A wide axial ratio angular broadband antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a wide axial ratio angle wideband antenna, comprising: a choke coil and a radiation assembly; the choke coil comprises a bottom plate and at least two choke cylinders, the at least two choke cylinders are arranged on the bottom plate in a direction from the center to the edge of the bottom plate, and the choke cylinder close to the center of the bottom plate and the bottom plate form a mounting cavity; at least part of the radiation assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; wherein at least one choke cylinder is provided with a choke sheet. Since the choke cylinder is arranged, the propagation of the stray wave can be suppressed, and the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna is widened. Since the choke sheet is arranged on the choke cylinder, the stray wave propagating to the choke cylinder can be eliminated, the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna is further widened, and thus the upper half space of the antenna can be right-handed circularly polarized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of global satellite navigation systems, a new pattern of simultaneous navigation and positioning using multi-band positioning signals has gradually emerged. To meet the wideband requirements of positioning antennas, circular polarization is needed to suppress Faraday's electromagnetic rotation. Ideally, the entire upper half of the antenna should be right-hand circularly polarized. However, existing positioning antennas have a narrow 3dB axial ratio, making it difficult to achieve right-hand circular polarization in the entire upper half of the antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to provide a wide axial ratio angle broadband antenna to solve the problem that the existing antennas have a narrow 3dB axial ratio angle, which makes it impossible to achieve right-hand circular polarization in the upper half of the positioning antenna.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application discloses a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna, including: a choke coil and a radiating component;

[0006] The choke ring includes a base plate and at least two choke cylinders. The at least two choke cylinders are spaced apart on the base plate along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate, and the choke cylinder near the center of the base plate and the base plate form a mounting cavity.

[0007] At least a portion of the radiation component is disposed within the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the base plate;

[0008] At least one of the choke cylinders is provided with a choke plate.

[0009] Optionally, the choke includes a first choke and a second choke arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate;

[0010] The choke is disposed on the side of the first choke cylinder near the second choke cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, the choke includes: a first choke extending circumferentially along the first choke cylinder, the first choke being used to eliminate stray waves propagating radially along the first choke cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, multiple first chokes are provided, and the multiple first chokes are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the choke further includes a second choke extending along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder, the second choke being used to eliminate stray waves propagating along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, multiple second chokes are provided, and the multiple second chokes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first choke cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, at least one of the chokes has a radial groove on the side opposite to the base plate.

[0016] Optionally, multiple radiation slots are provided, and the multiple radiation slots are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the choke.

[0017] Optionally, the wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna further includes a guiding structure disposed within the mounting cavity and surrounding the radiating component.

[0018] Optionally, the guiding structure includes: a guiding ring and a plurality of first support columns, the plurality of first support columns being spaced apart circumferentially along the base plate and fixedly connected to the base plate, and the guiding ring being fixedly connected to one end of the first support columns opposite to the base plate.

[0019] Optionally, the radiating assembly includes: a feed network, a radiating oscillator, and a feed probe;

[0020] The power supply network is located on the side of the base plate opposite to the mounting cavity;

[0021] The radiating oscillator is disposed within the mounting cavity and fixedly connected to the base plate;

[0022] The feed probe is positioned between the feed network and the radiating oscillator and is electrically connected to both the feed network and the radiating oscillator.

[0023] Optionally, the radiating oscillator includes: a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator;

[0024] The first radiating vibrator and the second radiating vibrator are arranged symmetrically about the center of the base plate, and the first radiating vibrator is provided with an installation channel;

[0025] The power supply probe passes through the mounting channel and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the mounting channel. The power supply probe includes an input connection end and an output connection end that are arranged opposite to each other. The input connection end is electrically connected to the power supply network, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating oscillator.

[0026] Optionally, the radiating component further includes a conductive piece, which is disposed between the output connection terminal and the second radiating oscillator and electrically connected to the output connection terminal and the second radiating oscillator respectively.

[0027] Optionally, the first radiating oscillator includes: a first support portion, a first oscillator body, and a first fixing portion;

[0028] The first support extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the mounting channel extends through the first support along the axial direction of the choke.

[0029] The first support portion has a first peripheral wall, the first oscillator body is disposed at one end of the first support portion away from the base plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, the first fixing portion is disposed at one end of the first support portion near the base plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, and the first fixing portion is used to fix it to the base plate.

[0030] Optionally, the second radiating oscillator includes: a second support portion, a connecting portion, a second oscillator body, and a second fixing portion;

[0031] The second support extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the second support has a second peripheral wall and a second top wall facing away from the bottom plate;

[0032] The connecting portion is disposed on the second top wall, and the connecting portion is used to be electrically connected to the conductive piece;

[0033] The second oscillator body is disposed at one end of the second support portion away from the bottom plate and is connected to the second peripheral wall;

[0034] The second fixing part is disposed at one end of the second support part near the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall. The second fixing part is used to fix it to the bottom plate.

[0035] Optionally, the first oscillator body and the second oscillator body are fan-shaped oscillator bodies.

[0036] Optionally, the coordinate function of the fan-shaped oscillator body is:

[0037] x = r0 * exp(a * _t) * cos(b * _t) + ccx

[0038] y= r0*exp(a*_t)*sin(b*_t)+ccy+c

[0039] z= (shu_gao+lfeed)*exp(e*_t)+d

[0040] Where _t is a variable in the parametric equation, which is set to rotate and close into a body in the electromagnetic simulation software, and a, b, c, d, r0, ccx, ccy, lfeed, and angle are the width and length of the constrained fan-shaped oscillator body.

[0041] Optionally, the radiation assembly further includes: a parasitic sheet and a plurality of second support columns;

[0042] Multiple second support columns are spaced apart along the circumference of the base plate and are fixedly connected to the base plate;

[0043] The parasitic plate is disposed on the side of the radiating oscillator away from the base plate and is fixedly connected to the end of the second support column away from the base plate.

[0044] Optionally, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes: a mounting base, the mounting base being disposed on the side of the base plate opposite to the mounting cavity;

[0045] The mounting base is provided with a shielding cavity, and the power supply network is disposed within the shielding cavity.

[0046] Optionally, the radiating component further includes a radio frequency connector that is electrically connected to the feed network.

[0047] Optionally, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes an antenna ground plane, which is disposed on the side of the base plate near the mounting cavity.

[0048] In this embodiment, a base plate and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate and the chokes near the center of the base plate form a mounting cavity. By placing at least a portion of the radiating component within the mounting cavity, the chokes can suppress the propagation of spurious waves during antenna operation, thereby widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle. More importantly, since at least one choke is equipped with a choke plate, the choke plate can eliminate spurious waves propagating to the choke, further widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle, thus enabling the entire upper half of the antenna to be right-hand circularly polarized.

[0049] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0051] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 4 This is one of the assembly structure diagrams of the choke and mounting base provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the choke and the mounting base provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the radiating oscillator provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating oscillator provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 8 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the conductive sheet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive piece provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply network provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 11 This is an impedance diagram of the power supply network provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0062] Reference numerals: 1. Choke ring, 11. First choke cylinder, 111. First choke plate, 112. Second choke plate, 12. Second choke cylinder, 13. Base plate, 14. Mounting cavity, 15. Radiation groove, 2. Guiding structure, 21. Guiding ring, 22. First support column, 3. Radiation assembly, 31. First radiating oscillator, 311. First support part, 3111. First peripheral wall, 3112. First top wall, 3113. First bottom wall, 3114. Mounting channel, 312. First oscillator body, 313. First fixing part. 32. Second radiating element; 321. Second support portion; 3211. Second peripheral wall; 3212. Second top wall; 3213. Second bottom wall; 322. Connecting portion; 323. Second element body; 324. Second fixing portion; 33. Feed network; 34. Feed probe; 35. Parasitic plate; 36. Second support column; 37. Conducting plate; 371. First connecting arm; 372. Second connecting arm; 373. Third connecting arm; 4. Antenna ground; 5. Mounting base; 51. Substrate; 52. Cover plate; 6. RF connector. Detailed Implementation

[0063] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0067] This application provides a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This diagram illustrates the structure of a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna according to an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 4 to 5This diagram illustrates the assembly structure of the choke and mounting base provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 6 to 7 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the structure of a radiating oscillator provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 8 to 9 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the conductive sheet provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 10 This shows a schematic diagram of the power supply network provided in an embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 11 The diagram shows the impedance schematic of the power supply network provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna, including: a choke coil 1 and a radiating component 3; the choke coil 1 includes a base plate 13 and at least two choke tubes, the at least two choke tubes are spaced apart on the base plate 13 along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate 13, and the choke tube near the center of the base plate 13 and the base plate 13 form a mounting cavity 14; at least a portion of the radiating component 3 is disposed in the mounting cavity 14 and fixedly connected to the base plate 13; wherein, at least one choke tube is provided with a choke plate.

[0070] In this embodiment, a base plate 13 and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate 13 and the chokes near the center of the base plate 13 form a mounting cavity 14. By placing at least a portion of the radiating component 3 within the mounting cavity 14, the chokes can suppress the propagation of spurious waves during antenna operation, thereby widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle. More importantly, since at least one choke is equipped with a choke plate, the choke plate can eliminate spurious waves propagating to the choke, further widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle, thus enabling the entire upper half of the antenna to be right-hand circularly polarized. It should be noted that the 3dB axial ratio angle refers to the angle value corresponding to an axial ratio of 3dB.

[0071] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the choke includes a first choke 11 and a second choke 12 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate 13; the choke plate is disposed on the side of the first choke 11 close to the second choke 12.

[0072] In this embodiment, the double-layer choke structure, with its first choke 11 and second choke 12, achieves a dual choke effect, effectively suppressing the propagation of spurious waves. Furthermore, testing shows that the first choke 11, positioned near the center of the base plate 13, can suppress most spurious wave propagation. By placing the choke plate on the first choke 11, its function is effectively utilized, eliminating most spurious waves and thus widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle.

[0073] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the height of the first choke 11 and the second choke 12 relative to the base plate 13, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 In one embodiment, the height of the first choke 11 relative to the base plate 13 is greater than the height of the second choke 12 relative to the base plate 13. In another embodiment, the height of the first choke 11 relative to the base plate 13 is less than the height of the second choke 12 relative to the base plate 13. In yet another embodiment, the height of the first choke 11 relative to the base plate 13 is equal to the height of the second choke 12 relative to the base plate 13.

[0074] In some optional embodiments of this application, the choke includes: a first choke 111, which extends circumferentially along the first choke cylinder 11 and is used to eliminate stray waves (hereinafter referred to as radial stray waves) propagating radially along the first choke cylinder 11.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, since a first choke plate 111 extending circumferentially along the first choke cylinder 11 is provided, that is, the first choke plate 111 is annular, radial spurious waves propagating to the entire circumference of the first choke cylinder 11 can be eliminated, further reducing the impact of spurious waves on antenna performance, which is beneficial to widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna.

[0076] It should be noted that the first choke 111, while eliminating stray waves propagating radially along the first choke cylinder 11, can also eliminate a small portion of stray waves propagating axially along the first choke cylinder 11. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of first choke 111s; those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, one first choke 111 is provided, positioned in the middle of the first choke cylinder 11 along its axial direction. In another embodiment, multiple first choke 111s (i.e., two or more) are provided, spaced apart along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder 11, thereby improving the stray wave elimination effect.

[0077] In some optional embodiments of this application, the choke further includes a second choke 112, which extends axially along the first choke cylinder 11 and is used to eliminate stray waves (hereinafter referred to as axial stray waves) propagating axially along the first choke cylinder 11. It should be noted that the axial direction in this embodiment mainly refers to the direction perpendicularly upward along the base plate 13.

[0078] In this embodiment, the second choke 112 extending axially along the first choke cylinder 11 can eliminate axial spurs, further reducing the impact of spurs on antenna performance and helping to widen the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle.

[0079] It should be noted that the second choke 112, while eliminating stray waves propagating axially along the first choke cylinder 11, can also eliminate a small portion of stray waves propagating radially along the first choke cylinder 11. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of second choke 112s; those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, multiple second choke 112s are provided, spaced apart circumferentially along the first choke cylinder 11, thereby eliminating axial stray waves along the entire circumference of the first choke cylinder 11, which is beneficial for improving the stray wave elimination effect. It is understood that when multiple first choke 111s and multiple second choke 112s are simultaneously provided, a grid-like structure can be formed on the peripheral wall of the first choke cylinder 11, thereby effectively eliminating radial and axial stray waves. In addition, the shape of the second choke 112 includes, but is not limited to, rectangles, triangles, trapezoids, or other shapes.

[0080] In some alternative embodiments of this application, at least one choke has a radial groove 15 on the side opposite to the base plate 13.

[0081] In practical applications, since the base plate 13 located below the first choke 11 blocks the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves propagating to the first choke coil 1 will radiate upwards. By setting the radiation slot 15, the boundary conditions are increased, which can enhance the radiation intensity of the antenna and improve the antenna performance.

[0082] It should be noted that the number of radiating slots 15 is not limited in the embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, multiple radiating slots 15 are provided, and the multiple radiating slots 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the choke. This can further enhance the radiation intensity of the antenna and help to further improve the antenna performance.

[0083] In some optional embodiments of this application, the wide axial ratio angle broadband antenna further includes a guiding structure 2, which is disposed within the mounting cavity 14 and surrounds the radiating component 3. Because the guiding structure 2 is provided and surrounds the radiating component 3, the axial ratio angle of the antenna can be further widened by 3 dB through the electromagnetic coupling between the guiding structure 2 and the radiating component 3.

[0084] Furthermore, the guiding structure 2 includes a guiding ring 21 and a plurality of first support columns 22. The plurality of first support columns 22 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate 13 and are fixedly connected to the base plate 13. The guiding ring 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the first support column 22 away from the base plate 13.

[0085] In this embodiment, since a first support column 22 is provided and the first support column 22 is fixedly connected to the base plate 13, by fixing the guide ring 21 to the end of the first support column 22 away from the base plate 13, not only can the guide ring 21 be fixed, but the guide ring 21 can also be positioned at a suitable height, which is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic coupling effect between the guide ring 21 and the radiation component 3.

[0086] It should be noted that the fixing method of the first support column 22, the guide ring 21, and the base plate 13 in this embodiment is not limited, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first support column 22 is provided with a first threaded post at each end, and correspondingly, the guide ring and the base plate 13 are provided with a first through hole at the corresponding position. The first threaded post passes through the first through hole and is connected to the dielectric nut. Here, the dielectric nut refers to a nut made of insulating material. In one embodiment, both the dielectric nut and the first support column 22 are made of polyimide, specifically, polyimide of grade YS20 can be used.

[0087] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiating component 3 includes: a power supply network 33, a radiating oscillator, and a power supply probe 34; the power supply network 33 is disposed on the side of the base plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14; the radiating oscillator is disposed in the mounting cavity 14 and fixedly connected to the base plate 13; the power supply probe 34 is disposed between the power supply network 33 and the radiating oscillator and is electrically connected to the power supply network 33 and the radiating oscillator respectively.

[0088] In this embodiment, by placing the feed network 33 on the side of the base plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14, interference from components such as the radiating element to the feed network 33 can be avoided, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the feed network 33 and achieving right-hand circular polarization radiation of the antenna. By placing the radiating element inside the mounting cavity 14, stray waves generated during the radiating element's radiation process can be effectively suppressed. By setting the feed probe 34, which is electrically connected to both the feed network 33 and the radiating element, the energy of the feed network 33 can be effectively transferred to the radiating element, enabling signal reception and transmission.

[0089] Furthermore, the radiating component 3 also includes an RF connector 6, which is electrically connected to the feed network 33. Specifically, the feed network 33 includes an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal is electrically connected to the RF connector 6, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the feed probe 34. It should be noted that the material of the feed probe 34 is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the feed probe 34 is made of H62 brass plated with gold.

[0090] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figures 6 to 7 As shown, the radiating oscillator includes: a first radiating oscillator 31 and a second radiating oscillator 32; the first radiating oscillator 31 and the second radiating oscillator 32 are arranged symmetrically about the center of the base plate 13, and the first radiating oscillator 31 is provided with an installation channel 3114; the power supply probe 34 passes through the installation channel 3114 and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the installation channel 3114, the power supply probe 34 includes an input connection end and an output connection end arranged opposite to each other, the input connection end is electrically connected to the power supply network 33, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating oscillator 32.

[0091] In this embodiment, since there is a gap between the feed probe 34 and the inner wall of the mounting channel 3114 of the first radiating element 31, and it is electrically connected to the second radiating element 32, two signals with a phase difference of 180° can be fed to the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32. Specifically, the signal fed by the second radiating element 32 is consistent with that fed by the feed probe 34, while the signal fed by the first radiating element 31 has a phase difference of 180° with that fed by the feed probe 34.

[0092] In one embodiment, two first radiating elements 31 and two second radiating elements 32 are respectively provided, with the two first radiating elements 31 arranged adjacent to each other and the two second radiating elements 32 arranged adjacent to each other, thereby forming a cross-shaped radiating element. Correspondingly, the feed network 33 includes two output terminals with a phase difference of 90°, and two feed probes 34 are provided. One output terminal of the feed network 33 is electrically connected to one feed probe 34 and one second radiating element 32 in sequence, which can realize phase value radiation of 180° and 270° between the two second radiating elements 32, and phase value radiation of 0° and 90° between the two first radiating elements 31, thereby realizing right-hand circularly polarized radiation of the antenna.

[0093] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiating component 3 further includes a conductive piece 37, which is disposed between the output connection terminal and the second radiating element 32 and electrically connected to both the output connection terminal and the second radiating element 32. Thus, by providing the conductive piece 37, a reliable electrical connection can be achieved between the feed probe 34 and the second radiating element 32, thereby ensuring reliable energy transmission from the feed network 33 to the second radiating element 32.

[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the conductive piece 37 includes a second connecting arm 372 and a first connecting arm 371 and a third connecting arm 373 connected to both ends of the second connecting arm 372. The first connecting arm 371 is electrically connected to the feed probe 34, and the third connecting part 322 is electrically connected to the second radiating oscillator 32. Furthermore, the second connecting arm 372 is U-shaped, so that when multiple conductive pieces 37 are provided and intersect each other, mutual interference of multiple conductive pieces 37 can be avoided.

[0095] In some optional embodiments of this application, the first radiating oscillator 31 includes: a first support portion 311, a first oscillator body 312, and a first fixing portion 313; the first support portion 311 extends along the axial direction of the choke cylinder, and the mounting channel 3114 is disposed through the first support portion 311 along the axial direction of the choke cylinder; the first support portion 311 has a first peripheral wall 3111, the first oscillator body 312 is disposed at one end of the first support portion 311 away from the base plate 13 and is connected to the first peripheral wall 3111, and the first fixing portion 313 is disposed at one end of the first support portion 311 near the base plate 13 and is connected to the first peripheral wall 3111, and the first fixing portion 313 is used to fix it to the base plate 13.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first fixing part 313 is provided, and the first radiating oscillator 31 can be reliably fixed by the fixed connection between the first fixing part 313 and the base plate 13. The first support part 311 is provided, which reliably supports the first oscillator body 312 and positions it at a suitable height, which is beneficial for adjusting the resonant frequency. Furthermore, since the mounting channel 3114 is provided through the first support part 311 along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder 11, the feed probe 34 provided in the mounting channel 3114 can feed the required signal to the first support part 311 and transmit it to the first oscillator body 312 for radiation.

[0097] In practical applications, the first support portion 311 includes a first top wall 3112 and a first bottom wall 3113 disposed opposite to each other. At least a portion of the output connection end of the feed probe 34 protrudes from the first top wall 3112 and is connected to a nut. At least a portion of the input connection end of the feed probe 34 protrudes from the first bottom wall 3113 and is welded to the output end of the feed network 33, thereby achieving reliable positioning of the feed probe 34. Furthermore, to prevent the feed probe 34 from conducting with the first radiating oscillator 31, a dielectric gasket is also provided between the first top wall 3112 and the nut. In addition, the first fixing portion 313 and the base plate 13 can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0098] In some optional embodiments of this application, the second radiating oscillator 32 includes: a second support portion 321, a connecting portion 322, a second oscillator body 323, and a second fixing portion 324; the second support portion 321 extends along the axial direction of the choke cylinder, and has a second peripheral wall 3211 and a second top wall 3212 facing away from the bottom plate 13; the connecting portion 322 is disposed on the second top wall 3212 and is used to be electrically connected to the conductive piece 37; the second oscillator body 323 is disposed at one end of the second support portion 321 facing away from the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the second peripheral wall 3211; the second fixing portion 324 is disposed at one end of the second support portion 321 near the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the second peripheral wall 3211, and is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13.

[0099] In this embodiment, the second fixing part 324 is provided, and its fixed connection with the base plate 13 enables reliable fixation of the second radiating oscillator 32. The second support part 321 reliably supports the second oscillator body 323, placing it at a suitable height, which facilitates adjustment of the resonant frequency. Furthermore, the second top wall 3212 of the second support part 321 has a connecting part 322. Through the electrical connection between the connecting part 322 and the conductive piece 37, and the electrical connection between the conductive piece 37 and the feed probe 34, the required signal can be fed to the second support part 321 and transmitted to the second oscillator body 323 for radiation.

[0100] In practical applications, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna also includes a mounting base 5. The mounting base 5 is disposed on the side of the base plate 13 opposite to the mounting cavity 14. The base plate 13 has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole at corresponding positions of the first support part 311 and the second support part 321, respectively. At least a portion of the first support part 311 extends to the first mounting hole, and the first bottom wall 3113 of the first support part 311 abuts against the mounting base 5 located below the base plate 13. At least a portion of the second support part 321 extends to the second mounting hole, and the second bottom wall 3213 of the second support part 321 abuts against the mounting base 5 located below the base plate 13, thereby further improving the stability of the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32. In addition, the first fixing part 313 and the base plate 13, and the second fixing part 324 and the base plate 13 can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0101] In addition, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna also includes a dielectric spacer and a metal spacer, wherein the dielectric spacer refers to a spacer made of insulating material, and the metal spacer refers to a spacer made of metal. In one embodiment, the dielectric spacer is made of polyimide, and the metal spacer is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy. Specifically, the dielectric spacer is made of polyimide of grade YS20, and the metal spacer is made of brass of grade H62. The first support part 311 includes a first top wall 3112 and a first bottom wall 3113 disposed opposite to each other. The dielectric spacer and the first connecting arm 371 are sequentially disposed above the first top wall 3112. The output connection end of the feed probe 34 passes through the dielectric spacer and the first connecting arm 371 sequentially and is fixedly connected with a metal nut. At least a portion of the input connection end of the feed probe 34 protrudes from the first bottom wall 3113 and is welded to the output end of the feed network 33. A metal washer and a third connecting arm 373 are sequentially disposed above the second top wall 3212. A connecting part 322 passes through the metal washer and the third connecting arm 373 sequentially and is fixedly connected with a metal nut. In this way, the feed probe 34 can be fixed on the one hand, and on the other hand, while ensuring that the feed probe 34 is connected to the second radiating element 32, the connection between the feed probe 34 and the first radiating element 31 is prevented from being connected, so that the signals of the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 have a 180° phase difference.

[0102] In some optional embodiments of this application, both the first oscillator body 312 and the second oscillator body 323 are fan-shaped oscillator bodies. This, on the one hand, increases the boundary conditions of the first oscillator body 312 and the second oscillator body 323, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the antenna's resonant frequency and bandwidth, which helps to reduce the antenna profile and enable the antenna to cover the entire navigation frequency band. On the other hand, it allows the electric and magnetic field components formed by the radiated electromagnetic waves in space to have a specific phase relationship, which helps to achieve circular polarization.

[0103] Furthermore, the coordinate function of the fan-shaped oscillator body (including the first oscillator body 312 and the second oscillator body 323) is:

[0104] x = r0 * exp(a * _t) * cos(b * _t) + ccx

[0105] y= r0*exp(a*_t)*sin(b*_t)+ccy+c

[0106] z= (shu_gao+lfeed)*exp(e*_t)+d

[0107] Where _t is a variable in the parametric equation, which can be closed into a solid by rotating the variable by a certain angle in the electromagnetic simulation software. Here, a, b, c, d, r0, ccx, ccy, lfeed, and angle are the width and length of the constrained fan-shaped oscillator body. It should be noted that the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna also includes a mounting base 5, which is located on the side of the base plate 13 opposite to the mounting cavity 14. The center of the upper surface of the mounting base 5 is the origin of the coordinate function described above.

[0108] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiation assembly 3 further includes: a parasitic plate 35 and a plurality of second support columns 36; the plurality of second support columns 36 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate 13 and are fixedly connected to the base plate 13; the parasitic plate 35 is disposed on the side of the radiation oscillator away from the base plate 13 and is fixedly connected to the end of the second support column 36 away from the base plate 13.

[0109] In this embodiment, the parasitic plate 35 is provided, and energy is radiated by coupling energy to the parasitic plate 35 through the radiating dipole, which can effectively reduce the antenna resonant frequency and antenna profile. Because a second support column 36 is provided and fixedly connected to the base plate 13, by fixing the parasitic plate 35 to the end of the second support column 36 away from the base plate 13, not only can the parasitic plate 35 be fixed, but it can also be positioned at a suitable height, which is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic coupling effect between the parasitic plate 35 and the radiating dipole.

[0110] It should be noted that the second support column 36 is made of insulating material. Furthermore, this application does not limit the fixing method of the second support column 36 to the parasitic plate 35 and the base plate 13; those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the two ends of the second support column 36 are respectively provided with second threaded posts. Correspondingly, the parasitic plate 35 and the base plate 13 are provided with second through holes at corresponding positions. The second threaded posts pass through the second through holes and are connected to the dielectric nut. The dielectric nut refers to a nut made of insulating material. In one embodiment, both the dielectric nut and the second support column 36 are made of polyimide; specifically, polyimide of grade YS20 can be used.

[0111] In some optional embodiments of this application, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes: a mounting base 5, which is disposed on the side of the base plate 13 opposite to the mounting cavity 14; the mounting base 5 is provided with a shielding cavity, and the feed network 33 is disposed within the shielding cavity. Specifically, the mounting base 5 includes a substrate 51 and a cover plate 52. The side of the substrate 51 opposite to the base plate 13 is provided with a groove, and the cover plate 52 covers the opening of the groove and surrounds the groove to form a shielding cavity. In addition, the mounting base 5 also includes a plurality of mounting feet, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the substrate 51, and the mounting feet are used for connection with external devices.

[0112] In this embodiment, the mounting base 5 facilitates the installation of the antenna onto external devices. The shielding cavity effectively prevents interference from other components by placing the feed network 33 within it.

[0113] In some optional embodiments of this application, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes an antenna ground plane 4, which is disposed on the side of the base plate 13 near the mounting cavity 14. In this way, on the one hand, the antenna base plate 13 can reflect the electromagnetic waves of the radiating component 3, which is beneficial to enhancing the antenna's radiation efficiency and gain. On the other hand, the antenna base plate 13 can effectively shield electromagnetic interference from below the base plate 13, protecting the radiating component 3 from the influence of the external electromagnetic environment, which is beneficial to improving the antenna's operational reliability. It should be noted that the shape of the antenna base plate 13 is not limited in the embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the antenna ground plane 4 is frustum-shaped.

[0114] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the choke coil 1, radiating element, director ring 21, parasitic plate 35, conductive plate 37, and antenna base plate 13 are all made of metal, including but not limited to aluminum alloy or copper alloy. In one embodiment, the choke coil 1, radiating element, director ring 21, parasitic plate 35, and antenna base plate 13 are made of aluminum alloy with grade 2A12, and the conductive plate 37 is made of brass with grade H62.

[0115] The following provides a method for manufacturing a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna according to an embodiment of this application:

[0116] Step S1: By adjusting the dimensions and height of the first oscillator body 312 and / or the second oscillator body 323, the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 of the first support 311, the outer diameter of the feed probe 34, the dimensions (including diameter and height) of the first choke 11 and the second choke 12, and the dimensions (including diameter and height) of the parasitic plate 35, the antenna resonates at 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz, thus obtaining the first optimized structure. The height of the first choke 11 refers to its height relative to the upper surface of the base plate 13. The heights of the second choke 12 and the parasitic plate 35 are similar and will not be elaborated further here.

[0117] Step S2: Based on the first optimized structure, optimize the dimensions of the first choke 111 and the second choke 112. When the 3dB axis ratio angle reaches the maximum value, the dimensions of the first choke 111 and the second choke 112 can be obtained, thus obtaining the second optimized structure.

[0118] Step S3: Since the antenna resonant frequency shifts after the 3dB axial ratio angle reaches its maximum value, based on the second optimized structure, the antenna resonates again at 1.1GHz to 1.7GHz by further fine-tuning the dimensions and height of the first oscillator body 312 and / or the second oscillator body 323, the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 of the first support 311, the outer diameter of the feed probe 34, the dimensions (including diameter and height) of the first choke cylinder 11 and the second choke cylinder 12, and the dimensions (including diameter and height) of the parasitic plate 35, thus obtaining the third optimized structure.

[0119] Step S4: Based on the center frequency of the target resonant frequency band, the dielectric constant of the radiating oscillator (including the first radiating oscillator 31 and the second radiating oscillator 32), the impedance matching requirements, and the location of the feed point, determine the linewidth and linelength of each section of microstrip line in the feed network 33, and then determine the size of the feed network 33.

[0120] like Figure 10 As shown, the input signal to the power supply network 33 is split into two output signals with equal amplitude and phase after passing through a Wilkins power divider. These signals then pass through a 90° phase comparator and are delayed to output two signals with equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference. The center frequency of the power supply network 33 is set at 1.4 GHz and it is designed on a RO4003 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.762 mm and a dielectric constant of 3.55. The impedances at both the input and output terminals are matched to 50 Ω. The impedance values, linewidth, and line length are obtained after analysis and calculation using a microstrip line calculator and full-wave analysis software.

[0121] like Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the impedance values, line widths, and line lengths of the feeder network 33 are as follows:

[0122] λg=128.15mm

[0123] Z1 = 70.71 Ω, microstrip linewidth 0.93 mm;

[0124] Z2=63Ω, microstrip linewidth 1.15mm;

[0125] Z3=81Ω, microstrip linewidth 0.7mm;

[0126] Z4=50Ω, microstrip linewidth 1.7mm.

[0127] The above values ​​are set as initial values. After optimization using HFSS electromagnetic simulation software (i.e., High Frequency StructureSimulator, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software launched by Ansoft), the linewidth and line length of each microstrip line are obtained according to the index requirements and the location of the feed point.

[0128] Step S5: Based on the third optimized structure, the optimized feed network 33 is placed in the shielding cavity of the mounting base 5. After the feed network 33 is assembled, the antenna will have a small frequency shift. The antenna can be re-resonated at 1.1GHz to 1.7GHz by adjusting the outer diameter of the feed probe 34 and the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 set in the first support 311, thus obtaining the fourth optimized structure.

[0129] Based on the above parameters, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna of this application embodiment can be fabricated and assembled. Testing shows that the operating frequency band of the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna of this application embodiment can cover the entire navigation frequency band (i.e., 1.1GHz to 1.7GHz), and it widens the antenna's axial ratio angle. The polarization mode in the upper half-space of the antenna is right-hand circular polarization, meaning the 3dB axial ratio angle across the entire frequency band is greater than ±90°.

[0130] In summary, the wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna provided in this application embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0131] In this embodiment, because a base plate and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate and the chokes near the center of the base plate form a mounting cavity, by placing at least a portion of the radiating component within the mounting cavity, the chokes can suppress the propagation of spurious waves during antenna operation, thereby widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle. More importantly, since at least one choke is provided with a choke plate, the choke plate can eliminate spurious waves propagating to the choke, further widening the antenna's 3dB axial ratio angle, thus enabling the entire upper half of the antenna to be right-hand circularly polarized.

[0132] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0133] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide-axis-ratio angular broadband antenna, characterized in that, include: Choke and radiating components; The choke ring includes a base plate and at least two choke cylinders. The at least two choke cylinders are spaced apart on the base plate along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate, and the choke cylinder near the center of the base plate and the base plate form a mounting cavity. At least a portion of the radiation component is disposed within the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the base plate; At least one of the choke cylinders is provided with a choke plate; The choke includes a first choke and a second choke arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate; The choke is disposed on the side of the first choke cylinder near the second choke cylinder; The choke includes: a first choke, which extends circumferentially along the first choke cylinder and is used to eliminate stray waves propagating radially along the first choke cylinder; The choke further includes a second choke, which extends along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder and is used to eliminate stray waves propagating along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder. The radiation component includes a radiation oscillator, which includes a first radiation oscillator and a second radiation oscillator. The first radiation oscillator includes a first oscillator body, and the second radiation oscillator includes a second oscillator body. The first oscillator body and the second oscillator body are defined by a coordinate function.

2. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first chokes are provided, and the multiple first chokes are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

3. The wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple second chokes are provided, and the multiple second chokes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first choke cylinder.

4. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the chokes has a radial groove on the side opposite to the base plate.

5. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiating grooves are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple radiating grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the choke.

6. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes a guiding structure, which is disposed within the mounting cavity and surrounds the radiating component.

7. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guiding structure includes a guiding ring and a plurality of first support columns, the plurality of first support columns being spaced apart circumferentially along the base plate and fixedly connected to the base plate, and the guiding ring being fixedly connected to the end of the first support column opposite to the base plate.

8. The wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation assembly also includes: a feed network and a feed probe; The power supply network is located on the side of the base plate opposite to the mounting cavity; The radiating oscillator is disposed within the mounting cavity and fixedly connected to the base plate; The feed probe is positioned between the feed network and the radiating oscillator and is electrically connected to both the feed network and the radiating oscillator.

9. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first radiating vibrator and the second radiating vibrator are arranged symmetrically about the center of the base plate, and the first radiating vibrator is provided with an installation channel; The power supply probe passes through the mounting channel and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the mounting channel. The power supply probe includes an input connection end and an output connection end that are arranged opposite to each other. The input connection end is electrically connected to the power supply network, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating oscillator.

10. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The radiating component further includes a conductive piece, which is disposed between the output connection terminal and the second radiating oscillator and is electrically connected to the output connection terminal and the second radiating oscillator respectively.

11. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first radiating oscillator further includes: a first support portion and a first fixing portion; The first support extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the mounting channel extends through the first support along the axial direction of the choke. The first support portion has a first peripheral wall, the first oscillator body is disposed at one end of the first support portion away from the base plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, the first fixing portion is disposed at one end of the first support portion near the base plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, and the first fixing portion is used to fix it to the base plate.

12. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second radiating oscillator further includes: a second support portion, a connecting portion, and a second fixing portion; The second support extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the second support has a second peripheral wall and a second top wall facing away from the bottom plate; The connecting portion is disposed on the second top wall, and the connecting portion is used to be electrically connected to the conductive piece; The second oscillator body is disposed at one end of the second support portion away from the bottom plate and is connected to the second peripheral wall; The second fixing part is disposed at one end of the second support part near the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall. The second fixing part is used to fix it to the bottom plate.

13. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that, Both the first and second oscillators are fan-shaped oscillators.

14. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiation assembly also includes: a parasitic plate and multiple second support columns; Multiple second support columns are spaced apart along the circumference of the base plate and are fixedly connected to the base plate; The parasitic plate is disposed on the side of the radiating oscillator away from the base plate and is fixedly connected to the end of the second support column away from the base plate.

15. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes: a mounting base, which is disposed on the side of the base plate opposite to the mounting cavity; The mounting base is provided with a shielding cavity, and the power supply network is disposed within the shielding cavity.

16. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiating component also includes a radio frequency connector, which is electrically connected to the feed network.

17. The wide-axis-ratio angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna further includes an antenna ground plane, which is disposed on the side of the base plate near the mounting cavity.

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