Device and method for determining minimum available receiving level of railway 5G-R network

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, and relates to the technical field of railway wireless communication, the device and the method are in one-to-one correspondence, in the scheme, the minimum available receiving level can be accurately determined according to different running scenes, different running speeds and different system interference noise powers of a train, and the reliability of the railway 5G-R network is improved. The problems of insufficient software simulation accuracy, high test line dynamic test cost, large difficulty and limited scene are avoided, and reasonable planning of the positions, the number and the coverage range of the base stations during 5G-R network deployment is facilitated, so that the network construction cost is reduced, the communication performance of the network cell edge is improved, and the service life of the 5G-R network is prolonged. And the service requirements of the edge of the railway 5G-R cell and the reliability of train-ground communication in the high-speed running process of the train are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railway wireless communication technology, and in particular to a device and method for determining a minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network. Background Art

[0002] The railway wireless communication system realizes high-speed and high-reliability information transmission between trains and the ground, and plays an important role in ensuring the safety of train operation and traffic dispatching and command. At present, railway wireless communication is being upgraded from GSM-R (Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway, railway mobile communication system standard) to 5G-R (5G-Railway, a new generation of railway mobile communication system based on 5G technology) network. The minimum available reception level is a key indicator to measure the quality of wireless signal coverage of the railway 5G-R network. It refers to the minimum signal reception level allowed by the 5G-R network under the premise of ensuring a certain service quality. Determining the minimum available reception level helps to reasonably plan the location, number and coverage of base stations when deploying the 5G-R network, thereby reducing the cost of network construction and improving the communication performance at the edge of the network cell. Railway lines often cross a variety of terrains, such as urban areas, viaducts, mountainous areas, plains, etc. Determining the minimum available reception level helps to evaluate the signal coverage effect in complex environments and provide a basis for network optimization.

[0003] Currently, the following two technical methods are mainly used to determine the minimum available receiving level.

[0004] (1) The first technical approach is to use software simulation. By setting the antenna configuration, transmission power, noise coefficient and other parameters of the base station and terminal, the standard path loss model is used to simulate the uplink and downlink transmission rates under different base station distance conditions, and the signal level that meets the cell edge service rate is taken as the minimum available receiving level. The advantage of this method is that it can flexibly simulate the impact of signal level on transmission rate under different system parameters and operating scenarios. The disadvantage is that the values ​​of parameters such as interference protection, equipment aging, and engineering reservation used in the simulation are empirical values, which may be significantly different from the actual network parameters, affecting the accuracy of the minimum available receiving level.

[0005] For example, the article "Research on Transmission Power Parameters of Railway 5G-R Mobile Terminals" published by Lin, Wang and others in China Railway Science in 2023 used different radio wave propagation loss models for simulation, and analyzed the impact of different transmission powers of railway 5G-R mobile terminals on the uplink transmission rate at the cell edge, providing a technical reference for determining the spacing between 5G-R base stations.

[0006] (2) The second technical method is to select an actual high-speed rail test line for dynamic train operation testing, install signal level measurement and system performance test software on the train, and obtain the receiving level and network performance data throughout the train operation. This method can accurately determine the minimum available receiving level of the network, but the selection of the test line is difficult and costly, the dynamic testing workload of the train at different operating speeds is large, and due to the natural environment of the test line, it cannot fully reflect the differences in the minimum available receiving level under different train operation scenarios.

[0007] For example, the article “Test and Analysis of High-Speed ​​Adaptability of Railway GSM-R System” published by Tian, ​​Liang et al. in Railway Standard Design in 2024 collected GSM-R system service quality data (including minimum available reception level) through actual train dynamic tests and analyzed the 400km / h high-speed adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, which can accurately determine the minimum available receiving level for different train operation scenarios, different operating speeds and different system interference noise powers, and help to reasonably plan the location, number and coverage of base stations when deploying 5G-R networks, thereby reducing network construction costs and improving communication performance at the edge of network cells.

[0009] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network comprises: a 5G-R base station, a fixed attenuator, a wireless channel simulation module, a 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal and a wireless performance test module connected in sequence; wherein: The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module; the fixed attenuator is used to attenuate the transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module; the wireless channel simulation module is used to receive the information attenuated by the fixed attenuator, and reproduce the signal propagation characteristics and signal distortion in various railway scenarios by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect caused by high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise; The wireless performance test module is used to test the receiving level value of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal, and determine the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​that meet the business requirements measured multiple times.

[0010] A method for determining a minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, comprising: Set up a 5G-R base station, a fixed attenuator, a wireless channel simulation module, a 5G-R vehicle communication terminal, and a wireless performance test module that are connected in sequence; The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in the uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module. The transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station is attenuated by the fixed attenuator to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module. The signal attenuated by the fixed attenuator is received by the wireless channel simulation module. The signal propagation characteristics and channel distortion in various railway scenarios are reproduced by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect of high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise. The wireless performance test module is used to test the receiving level value of the 5G-R vehicle communication terminal, and the minimum available receiving level is determined by using the level values ​​that meet the business requirements measured multiple times.

[0011] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that the minimum available receiving level under different train operation scenarios, different operating speeds and different interference noise powers can be obtained, avoiding the problem of insufficient software simulation accuracy and the high cost, difficulty and limited scenario of dynamic testing of the test line. It can provide technical support for determining the base station coverage range during the construction of the railway 5G-R network and optimizing the 5G-R network performance, ensuring the business needs of the edge of the railway 5G-R cell and the reliability of train-to-ground communication during high-speed operation of the train. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for determining a minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] First, the terms that may be used in this article are explained as follows: The terms "include", "comprises", "contains", "has" or other descriptions with similar semantics should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including certain technical feature elements (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products or products, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only certain technical feature elements explicitly listed, but also other technical feature elements known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0016] The term "consisting of..." means excluding any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If this term is used in a claim, it will make the claim closed, so that it does not contain technical feature elements other than the technical feature elements explicitly listed, except for the conventional impurities related to them. If this term only appears in a clause of a claim, it only limits the elements explicitly listed in the clause, and the elements recorded in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this article can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0018] The following is a detailed description of a device and method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network provided by the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. If no specific conditions are specified in the embodiments of the present invention, they shall be carried out in accordance with the conventional conditions in the field or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The instruments used in the embodiments of the present invention, for which the manufacturer is not specified, are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0019] Embodiment 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, such as Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes: a 5G-R base station, a fixed attenuator, a wireless channel simulation module, a 5G-R vehicle communication terminal and a wireless performance test module connected in sequence; wherein: The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module; the fixed attenuator is used to attenuate the transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module; the wireless channel simulation module is used to receive the signal attenuated by the fixed attenuator, and reproduce the signal propagation characteristics and signal distortion in various typical railway scenarios by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect caused by high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise; The wireless performance test module is used to test the receiving level value and wireless performance of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal, and determine the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​that meet the business requirements obtained through multiple measurements.

[0020] The present invention provides a low-cost and high-accuracy implementation plan for the minimum available receiving level for different train operation scenarios, different operating speeds and different system interference noise powers, providing technical support for determining the base station coverage range during the construction of railway 5G-R network projects and optimizing the cell edge network performance.

[0021] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and technical effects provided by the present invention, each component of the device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] 1. 5G-R base station.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R base station are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port manner.

[0024] 2. Fixed attenuator.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed attenuator attenuates the transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station so that it meets the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module.

[0026] 3. Wireless channel simulation module.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wireless channel simulation module is intended to simulate the signal transmission characteristics in the railway environment, including large-scale fading (considering path loss and shadow fading in different scenarios), small-scale fading (simulating signal distortion caused by multipath effects), Doppler effect caused by train movement, and the impact of interference and noise on the signal. The module can adjust multiple parameters to adapt to different railway scenarios and conditions to ensure accurate simulation of channel behavior in actual communication environments.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, it mainly includes: a channel large-scale fading simulation module, a channel small-scale fading simulation module, a train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, and an interference and noise simulation module.

[0029] (1) The large-scale channel simulation module includes path loss models and shadow fading models for typical railway scenarios such as cities, viaducts, mountainous areas, and plains. It is used to simulate the slow fluctuation of the received signal level caused by spatial propagation distance and building obstruction when a train runs from the center of a cell to the edge of a cell.

[0030] (2) The channel small-scale fading simulation module includes parameters such as the number of multipaths, multipath delay, multipath average power, multipath power distribution, and Ricean K factor under different typical railway scenarios. It is used to simulate signal distortion and inter-symbol interference caused by multipath propagation.

[0031] (3) The train speed and Doppler effect simulation module can set parameters such as the train speed, the angle between the train running direction and the main diameter of the signal, and the Doppler spread distribution to simulate the signal frequency expansion and rapid fluctuation caused by the high-speed movement of the train.

[0032] (4) The interference and noise simulation module can set parameters such as the interference power and noise power between systems or between cells to simulate the increase in background noise and the decrease in signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the received signal caused by adjacent-channel interference and co-channel interference. The interference signal power and noise power between systems or between cells can be set to three levels: high, medium, and low.

[0033] 4. 5G-R vehicle communication terminal.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port manner.

[0035] 5. Wireless performance test module.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless performance testing module is used to test the wireless performance indicators of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal, and determine the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​and wireless performance indicators that meet the business requirements obtained by multiple measurements; specifically: all receiving level values ​​that meet the business requirements of the railway 5G-R on-board communication terminal can be arranged in descending order to obtain a level value list; take the K% statistical value, and determine the corresponding position, and take the corresponding level value from the level value list as the minimum available receiving level; wherein K is a preset value, and exemplarily, K=95 can be set.

[0037] Considering that the software simulation method used in the prior art can only obtain the influence of the signal level on the transmission rate, but cannot effectively simulate the influence of the signal level on other system performance indicators such as transmission delay, block error rate and wireless connection success rate, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a variety of wireless performance indicator test modules are also configured in the wireless performance test module, thereby being able to obtain the influence of the signal level on a variety of performance indicators, and can also refer to Figure 1 In addition to the receiving level test module, one or more of the following wireless performance indicators of the 5G-R vehicle communication terminal can also be tested: signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, uplink and downlink transmission rate, transmission delay, block error rate, and wireless connection establishment success rate, that is, configure the corresponding signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio test module, uplink and downlink transmission rate test module, transmission delay test module, block error rate test module, and wireless connection establishment success rate test module.

[0038] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0039] Embodiment 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network. The method is implemented based on the device provided in the above embodiment, and includes: (1) Set up a 5G-R base station, a fixed attenuator, a wireless channel simulation module, a 5G-R vehicle communication terminal, and a wireless performance test module that are connected in sequence; (2) The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in the uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module. The transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station is attenuated by the fixed attenuator to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module. The signal attenuated by the fixed attenuator is received by the wireless channel simulation module. The signal is then dynamically simulated to reproduce the signal propagation characteristics and channel distortion in various railway scenarios by simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect of high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise. (3) The level value of the 5G-R vehicle communication terminal is tested through the wireless performance test module, and the minimum available receiving level is determined by using the level values ​​that meet the business requirements obtained through multiple measurements.

[0040] Preferably, the operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R base station are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port mode.

[0041] Preferably, the operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port mode.

[0042] Preferably, the wireless channel simulation module includes: a channel large-scale fading simulation module, a channel small-scale fading simulation module, a train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, and an interference and noise simulation module.

[0043] Among them, the channel large-scale fading simulation module includes path loss models and shadow fading models for different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate the slow fluctuation of the received signal level caused by spatial propagation distance and building obstruction when the train runs from the center of the cell to the edge of the cell.

[0044] The channel small-scale fading simulation module includes the number of multipaths, multipath delay, multipath average power, multipath power distribution, and Ricean K factor parameters under different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate signal distortion and inter-symbol interference caused by multipath propagation.

[0045] The train speed and Doppler effect simulation module is used to simulate the signal frequency expansion and rapid fluctuation caused by the high-speed movement of the train.

[0046] The interference and noise simulation module is used to simulate the increase in background noise and the decrease in signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the received signal caused by adjacent-channel interference and co-channel interference.

[0047] Preferably, the wireless performance indicators obtained by multiple measurements are used to select performance indicators that meet the business requirements of 5G-R on-board communication terminals, and their corresponding receiving level values ​​are recorded to determine the minimum available receiving level, including: arranging all receiving level values ​​that meet the business requirements of railway 5G-R on-board communication terminals in descending order to obtain a level value list; taking K% statistical values, and determining the corresponding positions, and taking out the corresponding level values ​​from the level value list as the minimum available receiving level; wherein K is a preset value.

[0048] Preferably, in order to obtain the impact of signal level on various performance indicators, the wireless performance test module is also used to test one or more of the following wireless performance indicators of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal: signal to interference and noise ratio, uplink and downlink transmission rates, transmission delay, block error rate, and wireless connection establishment success rate.

[0049] Figure 2 The implementation process of the above example is provided, which is mainly as follows: The operating frequency, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network. The 5G-R on-board communication terminal transmits and receives signals in full power, full carrier and full port mode.

[0050] The 5G-R base station conducts normal uplink and downlink communications with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module. Figure 2 The fixed attenuator is omitted, and the wireless channel simulation module mainly reproduces the signal propagation characteristics and signal distortion in various railway scenarios by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect caused by high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise. In the wireless performance test module, the performance indicators of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal, such as the receiving level, signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio, uplink and downlink transmission rate, transmission delay, block error rate, and wireless connection establishment success rate, are read and recorded.

[0051] Arrange all the receiving level values ​​that meet the edge service requirements of the railway 5G-R cell from large to small, and take the 95% statistical value as the minimum available receiving level. If parameters such as signal-to-interference-noise ratio are required in the project, the same method can be used for statistics.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, characterized in that: include: The 5G-R base station, fixed attenuator, wireless channel simulation module, 5G-R vehicle communication terminal and wireless performance test module are connected in sequence; among which: The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module; the fixed attenuator is used to attenuate the transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module; the wireless channel simulation module is used to receive the information attenuated by the fixed attenuator, and reproduce the signal propagation characteristics and signal distortion in various railway scenarios by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect caused by high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise; The wireless performance test module is used to test the receiving level value of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal, and determine the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​that meet the business requirements measured multiple times.

2. The device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R base station are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmit and receive signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port manner; The operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and it transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port mode.

3. The device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless channel simulation module includes: a large-scale channel fading simulation module, a small-scale channel fading simulation module, a train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, and an interference and noise simulation module; The large-scale channel fading simulation module includes path loss models and shadow fading models for different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate the fluctuation of the received signal level caused by spatial propagation distance and building shielding when the train runs from the center of the cell to the edge of the cell. The channel small-scale fading simulation module includes the number of multipaths, multipath delay, multipath average power, multipath power distribution, and Rice K factor parameters in different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate signal distortion and inter-symbol interference caused by multipath propagation; Train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, used to simulate the signal frequency expansion and fluctuation caused by high-speed train movement; The interference and noise simulation module is used to simulate the decrease in the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the received signal caused by interference and noise between systems or cells.

4. The device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​that meet the service requirements measured multiple times includes: Arrange all receiving level values ​​that meet the service requirements of railway 5G-R on-board communication terminals in descending order to obtain a level value list; Take K% statistical value, determine the corresponding position, and take the corresponding level value from the level value list as the minimum available receiving level; wherein K is a preset value.

5. The device for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless performance test module is also used to test one or more of the following wireless performance indicators of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal: signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, uplink and downlink transmission rates, transmission delay, block error rate, and wireless connection establishment success rate.

6. A method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network, characterized in that: include: Set up a 5G-R base station, a fixed attenuator, a wireless channel simulation module, a 5G-R vehicle communication terminal, and a wireless performance test module that are connected in sequence; The 5G-R base station communicates with the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal in the uplink and downlink through a fixed attenuator and a wireless channel simulation module. The transmission signal power of the 5G-R base station is attenuated by the fixed attenuator to meet the input signal power range of the wireless channel simulation module. The signal attenuated by the fixed attenuator is received by the wireless channel simulation module. The signal propagation characteristics and channel distortion in various railway scenarios are reproduced by dynamically simulating path loss, multipath fading, Doppler effect of high-speed train movement, and environmental interference noise. The wireless performance test module is used to test the receiving level value of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal, and the minimum available receiving level is determined by using the level values ​​that meet business requirements measured multiple times.

7. A method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R base station are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and transmit and receive signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port manner; The operating frequency, operating bandwidth, number of antennas and power configuration of the 5G-R on-board communication terminal are the same as the engineering parameters of the railway 5G-R network, and it transmits and receives signals in a full-power, full-carrier, and full-port mode.

8. The method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wireless channel simulation module includes: a large-scale channel fading simulation module, a small-scale channel fading simulation module, a train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, and an interference and noise simulation module; The large-scale channel fading simulation module includes path loss models and shadow fading models for different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate the fluctuation of the received signal level caused by spatial propagation distance and building shielding when the train runs from the center of the cell to the edge of the cell. The channel small-scale fading simulation module includes the number of multipaths, multipath delay, multipath average power, multipath power distribution, and Rice K factor parameters in different railway scenarios, which are used to simulate signal distortion and inter-symbol interference caused by multipath propagation; Train running speed and Doppler effect simulation module, used to simulate the signal frequency expansion and fluctuation caused by high-speed train movement; The interference and noise simulation module is used to simulate the decrease in the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the received signal caused by interference and noise between systems or cells.

9. A method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determining the minimum available receiving level by using the level values ​​that meet the service requirements measured multiple times includes: Arrange all receiving level values ​​that meet the service requirements of railway 5G-R on-board communication terminals in descending order to obtain a level value list; Take K% statistical value, determine the corresponding position, and take the corresponding level value from the level value list as the minimum available receiving level; wherein K is a preset value.

10. A method for determining the minimum available receiving level of a railway 5G-R network according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wireless performance test module is also used to test one or more of the following wireless performance indicators of the 5G-R vehicle-mounted communication terminal: signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, uplink and downlink transmission rates, transmission delay, block error rate, and wireless connection establishment success rate.

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