Novel microstrip antenna with directional pattern cutoff characteristics and aircraft

Abstract

The application provides a novel microstrip antenna and aircraft with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic, comprising a microwave dielectric plate, a feed hole, a microstrip radiation patch and a plurality of short pins, the microstrip radiation patch is a rectangular patch, two long edges of the patch are radiation edges, and two short edges are non-radiation edges, the feed hole is located on the center line of the two radiation edges and is arranged close to one radiation edge, a linear slot is loaded on the microstrip radiation patch and is arranged close to the other radiation edge and parallel to the other radiation edge, the plurality of short pins are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch and are arranged in a uniform interval along the length direction of the linear slot and between the linear slot and the other radiation edge, the length of the linear slot is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiation edge, the distance between the linear slot and the other radiation edge is one fifth to one third of the working wavelength, and the interval between adjacent short pins is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiation edge. The application effectively improves the coupling effect between antennas and improves the isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a novel microstrip antenna and aircraft with pattern cutoff characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] Interference between telemetry and passive radar systems has already occurred on various platforms, and with the continuous deployment of wireless radio frequency systems, interference between telemetry systems and these radio frequency systems is likely to become more frequent. Existing solutions mainly focus on introducing high-suppression filters at the system's receiving front end to suppress telemetry signals. However, this degrades the performance of other systems such as passive systems and data links, and also increases equipment size. Antennas are located at the very front of the system, and coupling between antennas is one of the important factors causing electromagnetic interference. How to solve the problem of electromagnetic interference between telemetry systems and other wireless systems is a pressing technical issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To address this, the present invention provides a novel microstrip antenna and aircraft with pattern cutoff characteristics. By shaping the pattern of the microstrip telemetry antenna, the present invention achieves rapid cutoff of the non-critical angular region pattern, thus solving problems such as electromagnetic interference between the telemetry system and other wireless systems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect, a novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics is provided. The microstrip antenna includes: a microwave dielectric substrate, a feed aperture, a microstrip radiating patch, and multiple short-circuit pins. The microstrip radiating patch is a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiating sides, and the two short sides are non-radiating sides. The feed aperture is located on the center line of the two radiating sides and is positioned close to one of the radiating sides. A straight-line slot is loaded on the microstrip radiating patch, the straight-line slot being positioned close to and parallel to the other radiating side. The multiple short-circuit pins are loaded on the microstrip radiating patch and are positioned along the straight-line slot. The antenna is uniformly spaced along its length and located between a straight slit and another radiating edge; the length of the straight slit is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the straight slit and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the operating wavelength; the spacing between any two adjacent short-circuit pins is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; the designed dimensions and positions of the straight slits and short-circuit pins are used to excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band, and the superposition of the two modes, TM10 and TM20, gives the antenna a sharp cutoff characteristic in its radiation pattern.

[0007] Furthermore, the cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20dB.

[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of short-circuit pins consists of four short-circuit pins.

[0009] Furthermore, the distance between the straight slit and the other radial side minus the distance between the short-circuit pin and the other radial side is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the straight slit is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the width of the straight gap and the diameter of the short-circuit pin are both 1 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the straight slit is 42mm, and the distance from the other radial side is 13mm; multiple short-circuit pins are arranged at equal intervals of 15mm, and each is 10mm away from the other radial side.

[0013] According to another aspect, an aircraft is provided that includes the aforementioned microstrip antenna.

[0014] The above technical solution, by jointly adjusting the length of the straight slot and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, can excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band. Furthermore, by adjusting the positions of the straight slot and short-circuit pins, the sharp cutoff angle of the radiation pattern after the two modes are superimposed is changed, achieving sharp cutoff characteristics of the antenna pattern in the required operating frequency band and direction, improving the isolation between antennas, and mitigating coupling effects. In other words, this invention innovatively chooses to equalize the resonant frequencies of the two modes by lowering the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and raising the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode. Straight slots and short-circuit pins are added to the rectangular radiating patch for capacitive-inductive loading to adjust the resonant frequencies of different modes. By reducing the gain of the antenna's radiation pattern in the direction pointed by another antenna, the radiated energy received by the other antenna is reduced, thereby improving the isolation between antennas.

[0015] As can be seen, the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics proposed in this invention, based on the principle of mode superposition, achieves a sharp cutoff effect on the pattern of the microstrip patch antenna on the side close to another antenna by introducing gaps and short-circuit pins. The antenna decoupling method of pattern modulation technology reduces the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna, effectively improving the coupling effect between antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the textual description, explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 The VSWR simulation results are for the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 These are the simulation results of the radiation pattern of the novel microstrip antenna with radiation pattern cutoff characteristics according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a comparison of simulation results of the isolation between the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics and a passive antenna, and the isolation between a traditional telemetry antenna and a passive antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0023] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics is provided. The microstrip antenna includes: a microwave dielectric substrate 1, a feed aperture 3, a microstrip radiating patch 2, and a plurality of short-circuit pins 5. The microstrip radiating patch 2 is a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiating sides, and the two short sides are non-radiating sides. The feed aperture 3 is located on the center line of the two radiating sides and is positioned close to one of the radiating sides. A straight-line slot 4 is loaded on the microstrip radiating patch 2, and the straight-line slot 4 is positioned close to and parallel to the other radiating side. The plurality of short-circuit pins 5 are loaded on the microstrip radiating patch 2. The linear slots 4 are evenly spaced along their length and located between the linear slots 4 and another radiating edge; the length of the linear slots 4 is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the linear slots 4 and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the operating wavelength; the spacing between any two adjacent short-circuit pins 5 is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; the dimensions and positions of the linear slots 4 and short-circuit pins 5 are designed to excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band, and the superposition of the two modes, TM10 and TM20, gives the antenna a sharp cutoff characteristic of the radiation pattern.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20dB.

[0026] As can be seen, this embodiment of the invention, by jointly adjusting the length of the straight slot and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, can excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band. Furthermore, by adjusting the positions of the straight slot and the short-circuit pins, the sharp cutoff angle of the radiation pattern after the two modes are superimposed is changed, achieving sharp cutoff characteristics of the antenna pattern in the required operating frequency band and direction, improving the isolation between antennas, and mitigating coupling effects. Specifically, this embodiment of the invention innovatively chooses to lower the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and raise the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode to make the resonant frequencies of the two modes the same. Straight slots and short-circuit pins are added to the rectangular radiating patch for capacitive-inductive loading to adjust the resonant frequencies of different modes. By reducing the gain of the antenna's radiation pattern in the direction pointed by another antenna, the radiated energy received by the other antenna is reduced, thereby improving the isolation between antennas.

[0027] In other words, the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics proposed in this embodiment of the invention, based on the principle of mode superposition, achieves a sharp cutoff effect on the pattern of the microstrip patch antenna on the side close to another antenna by introducing gaps and short-circuit pins. The antenna decoupling method of pattern modulation technology reduces the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna, effectively improving the coupling effect between antennas.

[0028] The design principle of this invention embodiment is further explained. To reduce the mutual coupling effect between antennas, this embodiment proposes to improve the isolation between antennas by reducing the radiation pattern gain of one antenna in the pointing direction of another antenna, thereby reducing the radiated energy received by the other antenna. For commonly used microstrip antennas, the main operating mode is TM10 mode, which has a hemispherical radiation pattern with one lobe. By changing the operating mode of the microstrip antenna, such as TM20 or TM01, different shapes of radiation patterns can be generated. The TM20 mode has a two-lobed radiation pattern with a null in the normal direction, which can reduce the gain at that angle. However, the null angle is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual conditions, limiting its application scenarios. Based on this, this embodiment considers that the TM10 and TM20 modes have one and two lobes respectively, and the electric field directions on the two lobes are opposite. By superimposing the radiation patterns of TM10 and TM20 modes, the different electric field directions in one region of the two modes cancel each other out, achieving a reduction in radiation pattern gain at a certain angle, i.e., a sharp cutoff characteristic of the radiation pattern. In other words, this embodiment utilizes the sharp cutoff characteristic of the radiation pattern at a specific angle to create a null in the radiation pattern of the antenna in the direction of another antenna, effectively reducing the mutual coupling between antennas and improving the electromagnetic interference problem between systems.

[0029] To better achieve the antenna's sharp cutoff characteristics, the following optimizations were also implemented:

[0030] Preferably, the plurality of short-circuit pins 5 is 4.

[0031] Preferably, the distance between the straight slit 4 and the other radial side minus the distance between the short-circuit pin 5 and the other radial side is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0032] Preferably, the width of the straight slit 4 is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin 5.

[0033] More preferably, the length of the straight slit 4 is 42mm, and the distance from the other radial side is 13mm; the width of the straight slit 4 and the diameter of the short-circuit pin 5 are both 1mm, and the multiple short-circuit pins 5 are arranged at equal intervals of 15mm, and each is 10mm away from the other radial side.

[0034] In summary, the resonant frequencies of the TM10 and TM20 modes in traditional microstrip patch antennas are not the same, preventing the excitation of these two radiation modes at the same frequency. This embodiment first adjusts the resonant frequencies of the two modes in the overall antenna structure design, enabling the simultaneous excitation of both TM10 and TM20 radiation modes in the desired frequency band. Finally, the superposition of the radiation patterns of these two modes achieves a microstrip patch antenna design with sharp cutoff characteristics. The resonant frequency of the TM20 mode in a traditional microstrip patch antenna is approximately twice that of the TM10 mode. To excite these two radiation modes within the same frequency band for radiation superposition and obtain an antenna with sharp cutoff characteristics, this embodiment chooses to equalize the resonant frequencies of the two modes by lowering the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and increasing the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode. This embodiment adds linear slots and short-circuit pins to the rectangular radiating patch for capacitive and inductive loading to adjust the mode resonant frequencies. By jointly adjusting the length and position of the straight gap and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, it is possible to excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band, so as to achieve pattern superposition in this operating frequency band and realize the sharp cutoff characteristics of the pattern.

[0035] According to another embodiment, an aircraft is provided that includes the microstrip antenna described above.

[0036] The method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the antenna operates in the S-band. The microwave dielectric substrate 1 has dimensions of 80mm in length, 80mm in width, and 5mm in thickness. The microstrip radiating patch 2 has dimensions of 49mm in length and 47mm in width. The feed hole 3 is 9mm away from one side of the radiating edge. The straight slit 4 has a length of 42mm, a width of 1mm, and is 13mm away from the other side of the radiating edge. The short-circuit pins 5 have a diameter of 1mm, are 4 in number, are arranged at equal intervals of 15mm, and are 10mm away from the other side of the radiating edge.

[0038] The simulation results of the standing wave ratio in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the standing wave ratio is less than 2.5.

[0039] The simulation results of the radiation pattern in this embodiment of the invention are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the cutoff angle of the radiation pattern is greater than 35 degrees, and the cutoff level is greater than 22dB.

[0040] The isolation simulation results of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the new telemetry antenna has a better isolation rating than the original telemetry antenna by more than 15 dB.

[0041] In summary, this invention proposes to superimpose the radiation patterns of two modes of a microstrip antenna, causing the electric field directions of the two modes to cancel each other out in a region on one side, thus achieving a sharp cutoff characteristic in the radiation pattern. This invention also achieves capacitive-inductive loading by adding a straight slot and a short-circuit pin to a rectangular radiating patch, thereby adjusting the resonant frequencies of the two different radiation modes. Furthermore, this invention further alters the sharp cutoff angle domain of the radiation pattern by adjusting the straight slot and the short-circuit pin, achieving a sharp cutoff characteristic in the desired direction, reducing the radiated energy of the antenna in the corresponding direction, and thus improving the coupling effect between antennas.

[0042] The present invention realizes a novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics. By using an antenna decoupling method based on pattern modulation technology, the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna is reduced. By shaping the pattern of the microstrip telemetry antenna, the non-critical angular domain pattern is quickly cut off, which effectively improves the coupling effect between antennas and solves the problem of electromagnetic interference between the telemetry system and other wireless systems.

[0043] The features described and / or illustrated above with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or in combination with or in lieu of features in other embodiments.

[0044] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, whole, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, components, or combinations thereof.

[0045] The methods described above in this invention can be implemented in hardware or in combination with software. This invention relates to computer-readable programs that, when executed by a logic component, enable the logic component to implement the aforementioned apparatus or constituent parts, or to implement the various methods or steps described above. This invention also relates to storage media for storing the above programs, such as hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, DVDs, flash memory, etc.

[0046] Many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from this detailed description, and therefore the appended claims are intended to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments that fall within their true spirit and scope. Furthermore, since many modifications and alterations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the invention are not intended to be limited to the precise structures and operations illustrated and described, but rather to encompass all suitable modifications and equivalents falling within their scope.

[0047] The parts of this invention not described in detail are techniques known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics, characterized in that, The microstrip antenna includes: a microwave dielectric substrate, a feed aperture, a microstrip radiating patch, and multiple shorting pins. The microstrip radiating patch is a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiating sides, and the two short sides are non-radiating sides. The feed aperture is located on the center line of the two radiating sides and is positioned close to one of the radiating sides. A straight-line slot is loaded on the microstrip radiating patch, and the straight-line slot is positioned close to and parallel to the other radiating side. The multiple shorting pins are loaded on the microstrip radiating patch and are evenly spaced along the length of the straight-line slot. Between a straight slot and another radiating edge; the length of the straight slot is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the straight slot and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the operating wavelength; the spacing between any two adjacent short-circuit pins is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; wherein the designed dimensions and positions of the straight slot and short-circuit pins are used to excite two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band, and the superposition of the two modes, TM10 and TM20, gives the antenna a sharp cutoff characteristic of the radiation pattern.

2. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20dB.

3. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of short-circuit pins are four short-circuit pins.

4. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the straight slit and the other radial side minus the distance between the short-circuit pin and the other radial side is less than or equal to 3 mm.

5. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The width of the straight gap is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin.

6. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The width of the straight gap and the diameter of the short-circuit pin are both 1 mm.

7. A novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the straight slit is 42mm, and the distance from the other radial edge is 13mm; multiple short-circuit pins are arranged at equal intervals of 15mm, and each is 10mm from the other radial edge.

8. An aircraft, characterized in that, The aircraft includes the microstrip antenna as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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