Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation method

Abstract

The invention provides a method for cultivating phyllanthus emblica seedlings, and relates to the technical field of artificial planting of phyllanthus emblica. The cultivation method mainly comprises the following steps: blanching seeds in an early stage, sequentially soaking the blanched seeds in sodium chloride solutions with different concentrations, carrying out sealing treatment in a carbon dioxide environment, carrying out standing germination acceleration, adopting garden soil, an organic fertilizer, an olive leaf fermentation material and coconut shell powder as a seedling culture substrate, carrying out sowing management in the disinfected seedling culture substrate, and the like. The defects in the prior art are overcome, the emergence rate after sowing is effectively increased, seedling growth is promoted, the survival rate of follow-up transplanting of seedlings is guaranteed, and the planting cost is comprehensively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of artificial planting of emblica emblica, and in particular to a method for cultivating emblica emblica seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Phyllanthus emblica is a deciduous shrub or small tree of the Euphorbiaceae family. It is also known as Phyllanthus emblica, Phyllanthus oleifera, and Phyllanthus oleifera. Its fruit can treat colds, laryngitis, toothaches, coughs, and other diseases. Its roots, stems, leaves, and fruits all have medicinal value. It is a plant with high medicinal value. However, wild Phyllanthus emblica generally has the disadvantages of small fruit, rust color, bitter taste, low yield, and unstable yield. In recent years, most of the Phyllanthus emblica varieties sold on the market are artificially cultivated after breeding.

[0003] Artificial cultivation of emblica usually involves direct germination and sowing of seeds to obtain emblica seedlings, which are then transplanted and planted. However, the overall sowing germination rate is low, and there is also a high seedling death rate after transplanting. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of artificial cultivation of emblica at this stage, it is necessary to further improve the seedling rate of emblica, thereby reducing the loss of artificial seedling cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for cultivating emblica seedlings, which effectively improves the emergence rate after sowing, promotes the growth of seedlings, ensures the survival rate of subsequent transplanting of seedlings, and comprehensively reduces the planting cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for cultivating emblica seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Seed pretreatment: Select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water, soak them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0008] S2, seed germination treatment: set up a sealed box, lay moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, then place the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, use carbon dioxide to replace the air in the sealed box, then let it stand for 20-24 hours, then open the sealed box, germinate until the seeds turn white, and obtain the white seeds for standby use;

[0009] S3, setting of seedling medium: garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermented material, and coconut shell powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:1:1 to obtain a seedling medium, and the olive leaf fermented material is prepared by fermenting olives with acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria;

[0010] S4. Sowing: Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 7-10 days after the seedlings emerge; and perform root cutting in time after the roots of the seedlings grow through the bag / pot.

[0011] Preferably, the blanching time in step S1 is 5-8s.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature of the static treatment in step S2 is 20-25°C.

[0013] Preferably, the method of accelerating germination until the seeds turn white in step S2 is to perform germination in the dark at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a relative humidity of 85%-95%.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the olive leaf fermented material in step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) drying olive leaves at a temperature of 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves and grinding them to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0016] (2) adding white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, and then inoculating acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and fermenting for 30-40 hours to obtain a fermented slurry for later use;

[0017] (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain olive leaf fermented material.

[0018] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the dried olive leaves to the water-ground olive leaves is 1:3-5.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of white sugar added in step (2) is 4%-6% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

[0020] Preferably, in step (2), the inoculation amount of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

[0021] Preferably, the method for obtaining the sterilized seedling culture medium in step S4 is to spread the seedling culture medium flat and sterilize it by ultraviolet irradiation for 2-3 hours.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for cultivating emblica seedlings, which has the advantages of:

[0023] The invention soaks the seeds of the emblica buds in salt water of different concentrations after early blanching, and then seals and germinates them with carbon dioxide, so as to effectively promote the whitening of the seeds during planting, improve the germination rate of the seeds after sowing, and realize the rapid emergence of the seeds. The invention adopts garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermentation material, and coconut shell powder as matrix, effectively promotes the growth of seedlings, improves the survival rate of subsequent seedling transplanting, and comprehensively improves the seedling raising effect. When the emblica buds grow to a ground diameter circumference of about 2 cm, the root will penetrate the bag / pot, and the root cutting treatment at this time can promote the growth of fibrous roots, reduce the transplanting cost, and promote the survival rate of transplanting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in the experimental group 1 of the present invention after 25 days of sowing;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in experimental group 1 of the present invention after 60 days of sowing;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in the experimental group 1 of the present invention after 90 days of sowing;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transplanting of seedlings 90 days after sowing in the experimental group 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of the seedlings of experimental group 1 of the present invention after 8 months of transplantation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The acetic acid bacteria used in the following examples were purchased from Wuhan Huaxiang Kejie Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a viable count of 3 billion / g; the lactic acid bacteria were purchased from Jinan Weiduofeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a viable count of 10 billion / g.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] 1. Preparation of auxiliary materials:

[0033] 1.1. Auxiliary material A:

[0034] (1) drying the olive leaves at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to grind and pulverize the dried olive leaves to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0035] (2) adding 5% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry of white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, and then inoculating 0.15% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, fermenting for 35 hours, and obtaining a fermented slurry for use;

[0036] (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain olive leaf fermented material as auxiliary material A.

[0037] 1.2. Auxiliary material B:

[0038] (1) drying corn stalks at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried stalks, adding water to the dried stalks at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to grind and pulverize the dried stalks to obtain stalk slurry for later use;

[0039] (2) adding 5% of the total weight of the straw slurry of white sugar to the straw slurry, and then inoculating 0.15% of the total weight of the straw slurry of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, fermenting for 35 hours, and obtaining the fermented slurry for use;

[0040] (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain straw fermented material as auxiliary material B.

[0041] 1.3. Auxiliary material C:

[0042] (1) drying the olive leaves at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to grind and pulverize the dried olive leaves to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0043] (2) Add 5% of the total weight of white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, mix and stir evenly, and then dry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10%, to obtain an olive leaf extract as auxiliary material C.

[0044] 2. Configuration of seedling medium:

[0045] Refer to Table 1 below to configure different seedling substrates:

[0046] Table 1

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] The above organic fertilizers are chicken manure fertilizers, and the seedling medium is sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation for 2.5 hours after compounding to obtain the sterilized medium in each group.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] Emblica emblica seedling cultivation:

[0052] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, and then soaking them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 25 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0053] (2) setting a sealed box, laying a moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing at 20-25° C. for 22 h, then opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25° C. and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, and obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0054] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and promptly cut off the roots of the seedlings after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0055] Referring to the above seedling cultivation method, different experimental groups were set up according to the seedling cultivation substrate in Table 2 below:

[0056] Table 2

[0057] Group Experimental Group 1 Experimental Group 2 Experimental Group 3 Experimental Group 4 Experimental Group 5 Seedling medium Matrix 1 Matrix 2 Matrix 3 Matrix 4 Matrix 5

[0058] Comparative Example 1:

[0059] Emblica emblica seedling cultivation:

[0060] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, and then soaking them in a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 0.9% for 75 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0061] (2) setting a sealed box, laying a moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing at 20-25° C. for 22 h, then opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25° C. and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, and obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0062] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and promptly cut off the roots of the seedlings after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0063] Comparative Example 2:

[0064] Emblica seedling cultivation:

[0065] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, and then soaking them in a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 75 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0066] (2) setting a sealed box, laying a moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing at 20-25° C. for 22 h, then opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25° C. and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, and obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0067] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and promptly cut off the roots of the seedlings after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0068] Comparative Example 3:

[0069] Emblica emblica seedling cultivation:

[0070] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, and then soaking them in a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 5% for 75 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0071] (2) setting a sealed box, laying a moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing at 20-25° C. for 22 h, then opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25° C. and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, and obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0072] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and promptly cut off the roots of the seedlings after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0073] Comparative Example 4:

[0074] Emblica emblica seedling cultivation:

[0075] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, and then soaking them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 25 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0076] (2) setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper at the bottom of the plastic box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, controlling the temperature at 20-25° C., the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0077] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and promptly cut off the roots of the seedlings after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0078] Detection:

[0079] The same batch of emblica seeds were selected, and seedlings were cultivated according to the methods of the above experimental groups 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4. When sowing, the method of greenhouse pot sowing was adopted, that is, the substrate was loaded into a planting pot with a height of 15 cm and a diameter of 16 cm, and then 2 white seeds were sown in each pot, and the temperature of the greenhouse was controlled at 25±2°C.

[0080] 1. The germination rates of the white seeds in each group were tested 10d, 15d, 20d and 25d after sowing. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0081] Table 3

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from the table above, experimental groups 1-5 all had a high germination rate at 10 days after sowing, and the seedlings were basically all out at 15 days, and all the seedlings had emerged at 20 days. The germination of experimental group 1 at 25 days after sowing was as follows: Figure 1 As shown; in Comparative Example 1, only a single sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.9% was used to soak the seeds, and the early germination rate was low, but it did not affect the subsequent overall germination rate. In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, long-term soaking treatment with a higher concentration of sodium chloride solution would affect the early germination rate, and even lead to a significant reduction in the germination rate, and to a certain extent delay the germination; and in Comparative Example 4, carbon dioxide treatment was omitted, which greatly reduced the early germination rate, but did not affect the overall germination.

[0085] 2. The height of each group of Phyllanthus emblica was measured at 30d, 60d and 90d after sowing (randomly select 5 plants for measurement and take the average value). The specific results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0086] Table 4

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] As can be seen from the table above, the emblica seeds sown in experimental groups 1 and 2 had good growth conditions. The growth conditions of the seedlings of experimental group 1 at 60d and 90d were as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0090] 3. Select the Phyllanthus emblica seedlings of each group that have grown for 90 days, and transplant them to the outdoor field after 2 days of outdoor hardening (200 plants per group), manage them normally, and observe and record the survival rate of the seedlings of each group after 2 months, 4 months and 8 months of transplanting. The matrix results are shown in Table 5 below:

[0091] Table 5

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from the table above, experimental groups 1 and 2 have higher survival rates, and the survival rates of seedlings transplanted in experimental group 1 are Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the growth of the plants 8 months after transplanting is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating emblica seedlings, characterized in that: The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1. Seed pretreatment: Select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water, soak them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for use; S2, seed germination treatment: set up a sealed box, lay moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, then place the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, use carbon dioxide to replace the air in the sealed box, then let it stand for 20-24 hours, then open the sealed box, germinate until the seeds turn white, and obtain the white seeds for standby use; S3, setting of seedling medium: garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermented material, and coconut shell powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:1:1 to obtain a seedling medium, and the olive leaf fermented material is prepared by fermenting olives with acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria; S4. Sowing: Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 7-10 days after the seedlings emerge; and perform root cutting in time after the roots of the seedlings grow through the bag / pot.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blanching time in step S1 is 5-8 seconds.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the static treatment in step S2 is 20-25°C.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of accelerating germination until the seeds turn white in step S2 is to perform dark treatment germination at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a relative humidity of 85%-95%.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the olive leaf fermented material in step S3 comprises the following steps: (1) drying olive leaves at a temperature of 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves and grinding them to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use; (2) adding white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, and then inoculating acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and fermenting for 30-40 hours to obtain a fermented slurry for later use; (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain olive leaf fermented material.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass ratio of the dried olive leaves to water and grinding is 1:3-5.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amount of white sugar added in step (2) is 4%-6% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (2), the inoculation amount of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the sterilized seedling culture medium in step S4 is to spread the seedling culture medium flat and sterilize it by ultraviolet irradiation for 2-3 hours.

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