Feed for improving reproductive performance of procambarus clarkii and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed for improving the reproductive performance of procambarus clarkii. The feed comprises the following components: a protein source, a fat source, carbohydrate, an additive and a premix. The feed is simple in formula and rich in nutrition, fully meets the demand of the parent procambarus clarkii for protein under natural conditions, greatly improves the reproductive index, the egg carrying amount and the reproductive power of the procambarus clarkii, and improves the reproductive performance of the procambarus clarkii.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a feed for Procambarus clarkii, in particular to a feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The appropriate protein level in aquatic animal feed plays a vital role in improving the production performance and economic benefits of aquatic animals. At present, the research reports on the protein requirement of Procambarus clarkii are mainly concentrated in the juvenile period, while there are fewer studies on the broodstock stage and a lack of systematic research. Due to the vigorous biosynthesis and metabolism of broodstock during gonadal maturation and reproductive incubation, it is generally believed that the protein requirement of the broodstock stage is higher than that of the non-reproductive stage. However, there are no research reports on the protein nutritional requirements of Procambarus clarkii broodstock. Secondly, the existing research is mainly completed in indoor culture systems and cement pools, and there is a lack of research on protein requirements under conditions close to production practice. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii, which can effectively improve the reproductive index, egg carrying capacity and fecundity of Procambarus clarkii.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii, characterized by comprising the following components: a protein source, a fat source, carbohydrates, additives and premixes.

[0007] The above-mentioned protein source can specifically be selected from fish meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, chicken meal, hemoglobin meal and corn gluten meal.

[0008] The above-mentioned fat source can specifically be selected from fish oil and soybean oil.

[0009] The above-mentioned carbohydrates can specifically be corn starch.

[0010] The above-mentioned additives can specifically be selected from calcium dihydrogen phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, salt, choline chloride, cholesterol and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0011] To further clarify, the amount of the above materials, by weight, is 9.5-12 parts of fish meal, 5.5-7 parts of peanut meal, 15.8-20 parts of soybean meal, 4.8-6 parts of hemoglobin powder, 10.3-13 parts of chicken meal, 13.5-17 parts of corn protein powder, 1.9-2.25 parts of fish oil, 1.9-2.25 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 8-23 parts of corn starch, 5.6-5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix.

[0012] To further clarify, the amount of the above materials, by weight, is 10.3 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of peanut meal, 17.2 parts of soybean meal, 5.2 parts of hemoglobin powder, 11.2 parts of chicken meal, 14.6 parts of corn gluten meal, 2.15 parts of fish oil, 2.15 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 18 parts of corn starch, 5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix.

[0013] The above premix specifically includes vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , Vitamin C, D-calcium pantothenate, niacinamide, folic acid, D-biotin, inositol, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, cobalt, iodine, selenium.

[0014] As a further clarification, the dosage of each substance composition of the above premix in each kilogram of the feed is: vitamin A150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0015] The method for preparing the feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii is characterized in that it comprises the following steps in sequence: the feed raw materials are crushed and then passed through a 60-mesh sieve, mixed step by step and then fully mixed to form a granular feed, which is then dried, collected, and refrigerated for later use.

[0016] Furthermore, the particle size of the granular feed is 3 mm; the collection after drying is drying in an oven at 60° C. for 90 minutes and then collecting in a ziplock bag; the refrigeration is placing in a -20° C. refrigerator for standby use.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii. The feed has a simple formula and is rich in nutrition. It fully meets the protein requirements of Procambarus clarkii broodstock under natural conditions, greatly improves the reproductive index, egg holding capacity and reproductive capacity of Procambarus clarkii, and improves its reproductive performance. In addition, the preparation method of the feed provided by the present invention has the advantage of being simple and easy to prepare. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples to provide a better understanding of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 9.5 parts of fish meal, 5.5 parts of peanut meal, 15.8 parts of soybean meal, 4.8 parts of hemoglobin powder, 10.3 parts of chicken meal, 13.5 parts of corn gluten powder, 2.25 parts of fish oil, 2.25 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 23 parts of corn starch, 5.7 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: vitamin A 150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0022] The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps in sequence: the feed raw materials are crushed and then passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mixed step by step to make granular feed with a particle size of 3 mm, and then dried in an oven at 60° C. for 90 minutes, and then collected in a ziplock bag, and placed in a -20° C. refrigerator for standby storage.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 10.3 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of peanut meal, 17.2 parts of soybean meal, 5.2 parts of hemoglobin powder, 11.2 parts of chicken meal, 14.6 parts of corn gluten powder, 2.15 parts of fish oil, 2.15 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts of corn starch, 5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: vitamin A 150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0025] The preparation method of the feed is the same as that of Example 1.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 11.2 parts of fish meal, 6.5 parts of peanut meal, 18.6 parts of soybean meal, 5.6 parts of hemoglobin powder, 12.1 parts of chicken meal, 15.8 parts of corn gluten powder, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 13.2 parts of corn starch, 5.6 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: vitamin A 150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0028] The preparation method of the feed is the same as that in Example 1.

[0029] Example 4

[0030] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 12 parts of fish meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 20 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of hemoglobin powder, 13 parts of chicken meal, 17 parts of corn gluten powder, 1.9 parts of fish oil, 1.9 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of corn starch, 5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: vitamin A 150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0031] The preparation method of the feed is the same as that of Example 1.

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 7.8 parts of fish meal, 4.6 parts of peanut meal, 13 parts of soybean meal, 3.9 parts of hemoglobin powder, 8.5 parts of chicken meal, 11.1 parts of corn gluten powder, 2.5 parts of fish oil, 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 33 parts of corn starch, 5.7 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: vitamin A 150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 123.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0034] The preparation method of the feed is the same as that of Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 2

[0036] A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following components by weight: 8.7 parts of fish meal, 5.1 parts of peanut meal, 14.4 parts of soybean meal, 4.3 parts of hemoglobin powder, 9.4 parts of chicken meal, 12.3 parts of corn gluten powder, 2.4 parts of fish oil, 2.4 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 28 parts of corn starch, 5.6 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix; wherein the components of the premix and their usage per kilogram of feed are: 150000 IU of vitamin A, 5000 IU of vitamin D3, 3000 mg of vitamin E, 350 mg of vitamin K3, 400 mg of vitamin B1, 800 mg of vitamin B2, 350 mg of vitamin B6, and 1 part of vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

[0037] The preparation method of the feed is the same as that of Example 1.

[0038] The present invention also carried out the following animal experiments:

[0039] The shrimps for the experiment were purchased from Shengfa Fishery Cooperative in Rongchang District, Chongqing. The experiment was carried out in the rice fields of the breeding base of Shengfa Fishery Cooperative. 360 shrimps with an initial body weight of (20.30±0.24)g, strong physique and complete appendages were randomly placed in 18 cages (length×width×height=1.5m×1.5m×1m) and randomly divided into 6 treatment groups. Each treatment group was set up with 3 replicates, and 20 shrimps were stocked in each replicate. The breeding experiment lasted for 56 days. During the breeding period, the water temperature was 12-26℃, and the experimental feed was fed at 7:00 and 18:00 every day, 3%-5% of the total weight of the shrimp, and the feeding amount was adjusted in time according to the feeding situation. Oxygen supply was given according to weather conditions, water temperature was monitored and recorded every day, water quality indicators were measured once every two days, and appropriate adjustments were made according to the water quality indicators. Keep the water quality relatively stable during the breeding period: dissolved oxygen>5mg / L, pH 7.0-8.0, ammonia nitrogen content<0.5mg / L, nitrite content<0.01mg / L. The above indicators are all within the safe range of water quality indicators for crayfish breeding.

[0040] Index determination and analysis methods:

[0041] Three female shrimps were randomly taken from each cage, and their eggs were completely separated and weighed using an electronic balance (MTS600, Shenzhen Meifu Electronics Co., Ltd., accuracy = 0.01 g) to measure the fecundity. The reproduction index (RI), egg production (EP), and fecundity (FD) of each treatment group were calculated.

[0042] Fecundity (FD) = N e / W t

[0043] Reproduction index (RI) = W e / W f ×100%

[0044] In the above formula, W e represents the total egg mass at the end of the experiment (g); W f is the average body weight of Procambarus clarkii at the end of the experiment (g); N e Represents the number of eggs at the end of the experiment.

[0045] The effects of different protein levels in feed on the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii broodstock are shown in Table 1 below. The reproductive index (RI) first increased and then stabilized with the increase of feed protein level, reaching the maximum in Example 2 group, which was significantly different from Comparative Examples 1 and 2 groups (P<0.05). The number of eggs (EP) first increased and then decreased with the increase of protein level, and reached the maximum in Example 2 group, which was significantly different from Comparative Examples 1 and 2 groups (P<0.05). The reproductive capacity (FD) reached the maximum in Example 2 group, which was significantly different from Comparative Examples 1 and 2, Example 1 group and Example 4 group (P<0.05), and was not significantly different from Example 3 group (P>0.05).

[0046] Table 1 Effects of different protein levels in feed on reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii broodstock

[0047]

Claims

1. A feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii, characterized in that: It includes the following components: Protein sources, fat sources, carbohydrates, additives and premixes.

2. The feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protein source is selected from fish meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, chicken meal, hemoglobin powder and corn gluten powder; the fat source is selected from fish oil and soybean oil; the carbohydrate is selected from corn starch; and the additive is selected from calcium dihydrogen phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, salt, choline chloride, cholesterol and carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. The feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amounts of the materials are, by weight, 9.5-12 parts of fish meal, 5.5-7 parts of peanut meal, 15.8-20 parts of soybean meal, 4.8-6 parts of hemoglobin powder, 10.3-13 parts of chicken meal, 13.5-17 parts of corn gluten powder, 1.9-2.25 parts of fish oil, 1.9-2.25 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 8-23 parts of corn starch, 5.6-5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix.

4. The feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amounts of the materials are, by weight, 10.3 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of peanut meal, 17.2 parts of soybean meal, 5.2 parts of hemoglobin powder, 11.2 parts of chicken meal, 14.6 parts of corn gluten powder, 2.15 parts of fish oil, 2.15 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts of corn starch, 5.8 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of choline chloride, 0.5 parts of cholesterol, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of premix.

5. The feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix specifically includes vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , Vitamin C, D-calcium pantothenate, niacinamide, folic acid, D-biotin, inositol, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, cobalt, iodine, selenium.

6. The feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The dosage of each substance component of the premix in each kilogram of the feed is: vitamin A150000IU, vitamin D3 5000IU, vitamin E 3000mg, vitamin K3 350mg, vitamin B1 400mg, vitamin B2 800mg, vitamin B6 350mg, vitamin B 12 3.5mg, Vitamin C 6000mg, D-calcium pantothenate 4000mg, Niacinamide 3600mg, Folic acid 300mg, D-biotin 6mg, Inositol 3000mg, Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4000mg, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 2050mg, Manganese sulfate monohydrate 650mg, Copper sulfate pentahydrate 600mg, Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 3000mg, Cobalt 110mg, Iodine 100mg, Selenium 30mg.

7. The method for preparing a feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are included in sequence: The feed raw materials used are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve. After being mixed step by step and fully mixed, they are made into granular feed, dried, collected, and refrigerated for later use.

8. The method for preparing a feed for improving the reproductive performance of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle size of the granular feed is 3 mm; the collection after drying is to dry it in an oven at 60° C. for 90 minutes and then collect it in a ziplock bag; the refrigeration is to place it in a -20° C. refrigerator for standby use.

Images