Complete photovoltaic module recovery device and recovery method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a complete photovoltaic module recovery device and a recovery method thereof.The complete photovoltaic module recovery device comprises pretreatment equipment, backboard removal equipment, visual sorting equipment, turnover equipment, heating equipment, complete glass separation equipment, glass discharging and stacking equipment and cutting equipment, and the pretreatment equipment conducts centering treatment, edge glue scraping treatment and thickness measuring treatment on a photovoltaic module; the back plate removing device removes a back plate of the photovoltaic module, the visual sorting device detects the back plate removing rate of the photovoltaic module, the overturning device overturns the photovoltaic module, the heating device heats the photovoltaic module until an adhesive film is softened, and the complete glass separating device separates a glass plate and a battery piece of the heated photovoltaic module. Glass plates are classified and stacked through the glass discharging and stacking equipment, and battery pieces are cut through the cutting equipment. The problem of environmental pollution can be effectively avoided, products can be put into subsequent processes without secondary treatment, the automation degree and the production efficiency are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the material recovery rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, and specifically, relates to a complete photovoltaic module recycling device and a recycling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, photovoltaics is a new type of power generation system that uses the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. It has two modes of independent operation and grid-connected operation. Photovoltaic panel components are power generation devices that generate direct current when exposed to sunlight. They are composed of thin solid photovoltaic cells made almost entirely of semiconductor materials (such as silicon), including glass plates, EVA adhesive layers, battery cells, backplanes, junction boxes and frames, etc. The amount of silicon, glass packaging, and metal mixed products generated during the recycling process is huge. The recyclables are rich in aluminum, copper, tin, silicon, silver, etc., which have high recycling value, and have considerable recycling value and high economic profits. With the increasing global attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, the recycling of waste photovoltaic panels has become the focus of the industry. If handled improperly, these materials will pose a serious threat to the natural ecological environment while causing great waste. There are currently two problems:

[0003] Environmental pollution caused by wastewater and waste gas: The common method for recycling waste photovoltaic modules is to collect the modules in layers and categories. The connection between materials such as glass and silicon cells in photovoltaic modules is connected by EVA film. Therefore, the first step for recycling photovoltaic modules is to remove the EVA film in the module to separate the glass and silicon cells. Among them, EVA film is the packaging material of photovoltaic modules, and its main component is ethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer. At present, the removal of EVA in the module and the separation between glass and silicon cells are often carried out by heat treatment, mixing and organic solvent removal. The heat treatment method and the mixing method usually use high-temperature melting methods, which will cause the fluorine in the photovoltaic panel to produce a large amount of fluorine-containing gas, causing environmental pollution; the organic solvent removal method uses organic solvents to soak the photovoltaic modules, so that the EVA in the module dissolves and further separates materials such as glass and silicon cells. This method requires the use of a large amount of organic solvents, and these organic solvents have secondary pollution problems after use, and need to be processed again, which is not conducive to the economic benefits of module recycling.

[0004] Stability and efficiency issues: The existing process does not include automatic adjustment process and cannot adapt to photovoltaic panel components of different specifications, requiring manual adjustment. Another problem with no automatic adjustment is that when a photovoltaic panel is in an abnormal state, it cannot automatically adapt and requires special processing. The implementation process requires the participation of a large number of workers and cannot meet the automation requirements of the entire production line. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present application is: how to provide a complete photovoltaic module recycling device that reduces environmental pollution, improves recycling efficiency and enhances the stability of the recycling process.

[0006] The present application provides a complete photovoltaic module recycling device, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device comprising:

[0007] Pre-processing equipment, which is used to perform centering processing, edge glue scraping processing and thickness measurement processing on photovoltaic modules;

[0008] A back sheet removal device, wherein the back sheet removal device is used to remove the back sheet of the photovoltaic module after being processed by the pre-processing device;

[0009] A visual sorting device, wherein the visual sorting device is used to detect the backsheet removal rate of the photovoltaic module;

[0010] A flipping device, wherein the flipping device is used to flip the photovoltaic module so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward;

[0011] A heating device, wherein the heating device is used to heat the photovoltaic module until the adhesive film softens;

[0012] Complete glass separation equipment, which is used to separate the glass plate and the battery sheet of the heated photovoltaic module;

[0013] Glass unloading and stacking equipment, which is used to classify and stack glass plates;

[0014] A cutting device is used to cut the battery cells.

[0015] Optionally, the pre-processing equipment includes:

[0016] A first centering mechanism, wherein the first centering mechanism is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic module;

[0017] A glue scraping mechanism, which is used to remove residual glue on the glass surface;

[0018] The thickness measuring mechanism is used to measure the total thickness of the photovoltaic module and the thickness of the back sheet.

[0019] Optionally, the backplane removal device comprises:

[0020] A planer, the planer being used to adjust the working height according to the total thickness of the photovoltaic module to plane and remove the main part of the back plate layer of the complete glass;

[0021] A sand rack is used to adjust the working height according to the thickness of the back plate to sand away the remaining part of the back plate layer.

[0022] Optionally, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device further comprises:

[0023] A dust removal mechanism, the dust removal mechanism is used to collect backboard chips generated by planing;

[0024] A water circulation device is provided, wherein the water circulation device is used for filtering out back plate chips generated by sand cutting.

[0025] Optionally, when the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module meets the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting device is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the flipping device; when the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module does not meet the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting device is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the temporary storage station.

[0026] Optionally, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device further comprises:

[0027] The second centering mechanism is used to straighten the flipped photovoltaic module.

[0028] Optionally, the heating device adopts a microwave and infrared dual-mode heating method.

[0029] The present application also provides a recycling method for a complete photovoltaic module recycling device, the recycling method comprising:

[0030] Use pre-processing equipment to sequentially perform centering, edge glue scraping and thickness measurement on photovoltaic modules;

[0031] Using a back sheet removal device to remove the back sheet of the photovoltaic module after being processed by the pre-processing device;

[0032] Use visual sorting equipment to detect the backsheet removal rate of photovoltaic modules;

[0033] Flipping the photovoltaic module using a flipping device so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward;

[0034] Using heating equipment to heat the photovoltaic module until the film softens;

[0035] Use complete glass separation equipment to separate the glass panels and cells of the heated photovoltaic modules;

[0036] Use glass unloading and stacking equipment to sort and stack glass plates;

[0037] The battery cells are cut using cutting equipment.

[0038] Optionally, the recycling method further comprises:

[0039] The backboard scraps generated during the backboard removal process are collected using a dust removal mechanism and a water circulation device;

[0040] The flipped photovoltaic module is straightened using the second centering mechanism.

[0041] The present application provides a complete photovoltaic module recycling device and a recycling method thereof, which have the following technical effects:

[0042] The use of physical dismantling methods can effectively avoid environmental pollution problems, and can well separate and recycle the backplane layer, glass and battery cells of photovoltaic panel components. The products can be put into subsequent processes without secondary treatment, which improves the automation level and production efficiency of physical dismantling, reduces production costs and increases material recovery rates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a side view of a complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to one or more embodiments;

[0044] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a recycling method of a complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to one or more embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0046] Before describing the various embodiments of the present application in detail, the technical concept of the present application is briefly described first: At present, when recycling photovoltaic modules, there are generally problems of environmental pollution, poor stability of the recycling process and low recycling efficiency. For this reason, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device provided by the present application can realize the centering, edge scraping and thickness measurement of the photovoltaic module, then remove the back plate, flip the photovoltaic module and heat it, and then separate the glass plate from the battery cell, and finally classify and stack the glass plate and cut the battery cell, which can realize the complete recycling process of the photovoltaic module. The use of physical dismantling methods can effectively avoid environmental pollution problems, and can well separate and recycle the back plate layer, glass and battery cells of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the product can be put into the subsequent process without secondary treatment, which improves the automation and production efficiency of physical dismantling, reduces production costs, and improves the material recovery rate. The specific principles of the complete photovoltaic module recycling device and its control method of the present application are described below in combination with more embodiments.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device of the first embodiment includes a complete photovoltaic module recycling device including a pre-processing device 10, a backboard removal device 20, a visual sorting device 30, a flipping device 40, a heating device 50, a complete glass separation device 60, a glass unloading and stacking device 70, and a cutting device 80. The pre-processing device 10 is used to perform centering, edge scraping and thickness measurement on the photovoltaic module; the backboard removal device 20 is used to remove the backboard of the photovoltaic module after being processed by the pre-processing device; the visual sorting device 30 is used to detect the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module; the flipping device 40 is used to flip the photovoltaic module so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward; the heating device 50 is used to heat the photovoltaic module until the adhesive film softens; the complete glass separation device 60 is used to separate the glass plate and the battery cell of the heated photovoltaic module; the glass unloading and stacking device 70 is used to classify and stack the glass plates; and the cutting device 80 is used to cut the battery cell.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, the pre-processing equipment 10 includes a first centering mechanism, a glue scraping mechanism and a thickness measuring mechanism. The first centering mechanism is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic module, the glue scraping mechanism is used to remove residual glue on the glass surface to reduce the subsequent impact on planing and sanding, and the thickness measuring mechanism is used to measure the total thickness of the photovoltaic module and the thickness of the back panel.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the backplane removal device includes a planer and a sanding frame, wherein the planer is used to adjust the working height according to the total thickness of the photovoltaic module to plane and remove the main part of the backplane layer of the complete glass; the sanding frame is used to adjust the working height according to the thickness of the backplane to sand and remove the remaining part of the backplane layer. Exemplarily, the planer can plane and remove about 90% of the backplane layer, and the remaining backplane layer is removed by sanding with the sanding frame.

[0050] In one or more embodiments, the complete photovoltaic module recycling device further includes a dust removal mechanism and a water circulation device, wherein the dust removal mechanism is used to collect backboard chips generated by planing, and the water circulation device is used to filter out backboard chips generated by sanding.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, when the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module meets the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting equipment is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the flipping equipment; when the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module does not meet the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting equipment is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the temporary storage station.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, the complete photovoltaic assembly recovery device further includes a second centering mechanism 90, and the second centering mechanism 90 is used to straighten the flipped photovoltaic assembly.

[0053] Exemplarily, the heating device 50 adopts a microwave-infrared dual-mode heating method to perform microwave-infrared dual-mode heating on the photovoltaic components that have been flipped and straightened, and then uses the hot knife separation device in the complete glass separation device 60 to separate the battery layer from the glass plate. The cut battery cells are flattened by a flattening mechanism and then cut into fixed sizes, and the glass is grabbed and unloaded by a robotic arm.

[0054] In one or more embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the recycling method of the complete photovoltaic module recycling device includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S10, using the pre-processing equipment 10 to sequentially perform centering processing, edge glue scraping processing and thickness measurement processing on the photovoltaic module;

[0056] Step S20, using the backboard removal device 20 to remove the backboard of the photovoltaic module processed by the pre-processing device 10;

[0057] Step S30, using the visual sorting device 30 to detect the backsheet removal rate of the photovoltaic module;

[0058] Step S40, flipping the photovoltaic module using the flipping device 40 so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward;

[0059] Step S50, using the heating device 50 to heat the photovoltaic module until the adhesive film softens;

[0060] Step S60, using the complete glass separation device 60 to separate the heated glass plate and the battery cell of the photovoltaic module;

[0061] Step S70, using the glass unloading and stacking equipment 70 to classify and stack the glass plates;

[0062] Step S80 , using the cutting device 80 to cut the battery cell.

[0063] In the process of removing the back sheet, the dust removal mechanism is used to collect the back sheet scraps generated by planing, and the water circulation device is used to filter out the back sheet scraps generated by sanding. Exemplarily, the flipped photovoltaic module is straightened by the second centering mechanism.

[0064] The complete photovoltaic module recycling device and its control method provided in this embodiment are based on the physical dismantling method, which can effectively avoid environmental pollution problems, and can well separate and recycle the back layer, glass and battery cells of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The products can be put into subsequent processes without secondary treatment, which improves the automation degree and production efficiency of physical dismantling, reduces production costs, and improves material recovery rate.

[0065] The specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments can be modified and improved without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application whose scope is defined by the claims and their equivalents. These modifications and improvements should also be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A complete photovoltaic module recycling device, characterized in that: The complete photovoltaic module recycling device comprises: Pre-processing equipment, which is used to perform centering processing, edge glue scraping processing and thickness measurement processing on photovoltaic modules; A back sheet removal device, wherein the back sheet removal device is used to remove the back sheet of the photovoltaic module after being processed by the pre-processing device; A visual sorting device, wherein the visual sorting device is used to detect the backsheet removal rate of the photovoltaic module; A flipping device, wherein the flipping device is used to flip the photovoltaic module so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward; A heating device, wherein the heating device is used to heat the photovoltaic module until the adhesive film softens; Complete glass separation equipment, which is used to separate the glass plate and the battery sheet of the heated photovoltaic module; Glass unloading and stacking equipment, which is used to classify and stack glass plates; A cutting device is used to cut the battery cells.

2. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing equipment comprises: A first centering mechanism, wherein the first centering mechanism is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic module; A glue scraping mechanism, which is used to remove residual glue on the glass surface; The thickness measuring mechanism is used to measure the total thickness of the photovoltaic module and the thickness of the back sheet.

3. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back plate removal device comprises: A planer, the planer being used to adjust the working height according to the total thickness of the photovoltaic module to plane and remove the main part of the back plate layer of the complete glass; A sand rack is used to adjust the working height according to the thickness of the back plate to sand away the remaining part of the back plate layer.

4. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The complete photovoltaic module recycling device also includes: A dust removal mechanism, the dust removal mechanism is used to collect backboard chips generated by planing; A water circulation device is provided, wherein the water circulation device is used for filtering out back plate chips generated by sand cutting.

5. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module meets the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting device is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the flipping device; when the backboard removal rate of the photovoltaic module does not meet the predetermined requirements, the visual sorting device is used to transport the photovoltaic module to the temporary storage station.

6. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complete photovoltaic module recycling device also includes: The second centering mechanism is used to straighten the flipped photovoltaic module.

7. The complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device adopts a microwave and infrared dual-mode heating method.

8. A recycling method of a complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The recovery method comprises: Use pre-processing equipment to sequentially perform centering, edge glue scraping and thickness measurement on photovoltaic modules; Using a back sheet removal device to remove the back sheet of the photovoltaic module after being processed by the pre-processing device; Use visual sorting equipment to detect the backsheet removal rate of photovoltaic modules; Flipping the photovoltaic module using a flipping device so that the glass surface of the photovoltaic module faces upward; Using heating equipment to heat the photovoltaic module until the film softens; Use complete glass separation equipment to separate the glass panels and cells of the heated photovoltaic modules; Use glass unloading and stacking equipment to sort and stack glass plates; The battery cells are cut using cutting equipment.

9. The recycling method of the complete photovoltaic module recycling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The recycling method further comprises: The backboard scraps generated during the backboard removal process are collected using a dust removal mechanism and a water circulation device; The flipped photovoltaic module is straightened using the second centering mechanism.

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