to plan routes for mobile maintenance equipment, and the existing route planning methods are relatively simple and generally only consider distance factors.

[0004] Based on the above analysis of the development status of this technical field, the existing technology lacks a solution that is based on grid division for monitoring and considers the degree of faults in the process of route planning. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, system, equipment and storage medium, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, comprising:

[0007] Divide the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids;

[0008] Use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, obtain real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, input the real-time data into the pre-established fault judgment model, and obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid;

[0009] Transmit fault classification to mobile maintenance equipment;

[0010] An undirected graph including all abnormal grids is generated based on the fault level, and a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph, generate the operation and maintenance route of the mobile maintenance equipment, and perform maintenance on the operation and maintenance route.

[0011] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system, including:

[0012] A division module, used to divide the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids;

[0013] The fault judgment module is used to use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, obtain real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, input the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model, and obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid;

[0014] A transmission module, used for transmitting the fault classification to the mobile maintenance equipment;

[0015] The route planning module is used to generate an undirected graph including various abnormal grids based on the fault level, use a heuristic algorithm to solve the undirected graph, generate an operation and maintenance route for mobile maintenance equipment, and perform maintenance on the operation and maintenance route.

[0016] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure are implemented.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a program for implementing information transmission is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure are implemented.

[0018] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following beneficial effects: dividing the power station grid to realize regional monitoring, so as to improve the monitoring efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power station; using infrared equipment to scan abnormal grids for preliminary screening, and then further using artificial intelligence methods to determine the specific fault situation, step by step to obtain more accurate monitoring results; using a heuristic algorithm to solve an undirected graph based on the fault level to generate an operation and maintenance route, which indirectly considers the impact of the severity of the fault on the route decision.

[0019] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the Hamiltonian circuit construction of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall operation and maintenance architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the following will be combined with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0027] Method Embodiment

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method is provided, and the method is deployed in an intelligent master control room. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0029] In step S110, the photovoltaic power station plane is divided into power station grids, which specifically includes:

[0030] The area where the photovoltaic power station is located is formed into a plane rectangle by using the filling method;

[0031] Divide the plane rectangle by horizontal and vertical dimensions to form different power station grids of the same scale, and assign unique identifiers to the power station grids;

[0032] Each power station grid includes photovoltaic modules, inverters and combiner boxes, etc. The unique identifier is used to distinguish different power station grids. In the embodiment of the present invention, Roman numerals can be used for sequential numbering without complex coding.

[0033] In large-scale photovoltaic power stations, the grid plane division method can help operation and maintenance personnel locate more quickly and accurately, so as to achieve refined management of each grid area. When a fault occurs in a grid area, grid management can greatly reduce the troubleshooting time and workload.

[0034] In step S120, an infrared device is mounted on a drone to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, and real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid is obtained. The real-time data is input into a pre-established fault judgment model to obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid, which specifically includes:

[0035] Use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan the plane of the photovoltaic power station in real time at preset time intervals, scan the abnormal temperature hotspots through the infrared equipment, and use the power station grid where the abnormal temperature hotspot is located as the abnormal grid obtained by scanning;

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the infrared device refers to an infrared camera. The abnormal temperature hot spots obtained by scanning may be caused by internal short circuit, poor contact, shadow and other reasons. Faults in the photovoltaic power grid can easily cause temperature abnormalities. Therefore, the abnormal grids can be preliminarily determined as areas that need to be paid attention to, and then fault judgment is performed on these areas.

[0037] Fault judgment requires obtaining real-time data including current, voltage, temperature, and environmental parameters in the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, and the fault situation of each abnormal grid is judged independently;

[0038] The real-time data is input into a pre-established fault judgment model, wherein the fault judgment model is a support vector machine for outputting fault classification and fault level. The fault level is divided into severe, general and mild, etc. The fault classification includes but is not limited to internal short circuit, poor contact, shadow obstruction, etc.

[0039] In step S130, the fault classification is transmitted to the mobile maintenance device, which specifically includes:

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mobile maintenance equipment is a transport vehicle;

[0041] The purpose of transmitting the fault classification to the transport vehicle is to analyze the situation and prepare all the equipment required for operation and maintenance or inspection to prevent the transport vehicle from lacking tools after arriving at the fault point. For example, if a single cleaning task is required, it is necessary to equip cleaning tools, water spraying equipment, and special functional cleaning equipment. The special functional cleaning equipment adds corresponding catalytic cleaning agents according to the type of pollutants. If it is for other faults such as photovoltaic panel explosion, hot spots, bubbles, etc., more complex solutions are required.

[0042] In step S140, an undirected graph including all abnormal grids is generated based on the fault level, a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph, an operation and maintenance route of the mobile maintenance equipment is generated, and the operation and maintenance route is inspected, which specifically includes:

[0043] It is necessary to set up an operation and maintenance route to handle all abnormal grids. It is hoped that the total route length of the operation and maintenance route is the shortest, unnecessary detours are avoided, and the fault level can be taken into account.

[0044] The center point of the abnormal grid is taken as the corresponding node;

[0045] Calculate the straight-line distance between nodes in pairs, connect the nodes whose straight-line distance is within the threshold distance as node pairs, and construct all node pairs to obtain the graph structure; if the complete graph is used in path planning, it will increase the extra computing consumption, and in actual work, it is often only moved between more adjacent nodes, so the threshold distance is used to construct the graph structure, that is, for each node, only the nodes close to the node can form a node pair;

[0046] The straight-line distance is marked in the graph structure as the initial weight. If the fault level is severe, the initial weight of the adjacent edge of the node is adjusted using a pre-set percentage factor to obtain an undirected graph;

[0047] For example, if the fault level of node 1 is severe, and node 1 is connected to node 2 and node 8 respectively, if the initial weights and straight-line distances of 1-2 and 1-8 are far, node 1 will be processed later. However, the embodiment of the present invention hopes to process node 1 quickly, so the initial weight is shortened by a percentage factor to indirectly introduce the fault weight, and the node with severe fault level is automatically visited first in the subsequent heuristic algorithm.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the percentage factor is 80%.

[0049] Use the Christofides algorithm to solve the undirected graph and obtain the Hamiltonian circuit. The Christofides algorithm is an approximate algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem. The specific solution process includes:

[0050] Construct a minimum spanning tree based on an undirected graph. An undirected graph is a weighted graph, so the Kruskal algorithm or Prim algorithm can be used to generate a minimum spanning tree. A minimum spanning tree is a graph that connects all nodes and has the smallest sum of all edge weights.

[0051] In the minimum spanning tree, select nodes with odd degrees as nodes to be constructed. According to the handshake theorem, the number of nodes with odd degrees in any graph must be even. Establish the minimum weight matching of the nodes to be constructed. The minimum weight matching refers to the complete matching with the smallest total length of connecting edges. Every two structures to be constructed form a matching edge.

[0052] Merge the edges of the minimum weight matching and the minimum spanning tree to form an Euler multigraph;

[0053] Based on the Euler multigraph, the Euler circuit can be directly constructed, but the direction is set in the Euler circuit, and the graph structures of the two are the same; delete the repeated nodes in the Euler circuit, skip the repeated nodes when traversing, and get the Hamiltonian circuit;

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the Hamiltonian circuit construction of the embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the complete process of constructing the Hamiltonian circuit is demonstrated. The nodes with odd degrees in the minimum spanning tree are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

[0055] Any node in the Hamiltonian loop can be used as the starting point. In order to make the mobile maintenance equipment return to the main station quickly, the node closest to the equipment main station is set as the starting point of the operation and maintenance route in the Hamiltonian loop. The Hamiltonian loop is traversed from the starting point to generate the operation and maintenance route.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, if the starting point is 3, the operation and maintenance route is 3->4->5->6->7->8->1->2->3;

[0057] Preferably, for uninhabited areas, large spans and offshore projects, in order to avoid cruising difficulties caused by long-term and harsh outdoor operations, a support area, i.e. a large lithium battery charging area, is set up near the operation and maintenance route to provide real-time charging and endurance functions.

[0058] The above technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are illustrated with reference to the following drawings.

[0059] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall operation and maintenance architecture of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the complete design framework of the method is demonstrated. The photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method is deployed in the general control and has the functions of infrared detection, fault judgment, route planning, operation and maintenance detection and on-the-way guarantee. It is a fully functional integrated operation and maintenance solution.

[0060] In summary, in response to the existing problems, this invention proposes a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, which divides the power station grid to achieve regional monitoring to improve the monitoring efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power station; considering that faults in the photovoltaic power grid can easily cause temperature anomalies, infrared equipment is used to scan abnormal grids to achieve preliminary screening, and then artificial intelligence methods are further used to determine the specific fault situation, including fault classification and fault level, step by step to obtain more accurate monitoring results; fault classification is used to equip mobile maintenance equipment with all the equipment required for operation and maintenance or inspection to prevent tools from being found missing on the road; based on the fault level, an undirected graph including all abnormal grid nodes is established, and the weights of the edges in the undirected graph are adjusted using the fault level, so that the subsequent heuristic algorithm automatically tends to visit the nodes with serious fault levels first; the Christofides algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph to obtain a Hamiltonian circuit, and the operation and maintenance route is abstracted as a traveling salesman problem, so as to quickly and effectively obtain an operation and maintenance route that can meet actual needs; in addition, a guarantee area is set to avoid problems such as endurance failures in mobile maintenance equipment; overall, it is a fully functional photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance solution.

[0061] System Example

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system is provided, wherein the system deploys multiple ports to implement different functions. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0063] The division module 40 is used to divide the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids, specifically for:

[0064] The area where the photovoltaic power station is located is formed into a plane rectangle by using the filling method;

[0065] The plane rectangle is divided into horizontal and vertical dimensions to form different power station grids of the same scale, and a unique identifier is assigned to the power station grid.

[0066] The fault judgment module 42 is used to use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, obtain real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, input the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model, and obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid, which is specifically used for:

[0067] Use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan the plane of the photovoltaic power station in real time at preset time intervals, scan the abnormal temperature hotspots through the infrared equipment, and use the power station grid where the abnormal temperature hotspot is located as the abnormal grid obtained by the scan.

[0068] Obtain real-time data including current, voltage, temperature and environmental parameters in the area corresponding to the abnormal grid;

[0069] The real-time data is input into a pre-established fault judgment model, wherein the fault judgment model is a support vector machine for outputting fault classification and fault level.

[0070] A transmission module 44, used for transmitting the fault classification to the mobile maintenance equipment;

[0071] The route planning module 46 is used to generate an undirected graph including all abnormal grids based on the fault level, solve the undirected graph using a heuristic algorithm, generate an operation and maintenance route for the mobile maintenance equipment, and perform maintenance on the operation and maintenance route, specifically for:

[0072] The center point of the abnormal grid is taken as the corresponding node;

[0073] Calculate the straight-line distance between nodes pair by pair, connect the nodes whose straight-line distance is within the threshold distance as node pairs, and construct all node pairs to obtain the graph structure;

[0074] The straight-line distance is marked in the graph structure as the initial weight. If the fault level is severe, the initial weight of the adjacent edge of the node is adjusted using a pre-set percentage factor to obtain an undirected graph.

[0075] The Christofides algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph and obtain the Hamiltonian circuit. The node closest to the equipment main site is set as the starting point of the operation and maintenance route in the Hamiltonian circuit. The Hamiltonian circuit is traversed from the starting point to generate the operation and maintenance route.

[0076] Using the Christofides algorithm to solve the undirected graph, the Hamiltonian circuit includes:

[0077] Construct a minimum spanning tree based on an undirected graph;

[0078] Nodes with odd degrees are selected in the minimum spanning tree as nodes to be constructed, the minimum weight matching of the nodes to be constructed is established, and the edges of the minimum weight matching and the minimum spanning tree are merged to form an Euler multigraph;

[0079] The Euler circuit is constructed based on the Euler multigraph, and the repeated nodes in the Euler circuit are deleted to obtain the Hamiltonian circuit.

[0080] In summary, in response to the existing problems, this invention has invented a photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system, which divides the power station grid to achieve regional monitoring to improve the monitoring efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power station; considering that faults in the photovoltaic power grid can easily cause temperature anomalies, infrared equipment is used to scan abnormal grids to achieve preliminary screening, and then artificial intelligence methods are further used to determine the specific fault situation, including fault classification and fault level, step by step to obtain more accurate monitoring results; fault classification is used to equip mobile maintenance equipment with all the equipment required for operation and maintenance or inspection to prevent tools from being found missing on the road; based on the fault level, an undirected graph including all abnormal grid nodes is established, and the weights of the edges in the undirected graph are adjusted using the fault level, so that the subsequent heuristic algorithm automatically tends to visit the nodes with serious fault levels first; the Christofides algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph to obtain a Hamiltonian circuit, and the operation and maintenance route is abstracted as a traveling salesman problem, so as to quickly and effectively obtain an operation and maintenance route that can meet actual needs; in addition, a guarantee area is set to avoid problems such as endurance failures in mobile maintenance equipment; overall, it is a fully functional photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance solution.

[0081] Electronic device embodiment

[0082] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 500 may include at least one processor 510 and a memory 520. The processor 510 may execute instructions stored in the memory 520. The processor 510 is connected to the memory 520 through a data bus. In addition to the memory 520, the processor 510 may also be connected to an input device 530, an output device 540, and a communication device 550 through a data bus.

[0083] The processor 510 may be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available CPU. The processor may also include a graphics processor (Graphic Process Unit, GPU), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), a system on chip (System on Chip, SOC), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) or a combination thereof.

[0084] The memory 520 may be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, executable instructions are stored in the memory 520, and the processor 510 can read the executable instructions from the memory 520 and execute the instructions to implement all or part of the steps of any photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method in the above exemplary embodiments.

[0086] Computer Readable Storage Medium Embodiments

[0087] In addition to the above-mentioned methods and devices, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer program product or a computer-readable storage medium storing the computer program product. The computer product includes computer program instructions, which can be executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps described in any of the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance methods in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments.

[0088] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to write program codes for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, etc., and also conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" language or similar programming languages ​​and scripting languages ​​(e.g., Python). The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user computing device, as an independent software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0089] Computer readable storage media can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can include, for example, but is not limited to, a system, device or device of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of readable storage media include: a static random access memory (SRAM) with one or more wires electrically connected, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method, characterized in that: include: Divide the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids; Use a drone equipped with infrared equipment to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, obtain real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, input the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model, and obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid; transmitting the fault classification to a mobile maintenance device; An undirected graph including all abnormal grids is generated based on the fault level, a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the undirected graph, an operation and maintenance route of the mobile maintenance equipment is generated, and maintenance of the operation and maintenance route is performed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of dividing the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids specifically includes: The area where the photovoltaic power station is located is formed into a plane rectangle by using the filling method; The plane rectangle is divided into horizontal and vertical dimensions to form different power station grids of the same scale, and unique identifiers are assigned to the power station grids.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of using a drone equipped with an infrared device to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid specifically includes: An infrared device is mounted on a drone to scan the plane of the photovoltaic power station in real time at preset time intervals, and abnormal temperature hot spots are scanned by the infrared device, and the power station grid where the abnormal temperature hot spots are located is used as the abnormal grid obtained by the scan.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of acquiring real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, inputting the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model, and obtaining the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid specifically includes: Obtain real-time data including current, voltage, temperature and environmental parameters in the area corresponding to the abnormal grid; The real-time data is input into a pre-established fault judgment model, wherein the fault judgment model is a support vector machine for outputting fault classification and fault level.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The generating of an undirected graph including all abnormal grids based on the fault level specifically includes: The center point of the abnormal grid is taken as the corresponding node; Calculating the straight-line distance between the nodes pair by pair, connecting the nodes whose straight-line distance is within a threshold distance as node pairs, and constructing all the node pairs to obtain a graph structure; The straight-line distance is marked in the graph structure as the initial weight. If the fault level is severe, a preset percentage factor is used to adjust the initial weight of the adjacent edge of the node to obtain the undirected graph.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of using a heuristic algorithm to solve the undirected graph and generate an operation and maintenance route for the mobile maintenance equipment specifically includes: The undirected graph is solved using the Christofides algorithm to obtain a Hamiltonian circuit, in which a node closest to the equipment main site is set as the starting point of the operation and maintenance route, and the Hamiltonian circuit is traversed from the starting point to generate the operation and maintenance route.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The use of the Christofides algorithm to solve the undirected graph to obtain a Hamiltonian circuit specifically includes: Constructing a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected graph; Filter nodes with odd degrees in the minimum spanning tree as nodes to be constructed, establish minimum weight matching of the nodes to be constructed, and merge the minimum weight matching and the edges of the minimum spanning tree to form an Euler multigraph; An Euler circuit is constructed based on the Euler multigraph, and repeated nodes in the Euler circuit are deleted to obtain the Hamiltonian circuit.

8. A photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance system, characterized in that: include: A division module, used to divide the photovoltaic power station plane into power station grids; A fault judgment module is used to use an infrared device carried by a drone to scan abnormal grids in the power station grid, obtain real-time data of the area corresponding to the abnormal grid, input the real-time data into a pre-established fault judgment model, and obtain the fault classification and fault level corresponding to the abnormal grid; A transmission module, used for transmitting the fault classification to a mobile maintenance device; A route planning module is used to generate an undirected graph including all abnormal grids based on the fault level, solve the undirected graph using a heuristic algorithm, generate an operation and maintenance route for the mobile maintenance equipment, and perform maintenance on the operation and maintenance route.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores an implementation program for information transmission, and when the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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