Ultra-wideband tight coupling metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristic

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and provides an ultra-wideband tight coupling metal dipole antenna array with a wave trapping characteristic, which comprises a tight coupling metal dipole array positioned at the lower part and a planar wave absorbing structure positioned at the upper part, the tight coupling metal dipole array comprises M * N metal dipole units, the planar wave absorbing structure comprises M * N planar wave absorbing units, and each metal dipole unit comprises a left gradual change type dipole arm, a right gradual change type dipole arm, a left coupling metal piece, a right coupling metal piece, a feed printed board, a planar metal floor and a feed coaxial line; the planar wave absorbing unit comprises a supporting dielectric sheet, a planar dielectric substrate and printed patch layers, and the printed patch layers are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the planar dielectric substrate. And the central frequency point and the bandwidth of the notch frequency band can be adjusted by changing the electrical length and the rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic field and microwave technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics, which is mainly used in wireless communication scenarios such as ultra-wideband, wide-angle scanning and notch. Background Art

[0002] With the integrated development of wireless communication systems, the space for antenna arrangement is becoming increasingly limited. Ultra-wideband antennas can cover multiple frequency bands in a limited design space and avoid electromagnetic interference between multiple types of antennas. Tightly coupled dipole antenna arrays use the coupling effect between adjacent antenna units to form a continuous current distribution, which can broaden the working bandwidth. In order to enhance the coupling effect, tightly coupled array units usually need to be miniaturized to make adjacent units more closely arranged, which is conducive to improving the wide-angle scanning performance of the array.

[0003] When the operating frequency band of an ultra-wideband wireless communication system overlaps with the operating frequency band of an existing narrowband system, signals will interfere with each other. Adding a filter at the back end of the antenna system can suppress interference, but the filter will increase the complexity of the system link, which is not conducive to integrated design. Designing an antenna with a notch feature can suppress interference without increasing the complexity of the system. Currently, methods for realizing the antenna notch function include slotting, adding resonant structures, and introducing parasitic structures. However, some notch designs will affect the performance of other normal operating frequency bands, and some designs have the disadvantage of complex simulation and debugging processes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to design an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics in view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, so that the antenna array can realize the notch function while having ultra-wideband working characteristics. Due to the miniaturized design of the unit, the antenna array can be used for wide-band and wide-angle scanning design. The antenna array realizes the notch characteristic by loading a planar absorbing structure. The center frequency and bandwidth of the notch frequency band can be adjusted by changing the electrical length and rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer, so that the simulation debugging process is simplified.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notched characteristics comprises a tightly coupled metal dipole array located at the bottom and a planar absorbing structure located at the top; the tightly coupled metal dipole array comprises M × N metal dipole units 1, and the planar absorbing structure comprises M × N planar absorbing units 2; wherein, The metal dipole unit 1 comprises a left tapered dipole arm 11, a right tapered dipole arm 12, a left coupling metal piece 13, a right coupling metal piece 14, a feed printed board 15, a planar metal floor 16 and a feed coaxial line 17; the left tapered dipole arm 11 and the right tapered dipole arm 12 are respectively located above the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 to form a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16 attached to the feed printed board 15 through slots on the feed printed board 15, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feed coaxial line 17 are respectively electrically connected to the feed printed board 15 and the planar metal floor 16; The planar absorbing unit 2 is located above the metal dipole unit 1, and includes a supporting dielectric sheet 21, a planar dielectric substrate 22 and a printed patch layer 23. The printed patch layer 23 is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the planar dielectric substrate 22 is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet 21 and placed above the metal dipole unit 1.

[0006] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the left tapered dipole arm 11 includes a left tapered metal sheet 111, a left L-shaped metal sheet 112, a left grounding metal sheet 113 and a tapered feeding metal sheet 114; the right tapered dipole arm 12 includes a right tapered metal sheet 121, a right L-shaped metal sheet 122, a right first grounding metal sheet 123 and a right second grounding metal sheet 124; wherein, The projections of the left gradient metal sheet 111 and the right gradient metal sheet 121 on the horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side and two arcs, and the right gradient metal sheet 121 is in a mirror-symmetric relationship with the left gradient metal sheet 111; The left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on one side of the long side of the left gradient metal sheet 111 , and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on one side of the long side of the right gradient metal sheet 121 , and is in a mirror-symmetric relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 ; The left grounding metal sheet 113 and the right first grounding metal sheet 123 are vertically placed concave structures and are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship; the gradient feeding metal sheet 114 includes a vertically placed gradient metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, and its upper end is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the left gradient metal sheet 111; the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is a vertically placed rectangular metal sheet structure, and its upper end is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the right gradient metal sheet 121.

[0007] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the left coupling metal member 13 includes a left coupling metal sheet 131, a first left semicircular support column 132, and a second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal member 14 includes a right coupling metal sheet 141, a first right semicircular support column 142, and a second right semicircular support column 143; wherein, The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure, located above the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal sheet 141 is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 respectively; The left coupling metal sheet 131 in the metal dipole unit 1 is electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141 of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal sheet; the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 of the adjacent unit respectively to form two circular support columns.

[0008] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the feed printed board 15 includes a square dielectric substrate 151 and a printed feed line 152; the flat metal floor 16 is a square structure, located below the feed printed board 15 and closely attached; The square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with a left rectangular through slot 1511, a first right rectangular through slot 1512, a second right rectangular through slot 1513, a first left semicircular through hole 1514, a second left semicircular through hole 1515, a first right semicircular through hole 1516 and a second right semicircular through hole 1517; a printed feed line 152 is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate 151, and one end thereof close to the center of the unit is electrically connected to the lower end of the gradient feed metal sheet 114; The upper end of the left grounding metal sheet 113 is electrically connected to the left gradient metal sheet 111 and the left L-shaped metal sheet 112, and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through slot 1511 and is electrically connected to the flat metal floor 16; the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet 123 is electrically connected to the right gradient metal sheet 121 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122, and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through slot 1512 and is electrically connected to the flat metal floor 16, and it is mirror-symmetrical with the left grounding metal sheet 113.

[0009] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the lower ends respectively pass through the first left semicircular through hole 1514 and the second left semicircular through hole 1515 and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16; The upper ends of the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141 , and the lower ends respectively pass through the first right semicircular through hole 1516 and the second right semicircular through hole 1517 and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16 .

[0010] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the supporting dielectric sheet 21 includes a left dielectric sheet 211 and a right dielectric sheet 212, which are respectively located above the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122; and the left and right ends of the planar dielectric substrate 22 are respectively supported by the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212.

[0011] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the planar metal floor 16 is provided with an external feeding through hole, and the square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with an internal feeding through hole; the inner conductor of the feeding coaxial line passes through the inner feeding through hole and is electrically connected to an end of the printed feeding line 152 close to the outside of the unit, and the outer conductor passes through the external feeding through hole and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16.

[0012] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the printed patch layer 23 includes a bent printed patch 231, a left rectangular printed patch 232 and a right rectangular printed patch 233; The bent printed patch 231 includes a left arm and a right arm; the left arm includes an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch respectively printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22; the upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected through a metallized through hole opened on the planar dielectric substrate 22; the right arm and the left arm of the bent printed patch 231 are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship, and the two are electrically connected through a patch resistor; The left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch 231; The included angle between the long sides of the bent printed patch 231 , the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 and the positive direction of the unit x-axis is α, and the value range of the included angle α is −90° to 90°.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following technical effects: The invention has ultra-wideband working characteristics and can realize the trap function. The metal dipole unit of the designed ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array adopts a tightly coupled design, which enhances the mutual coupling between adjacent units and expands the working bandwidth of the unit. The radiation arm and feeding structure of the dipole unit adopt a gradual design, which is conducive to impedance matching. The tightly coupled dipole units enable miniaturization, reduce the period size, and make the units more compact, so that the antenna array can be used for wide-angle scanning design; By loading planar absorbing units, the tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array can achieve notch characteristics, and the center frequency of the notch band can be adjusted by changing the electrical length of the patch in the printed patch layer, and the bandwidth of the notch band can be adjusted by changing the rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiment: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional decomposition schematic diagram of a unit of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of structural parameters of the left gradient metal sheet and the gradient feeding metal sheet of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of structural parameters of a tapered dipole arm and a coupling metal member according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of structural parameters of a feed printed circuit board and a flat metal floor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of structural parameters of a planar absorbing unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 VSWR curves of the units of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention under periodic boundary conditions; Figure 8 The voltage standing wave ratio curve diagram of the central unit of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig. 9 The maximum gain of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 of the present invention varies with the frequency; Fig.10 a and Fig.10 b are the radiation patterns of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention at a frequency of 1.2 GHz.

[0015] Fig.11 a and Fig.11 b are the radiation patterns of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention at a frequency of 1.9 GHz.

[0016] Fig.12 a and Fig.12 b are the radiation patterns of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention at a frequency of 2.4 GHz.

[0017] Description of Reference Numerals 1: metal dipole unit; 11: left gradient dipole arm; 111: left gradient metal sheet; 112: left L-shaped metal sheet; 113: left grounding metal sheet; 114: gradient feeding metal sheet; 12: right gradient dipole arm; 121: right gradient metal sheet; 122: right L-shaped metal sheet; 123: right first grounding metal sheet; 124: right second grounding metal sheet; 13: left coupling metal piece; 131: left coupling metal sheet; 132: first left semicircular support column; 133: second left semicircular support column; 14: right coupling Metal parts; 141: right coupling metal sheet; 142: first right semicircular support column; 143: second right semicircular support column; 15: feed printed board; 151: square dielectric substrate; 1511: left rectangular through slot; 1512: first right rectangular through slot; 1513: second right rectangular through slot; 1514: first left semicircular through hole; 1515: second left semicircular through hole; 1516: first right semicircular through hole; 1517: second right semicircular through hole; 152: printed feed line; 16: flat metal floor; 17: feed coaxial line; 2: Planar absorbing unit; 21: supporting dielectric sheet; 211: left dielectric sheet; 212: right dielectric sheet; 22: planar dielectric substrate; 23: printed patch layer; 231: bent printed patch; 232: left rectangular printed patch; 233: right rectangular printed patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following Figures 1 to 6 , the specific embodiments and effects of the present invention are further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention has ultra-wideband working characteristics and can realize notch function. Figure 1 , Embodiment 1 includes a tightly coupled metal dipole array located at the bottom and a planar absorbing structure located at the top; the tightly coupled metal dipole array includes M × N metal dipole units 1, and the planar absorbing structure includes M × N planar absorbing units 2; in this embodiment, M and N are both set to 8, such as 8 × 8 metal dipole units 1 and 8 × 8 planar absorbing units 2, wherein, Reference Figure 2The metal dipole unit 1 comprises a left tapered dipole arm 11, a right tapered dipole arm 12, a left coupling metal piece 13, a right coupling metal piece 14, a feed printed board 15, a planar metal floor 16 and a feed coaxial line 17; the left tapered dipole arm 11 and the right tapered dipole arm 12 are respectively located above the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 to form a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16 attached to the feed printed board 15 through the slots on the feed printed board 15, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feed coaxial line 17 are respectively electrically connected to the feed printed board 15 and the planar metal floor 16; The planar absorbing unit 2 is located above the metal dipole unit 1, and includes a supporting dielectric sheet 21, a planar dielectric substrate 22 and a printed patch layer 23. The printed patch layer 23 is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the planar dielectric substrate 22 is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet 21 and placed above the metal dipole unit 1.

[0020] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the left tapered dipole arm 11 includes a left tapered metal sheet 111, a left L-shaped metal sheet 112, a left grounding metal sheet 113 and a tapered feeding metal sheet 114; the right tapered dipole arm 12 includes a right tapered metal sheet 121, a right L-shaped metal sheet 122, a right first grounding metal sheet 123 and a right second grounding metal sheet 124; wherein, The projections of the left gradient metal sheet 111 and the right gradient metal sheet 121 on the horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side and two arcs, and the right gradient metal sheet 121 is in a mirror-symmetric relationship with the left gradient metal sheet 111; The left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on one side of the long side of the left gradient metal sheet 111 , and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on one side of the long side of the right gradient metal sheet 121 , and is in a mirror-symmetric relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 ; The left grounding metal sheet 113 and the right first grounding metal sheet 123 are vertically placed concave structures and are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship; the gradient feeding metal sheet 114 includes a vertically placed gradient metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, and its upper end is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the left gradient metal sheet 111; the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is a vertically placed rectangular metal sheet structure, and its upper end is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the right gradient metal sheet 121.

[0021] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the left coupling metal member 13 includes a left coupling metal sheet 131, a first left semicircular support column 132, and a second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal member 14 includes a right coupling metal sheet 141, a first right semicircular support column 142, and a second right semicircular support column 143; wherein, The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure, located above the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal sheet 141 is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 respectively; The left coupling metal sheet 131 in the metal dipole unit 1 is electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141 of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal sheet; the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 of the adjacent unit respectively to form two circular support columns.

[0022] Reference Figure 3 , the left gradient metal sheet 111 is xoy The projection on the surface consists of the long side, the short side and C 1 , C 2 It is surrounded by two arc lines with mirror symmetry, and its thickness t a1 is 2.0 mm, where the length of the long side l a1 Approximately 56.0 mm, the length of the short side s a1 About 15.145 mm, uv In the coordinate system, the arc line C 1 The equation is v = a 1 × exp( p 1 × u ) + q 1 × u + v 0 ;in, a 1 = 0.002, p 1 = 80, q 1 = 0.01, v 0 = 0.005, u The value range is c 1 ~ c 2 ,in, c 1 = 0.003,c 2 = c 1 + h a1 = 0.030363, parameters u , v The unit is meter; the right gradient metal sheet 121 and the left gradient metal sheet 111 are in a mirror-symmetric relationship; The gradient feeding metal sheet 114 includes a vertical gradient metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, the upper end of which is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the left gradient metal sheet 111; yoz The projection on the surface consists of the long side, the short side and C 3 , C 4 It is surrounded by two arc lines with mirror symmetry, and its thickness t a2 is 2.0 mm, where the length of the long side l a2 Approximately 14.373 mm, the length of the short side s a2 It is about 2.9212 mm. mn In the coordinate system, the arc line C 3 The equation is n = a 2 × exp( p 2 × m ) + q 2 × m + m 0 ;in, a 2 = 0.0002, p 2 = 100, q 2 = 0.04, m 0 =0.001, m The value range is c 3 ~ c 4 ,in, c 3 = 0.004032, c 3 = c 4 + h a2= 0.032, parameters m , n The unit is meter; the length of the metal base l a3 3.2 mm wide t a3 2.4 mm, high h a3 2.0 mm; Reference Figure 4 The left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on the long side of the left gradient metal sheet 111, and its length l b1 The horizontal width is 56.0 mm. w b1 The height of the longitudinal part is 6.637 mm h b1 5.0 mm, the thickness of the longitudinal part t b1 The right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on the long side of the right gradient metal sheet 121, and is mirror-symmetrical with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112; The left grounding metal sheet 113 is a vertically placed concave structure with a height of h b2 32.0 mm, width w b2 20.0mm, thickness t b2 The height of the concave part is 4.0 mm. h b3 26.0 mm, width w b3 20.0 mm, depth t b3 The right first grounding metal sheet 123 is also a vertically placed concave structure, which is mirror-symmetrical with the left grounding metal sheet 113. The right second grounding metal sheet 124 is located on the short side of the right gradient metal sheet 121, and its height is h b4 32.0 mm, width w b4 15.0 mm, thickness t b4 is 2.0 mm.

[0023] The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure, which is located above the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133. l m = 64.0 mm, width wm =5.0 mm, thickness t m = 2.0 mm, the height of the two semicircular support columns is h m = 28.0 mm, the radius is r m = 3.0mm; The right coupling metal sheet 141 is mirror-symmetrical to the left coupling metal sheet 131 , and the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are mirror-symmetrical to the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 , respectively.

[0024] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the feed printed board 15 includes a square dielectric substrate 151 and a printed feed line 152; the flat metal floor 16 is a square structure, located below the feed printed board 15 and closely attached; Reference Figure 5 The square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with a left rectangular through slot 1511, a first right rectangular through slot 1512, a second right rectangular through slot 1513, a first left semicircular through hole 1514, a second left semicircular through hole 1515, a first right semicircular through hole 1516 and a second right semicircular through hole 1517; a printed feed line 152 is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate 151, and one end thereof close to the center of the unit is electrically connected to the lower end of the gradient feed metal sheet 114; the printed feed line 152 is formed by four feed lines connected in sequence, and the lengths of the four feed lines are l f1 = 11.0 mm, l f2 = 19.75 mm, l f3 = 3.75 mm, l f4 = 3.8mm, the width is w f1 = 4.5 mm, w f2 = 2.5 mm, w f3 = 2.5 mm, w f4 = 3.0 mm, the printed feed line 152 has a triangular cut corner at the corner, and the length of the right angle side of the triangle is 1.2 mm; the lengths of the square dielectric substrate 151 and the flat metal floor 16 are both p x = 80.0 mm, width is p y= 80.0 mm, wherein the thickness of the square dielectric substrate 151 is 2.032 mm, the relative dielectric constant of the material used is 2.94, and the thickness of the planar metal floor 16 is 0.2 mm.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 2 The upper end of the left grounding metal sheet 113 is electrically connected to the left gradient metal sheet 111 and the left L-shaped metal sheet 112, and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through slot 1511 and is electrically connected to the plane metal floor 16; the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet 123 is electrically connected to the right gradient metal sheet 121 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122, and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through slot 1512 and is electrically connected to the plane metal floor 16, which is mirror-symmetrical with the left grounding metal sheet 113.

[0026] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the lower ends respectively pass through the first left semicircular through hole 1514 and the second left semicircular through hole 1515 and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16; The upper ends of the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141 , and the lower ends respectively pass through the first right semicircular through hole 1516 and the second right semicircular through hole 1517 and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16 .

[0027] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the supporting dielectric sheet 21 includes a left dielectric sheet 211 and a right dielectric sheet 212, which are respectively located above the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122; and the left and right ends of the planar dielectric substrate 22 are respectively supported by the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212.

[0028] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the planar metal floor 16 is provided with an external feed through hole, and the square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with an internal feed through hole; the inner conductor of the feed coaxial line passes through the internal feed through hole and is electrically connected to an end of the printed feed line 152 close to the outer side of the unit, and the outer conductor passes through the external feed through hole and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16, and the distance between the center of the feed coaxial line and the edge of the planar metal floor 16 is d f is 10.0 mm.

[0029] Reference Figure 6 The lengths of the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212 are l s1 = 56.0 mm, width is w s1 = 3.0 mm, thickness is t s1= 4.0 mm, the relative dielectric constant of the materials used for both is 2.1; the length of the planar dielectric substrate 22 l s2 74.0 mm, width w s2 56.0 mm, thickness t s2 It is 1.016 mm, and the relative dielectric constant of the material used is 2.2; Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the printed patch layer 23 includes a bent printed patch 231, a left rectangular printed patch 232 and a right rectangular printed patch 233; The bent printed patch 231 includes a left arm and a right arm; the left arm includes an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch respectively printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the length of the upper rectangular printed patch is l p1 25.75 mm, width w p1 3.2 mm, the length of the lower rectangular printed patch l p2 24.0 mm, width w p2 The upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected through a metallized through hole opened on the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the diameter of the through hole is 2.0 mm; the right arm and the left arm of the bent printed patch 231 are mirror-symmetrical, and the two are electrically connected through a patch resistor; The left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch 231; The long sides of the bent printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are aligned with the unit x The angle of the positive axis is α , the angle α The value range is from –90° to 90°.

[0030] Specifically, the three-axis right-handed coordinate system in this embodiment takes the geometric center of the antenna array or a specific reference point as the origin. y The axis is parallel to the long side of the left gradient metal sheet 111, x Axis perpendicular to y Axis, and points from the left gradient metal sheet 111 to the right gradient metal sheet 121, both of which are parallel to the plane where the planar metal floor 16 is located, z The axis is perpendicular to the plane where the flat metal floor 16 is located. The total length of the bent printed patch 231 l pThe left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the lengths of both are l p3 = 28.0 mm, width is w p3 = 3.0mm, and the two are located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch 231, and the distance between the two is d p = 15.0 mm; the long sides of the bent printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are x The angle of the positive axis is α , the angle α The value is 60°.

[0031] Example 2 In this embodiment, the long sides of the bent printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are aligned with x The angle of the positive axis is α The value of is 90°, and other parameters remain unchanged.

[0032] The effect of the present invention can be further illustrated by the following simulation: Simulation content: Simulation 1: Under periodic boundary conditions, when the frequency is 0.9-3.0 GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the unit of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention is simulated. The results are as follows: Figure 7 The results show that when α When the value of is 60°, the VSWR of the unit is less than 2.0 in the frequency ranges of 1.0~1.8 GHz and 2.0~2.45 GHz, and a notch characteristic appears in the frequency range of 1.8~2.0 GHz; when α When the value of is 90°, the VSWR of the unit is less than 2.0 in the frequency range of 1.0~2.45 GHz.

[0033] Simulation 2, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the central unit of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention is simulated, and the results are as follows: Figure 8 The results show that the VSWR of the unit in Example 1 is less than 2.0 in the frequency ranges of 1.15 ~1.8 GHz and 2.05~2.45 GHz, and a notch characteristic appears in the frequency range of 1.8~2.05 GHz; the VSWR of the unit in Example 2 is less than 2.0 in the frequency range of 1.1~2.5 GHz.

[0034] Simulation 3, the maximum gain variation curves of the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention with respect to frequency are simulated, and the results are as follows: Fig. 9 The results show that Example 1 has a notch characteristic in the frequency range of 1.8~2.1 GHz, and the gain decreases significantly, while Example 2 does not have a notch characteristic, indicating that the notch characteristic of the array is related to the rotation angle. α Related.

[0035] Simulation 4, the main polarization of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention at 1.2 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Fig.10 a and Fig.10 As shown in FIG. 2 , from the simulation results, it can be obtained that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 18.9 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 18.9 dBi.

[0036] Simulation 5, the main polarization of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention at 1.9 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Fig.11 a and Fig.11 As shown in FIG. 2 , from the simulation results, it can be obtained that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 16.9 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 22.7 dBi.

[0037] Simulation 6, the main polarization of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention at 2.4 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Fig.12 a and Fig.12 As shown in FIG. 2 , from the simulation results, it can be obtained that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 24.5 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 24.7 dBi.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics, characterized in that: It comprises a tightly coupled metal dipole array located at the bottom and a planar wave absorbing structure located at the top; the tightly coupled metal dipole array comprises M×N metal dipole units (1), and the planar wave absorbing structure comprises M×N planar wave absorbing units (2); wherein, The metal dipole unit (1) comprises a left tapered dipole arm (11), a right tapered dipole arm (12), a left coupling metal piece (13), a right coupling metal piece (14), a feed printed board (15), a planar metal floor (16) and a feed coaxial line (17); the left tapered dipole arm (11) and the right tapered dipole arm (12) are respectively located above the left coupling metal piece (13) and the right coupling metal piece (14) to form a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece (13) and the right coupling metal piece (14) are electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16) attached to the feed printed board (15) through slots on the feed printed board (15); the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feed coaxial line (17) are respectively electrically connected to the feed printed board (15) and the planar metal floor (16); The planar absorbing unit (2) is located above the metal dipole unit (1), and comprises a supporting dielectric sheet (21), a planar dielectric substrate (22), and a printed patch layer (23); the printed patch layer (23) is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate (22); and the planar dielectric substrate (22) is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet (21) and is placed above the metal dipole unit (1).

2. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left gradient dipole arm (11) comprises a left gradient metal sheet (111), a left L-shaped metal sheet (112), a left grounding metal sheet (113) and a gradient feeding metal sheet (114); the right gradient dipole arm (12) comprises a right gradient metal sheet (121), a right L-shaped metal sheet (122), a right first grounding metal sheet (123) and a right second grounding metal sheet (124); wherein: The projections of the left gradient metal sheet (111) and the right gradient metal sheet (121) on a horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side and two arcs, and the right gradient metal sheet (121) and the left gradient metal sheet (111) are in a mirror-symmetric relationship; The left L-shaped metal sheet (112) is located on one side of the long side of the left gradient metal sheet (111), and the right L-shaped metal sheet (122) is located on one side of the long side of the right gradient metal sheet (121) and is in a mirror-symmetric relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet (112); The left grounding metal sheet (113) and the right first grounding metal sheet (123) are vertically placed concave structures and are in the mirror symmetric relationship; the gradient feeding metal sheet (114) comprises, from top to bottom, a vertically placed gradient metal sheet and a metal base, the upper end of which is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the left gradient metal sheet (111); the right second grounding metal sheet (124) is a vertically placed rectangular metal sheet structure, the upper end of which is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the right gradient metal sheet (121).

3. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left coupling metal piece (13) comprises a left coupling metal sheet (131), a first left semicircular support column (132), and a second left semicircular support column (133); the right coupling metal piece (14) comprises a right coupling metal sheet (141), a first right semicircular support column (142), and a second right semicircular support column (143); wherein: The left coupling metal sheet (131) is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure, located above the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133); the right coupling metal sheet (141) is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left coupling metal sheet (131), and the first right semicircular support column (142) and the second right semicircular support column (143) are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133), respectively; The left coupling metal sheet (131) in the metal dipole unit (1) is electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet (141) of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal sheet; the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133) are respectively electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column (142) and the second right semicircular support column (143) of the adjacent unit to form two circular support columns.

4. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed printed board (15) comprises a square dielectric substrate (151) and a printed feed line (152); the planar metal floor (16) is a square structure, and is located below and closely attached to the feed printed board (15); The square dielectric substrate (151) is provided with a left rectangular through slot (1511), a first right rectangular through slot (1512), a second right rectangular through slot (1513), a first left semicircular through hole (1514), a second left semicircular through hole (1515), a first right semicircular through hole (1516) and a second right semicircular through hole (1517); the printed feed line (152) is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate (151), and one end of the printed feed line close to the center of the unit is electrically connected to the lower end of the gradient feed metal sheet (114); The upper end of the left grounding metal sheet (113) is electrically connected to the left gradient metal sheet (111) and the left L-shaped metal sheet (112), and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through slot (1511) and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16); the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet (123) is electrically connected to the right gradient metal sheet (121) and the right L-shaped metal sheet (122), and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through slot (1512) and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16), and it is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left grounding metal sheet (113).

5. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The upper ends of the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133) are electrically connected to the left coupling metal sheet (131), and the lower ends respectively pass through the first left semicircular through hole (1514) and the second left semicircular through hole (1515) and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16); The upper ends of the first right semicircular support column (142) and the second right semicircular support column (143) are electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet (141), and the lower ends respectively pass through the first right semicircular through hole (1516) and the second right semicircular through hole (1517) and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16).

6. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting dielectric sheet (21) comprises a left dielectric sheet (211) and a right dielectric sheet (212), which are respectively located above the left L-shaped metal sheet (112) and the right L-shaped metal sheet (122); and the left and right ends of the planar dielectric substrate (22) are respectively supported by the left dielectric sheet (211) and the right dielectric sheet (212).

7. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The planar metal floor (16) is provided with an external power feeding through hole, and the square dielectric substrate (151) is provided with an internal power feeding through hole; the inner conductor of the feeding coaxial line passes through the internal power feeding through hole to be electrically connected to an end of the printed feed line (152) close to the outside of the unit, and the outer conductor passes through the external power feeding through hole to be electrically connected to the planar metal floor (16).

8. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The printed patch layer (23) comprises a bent printed patch (231), a left rectangular printed patch (232) and a right rectangular printed patch (233); The bent printed patch (231) comprises a left arm and a right arm; the left arm comprises an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch respectively printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate (22); The upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected via a metallized through hole opened on the planar dielectric substrate (22); the right arm and the left arm of the bent printed patch (231) are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship, and the two are electrically connected via a patch resistor; The left rectangular printed patch (232) and the right rectangular printed patch (233) are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate (22), and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch (231); The angle between the long sides of the bent printed patch (231), the left rectangular printed patch (232) and the right rectangular printed patch (233) and the positive direction of the unit x-axis is α, and the value range of the angle α is -90° to 90°.

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