Division rapid propagation irradiation mutagenesis seedling raising method for radix asparagi

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to an asparagus cochinchinensis division rapid propagation irradiation mutation seedling raising method. By the adoption of the method, the survival rate of the asparagus cochinchinensis division is as high as 90% or above, the work efficiency of asparagus cochinchinensis division transplanting is greatly improved, the division coefficient can be as high as 8 times through mutagenesis treatment, a large number of asparagus cochinchinensis seedlings can be rapidly obtained, the propagation speed of the asparagus cochinchinensis is increased, the yield of the asparagus cochinchinensis is stably increased, and the survival rate of the asparagus cochinchinensis is increased. According to the method, artificial industrialization planting of the radix asparagi is achieved, reliable resource guarantee is provided for deep processing of the radix asparagi, industrialization and large-scale planting of the radix asparagi can be achieved, and guarantee is provided for large-scale and standardized cultivation of the radix asparagi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis ramets by irradiation mutation and seedling cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour) Mer, also known as Asparagus cochinchinensis or Asparagus cochinchinensis. It tastes sweet, bitter, cold in nature, and enters the lung and kidney meridians. It has the effects of nourishing yin and moistening dryness, clearing the lungs and promoting fluid production. It is one of the important Chinese medicinal materials in my country. It is mainly produced in the southern part of Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and other provinces to the eastern, central and southwestern provinces of China. It grows on hillsides, roadsides, sparse forests, valleys or wastelands below 1,750 meters above sea level.

[0003] Asparagus cochinchinensis has been used as medicine or preserved fruit in the past dynasties. Many Chinese medicine factories in China are using Asparagus cochinchinensis raw materials to produce Chinese patent medicines. The demand for Asparagus cochinchinensis is increasing significantly, and the raw materials are in short supply. At present, the Asparagus cochinchinensis on the market mainly comes from wild resources. With the gradual expansion of the scope of use of Asparagus cochinchinensis and the increase in export volume, wild resources are gradually decreasing, and Asparagus cochinchinensis is in short supply. At the same time, Asparagus cochinchinensis has few seeds, the germination rate and survival rate of seedlings are extremely low, and the seedlings grow slowly, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Therefore, it is urgent to break through technical difficulties and carry out large-scale cultivation of Asparagus cochinchinensis.

[0004] The growth cycle of Asparagus cochinchinensis is 3 years, and the seedling raising period is 12 months. The first year is for seedling raising, the second year is for vegetative growth (root tuber development, nutrient accumulation), and the third year is for maturity. After the first year of seedling raising, it is necessary to divide the cultivated root tubers of Asparagus cochinchinensis seedlings into one plant for cultivation every 3 or so to facilitate the development of root tubers. Therefore, increasing the number of root tubers of Asparagus cochinchinensis seedlings during the seedling raising process can divide more Asparagus cochinchinensis plants at the end of the seedling raising, achieving the effect of rapid expansion and propagation, which is crucial for the subsequent vegetative growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis and is also an important way to increase the yield of Asparagus cochinchinensis.

[0005] This method adopts division propagation, and the germination rate and survival rate are greatly improved. A large number of asparagus seedlings available for cultivation can be quickly obtained, which is beneficial to a substantial increase in the yield of asparagus. It can be used for standardized cultivation and promotion of artificially cultivated asparagus, improve the artificial cultivation level and artificial cultivation quality of asparagus, alleviate the demand pressure on asparagus in the Chinese medicinal materials market, and promote the positive and healthy development of the asparagus industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling cultivation, which can improve the survival rate and germination rate, accelerate the propagation speed of Asparagus cochinchinensis, and improve the yield and quality of tubers.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical method adopted by the present invention includes the steps of greenhouse preparation and seedling environment control, substrate preparation and sterilization, substrate potting, asparagus plant screening, root tuber division, buried pit cultivation, seedling and water and fertilizer management. The specific implementation method is as follows.

[0008] A method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Greenhouse preparation and seedling environment control: According to the amount of Asparagus to be planted, adjust the environmental conditions in the greenhouse and maintain air circulation in the greenhouse;

[0010] (2) Substrate preparation and sterilization: Select loose, fertile, humus-rich, neutral or slightly acidic, and well-permeable sandy loam as the substrate and sterilize it for later use;

[0011] (3) Matrix potting: The selected potting pot should ensure that the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis can grow normally;

[0012] (4) Screening of Asparagus cochinchinensis plants: Select Asparagus cochinchinensis plants that are healthy, vigorous aboveground growth, and free of pests and diseases from the field, dig out the underground tubers, and trim the aboveground branches;

[0013] (5) Root division: Select the plump roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis dug on the day and divide them for division cultivation;

[0014] (6) Irradiation mutagenesis: The electron accelerator is set to an effective dose of 30 Gy, and the tubers after division are irradiated for mutagenesis;

[0015] (7) Buried hole cultivation: Plant one treated plant in each non-woven bag. When planting, bury the small root of each plant in the substrate, with the stem base exposed to the substrate, compact it, and water it in time;

[0016] (8) Seedling cultivation and water and fertilizer management:

[0017] After the plants are planted, the temperature in the greenhouse must be maintained at 20-25℃, the humidity at 60%-75%, and the light intensity at 65%-75% of that outside the greenhouse. Ventilation and topdressing should be carried out in time until new tubers grow and the above-ground parts begin to tiller into small branches.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step (1), a smart greenhouse of corresponding size is established, including basic equipment such as fans, water curtains, automatic roller shutters, and smart environmental sensing and control systems; the temperature in the greenhouse is adjusted to 20-25°C, the humidity to 60%-70%, and the light intensity to 65%-75% of that outside the greenhouse.

[0019] Furthermore, in the step (2), the matrix composition is nutrient soil: river sand = 2:1, and the nutrient soil is a mixture of peat soil, coconut husk, perlite, and vermiculite; during the mixing of the nutrient soil and the river sand, any one of well-rotted cow dung, chicken dung and / or sheep dung is added, 150 kg per mu; 1000 times of carbendazim is used for sterilization, the mixture is mixed, covered with plastic sheeting, and piled for 3 days for use.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step (3), the size of the non-woven bag is: the diameter is greater than 10 cm, the height is greater than 20 cm, and 0.5 cm is left unfilled to facilitate watering; the matrix should be filled evenly and slightly compacted for standby use.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (4), the Asparagus cochinchinensis plants are grown under the forest for at least 36 months, with 10 cm of above-ground branches retained, and the underground tubers are promptly sprayed with water or placed in a fresh-keeping box with ice cubes after being excavated to prevent exposure to the sun.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step (5), a blade is used to divide the tubers. Before dividing, the blade is rinsed with clean water, wiped and disinfected with 75% alcohol, and used after drying. When dividing, every 3-4 small tubers are one plant. When dividing, care should be taken to cut from the base of the stem. The incision should be as small as possible and the growth point of the base of the stem should not be cut.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step (5), when dividing, every three small root tubers constitute one plant.

[0024] Furthermore, in step (6), the electron accelerator is set to an effective dose of 30 Gy.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step (8), new buds will sprout from the original tubers 40-45 days after planting, and the original tubers will continue to grow. On the 70th to 85th day, the new buds will form new tubers, and the above-ground parts will begin to tiller into small branches.

[0026] Furthermore, in the step (8), water and fertilizer management includes: ① water management: after the plants are planted, water supply should be ensured in time to avoid drying of the substrate, especially during the tillering stage of the tubers, that is, the tillering stage starting from the 15th to 20th day after transplanting. The substrate should be kept moist, but not too wet, to prevent tuber rot. Plants entering the tillering stage are usually watered once a week; ② topdressing management: after one month of ramet cultivation, the first topdressing begins, using sprinkler irrigation to topdress compound fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1%; thereafter, topdressing is performed once every month until the end of seedling cultivation, using compound fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1%-0.2%; sprinkler irrigation or sprayer spraying is used.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] By adopting the method of the present invention, the survival rate of asparagus ramets is as high as more than 90%, which greatly improves the work efficiency of asparagus ramet transplanting. The ramet coefficient can be up to 8 times through mutagenesis treatment, a large number of asparagus seedlings can be quickly obtained, the reproduction speed of asparagus is accelerated, which is conducive to the steady improvement of the yield of asparagus, realizes the artificial industrialized planting of asparagus, provides reliable resource guarantee for the deep processing of asparagus, can realize the industrialized and large-scale planting of asparagus, and provides guarantee for the large-scale and standardized cultivation of asparagus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis ramets by irradiation mutation and seedling cultivation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Greenhouse preparation and seedling environment control: According to the amount of Asparagus to be planted, build an intelligent greenhouse of corresponding size, including fans, water curtains, automatic roller shutters, intelligent environmental sensing and control system basic equipment; adjust the environmental conditions in the greenhouse: temperature 20-25℃, humidity 60%-70%, light intensity 65%-75% of the outside of the greenhouse, about 7000Lx, and cover the outer periphery of the greenhouse with 1-2 layers of sunshade nets to achieve semi-shading in the greenhouse and maintain air circulation in the greenhouse;

[0035] (2) Preparation and sterilization of substrate: Loose, fertile, humus-rich, neutral or slightly acidic, and well-permeable sandy loam is selected as the substrate. The substrate composition is nutrient soil: river sand = 2:1, and the nutrient soil is a mixture of peat soil, coconut husk, perlite, and vermiculite; during the mixing of the nutrient soil and river sand, any organic fertilizer such as well-rotted cow dung, chicken dung, and sheep dung (150 kg per mu) is added; 1000 times of carbendazim is used for sterilization, the mixture is mixed, covered with plastic sheeting, and piled for 3 days for use;

[0036] (3) Filling the pot with substrate: The selected cultivation pot should ensure that the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis can grow normally; the diameter can be greater than 10 cm and the height can be greater than 20 cm. Use a shovel to fill the substrate, leaving 0.5 cm of the non-woven bag unfilled for easy watering, ensuring uniformity, and slightly compacting for later use;

[0037] (4) Screening of Asparagus plants: Select Asparagus plants that are healthy, vigorous aboveground growth, free of pests and diseases, and have grown for at least 36 months from the fields where Asparagus is cultivated under the forest. Dig out the underground tubers and trim the aboveground branches to retain 10 cm. After digging out the underground tubers, spray water in time or store them in a fresh-keeping box with ice cubes to prevent them from being exposed to the sun.

[0038] (5) Root division: For the asparagus harvested on the same day, select the plump root tubers and divide them for division cultivation; use a razor blade to divide the root tubers. Before dividing, rinse the blade with clean water, wipe with 75% alcohol for disinfection, and dry it in the sun for about 10 minutes; divide 3-4 small root tubers into one plant. When dividing, be sure to cut from the base of the stem. The incision should be as small as possible and do not cut the growth point of the stem base.

[0039] (6) Irradiation mutagenesis: The electron accelerator is set to an effective dose of 30 Gy, and the tubers after division are irradiated for mutagenesis;

[0040] (7) Buried hole cultivation: Plant one treated plant in each non-woven bag. When planting, bury the small root of each plant in the substrate, with the stem base exposed to the substrate, compact it, and water it in time. Asparagus likes light and tolerates shade, so it is appropriate to shade it in spring and summer to prevent it from being exposed to the sun, and it needs to be sprayed with water frequently.

[0041] (8) Seedling cultivation and water and fertilizer management:

[0042] After the plants are planted, turn on the fan and water curtain from 8 am to 6 pm every day to maintain the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse. The temperature in the greenhouse should be 20-25℃, the humidity should be 60%-75%, and the light intensity should be 65%-75% of that outside the greenhouse, about 7000Lx;

[0043] 40-45 days after planting, the primary tubers will sprout new shoots, ranging from 1cm to 3cm in length. The primary tubers continue to grow, and on the 70th to 85th day, the new shoots form new tubers and the above-ground parts begin to tiller out small branches. At this time, rope pulling and weeding begin.

[0044] Water and fertilizer management: ① Water management: After the plants are planted, water supply must be ensured in time to avoid substrate drying, especially during the tuber tillering stage, which is the stage of tillering starting from the 40th to 45th day after transplanting. The substrate must be kept moist, but not too wet, to prevent tuber infection and rot. Plants are usually watered once a week during the tillering stage. ② Topdressing management: In order to ensure the healthy growth of Asparagus, tuber yield and quality, topdressing should be done in time. The first topdressing begins one month after the division cultivation, with a concentration of 0.1%. After that, topdressing is done every other month until the end of the seedling cultivation. Compound fertilizer can be used, usually by sprinkler irrigation or sprayer spraying, a total of 12 topdressings, with a concentration of 0.1%-0.2%. 1. Effects of different treatment methods on the growth of Asparagus

[0045] According to the treatment methods in Table 1, the irradiation mutagenesis experiment of Asparagus cochinchinensis was carried out respectively, and the effects of different treatment methods on tillering rate and survival rate were compared respectively. The mother plants of Asparagus cochinchinensis used for the experiment grew in the same forest plot, and the growth time was 36 months. 100 Asparagus cochinchinensis were randomly selected as mother plants for treatment in each treatment. The number of ramets after each treatment ramet and the number of ramets that survived after transplanting were counted respectively, and the ramet survival rate was calculated. After the tubers of Asparagus cochinchinensis were transplanted, new buds could be sprouted on the 40th to 45th day. Each bud could develop into a tuber during the seedling raising process. Therefore, the number of newly sprouted buds after irradiation could be counted to predict the number of new tubers of Asparagus cochinchinensis, and then the number of Asparagus cochinchinensis plants that could be obtained by ramets at the end of seedling raising could be calculated. Therefore, the present invention counts the number of newly grown shoots on the 45th day after irradiation, and calculates the divisibility coefficient of each ramet obtained in each treatment group after irradiation according to the standard that every three newly grown root tubers can be divided into one plant. The average of all ramet coefficients of each treatment is the average divisibility coefficient of the treatment, and then calculates the number of divisible plants that can be obtained from the newly grown shoots. The results are shown in Table 1. Divisibility coefficient = number of newly grown shoots after irradiation treatment of each ramet / 3;

[0046] Division survival rate = number of surviving plants / number of plants planted after irradiation treatment * 100%;

[0047] Number of divisible plants = divisible plant coefficient * number of surviving divisible plants

[0048] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on the growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The average survival rate and divisible plant coefficient of treatment groups 3 and 4 were both high, and the final number of divisible plants was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups. Treatment 3 had a better effect, with a more obvious improvement in survival rate and divisible plant coefficient, and the final number of divisible plants was the largest.

[0052] Although the average survival rate and division coefficient of treatment group 5 were higher, the number of ramets that survived was less, so the number of ramets that could be divided was significantly lower than that of treatment groups 3 and 4.

[0053] Although the survival rate and number of surviving ramets in treatment group 11 were higher, the number of ramets that could be divided was significantly lower than that in treatment groups 3 and 4 because the ramet coefficient was significantly reduced.

[0054] Although the number of surviving ramets in treatment groups 1, 6, 7, and 8 was large, the survival rate was low, which increased the workload of transplanting and was not conducive to production. In addition, due to the low ramet coefficient, the number of ramets obtained was significantly lower than that in treatment groups 3 and 4.

[0055] The number of surviving ramets and the coefficient of divisible ramets in treatment groups 2, 9 and 10 were all low. The number of divisible ramets finally obtained was not only significantly lower than that in treatment groups 3 and 4, but also significantly lower than that in other treatment groups.

[0056] Therefore, the entire data in Table 1 illustrate that the processing method of the present invention can significantly improve the divisible coefficient and survival rate of Asparagus cochinchinensis, and can significantly improve the number of divisible plants finally obtained, which is conducive to quickly obtaining a large number of Asparagus cochinchinensis seedlings. At the same time, in order to reduce the number of young shoots in each ramet and ensure better growth of new young shoots in the subsequent seedling raising process, taking into account the divisible coefficient and survival rate, each ramet is selected to retain 3-4 tubers during the cultivation process, wherein retaining 3 tubers is the best effect.

[0057] 2. Choice of aboveground branch length

[0058] For ease of calculation, Asparagus cochinchinensis plants with 12 tubers were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups. Three small tubers were retained in each ramet. Irradiation mutagenesis and cultivation were carried out according to the method of Example 1, except that the aboveground branches were retained at different lengths. The divisibility coefficient and survival rate were calculated according to the method in "One".

[0059] Table 3 Effect of upper branch retention length on the growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis

[0060] Serial number Retained length of above-ground branches (cm) Divisibility coefficient Survival rate 1 3 4.67 5％ 2 5 6.00 28％ 3 8 7.67 61％ 4 10 7.67 89％ 5 12 8.33 90％ 6 15 8.33 90％

[0061] As can be seen from Table 3, when the length of the above-ground branches is between 3-5 cm, the survival rate of the Asparagus cochinchinensis is low and the divisibility coefficient is also low. When the length of the above-ground branches is between 8-15 cm, the divisibility coefficient does not vary much, but the survival rate varies greatly. Therefore, based on the data of divisibility coefficient and survival rate, it is recommended to select above-ground branches with a length of at least 10 cm during cultivation.

[0062] 3. Selection of irradiation dose

[0063] For the convenience of calculation, 12 Asparagus plants with tubers were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups. According to the method described in Example 1, every 3 tubers were divided into one plant, and different effective doses were set respectively. After cultivation, the coefficient of separability and survival rate were calculated according to the method in "1", and the appropriate effective dose was selected. CK was not irradiated, and the others were treated with reference to the example.

[0064] Table 4 Effect of irradiation dose on the growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis

[0065] Serial number Radiation dose (Gy) Divisibility coefficient Survival rate 1 15 5.33 93％ 2 30 8.33 91％ 3 45 7.67 71％ 4 60 7.33 66％ 5 75 7.33 47％ 6 CK 4.67 92％

[0066] As can be seen from Table 4, under different irradiation doses, the division coefficient increased to varying degrees relative to CK. In the range of 15-75Gy, with the increase of irradiation dose, the division coefficient increased first and then decreased, while the survival rate in the range of 15-30Gy could be maintained above 90%, and the survival rate decreased significantly between 45-75Gy. Therefore, taking into account both the division coefficient and the survival rate, the irradiation dose was selected as 30Gy.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling cultivation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Greenhouse preparation and seedling environment control: According to the amount of Asparagus to be planted, adjust the environmental conditions in the greenhouse and maintain air circulation in the greenhouse; (2) Substrate preparation and sterilization: Select loose, fertile, humus-rich, neutral or slightly acidic, and well-permeable sandy loam as the substrate and sterilize it for later use; (3) Matrix potting: The selected potting pot should ensure that the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis can grow normally; (4) Screening of Asparagus cochinchinensis plants: Select Asparagus cochinchinensis plants that are healthy, vigorous aboveground growth, and free of pests and diseases from the field, dig out the underground tubers, and trim the aboveground branches; (5) Root division: Select the plump roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis dug on the day and divide them for division cultivation; (6) Irradiation mutagenesis: The electron accelerator is set to an effective dose of 30 Gy, and the root tubers after division are irradiated for mutagenesis; (7) Buried hole cultivation: Plant one treated plant in each non-woven bag. When planting, bury the small root of each plant in the substrate, with the stem base exposed to the substrate, compact it, and water it in time; (8) Seedling cultivation and water and fertilizer management: After the plants are planted, the temperature in the greenhouse must be maintained at 20-25℃, the humidity at 60%-75%, and the light intensity at 65%-75% of that outside the greenhouse. Ventilation and topdressing should be carried out in time until new tubers grow and the above-ground parts begin to tiller into small branches.

2. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), a smart greenhouse of corresponding size is established, including basic equipment such as fans, water curtains, automatic roller shutters, and smart environmental sensing and control systems; the temperature in the greenhouse is adjusted to 20-25°C, the humidity to 60%-70%, and the light intensity to 65%-75% of that outside the greenhouse.

3. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling cultivation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the matrix composition is nutrient soil: river sand = 2:1, and the nutrient soil is a mixture of peat soil, coconut husk, perlite and vermiculite; during the mixing of the nutrient soil and the river sand, any organic fertilizer selected from well-rotted cow dung, chicken dung and / or sheep dung is added, 150 kg per mu; 1000 times of carbendazim is used for sterilization, the mixture is mixed, covered with plastic sheeting, and piled for 3 days for use.

4. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutagenesis seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the size of the non-woven bag is: the diameter is greater than 10 cm, the height is greater than 20 cm, and 0.5 cm is left unfilled to facilitate watering; the matrix should be filled evenly and slightly compacted for later use.

5. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the asparagus plants are grown under the forest for at least 36 months, with 10 cm of above-ground branches retained, and the underground tubers are promptly sprayed with water or placed in a fresh-keeping box with ice cubes for temporary storage after being excavated to prevent exposure to the sun.

6. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), a blade is used to divide the tubers. Before dividing, the blade is rinsed with clean water, wiped and disinfected with 75% alcohol, and used after drying. When dividing, every 3-4 small tubers are one plant. When dividing, care should be taken to cut from the stem base, and the incision should be as small as possible, and the growth point of the stem base should not be cut.

7. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), when dividing, every three small root tubers constitute one plant.

8. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), the electron accelerator is set to an effective dose of 30 Gy.

9. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (8), new buds will sprout from the original tubers 40-45 days after planting, and the original tubers will continue to grow. On the 70th to 85th day, the new buds will form new tubers, and the above-ground part will begin to tiller into small branches.

10. The method for rapid propagation of Asparagus cochinchinensis by irradiation mutation seedling raising as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (8), water and fertilizer management includes: ① water management: after the plants are planted, water supply should be ensured in time to avoid drying of the substrate, especially during the tillering stage of the tuber, that is, the tillering stage starting from the 15th to 20th day after transplanting. The substrate should be kept moist, but not too wet, to prevent the tuber from rotting. Plants entering the tillering stage are usually watered once a week; ② topdressing management: after one month of ramet cultivation, the first topdressing begins, using sprinkler irrigation to topdress compound fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1%; thereafter, topdressing is performed once every month until the seedling cultivation is completed, using compound fertilizer at a concentration of 0.1%-0.2%; sprinkler irrigation or sprayer spraying is used.

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