Power and heat supply of buildings and / or industrial facilities
Through the combination of photovoltaic facilities, electrolysers, synthesizers and electric heat generators, the challenge of self-sufficient power and heating throughout the year in large buildings and industrial facilities is solved, achieving stable power and heat supply under different solar radiation conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380060500.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-08-18
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
Large buildings and industrial facilities have challenges in powering and heating in a self-sufficiency year-round, especially in winters with less solar radiation, where existing storage devices are costly and inefficient.
The current is generated through the photovoltaic facility, and water is decomposed into molecular hydrogen and oxygen with the help of an electrolyzer. The synthesizer converts molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methanol and temporarily stores it in a methanol tank. Methanol is then oxidized in an electric heat generator to generate current and heat, supplying it to buildings and industrial facilities.
It enables production of current when the sun is strongly irradiated, while ensuring power and heating to buildings and industrial facilities during a time when the solar radiation is low, ensuring self-sufficiency throughout the year, and compensating for seasonal differences through temporary storage of methanol.
Smart Images
Figure CN119816623A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. The present invention also relates to a facility for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, which is used to implement the method. Background Art
[0002] Buildings (used for commercial and / or private purposes) and industrial facilities are typically supplied with electricity and heat as needed. In the past, electricity and heat were mostly generated by burning fossil fuels. Nowadays, in many cases, electricity is generated in a renewable manner. This renewable electricity can be generated centrally or decentralized through photovoltaic systems on the roofs of buildings and / or industrial facilities. As needed, this renewable electricity can also be used to provide heat to buildings or industrial facilities via heat pumps, where, for economic reasons, the temperature level of this heat is relatively low. However, in many cases, making buildings and / or industrial facilities as self-sufficient as possible in terms of electricity and heat supply is not possible, or is only possible to a limited extent. This is especially true when it is desired to operate a building or industrial facility self-sufficient year-round, that is, also in winter when solar radiation is very low and the demand for heat is therefore very high.
[0003] To achieve this, storage devices for temporarily storing energy are necessary. However, such storage devices are very costly, especially for storing large amounts of energy. This is especially true for battery storage devices of corresponding dimensions. In contrast, other storage solutions operate only with high conversion losses or require a high consumption of energy (for example, in the form of hydrogen). Consequently, year-round self-sufficiency in large buildings and / or industrial facilities, particularly due to their high energy requirements, has not yet been satisfactorily achieved. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is therefore to design and improve a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset and explained in more detail above in such a way that a largely self-sufficient supply of large buildings and / or industrial facilities, in particular all year round, can be achieved economically.
[0005] According to claim 1 , this object is achieved by a method for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility,
[0006] - wherein the electric current is generated by means of sunlight by at least one photovoltaic installation,
[0007] - wherein water is split into molecular hydrogen and molecular oxygen in an electrolyzer with the aid of an electric current generated in a photovoltaic installation,
[0008] - wherein methanol is produced in a synthesizer with the aid of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide,
[0009] - The generated methanol is temporarily stored in a methanol tank,
[0010] - wherein the temporarily stored methanol is oxidized in an electrothermal generator, outputting both current and heat, and
[0011] wherein at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility is supplied with the electric current and heat generated in the electrothermal generator.
[0012] Furthermore, according to claim 11, the object is achieved by a facility for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, the facility comprising: a photovoltaic facility for generating electric current by means of sunlight; an electrolyzer for generating molecular hydrogen by means of the electric current generated in the photovoltaic facility; a synthesizer for generating methanol by means of molecular hydrogen; a methanol tank for temporarily storing methanol; and an electric heat generator for oxidizing the temporarily stored methanol and for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility.
[0013] Thus, according to the method, sunlight is first absorbed by a photovoltaic system and converted by the photovoltaic system into electric current in a known manner. The electric current thus obtained is then used to decompose the provided water into molecular hydrogen and molecular oxygen in an equally known manner by means of an electrolyzer. This is also generally referred to as electrolysis. If the oxygen is of no use, the molecular oxygen can be discharged to the environment. However, the molecular hydrogen is discharged to a synthesizer. In addition, carbon dioxide is fed to the synthesizer in order to generate methanol (CH3OH) from the carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen, for example according to the following system of equations:
[0014] H2+CO2→CO+H2O
[0015] 2H2+CO→CH3OH
[0016] The synthesis of methanol in a synthesizer can be carried out in multiple process steps. First, carbon dioxide is catalytically converted into water and carbon monoxide using molecular hydrogen. Carbon monoxide can in turn be catalytically converted into methanol using molecular hydrogen. The mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is also called synthesis gas. This is preferably carried out under increased pressure and increased temperature. Subsequently, the methanol is usually condensed so that it can be easily stored temporarily and / or used in an electrothermal generator. In addition, an electrothermal generator is particularly one that can generate not only electricity but also heat.
[0017] The methanol obtained in this way is temporarily stored in a methanol tank and transferred from the tank to an electric heat generator as needed. In this electric heat generator, the methanol is oxidized while simultaneously outputting electricity and heat. The generated electricity and heat can then be supplied to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. In this case, the supply is particularly heat-driven. Therefore, sufficient methanol is oxidized to provide the required heat. As long as the solar radiation reaching the photovoltaic system is sufficient, the additional electricity demand can be directly met by the electricity obtained from the photovoltaic system. Otherwise, the electric heat generator will generate as much electricity as required, even if it produces more heat than needed.
[0018] According to the device, a photovoltaic system is provided that captures sunlight and converts it into electrical current. The generated electrical current can then be output via electrical conductors to an electrolyzer, which is connected to a water source for water to be supplied to the electrolyzer for decomposition into molecular hydrogen and molecular oxygen. The molecular hydrogen can be introduced into the synthesizer via a conduit between the electrolyzer and the synthesizer. If needed, the molecular hydrogen can also be temporarily stored in a hydrogen reservoir to ensure efficient operation and a hydrogen supply to the synthesizer. In the synthesizer, methanol can be produced from the molecular hydrogen with the additional use of carbon dioxide. The synthesizer can be equipped with a carbon dioxide delivery device, which can in turn be connected to a carbon dioxide source. Furthermore, the synthesizer is connected to a methanol tank via a methanol conduit, where the generated methanol can be temporarily stored until it is needed to supply electricity and / or heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. The methanol tank is connected via the methanol conduit to an electric heat generator, where the methanol can be oxidized. Heat and electric current are released simultaneously so that they can be output to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility in order to supply them with electricity and heat. To this end, the building and / or industrial facility can be connected to the electric heat generator by means of electrical lines and conduits for a heat transfer medium.
[0019] The advantage of the above method and facility is that sufficient electricity can be generated during periods of intense solar radiation to supply at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility with sufficient electricity and heat even when the sun is not shining or is obscured by clouds. The generated electricity is then sufficient to generate and store sufficient amounts of methanol to ensure that electricity and heat can be supplied to the building and / or industrial facility whenever electricity can be generated by the photovoltaic system. Even if there are seasonal differences in the amount of electricity generated from sunlight, this can be compensated by temporarily storing sufficient amounts of methanol. Finally, as needed, the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility can be operated self-sufficiently, preferably year-round.
[0020] If buildings and / or industrial facilities provide sufficient area for accommodating photovoltaic installations, such as on the roofs of buildings and / or industrial facilities and / or on other surfaces, the additional supply of electricity and heat can be eliminated. The installation can then even export electricity and / or heat to supply other external users, such as feeding it into a power grid and / or a local or remote heating network. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that during the summer months (when buildings and / or industrial facilities do not require heating), particularly during the daytime, electricity demand can be more or less completely met by photovoltaic installations. For economic reasons, the electric heat generator can then be shut down. However, if sufficient excess electricity is generated, the electrolyzer and synthesizer can be operated to generate and store methanol for use during times when solar radiation is low and / or electricity and / or heat demand is high. Due to the complexity and electricity demand of the installation, the installation and method can be operated economically, particularly for large buildings or multiple small buildings and / or large industrial facilities or multiple small industrial facilities. This is especially true if at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility has a high demand for electricity and / or heat.
[0021] In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the method, at least a portion of the current electricity demand of at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility is met by the current generated by the photovoltaic system. This is particularly effective. When heat is not required, the electric heat generator need not be operated. When heat is required, the electric heat generator only needs to be operated at a level sufficient to provide the required heat. If the current generated by the electric heat generator is insufficient to meet the electricity demand of the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, this demand can advantageously be met to the greatest extent possible by the current generated by the photovoltaic system. Therefore, the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility is preferably electrically connected to the electric heat generator and the photovoltaic system. Conversely, if, at a particular point in time, the current provided by the photovoltaic system is insufficient to meet the additional electricity demand of the building and / or industrial facility, the electric heat generator can additionally oxidize methanol to provide sufficient current, even if the building, industrial facility, and / or other means are unable to use or export the heat generated by the methanol oxidation.
[0022] Alternatively or additionally, it is also preferred that at least a portion of the current heat demand of at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility is met by heat currently being generated by the electric heat generator. Thus, the facility not only takes into account the electricity demand but can also be used to at least partially meet the heat demand of at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. For autarkic operation, it can be particularly preferred that the heat demand can be fully met by the electric heat generator. However, it is also conceivable that a portion of the heat demand can be met by other sources, particularly if this additional heat can be provided cost-effectively.
[0023] For example, if more electricity is generated by the electric heat generator than is required for heating at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, it may be appropriate to use at least a portion of the electricity currently generated by the electric heat generator for heating at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility to produce molecular hydrogen in at least one electrolyzer and / or methanol in a synthesizer. The excess electricity can then be utilized and at least partially stored in the form of methanol.
[0024] Alternatively or additionally, at least a portion of the current currently generated by the electric heat generator for supplying heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility can be used to supply power to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. The current generated in parallel with the heat production can then also be advantageously used by the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility.
[0025] In order to enable the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility to operate as self-sufficiently as possible throughout the year, it is expedient to temporarily store at least part, in particular a large portion, i.e., a majority of the methanol produced during the summer months in at least one methanol tank until the winter months. Summer months can then tend to be the months for storing methanol, while winter months can tend to be the months for using methanol in an electric heat generator to supply electricity and heat to the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility.
[0026] With regard to the efficient operation of at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, it is alternatively or additionally suitable, in particular during the winter months, to oxidize methanol in an electric heat generator in order to provide heat for at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility. The heat demand is then essentially the dominant parameter. In other words, the method and the facility are operated in a heat-dominant manner. The excess current generated can then be used in other ways, for example to produce methanol. The excess current is then at least partially supplied to at least one electrolyzer for producing molecular hydrogen and / or to a synthesizer for producing methanol. However, this does not exclude that the method is sometimes operated in an electric-dominant manner to provide the required amount of current, even if the heat generated thereby is not required by the at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility.
[0027] In order to ensure that the power and heat supply to at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility is as CO2-neutral as possible, it is convenient to at least partially transfer the carbon dioxide generated when oxidizing methanol in at least one electric heat generator to the synthesizer to produce methanol. In this case, the carbon dioxide can be recycled and reused to a certain extent. This is convenient, but in principle does not change the CO2 balance. In fact, in any case, the carbon dioxide used to synthesize methanol is extracted from another source, mainly from the environment, as needed.
[0028] Alternatively or additionally, at least a portion of the water generated during the oxidation of methanol in at least one electrothermal generator can be fed to the electrolyzer to generate molecular hydrogen. Water is formed during the oxidation of methanol in the electrothermal generator. This water can be output in a liquid or vaporous state or returned to the electrolyzer to be used to generate new methanol. Water is also formed during the synthesis of methanol in the synthesizer and can be returned to the electrolyzer to generate molecular hydrogen, either as a replacement for or in addition to the water generated from the electrothermal generator.
[0029] Suitable electric heat generators include at least one combined heat and power (CHP) plant or at least one boiler. These plants are very efficient for providing both electricity and heat. The boiler can be used to generate heat and steam, with the steam being used at least partially to generate electricity using a turbine and a generator connected thereto. In principle, the electric heat generator can also additionally or alternatively include a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), which can efficiently generate electricity and heat. However, other electric heat generators or supply devices are also conceivable.
[0030] For efficiency reasons, an electrochemical electrolyzer can be used as an electrolyzer, which has a cell stack made of electrochemical cells. The cells of the cell stack each include two electrodes and a separator that separates the two electrodes from each other in a semi-permeable manner. Here, these cells can be stacked to form a cell stack. Then, a portion of molecular hydrogen is formed in each cell, which can then be collected and introduced into at least one synthesizer. In this article, an electrochemical electrolyzer has proven to be particularly effective, wherein the electrodes of the cell are separated from each other by a separator in the form of an electron exchange membrane (proton exchange membrane-PEM). It is also referred to as a PEM electrolyzer in this article.
[0031] To provide water for generating molecular hydrogen in the electrolyzer in a cost-effective and resource-efficient manner, rainwater, particularly rainwater from the roof of at least one building and / or industrial facility, can be collected in a rainwater tank. Water for hydrogen production can then be removed from the rainwater tank as needed. This water can serve as a substitute for or supplement return water from the electrothermal generator and / or synthesizer, which can be obtained from the rainwater tank as needed. Well water, surface water, and / or fresh water can also be used. Purification of the water may be necessary before use.
[0032] In a first, particularly preferred design of the facility, at least one synthesizer is connected via a methanol conduit to a methanol tank for temporary methanol storage. Furthermore, the methanol tank can be connected via the methanol conduit to an electric generator, thereby supplying methanol to the generator as needed. This allows the electric generator to continuously provide the desired amount of heat and / or current. However, depending on the excess current currently provided by the photovoltaic system, methanol can also be produced using the electrolyzer and synthesizer. This allows for simple temporal decoupling of methanol production and use.
[0033] Alternatively or additionally, the electric heat generator can be connected to the synthesizer via a carbon dioxide conduit. In principle, it is conceivable to transport ambient air and / or exhaust gas from the electric heat generator via the carbon dioxide conduit, wherein the ambient air or exhaust gas contains a certain amount of carbon dioxide. However, it may be more effective if the carbon dioxide is transported in an enriched form from a carbon dioxide source via the carbon dioxide conduit. Preferably, the carbon dioxide can be transported in an almost pure form and / or prepared in a carbon dioxide storage device, for example, in the form of a gas tank. It may be particularly suitable to separate carbon dioxide from an industrial process that produces a large amount of high-concentration carbon dioxide. For example, this may be the case when the electric heat generator is in operation, where methanol is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide can then be at least partially circulated in a facility for power and heat supply.
[0034] Furthermore, the electrolyzer can be connected to the electric heat generator and / or synthesizer via a water conduit. Water produced in the electric heat generator and / or synthesizer can then flow back to the electrolyzer. To enable the electrolyzer to operate independently of the electric heat generator and / or synthesizer, it is advantageous if the water is temporarily stored in a water reservoir located in the water conduit. To utilize the water from the electric heat generator and to efficiently operate the method, it may be particularly advantageous if the electric heat generator comprises a boiler, a combined heat and power plant, or a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). For similar reasons, it is alternatively or additionally advantageous if the electrolyzer is an electrochemical electrolyzer, such as a PEM electrolyzer.
[0035] In order to reduce conduction losses and to provide a compact power and heat supply system, it is alternatively or additionally suitable if the photovoltaic system for generating the current for the electrolyzer is mounted on at least one building and / or at least one industrial facility, in particular on the roof and / or other (secondary) surfaces of the building and / or industrial facility. This allows efficient use of the surface and avoids the need to conduct the current over long distances or via an external power grid.
[0036] If the electrolyzer is connected to a rainwater tank for storing rainwater (e.g., from the roof of at least one building and / or industrial facility), it can also facilitate the self-sufficient operation of the facility. Rainwater can thus be captured and used locally. This eliminates the need for an external water supply or the use of mains water. Consequently, well water is also unnecessary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings which show only one exemplary embodiment.
[0038] It shows:
[0039] Figure 1 The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for supplying electricity and heat to buildings and / or industrial facilities are shown in a schematic flow chart, and
[0040] Figure 2 The schematic flow chart shows the Figure 1 Additional details of the facilities and methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] exist Figure 1 , a plant 1 and a method for supplying electricity and heat to a building G and / or industrial facility A are shown. In the illustrated and, to this extent, preferred plant 1, a photovoltaic system PV is installed on the roof 2 of the building G or industrial facility A to be supplied with electricity and heat. This system generates electricity 4 when there is sufficient solar radiation 3. This electricity 4 can be directly delivered to the building 2 and / or industrial facility for supplying electricity. However, this electricity 4 can also be used, at least in part, to operate an electrolyzer E. Alternatively or additionally, the electricity 4 generated in this manner can also be supplied to a combiner S, although this is not shown in detail for the sake of clarity.
[0042] In addition to the electrical current 4, water (H2O) is fed to the electrolyzer E, where it is decomposed into molecular hydrogen (H2) and molecular oxygen (O2). The molecular hydrogen (H2) can be temporarily stored but is preferably fed more or less directly to the synthesizer S. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is also fed to the synthesizer S. In the synthesizer S, methanol (CH3OH) and water (H2O) are formed from the hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The methanol (CH3OH) can in turn be oxidized, i.e., burned, as required, in the electrothermal generator V. In this process, the electrothermal generator V generates electrical current 4 and heat Q. This heat Q and electrical current 4 can be supplied to the building G and / or the industrial facility A as required. In the phase where the electric heat generator V is used to generate more current than is required to meet the heat demand in the building G and / or the industrial facility A, this excess current 4 can be output to the electrolyzer E and / or the synthesizer S to utilize this excess current 4 to produce molecular hydrogen (H2) and / or methanol (CH3OH).
[0043] The molecular oxygen (O2) produced in addition to molecular hydrogen (H2) in the electrolyzer E can be discharged to the environment or, as shown, to the electrothermal generator V to increase the oxidation efficiency. This eliminates the need to feed ambient air, for example, which has a high inert nitrogen (N2) content, to the electrothermal generator V. At the same time, carbon dioxide (CO2) released during the oxidation in the supply device V can be fed to the synthesizer S as needed. The exhaust gas 5 from the electrothermal generator V can be pretreated beforehand to purify the exhaust gas 5 or at least partially separate the carbon dioxide (CO2) from other components of the exhaust gas 5, thereby increasing the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the pretreated exhaust gas 5. The exhaust gas 5 from the electrothermal generator V is therefore suitable as a carbon dioxide source because, in many cases, the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the exhaust gas 5 is significantly higher than that in the ambient air, where the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is much lower. The water (H 2 O) produced in the electrothermal generator V and / or the synthesizer S is fed back to the electrolyzer E as needed to be decomposed again into molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and molecular oxygen (O 2 ).
[0044] In the illustrated and, in this respect, preferred installation 1 for supplying electricity and heat, a combined heat and power plant (CHP) is provided as an electric heat generator V. Furthermore, the electrolyzer E can be a PEM electrolyzer E with a polymer exchange membrane.
[0045] exist Figure 2 Further details of the method and apparatus 1 are shown in FIG. Figure 1These details are not considered in the present invention. They relate in particular to the temporal decoupling of the individual method steps and plant components. They also relate to the water supply of the method and plant 1. Water (H2O) falling as rainwater on the roof 2 of the building G and / or industrial facility A can be intercepted and stored in a (rain) water tank 6, which can then be used in the electrolyzer E. In addition,
[0046] The (rain) water tank 6 can store, as needed, the water (H₂O) produced in the electrothermal generator V and / or the synthesizer S. Methanol (CH₃OH) production is thus independent of the current rainfall, allowing methanol (CH₃OH) to be produced during periods when the photovoltaic facility PV is producing significant amounts of electricity 4. However, rainfall typically does not occur simultaneously during these periods. If the collected rainwater is insufficient to meet the water needs of the facility 1, well water, surface water, fresh water, and / or tap water can also be supplied.
[0047] The molecular oxygen (O2) generated in the electrolyzer E can also be initially stored in an oxygen reservoir 7 until oxygen (O2) is required for oxidation in the electrothermal generator V. Thus, the supply of the building G and / or industrial facility A can be decoupled from the production of methanol (CH3OH). In fact, in many cases, the heat and / or electricity demand of the building G and / or industrial facility A does not coincide with the strong solar radiation 3 at the photovoltaic system PV. Similarly, the oxidation of methanol (CH3OH) can produce carbon dioxide-rich waste gas 5, without the photovoltaic system PV simultaneously producing significant electricity 4. The carbon dioxide (CO2) can then be stored in a carbon dioxide reservoir 8 until a significant amount of molecular hydrogen (H2) is formed by the electrolyzer E, which can then be converted into methanol (CH3OH) together with the stored carbon dioxide (CO2). Furthermore, the methanol (CH3OH) is also temporarily stored in a methanol tank 9, since during the winter months there is a high heat demand and only a small amount of electricity 4 is generated by the photovoltaic system PV. The methanol (CH3OH) produced in the summer months can then be oxidized and used to supply electricity and heat to the building G and / or industrial facility A, so as to be able to meet the demand for electricity 4 and heat Q of the building G and / or industrial facility A in the winter months.
[0048] Description of Reference Numerals
[0049] 1 Facilities
[0050] 2Roof
[0051] 3 Solar radiation
[0052] 4 Current
[0053] 5. Exhaust gas
[0054] 6 Rainwater Tanks
[0055] 7 oxygen reservoirs
[0056] 8 Carbon dioxide storage tank
[0057] 9 methanol tanks
[0058] AIndustrial Facility
[0059] E-electrolyzer
[0060] G Building
[0061] PV photovoltaic facilities
[0062] Q Calories
[0063] S-Synthesizer
[0064] V Electric Heat Generator
Claims
1. A method for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A), -in, generating electric current (4) by means of sunlight via at least one photovoltaic device (PV), -in, With the help of the electric current (4) generated in the photovoltaic facility (PV), water is split into molecular hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) in the electrolyser (E), - wherein methanol (CH3OH) is produced in a synthesizer (S) with the aid of molecular hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), - wherein the generated methanol (CH3OH) is temporarily stored in a methanol tank (9), - wherein the temporarily stored methanol (CH3OH) is oxidized in the electric heat generator (V), while outputting electric current (4) and heat (Q), and - wherein at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A) is supplied with electric current (4) and heat (Q) generated in an electric heat generator (V).
2. The method according to claim 1, - wherein at least a part of the current electricity demand of at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A) is met by the current electricity (4) generated by means of the photovoltaic facility (PV).
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least a part of the current heat demand of at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A) is met by the heat (Q) currently generated by means of the electric heat generator (V).
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, - wherein at least a part of the electric current (4) currently generated by means of an electric heat generator (V) for the purpose of supplying heat to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A) is used to generate molecular hydrogen (H2) in at least one electrolyser (E) and / or methanol (CH3OH) in at least one synthesizer (S), and / or -in, At least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A) is supplied with electric current (4) using at least a portion of the electric current (4) currently generated by means of an electric heat generator (V) for supplying heat to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A).
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, - In this case, the methanol (CH3OH) produced in the summer months is at least partially, in particular mostly, temporarily stored in the methanol tank (9) until the winter months.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, in particular in winter months, methanol (CH3OH) is oxidized in an electric heat generator (V) for supplying heat to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A), and -in, Preferably, the electricity (4) generated for heating at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A), in particular in winter months, is at least partially supplied to at least one electrolyzer (E) for producing molecular hydrogen (H2), and / or at least one synthesizer (S) for producing methanol (CH3OH).
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, - wherein the carbon dioxide (CO2) generated when oxidizing methanol (CH3OH) in at least one electrothermal generator (V) is at least partially conveyed to a synthesizer (S) for producing methanol (CH3OH), and / or - Among them, The water produced when oxidizing methanol (CH3OH) in at least one electrothermal generator (V) and / or the water (H2O) produced in the synthesizer (S) is at least partially fed to an electrolyzer (E) for producing molecular hydrogen (H2).
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, In this case, the electric heat generator (V) used is an electric heat generator (V) which comprises at least one combined heat and power plant (CHP), a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) or a boiler.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electrolyzer (E) is an electrochemical electrolyzer (E) comprising a cell stack of electrochemical cells, each of which has two electrodes and a separator which separates the electrodes from one another in a semipermeable manner, and -in, As electrochemical electrolyser (E) an electrolyser is used which has an electron exchange membrane (proton exchange membrane—PEM) as separator.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, - wherein rainwater, in particular rainwater from the roof (2) of at least one building (G) and / or industrial facility (A), is collected in a rainwater tank (6) and the collected rainwater (H2O) is conveyed to an electrolyser (E) for generating molecular hydrogen (H2), and / or -in, Well water, surface water, fresh water and / or tap water is fed to an electrolyser (E) for the production of molecular hydrogen (H2).
11. A facility (1) for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A), the facility comprising: a photovoltaic facility (PV) for generating electric current (4) by means of sunlight; an electrolyzer (E) for generating molecular hydrogen (H2) by means of the electric current (4) generated in the photovoltaic facility (PV); a synthesizer (S) for generating methanol (CH3OH) by means of molecular hydrogen (H2); a methanol tank (9) for temporarily storing methanol (CH3OH); and an electric heat generator (V) for oxidizing the temporarily stored methanol (CH3OH) and for supplying electric current (4) and heat (Q) to at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A).
12. The facility according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The synthesizer (S) is connected to a methanol tank (9) for temporarily storing methanol (CH3OH) via a methanol conduit, and the methanol tank (9) is connected to an electric heat generator (V) via a methanol conduit, and / or the electric heat generator (V) is connected to the synthesizer (S) via a carbon dioxide conduit, and preferably via a carbon dioxide storage (8).
13. The facility according to claim 11 or 12, It is characterized in that The electrothermal generator (V) and / or the synthesizer (S) are connected to the electrolyzer (E) via a water conduit, preferably via a water reservoir (6), and / or the electrothermal generator (V) comprises a boiler, a combined heat and power plant (CHP) or a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), and / or the electrolyzer (E) is an electrochemical electrolyzer (E), in particular a PEM electrolyzer.
14. The facility according to any one of claims 11 to 13, It is characterized in that A photovoltaic facility (PV) is mounted on at least one building (G) and / or at least one industrial facility (A), and / or an electrolyzer (E) is connected to a rainwater tank (9) for storing rainwater (H2O) from the roof of at least one building (G) and / or the industrial facility (A).
15. The facility according to any one of claims 11 to 14, It is characterized in that The electrolyser (E) is connected to a source of well water, surface water, fresh water and / or tap water.