Fresh tobacco stem and leaf separation equipment

Abstract

A fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation device is characterized by comprising a stem-holding mechanism, a stem-leaf separation blade pair, a leaf collection box, a stem collection box, and a power unit. The stem-holding mechanism consists of two clamping rotating belts arranged in a "V" shape. Each clamping rotating belt is driven by a set of rotating wheels, and each set of rotating wheels consists of front and rear wheels and is driven by the power unit. Each clamping rotating belt has elastic, staggered-tooth clamping protrusions on both sides. The stem-leaf separation blade pair consists of two blades forming a "V"-shaped oblique blade pair, which is positioned adjacent to the front end of the stem-holding mechanism. This invention provides a reasonable structure and good continuity, improving the efficiency and quality of stem-leaf separation, and is suitable for large-scale, industrialized production lines processing fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fresh tobacco leaf harvesting and curing, and specifically relates to a fresh tobacco leaf stem-leaf separation device with simple structure and capable of improving stem-leaf separation quality and efficiency. BACKGROUND

[0002] De-stemming and curing of flue-cured tobacco is a new type of curing method developed since 2005, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly and has no high-temperature drying stage. During the early stage of flue-cured tobacco curing, the tobacco leaves accumulate aroma. During the later stage of curing, the tobacco leaves are dried, and the temperature and wind speed are high, which often rapidly reduces the content of aroma substances accumulated in the early stage of curing, seriously affecting the quality of the tobacco. De-stemming and curing without high-temperature drying stage avoids the loss of aroma during the later stage of curing, which leads to a rapid decrease in the content of aroma substances in cured tobacco and a decrease in sensory quality, thereby improving the aroma quality and usability of cured tobacco leaves.

[0003] The invention patent "De-stemming and curing method for effectively reducing the attenuation of aroma characteristics of sulfur sand tobacco" (CN202010391631) was authorized on March 25, 2022. In addition to the authorized curing method, the patent also relates to harvesting, de-stemming, and leaf pole weaving. The patent mentions "harvesting fresh tobacco leaves of suitable maturity of sulfur sand tobacco varieties"; for de-stemming, it only says "cutting off the main veins of sulfur sand tobacco leaves and weaving the leaves on both sides of the main veins", without specifying the specific de-stemming method and the use of instruments. In fact, in addition to the curing process, de-stemming and curing requires a key technology of de-stemming and curing, which must be clean and efficient to realize the production and application of de-stemming and curing technology.

[0004] The utility model patent CN202022316282 "Tobacco de-stemming device" authorized on June 15, 2021, is a de-stemming needle for cured tobacco leaves. Its main structure is a cutting rope fixed on three connecting ends of an approximately 30° acute triangle, and the acute angle corresponds to an open side. The approximately 30° acute angle formed by the two cutting ropes is used to clamp the tobacco stem and leaf. The tobacco stem is manually pulled to cut off the tobacco leaves on both sides of the tobacco stem, thereby realizing stem-leaf separation. The cutting device used in the patent is a cutting rope, which can improve the efficiency of tobacco stem-leaf separation. However, since the cutting rope is not sharp, it cannot guarantee the cutting of all large veins of tobacco leaves and the residual leaf blades on the veins. The device has a certain practicality for a small amount of cured tobacco stem-leaf separation, but it cannot meet the de-stemming efficiency and quality requirements for a large amount of fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation.

[0005] The utility model patent CN202321807913 "Tobacco Stem Removing Device" authorized on January 2, 2024 is also aimed at the post-curing leaf, and its main structure is that two cutting knives and two eight-shaped rotating wheels driven by a motor are fixedly installed on a mounting plate, the inner side of the two rotating wheels is provided with a grabbing nail, the head part of the tobacco stem is placed between the two cutting knives, then the rotating wheel is started, the inner side grabbing nail fixes and drags the tobacco stem to move the tobacco leaf, the cutting knife cuts and separates the tobacco leaf and the tobacco stem, the tobacco stem is removed, after the tobacco stem is removed, since the rotating wheel is eight-shaped, the grabbing nail is separated from the tobacco stem after reaching a certain position, the tobacco stem automatically falls into the tobacco stem collector, and the tobacco leaf can be continuously placed between the two eight-shaped rotating wheels driven by the motor by manual operation, so that the tobacco stem and leaf separation is realized.The patent improves the tobacco stem and leaf separation efficiency of the primary curing leaf to a certain extent, since the last tobacco leaf and the current leaf need to be placed with the eight-shaped two cutting knives opened, the cutting tool structure is complex, the stem removal is not continuous, the efficiency is low, the stem removal quality is not verified, and the requirements of processing a large batch of fresh tobacco leaves on the stem and leaf separation quality and efficiency cannot be met.

[0006] Based on the practical requirements of clean and high efficiency of the stem and leaf separation in the production of the stem and leaf separation based on the stem removing curing technology, the two existing patents CN202022316282 and CN202321807913 cannot meet the needs of the stem removal continuity and high efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, a stem and leaf separation device with high stem and leaf separation efficiency, no residual leaf on the stem, good continuity and capable of processing a large batch of tobacco leaves to be removed is developed to solve the problems of the existing patent technologies. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency fresh tobacco stem and leaf separation device with a reasonable structure and improved stem and leaf separation quality.

[0009] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A fresh tobacco stem and leaf separation device, comprising a tobacco stem clamping mechanism, a stem and leaf separation knife pair, a leaf collecting box, a tobacco stem collecting box and a power device; the tobacco stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts and arranged in a "V" shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a group of rotating wheels, each group of rotating wheels is composed of front and rear wheels and driven by a power device, and each clamping rotating belt is provided with a certain elastic long and short staggered tooth clamping protrusion on both sides; the stem and leaf separation knife pair is composed of two cutting tools and arranged in a "V" shaped oblique knife pair, and the "V" shaped oblique knife pair is arranged close to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism.

[0011] The matching surface of the clamping rotating belt and the rotating wheel is a concave-convex matching embedded structure, so as to ensure that the rotating belt does not fall off the rotating wheel during the rotation of the rotating wheel.

[0012] The inner belt surface of the clamping rotating belt is convex, and the surface of the rotating wheel is concave, and the two are matched and embedded with each other.

[0013] The thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, and the height of the clamping protrusion is 1-2 cm.

[0014] The included angle of the two clamping rotating belts arranged in a "V" shape is 5°-30°.

[0015] The included angle of the "V" shaped oblique knife pair is 5°-30°.

[0016] The "V" shaped oblique knife pair is installed at the end wheel close to the rotating direction of the two groups of rotating wheels, and is located at the lower part of the wheel. The height of the gradually narrow closed end of the "V" shaped oblique knife pair is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping belt wheel.

[0017] The rear wheel of each group of rotating wheels is connected with the power device.

[0018] The "V" shaped oblique knife pair is fixed on the base support outside the two groups of wheel belts through a steel support, and a knife holder for clamping the knife is arranged on the support.

[0019] The leaf collecting box is arranged below the "V" shaped oblique knife pair, and the tobacco stem collecting box is arranged below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

[0020] The use process of the present application is as follows:

[0021] 1) The rotating wheel and the clamping rotating belt are driven by the electric power device. The tobacco leaves are placed above the two groups of clamping belt wheels with the leaf surface facing the belt wheel, and the tobacco stems are placed in the clamping gap of the two groups of belt wheels (see Figure 5 ). The belt wheel clamps the tobacco stem end, and then the hand is released. With the narrowing of the clamping gap, the tobacco stem is clamped by the long and short teeth clamping protrusions. The motor drives the rotating wheel, and the clamping rotating belt holds the clamped tobacco leaves and moves into the knife opening. When the clamping protrusion on one side is worn, the left and right clamping rotating belts can be exchanged to update the clamping working surface.

[0022] 2) The tobacco leaf blade droops under the action of gravity, especially the leaf tip droops greatly. The tobacco leaf blade droops in time and appropriately, and the main vein of the tobacco leaf is pressed downward to the knife opening with a suitable width. The side surface of the knife closely contacts the tobacco leaf stem, and with the movement of the tobacco leaf stem, the knife opening of the "V" shaped oblique knife pair cuts the leaf meat and branch vein from the tobacco stem, realizes the separation of the stem and leaf, and the cut tobacco leaf blade automatically falls into the leaf collecting box.

[0023] 3) As the tobacco stem moves further, the two sets of V-shaped rollers and the clamping rollers move to the other end of the rollers and rotate upwards to a certain position, increasing the distance between them. The tobacco leaf stalks automatically detach from between the two sets of rollers and fall into the tobacco stem collection box placed below.

[0024] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: Two clamping belts with elastic, staggered toothed protrusions tightly hold the tobacco stems. A motor drives a rotating wheel, and the clamping belts move the held tobacco leaves into the cutting edge. As the leaf stalks move, the V-shaped oblique blades cut the leaf blades, mesophyll, and veins from the stems, achieving stem-leaf separation. The separation equipment of this invention has a reasonable structure and good continuity, improving the efficiency and quality of stem-leaf separation, and is suitable for large-scale, industrialized production lines processing fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of the pulleys in the device of the present invention, showing two sets of opposing clamping and rotating pulleys in a "V" shape and an oblique pair of blades;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view of the pulley and tool pair;

[0027] Figure 3 Enlarged view of the convex clamping protrusions with staggered long and short teeth on both sides of the rotating belt, which clamp the inner surface of the rotating belt;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the pulley;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. ；

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the tool holder and the tool clip;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the blade holder and the cutting blade;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 1-10In the middle: 1. Power unit (i.e., drive motor); 2. Clamping rotating belt; 3. Rotating wheel; 4. Clamping protrusion; 5. Anti-deviation protrusion of rotating belt; 6. Groove on the surface of rotating wheel; 7. Partial part of wheel axle; 8. Tool clamp fixing frame; 9. Tool clamp for fixing the tool; 10. Tool; 11. Twist nut; 12. "V" shaped oblique tool pair; 12-1. Narrow closed end of oblique tool pair; 13. Blade collection box; 14. Tobacco stem collection box; 15. Base bracket; The arrow indicates the rotation direction of the pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] like Figures 1-9 As shown: A fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation device includes a stem clamping mechanism, a stem-leaf separation blade pair, a leaf collection box 13, a stem collection box 14, and a power unit 1. The stem clamping mechanism consists of two clamping rotating belts 2 arranged in a "V" shape. Each clamping rotating belt is driven by a set of rotating wheels 3. Each set of rotating wheels 3 consists of front and rear wheels and is driven by the power unit 1. Each clamping rotating belt 2 has a certain elasticity and staggered tooth clamping protrusions 4 on both sides (the thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, and the height of its clamping protrusions is 1-2 cm). The stem-leaf separation blade pair consists of two blades 10 forming a "V" shaped oblique blade pair 12, which is located adjacent to the front end of the stem clamping mechanism (see [reference]). Figure 2 , Figure 5 ).

[0038] The inner surface of the clamping rotating belt is provided with anti-deviation protrusions 5, and the surface of the pulley is grooved 6. The two fit together to ensure that the clamping rotating belt does not fall off the pulley during operation (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0039] The V-shaped oblique blades 12 for separating the stem blades are installed close to the wheel at the end where the two sets of rotating wheels are turned downwards, located slightly below the wheel. The height of the gradually narrowing closed end 12-1 of the V-shaped oblique blades is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge L of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping pulley (see...). Figure 2 ).

[0040] The rear wheel of each set of wheels is connected to the power unit.

[0041] The “V”-shaped oblique blade pair is fixed to the base bracket 15 on the outer side of the two sets of tires via bracket 8 (see...). Figure 5 , Figure 6 The bracket is equipped with a tool holder 9 with an upward-facing slot for clamping the tool 10 (see...). Figure 7 ).

[0042] The blade collection box 13 is located below the "V"-shaped oblique blade pair 12, and the tobacco stem collection box 14 is located below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

[0043] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying figures, details the structural features, working principle, and usage of this invention:

[0044] 1. The mechanism for clamping the tobacco leaf petiole consists of two sets of rotating wheels (each set of rotating wheels consists of two wheels), each set of rotating wheels drives a clamping rotating belt, and the two opposing clamping rotating belts form a "V" shape. Figure 1 The included angle ranges from 5° to 30°, and the two sides of the small-angle "V"-shaped clamping rotating belt are provided with a certain degree of elasticity and staggered tooth clamping protrusions. Figure 2 ), such as the long and short staggered tooth clamping protrusion structure ( Figure 3 The "V"-shaped clamping strap and the wheel have complementary convex and concave contact surfaces. The inner surface of the clamping strap is convex, while the wheel surface is concave, and the two fit together perfectly. Figure 4 This ensures that the belt is held in place and does not fall off the pulley during operation.

[0045] 2. The "V"-shaped oblique blades for separating the stem blades are installed close to the wheel at the end where the two sets of rotating wheels turn downwards, located slightly below that wheel. The height of the gradually narrowing and closing end of the "V"-shaped oblique blades is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping pulley. Figure 2 The angle between the "V"-shaped beveled cutters ranges from 5° to 30°. The beveled cutters are fixed to the base brackets on the outer sides of the two sets of tires via steel supports. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The bracket has a knife holder with an upward-facing slot. Figure 7 The tool holder has a fixing screw and a nut that can be gripped and twisted by hand. The tool is fixed to the steel bracket inside the tool holder by twisting the nut.

[0046] 3. The rotating wheel and clamping belt are driven by a power device such as an electric motor. The tobacco leaf petiole is placed in the gap between the two sets of belt wheels with the front of the tobacco leaf facing the belt wheel, above the two sets of clamping belt wheels where the blade pair is installed. Figure 5 As the gap narrows, the tobacco leaf stalk is clamped, and the motor drives the rotating wheel. The clamping rotating belt carries the clamped tobacco leaf into the cutting edge.

[0047] 4. The tobacco leaves droop under the influence of gravity, especially the leaf tips. The drooping of the leaves presses down the main vein of the tobacco leaf into the appropriate width of the blade. The side of the blade is close to the tobacco leaf petiole. As the tobacco leaf petiole moves, the V-shaped oblique blade cuts the leaf mesophyll and branch veins of the tobacco leaf off the stem, realizing the separation of stem and leaf. The cut tobacco leaves automatically fall into the leaf collection box.

[0048] 5. As the tobacco stem moves further, the two sets of V-shaped rollers and the clamping rollers move to the other end of the rollers and rotate upwards to a certain position, increasing the distance between them. The tobacco leaf stalks automatically detach from between the two sets of rollers and fall into the tobacco stem collection box placed below.

[0049] 6. Cleaning and maintenance of the cutting tool: Tighten the nut, remove the cutting tool, place it in a cleaning solution, scrape it clean, rinse with clean water, and then reinstall it. Figure 7 ).

Claims

1. A green leaf and stem separation apparatus, characterized by: The device comprises tobacco stem clamping mechanism, tobacco leaf and stem separating knife pair, tobacco leaf collecting box, tobacco stem collecting box and power device; the tobacco stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts and arranged in "V" shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a set of rotating wheels, each set of rotating wheels is composed of front and rear wheels and driven by the power device, the two sides of each clamping rotating belt are provided with elastic long and short tooth clamping protrusions; the tobacco leaf and stem separating knife pair is composed of two knives and arranged in "V" shape, the "V" shaped knife pair is arranged close to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism. The thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, the height of the clamping protrusions on the two sides is 1-2 cm; The included angle of the two clamping rotating belts arranged in "V" shape is 5°-30°; The included angle of the "V" shaped knife pair is 5°-30°; The "V" shaped knife pair is installed on the lower end wheel of the two sets of rotating wheels, located at the lower part of the wheel, the height of the narrow closed end of the "V" shaped knife pair is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower part of the clamping belt of the clamping wheel.

2. Fresh tobacco leaf and stem separation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching surface between the clamping rotating belt and the rotating wheel is concave-convex matching structure to ensure that the clamping rotating belt does not fall off during the rotation of the belt wheel.

3. Fresh tobacco leaf and stem separation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner surface of the clamping rotating belt is convex, and the surface of the rotating wheel is concave, and they are matched and embedded with each other.

4. The fresh tobacco leaf lint separation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The rear wheel of each set of rotating wheels is connected with the power device.

5. The fresh tobacco leaf lint separation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The "V" shaped knife pair is fixed on the base bracket outside the two sets of wheel belts through a steel bracket, and the bracket is provided with a slot opening upward for clamping the knife.

6. The fresh tobacco leaf lint separation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The tobacco leaf collecting box is arranged below the "V" shaped knife pair, and the tobacco stem collecting box is arranged below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

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