Urban core mountain garbage transportation channel ecological restoration method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage transportation channel ecological restoration, in particular to an urban core mountain garbage transportation channel ecological restoration method which comprises the steps that firstly, aerial photography surveying and mapping are conducted on a transportation channel and a surrounding site to determine an ecological restoration range; geological exploration is carried out, road, soil, runoff and air pollution information is collected and evaluated, and a road lifting and ecological restoration mode is determined; treating garbage and pollution sources of surrounding polluted land parcels according to an environmental assessment conclusion, replacing and filling planting soil, and selecting an ecological restoration variety to form a restoration space; finally, a leisure footpath base is repaired according to geological exploration, a footpath is constructed, and an ecological fitness footpath system is formed by means of a mountain landscape structure. Multiple measures are integrated, the ecological environment is effectively improved, resources are reasonably utilized, social and economic benefits are achieved, the urban image and the resident life quality are improved, and the method has important significance in the field of ecological restoration of the garbage transportation channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of garbage transportation channels, and in particular to an ecological restoration method for garbage transportation channels in urban core mountains. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the urban population is growing, and the amount of urban garbage is increasing. As an important part of the urban ecosystem, the urban core mountain area faces many environmental problems in the long-term use of its garbage transportation channel.

[0003] On the one hand, leakage, spillage and long-term accumulation of garbage during transportation will cause serious pollution of the soil around the transportation channel, reduce soil fertility, make it difficult for vegetation to grow normally, and even cause vegetation death, destroying the ecosystem. At the same time, harmful substances in the garbage may seep into the ground, pollute groundwater, and affect the quality and availability of water resources.

[0004] On the other hand, the frequent passage of garbage transport vehicles generates a large amount of dust and exhaust emissions, which deteriorates the surrounding air quality and poses a threat to the health of nearby residents. Moreover, the dilapidated appearance of the garbage transport corridor and its surrounding environment will seriously affect the landscape of the city's core mountains, reducing the city's overall image and ecological quality.

[0005] At present, the common ecological restoration methods on the market often lack systematic solutions for the special environment of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels. Most methods focus on the treatment of single problems, such as soil pollution control or vegetation restoration, while ignoring road improvement, runoff treatment, air pollution control, and the coordination and unification of overall landscape layout and ecological functions. In addition, there is a lack of effective classification and resource recycling measures for the complex pollution sources and garbage types around the garbage transportation channels, making it difficult to achieve a win-win situation for environmental and economic benefits.

[0006] Therefore, in response to the above problems, an ecological restoration method for urban core mountain garbage transportation channels was proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels, comprising the following steps: Step S1: drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel and surrounding sites to obtain site images and terrain maps, and the site images and terrain maps are analyzed to determine the scope of ecological restoration based on the analysis results; Step S2: Conduct geological exploration of the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel, collect information on existing roads, soil, runoff, and air pollution, conduct environmental assessment and analysis, and determine the existing road improvement method and ecological restoration method based on the analysis results; Step S3: According to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the polluted land around the transportation channel. According to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, relying on the original vegetation texture, the soil is replaced and the ecological restoration varieties are selected to form an ecological restoration space; Step S4: According to the geological survey report, repair the base of the leisure trail and construct the leisure trail; based on the overall landscape structure of the mountain, form an ecological fitness trail system.

[0009] As a preferred solution, in step S1, the method of analyzing the site image and topographic map to determine the scope of ecological restoration is: by identifying the topographic and geomorphic characteristics, vegetation coverage conditions and the relationship with the surrounding environment to delineate the regional boundaries of ecological restoration, wherein the topographic and geomorphic characteristics include slope, slope direction, and terrain undulation, and the vegetation coverage conditions include vegetation type and vegetation coverage rate.

[0010] As a preferred solution, in step S2, the specific method for collecting information on existing roads, soil, runoff, and air pollution is: collecting multiple soil samples at different locations and depths in the garbage transportation channel; collecting runoff samples at surface runoff collection points and underground runoff monitoring wells around the channel; and collecting air samples at multiple points in the channel and its surroundings, including upwind and downwind directions.

[0011] As a preferred solution, in step S2, the current road improvement method and ecological restoration method are determined based on the analysis results, including: if the soil is contaminated with heavy metals and the content exceeds the set threshold, the soil is treated by chemical fixation or biological restoration, and whether to reinforce the road foundation or repave the road surface is determined based on the degree of road damage; if the runoff is highly corrosive, a buffer tank or filtration system is constructed for purification; if the air pollution is serious, plants with strong adsorption and air purification functions are selected for planting and restoration.

[0012] As a preferred solution, in step S3, the garbage and pollution sources of the polluted land around the transport channel are excavated and classified according to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment, including: classifying the garbage into recyclable garbage, hazardous garbage, kitchen waste and other garbage, and adopting corresponding recycling, treatment and disposal measures respectively; for the pollution sources, excavation, isolation or chemical treatment are carried out according to their type and degree of pollution.

[0013] As a preferred solution, in step S3, the basis for selecting ecological restoration varieties is: according to the soil conditions, light conditions, water conditions of the ecological restoration space and the type of pollution to be repaired, plant varieties with strong adaptability and good restoration effects on pollutants are selected.

[0014] As a preferred solution, in step S4, the method for repairing the base of the leisure trail includes: compacting and leveling the base, filling potholes and cracks, and taking reinforcement measures for areas with unstable foundations to ensure that the stability and bearing capacity of the base meet the requirements of trail construction.

[0015] As a preferred solution, in step S4, the formation of an ecological fitness trail system includes: setting up rest nodes along the trail, and equipping the rest nodes with benches and trash can facilities; planning parking areas at appropriate locations, and adopting the construction method of ecological parking lots in the parking areas; setting up safety protection facilities including guardrails and warning signs at the edge of the trail, and at the same time combining greening and beautification with the surrounding landscape to create an ecological, comfortable and safe fitness trail environment.

[0016] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that the method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Vegetation restoration and ecological function improvement: By replacing the planting soil and selecting suitable ecological restoration varieties, the vegetation community can be rebuilt on the originally damaged land; different plant varieties are matched with each other to form a multi-layered vegetation structure of trees, shrubs and grasses, effectively increasing the vegetation coverage rate; The root system of plants can fix the soil and reduce soil erosion. In mountainous terrain, especially after being disturbed by activities such as garbage transportation, the soil is easily lost under rain erosion. The complex network structure formed by the root system of vegetation and the soil can effectively prevent soil particles from being washed away, protect soil resources, maintain soil fertility, and lay the foundation for the sustainable development of the subsequent ecosystem. Pollution control and environmental purification: In response to soil pollution, chemical fixation, bioremediation or soil replacement measures can be adopted according to the degree of pollution, which can effectively reduce the content of heavy metals and other pollutants in the soil, reduce the risk of pollutants migrating to groundwater and the surrounding environment, improve soil quality, and gradually restore it to a state suitable for plant growth and healthy development of the ecosystem; For the problem of highly corrosive runoff, constructing a buffer tank and a filtration system can purify the surface runoff; the buffer tank can precipitate particles such as sediment in the runoff, and the filtration system can remove pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand and heavy metal ions in the runoff through a combination of physical filtration (such as sand and gravel filtration) and biological filtration (such as microbial degradation and plant adsorption), thereby reducing the pollution of the runoff to the surrounding water bodies and protecting the water environment; Choose plants with strong adsorption and air purification functions, which can effectively absorb harmful gases in the air (such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc.), adsorb particulate matter (such as PM10, PM2.5, etc.), purify the air, improve local air quality, and provide a fresher air environment for surrounding residents and organisms; Channel reuse and function conversion: The abandoned or single-function garbage transportation channel was transformed into an ecological fitness trail system, realizing the secondary development and efficient utilization of land resources. This functional conversion not only avoids the idle waste of land resources, but also provides new leisure and fitness venues for urban residents, meeting people's growing demand for outdoor activities. During the renovation process, we relied on the overall landscape structure of the mountains, rationally planned the direction and layout of the trails, and made full use of the natural terrain and landscape resources of the mountains to create a distinctive ecological fitness trail. Classification and recycling of garbage and pollution sources: The garbage and pollution sources in the polluted land around the transportation channel are excavated and sorted, and the recyclable garbage is recycled, realizing the recycling of resources, reducing the amount of garbage to be processed and the demand for new resources; Hazardous waste is specially treated to prevent it from causing greater harm to the environment; kitchen waste can be composted and converted into organic fertilizer for improving planting soil or fertilizing surrounding green spaces, thus realizing the resource utilization of waste and improving resource utilization efficiency, while reducing the negative impact of landfill or incineration on the environment; Improve the city's image and residents' quality of life: The mountain garbage transportation channel after ecological restoration has become an ecological highlight in the core area of ​​the city, improving the surrounding environment and landscape and enhancing the overall image and taste of the city; the beautiful and comfortable ecological fitness trail attracts more residents to go out and participate in outdoor activities, thus enhancing the physical fitness and physical and mental health of the residents; It provides residents with a good place to get close to nature and enjoy leisure time, enriches their spiritual and cultural life, promotes communication and interaction among residents, is conducive to building a harmonious community, and improves residents' life satisfaction and happiness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of an ecological restoration method for a garbage transportation channel in a core mountain area of ​​a city according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological restoration method for urban core mountain garbage transportation channel, comprising the following steps: Step S1: drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel and surrounding sites to obtain site images and terrain maps, and the site images and terrain maps are analyzed to determine the scope of ecological restoration based on the analysis results; Step S2: Conduct geological exploration of the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel, collect information on existing roads, soil, runoff, and air pollution, conduct environmental assessment and analysis, and determine the existing road improvement method and ecological restoration method based on the analysis results; Step S3: According to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the polluted land around the transportation channel. According to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, relying on the original vegetation texture, the soil is replaced and the ecological restoration varieties are selected to form an ecological restoration space; Step S4: According to the geological survey report, repair the base of the leisure trail and construct the leisure trail; based on the overall landscape structure of the mountain, form an ecological fitness trail system.

[0021] In this embodiment, the specific operations of step S1 are as follows: Step S1-1: Preliminary preparation and drone aerial photography: Data collection and planning: Collect existing information on the urban core mountain garbage transportation corridor and surrounding sites, including but not limited to historical maps, land use planning, vegetation distribution records, etc., to understand the basic situation of the area and provide reference for subsequent work; Develop a detailed drone aerial photography plan based on the site scope and terrain characteristics; determine the flight altitude (generally between 30-150 meters, adjusted according to actual needs and terrain complexity), flight speed (controlled at 3-8 meters / second), route planning (ensuring coverage of the entire transportation channel and surrounding sites, with a certain overlap between adjacent routes, with an overlap rate of no less than 20%), shooting angle (mainly vertical shooting, supplemented by oblique shooting when necessary) and other parameters to obtain comprehensive and accurate site images; Equipment inspection and calibration: Choose drones suitable for mountainous environments, such as the DJI Inspiration series, which have strong stability and wind resistance. Before taking off, carefully check whether the drone's fuselage structure, propellers, batteries, cameras and other components are intact to ensure that the equipment is in normal working condition. Calibrate the drone's camera, including focus calibration, white balance calibration, sensitivity calibration, etc., to ensure that the captured images are accurate in color and clear; at the same time, check whether the drone's positioning system (such as GPS or RTK) is working properly to ensure that the acquired location information is accurate and reliable; On-site inspection and safety assurance: Professionals will conduct on-site inspections of the site to check for obstacles that may affect the safety of drone flight, such as high-voltage wires, tall buildings, densely wooded areas, etc., and mark and avoid them in the flight plan; Set up obvious warning signs on site to inform people around the drone of the operation and prevent unauthorized persons from entering the flight area. At the same time, equip necessary safety equipment, such as fire extinguishers and first aid kits, to deal with possible emergencies; Drone aerial photography operations: According to the scheduled flight plan, start the drone for aerial photography under suitable weather conditions (wind speed does not exceed level 5 and visibility is good); during the flight, pay close attention to the flight status and data transmission of the drone to ensure flight safety and shooting quality; Take multi-angle and all-round photos of the garbage transportation channel and surrounding areas, including the road conditions of the channel, the slopes on both sides, the surrounding vegetation coverage, the terrain changes, etc., to obtain rich image data; Step S1-2: Topographic mapping and data integration: Topographic Surveying Instrument Selection and Setup: According to the actual situation of the site, choose appropriate topographic surveying instruments, such as total stations, GPS receivers, etc.; for complex mountainous terrain, total stations can be used to obtain high-precision local terrain data, and GPS receivers are suitable for large-area terrain measurement and control measurement; According to the measurement accuracy requirements, set the parameters of the surveying and mapping instruments; the measurement accuracy of the total station is set at the millimeter level, and the positioning accuracy of the GPS receiver is set at the centimeter level (if RTK technology is used), and ensure that the instrument's measurement mode, data recording format, etc. meet the requirements of subsequent data processing; Control point layout and measurement: Control points should be evenly distributed in the site. The number and location of control points should be determined according to the size of the site and the complexity of the terrain. Generally, there should be no less than 4 control points per square kilometer. Control points should be located in a stable and non-deformable position with good visibility, such as rock outcrops, concrete foundations, etc. Use high-precision surveying instruments (such as GPS-RTK) to accurately measure the control points, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate information of the control points, and record detailed control point attribute data, including point number, location description, measurement time, etc.; Topographic data collection: Use a total station or GPS receiver to collect the topographic feature points in the site according to the predetermined measurement route and method, including mountain tops, valleys, ridges, slope turning points, etc. During the collection process, pay attention to the density and distribution uniformity of the measurement points to ensure that the topographic and geomorphic features of the site can be accurately reflected; For hard-to-reach areas, a prism-free total station or a laser radar (LiDAR) technology carried by a drone can be used to collect terrain data to obtain complete terrain information; Data integration and preprocessing: Integrate the image data obtained by drone aerial photography and terrain surveying data to establish a unified geographic spatial reference system; use professional data processing software (such as ArcGIS, Southern CASS, etc.) to perform pre-processing operations such as splicing, cropping, and correction on the image data to generate orthophotos; Perform quality inspection and preprocessing on terrain data, including removing erroneous data, smoothing, generating contour lines, etc., to generate digital elevation models (DEM) and digital terrain models (DTM); Step S1-3: Analyze and determine the scope of ecological restoration: Imagery and terrain analysis: Load the processed orthophotos and terrain data into the Geographic Information System (GIS) software for visual analysis; identify the vegetation type, distribution range, growth status, etc. within the site through image analysis, and calculate the vegetation coverage rate; use terrain data to analyze the terrain and geomorphic features such as slope, slope direction, and terrain undulation, and determine areas prone to geological disasters such as soil erosion and landslides; Combined with the on-site investigation, analyze the current status of the garbage transportation channel and surrounding sites, including the degree of damage to the channel, the current status of surrounding land use, the distribution of pollution sources, etc., and evaluate the ecological environment of the site; Principles and methods for delineating the scope of ecological restoration: According to the goals and requirements of ecological restoration, the principles for demarcating the scope of ecological restoration shall be determined; for example, priority shall be given to the restoration of areas with important ecological functions (such as water conservation areas, biological habitats, etc.), areas with serious ecological damage (such as garbage dumping areas, exposed slopes, etc.), and areas with a greater impact on the surrounding environment (such as areas close to residential areas and rivers), etc.; The human-computer interaction method is adopted to use the image and terrain data in the GIS software, and combine the demarcation principles to manually draw the boundaries of the ecological restoration scope; for areas with unclear boundaries, reasonable determination is made by referring to factors such as vegetation distribution and terrain changes; at the same time, considering the feasibility and economy of actual operation, the restoration scope is appropriately adjusted and optimized; Determination and recording of ecological restoration scope: After detailed analysis and repeated demonstration, the ecological restoration scope was finally determined, and an ecological restoration scope layer was generated in the GIS software; detailed information such as the boundary coordinates, area, and major ecological problems of the ecological restoration scope were recorded to provide an accurate basis for subsequent restoration work; The determined ecological restoration scope will be archived and output in the form of drawings and electronic documents to facilitate reference and use by relevant departments and personnel; at the same time, obvious signs will be set up on site to mark the boundaries of the ecological restoration scope to facilitate on-site guidance and supervision during the construction process.

[0022] In this embodiment, the specific operation steps of step S2 are: Step S2-1: Geological exploration preparation and implementation: Exploration plan formulation: Collect geological data on the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel and surrounding areas, including historical geological survey reports, geological maps, etc., to understand the basic conditions of the geological structure, stratigraphic distribution, etc. in the area, and provide a basis for the formulation of the exploration plan; According to the site characteristics and exploration objectives, determine the methods and technical means of geological exploration, such as drilling, geophysical exploration, geological mapping, etc.; formulate a detailed exploration plan, including the location, number, depth of exploration points, selection and combination of exploration methods, exploration schedule, etc.; for example, set a drilling point every 50-100 meters on the garbage transportation channel, and appropriately increase the number of exploration points in key locations (such as bends, steep slopes, and areas with complex geological conditions); geophysical exploration methods such as geological radar can be used for auxiliary detection of shallow geological conditions; Equipment and personnel preparation: Prepare the equipment and instruments required for geological exploration, such as drilling rigs (select appropriate models according to the exploration depth and formation conditions, such as XY-1 core drilling rigs), geological compasses, GPS locators, samplers (including undisturbed soil samplers, disturbed soil samplers, water samplers, etc.), geophysical instruments (such as geological radars, high-density electrical instruments, etc.); ensure that the equipment and instruments have good performance, accuracy meets exploration requirements, and are equipped with sufficient spare equipment and vulnerable parts; Organize a professional geological exploration team, whose members should include geological engineers, drilling technicians, geophysical technicians, surveyors and experimental analysts, etc. Before the operation, conduct technical briefing and safety training for team members, clarify their respective responsibilities and work processes, and ensure the smooth progress of exploration work and the safety of personnel; On-site exploration work: According to the coordinates determined by the GPS positioning device, the exploration points are accurately arranged in the garbage transportation channel and the surrounding areas; during the drilling process, the drilling depth and stratum changes are recorded, and the original soil samples and core samples are collected according to the requirements of different strata and depths to ensure the integrity and representativeness of the samples; for example, a group of original soil samples are collected at each stratum change and every 2-3 meters in depth for soil physical and mechanical property testing and chemical composition analysis; Use a geological compass to measure the occurrence (strike, dip, inclination) of the strata and conduct a preliminary analysis of the geological structure of the site; for geophysical exploration, data collection is carried out on site according to the selected geophysical exploration methods and instrument parameters. For example, when using geological radar for detection, scan along the predetermined survey line to obtain the reflection signal of the underground medium, which is used to analyze the distribution and characteristics of the underground geological body; Collect runoff samples at the surface runoff collection points and underground runoff monitoring wells around the channel. Be careful to avoid contamination when collecting runoff samples. Use cleaned and disinfected sampling containers. Seal and store them in time after collection, and record the sampling time, location, flow rate and other information; Step S2-2: Current road and environment information collection: Current road survey: Conduct a detailed investigation of the road conditions of the garbage transportation channel, including road type (such as cement road, asphalt road, dirt road, etc.), road damage (such as crack length, width, depth, pothole area, number, etc.), road flatness, etc.; use measuring tools (such as steel ruler, level, etc.) to conduct on-site measurements and records, draw a road damage map, and mark the location and degree of damage; Check the roadbed conditions, check whether there are deformation phenomena such as settlement and slippage, and investigate the type and density of roadbed filling materials; understand the layered structure of the roadbed and the physical and mechanical properties of each layer by digging test pits or using drilling data; Soil information collection: Collect multiple soil samples at different locations (such as the center of the road, shoulders on both sides, slopes, etc.) and at different depths (0-20 cm, 20-50 cm, 50-100 cm, etc.) in the garbage transportation channel; the sampling volume of each sampling point shall not be less than 1 kg, and the collected soil samples shall be placed in sealed bags, and the sampling point location, depth, sampling time and other information shall be marked; The collected soil samples are tested for physical properties, including soil particle composition, bulk density, porosity, etc.; chemical properties are analyzed, such as pH value, organic matter content, heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, etc.), nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient content; soil physical properties can be tested using methods such as hydrometer method and ring knife method, and chemical properties are analyzed in the laboratory using atomic absorption spectrometer, chemical analysis method, etc.; Air pollution information collection: Set up multiple air sampling points in and around the garbage transportation channel, including upwind and downwind locations, surrounding residential areas, and sensitive points (such as schools and hospitals). The number and distribution of sampling points are determined based on the actual site conditions. Generally, 1-2 control points are set upwind, and 3-5 sampling points are set downwind based on the pollution diffusion range. Air samplers (such as medium-flow particulate samplers, gaseous pollutant samplers, etc.) are used to collect air samples. The sampling time is determined according to the characteristics and concentration levels of the pollutants, and is generally not less than 24 hours. The collected air samples are used to analyze the concentration of pollutants in the air, such as total suspended particulate matter (TSP), inhalable particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), etc. The concentration analysis of air pollutants is measured in the laboratory using professional instruments (such as particle analyzers, gas chromatographs, etc.); Step S2-3: Environmental assessment analysis and determination of restoration methods: Environmental assessment analysis: Organize and analyze the collected soil, runoff, air pollution information and geological exploration data; conduct statistical analysis on soil data, evaluate the degree of soil pollution and soil quality, determine whether there are problems such as heavy metal pollution and organic pollution, and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of pollution; for example, by calculating the average value, standard deviation, and excess multiples of heavy metal content in the soil, determine the severity and scope of pollution; Conduct water quality analysis on runoff samples, test the concentration of pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal ions, etc. in the water, and evaluate the impact of runoff pollution on the surrounding water environment; analyze the source of runoff pollution, such as whether it comes from landfill leachate, road pollutant wash, etc.; Analyze the air pollutant concentration data, draw pollutant concentration contour maps, and evaluate the degree and diffusion range of air pollution; analyze the relationship between air pollution and garbage transportation channels, such as the impact of vehicle exhaust emissions and garbage dust on air quality; combine geological exploration data to analyze the geological environmental stability of the site and evaluate whether there are risks of geological disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows; The current road improvement method is determined as follows: According to the road survey results, if the road surface is slightly damaged (the crack width is less than 5 mm, and the pothole area is small), local repair methods such as crack grouting and pothole filling can be used; for sections with serious damage (crack width is greater than 5 mm, pothole depth is large, and the road surface flatness is poor), consider resurfacing or adding pavement, and choose appropriate pavement materials (such as asphalt concrete, cement concrete, etc.) according to traffic flow and road grade; If the roadbed has settlement, slippage and other problems, take corresponding reinforcement measures according to the degree of deformation and cause; for minor settlement, grouting can be used to reinforce the roadbed; for serious slippage, it may be necessary to build retaining walls or re-fill the roadbed and other engineering measures; at the same time, in combination with geological conditions and drainage requirements, improve the road drainage system, such as adding side ditches and drainage pipes, to ensure smooth road drainage; Ecological restoration method is determined: If the soil is contaminated with heavy metals and the content exceeds the set threshold (determined according to the national soil environmental quality standards), for lightly contaminated soil (the excess is less than 2 times), bioremediation methods can be used, such as planting hyperaccumulators (such as centipede grass, which has a strong ability to enrich arsenic, and southeast sedum, which has an enrichment effect on zinc and cadmium, etc.) to absorb heavy metals in the soil; for moderately contaminated soil (exceeding the standard by 2-5 times), chemical fixation methods can be combined, such as applying lime, phosphate and other chemical agents to convert heavy metals into stable forms and reduce their biological effectiveness, while coordinating with bioremediation measures; for heavily contaminated soil (exceeding the standard by more than 5 times), consider soil replacement treatment, digging out the contaminated soil and replacing it with clean planting soil; If the runoff is highly corrosive (e.g., the chemical oxygen demand and heavy metal ion concentrations in the water are high), a buffer tank or filtration system should be built in the runoff collection area; the buffer tank can remove some suspended matter and pollutants through sedimentation, and the filtration system uses a combination of physical filtration (e.g., sand and gravel filtration) and biological filtration (e.g., plant root adsorption and microbial degradation in artificial wetlands) to purify pollutants in the runoff and reduce its impact on the surrounding water environment; If the air pollution is serious, choose plants with strong adsorption and air purification functions for planting restoration; rationally plan and plant green belts on both sides of the garbage transportation channel and the surrounding areas, and choose plant varieties such as ginkgo, oleander, spider plant, etc. These plants have certain adsorption and purification capabilities for particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants in the air; at the same time, combined with the actual situation of the site, consider setting up windbreaks to reduce wind speed, reduce dust and pollutant diffusion; for the garbage transportation channel itself, measures such as regular sprinkling of water to reduce dust and vehicle speed limits can be taken to reduce air pollution.

[0023] In this embodiment, the specific operations of step S3 are: Step S3-1: Preparation for sorting and classification of garbage and pollution sources: Data analysis and on-site investigation: Study the environmental impact assessment report in detail to clarify the key information such as the location, scope, pollution type and degree of the polluted land around the transportation corridor, so as to provide a basis for subsequent excavation and classification treatment; Organize professionals to conduct a comprehensive on-site survey of the polluted land to further verify the pollution status, including garbage accumulation (type, quantity, distribution range), specific forms of pollution sources (such as solid waste accumulation, contaminated soil areas, etc.), surrounding topography and vegetation coverage, etc.; at the same time, pay attention to the investigation of possible safety hazards on site, such as unstable slopes, underground cavities, etc.; Equipment and material preparation: Prepare sufficient excavation equipment, such as small excavators (suitable for narrow areas and delicate operations), medium excavators (for large-scale excavation), loaders (for material transfer), etc., according to the scale and pollution conditions of the contaminated land, and ensure that the equipment is in good condition and fully equipped with operators and maintenance personnel; Prepare containers for classified collection of garbage and pollution sources, such as garbage cans of different sizes (for recyclable garbage, hazardous garbage, kitchen waste and other garbage), sealed transport vehicles (to prevent secondary pollution), anti-leakage geotextiles (for temporary coverage of pollution sources), etc. At the same time, prepare safety protection supplies, such as hard hats, protective gloves, masks, goggles, etc., to ensure the personal safety of workers; Develop a classification plan for mining: According to the on-site investigation and environmental assessment conclusions, formulate a detailed classification plan for garbage and pollution sources; clarify the order, scope and depth of the excavation, and determine the separation methods and temporary storage locations for different types of garbage and pollution sources; for example, for shallow contaminated soil, direct excavation can be carried out; for deep contaminated areas, excavation may need to be carried out in layers and sections; Plan reasonable transportation routes to ensure that the excavated garbage and pollution sources can be safely and efficiently transported to the designated treatment site to avoid secondary pollution to the surrounding environment during transportation; Step S3-2: Garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed: Garbage collection and sorting: According to the established excavation plan, starting from one end of the contaminated land, garbage cleaning operations are gradually carried out; first, the visible garbage on the surface is manually picked up, and classified and collected according to recyclable garbage (such as metal products, plastic products, paper, etc.), hazardous garbage (such as used batteries, expired medicines, mercury-containing lamps, etc.), kitchen waste (such as food residues, fruit peels and cores, etc.) and other garbage (such as bricks, tiles, ceramics, slag, etc.), and put into corresponding garbage bins or containers respectively; When using excavators and other equipment to dig deep garbage, they should work closely with manual picking to ensure that all garbage can be accurately classified; for garbage that is difficult to distinguish, professionals should conduct on-site identification before classification and processing; the excavated garbage should be promptly transported to the designated garbage temporary storage area, which should be marked with obvious signs and take necessary measures to prevent leakage and dust; Pollution source excavation and treatment: For pollution sources (such as contaminated soil, waste containing hazardous substances, etc.), precise excavation is carried out according to their distribution range and depth; during the excavation process, the disturbance of the surrounding uncontaminated soil is minimized to avoid expanding the scope of pollution; the excavated pollution sources are wrapped with anti-leakage geotextiles to prevent the leakage of pollutants; Take appropriate treatment measures according to the type and degree of pollution source; for slightly polluted soil, on-site chemical treatment can be carried out, such as adding chemical agents for neutralization, redox and other reactions to reduce the toxicity and mobility of pollutants; for moderately polluted soil, it can be transported to a special polluted soil treatment site for centralized treatment, such as using solidification stabilization technology, bioremediation technology, etc.; for heavily polluted or highly toxic pollution sources, it is necessary to entrust qualified units to carry out safe disposal in accordance with the management regulations of hazardous wastes; Site Cleanup and Monitoring: After the garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed, the work site is cleaned up completely, including the remaining garbage fragments, scattered soil, etc.; cleaning equipment (such as brooms, vacuum cleaners, etc.) is used to clean the site to ensure that the site is clean and tidy; After cleaning, monitoring points are set up on site to collect soil, air, and water samples for testing to verify the effectiveness of panning and sorting. Testing indicators include pollutant concentrations, environmental quality parameters (such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, etc.), etc., to ensure that all indicators meet relevant environmental standards. If the monitoring results do not meet the standards, further analysis of the reasons is required and appropriate supplementary treatment measures should be taken; Step S3-3: Replacement of planting soil and selection of ecological restoration varieties: Preparation of planting soil: Calculate the quantity and quality requirements of the planting soil required according to the site's topography and ecological restoration needs; select a suitable source of planting soil, such as high-quality farmland soil, forest humus soil, etc., to ensure that the planting soil has good fertility, air permeability and water retention; Conduct quality tests on the selected planting soil, including pH value, organic matter content, nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.), heavy metal content, etc., to ensure that the planting soil meets the soil quality standards for ecological restoration; if the planting soil quality does not meet the standards, it needs to be improved, such as adding organic fertilizers, adjusting pH, etc.; Replacement of planting soil: Transport qualified planting soil to the contaminated land and replace it in layers according to design requirements. The thickness of the replacement is determined according to the needs of the plants planted, generally between 30-100 cm. During the replacement process, use bulldozers, rollers and other equipment to level and compact the planting soil to ensure its density and stability. After the replacement is completed, the surface of the planting soil is finely leveled to form a certain slope to facilitate drainage and prevent water accumulation from causing plant root rot; at the same time, a layer of covering material with a thickness of about 5-10 cm, such as sawdust, straw, etc., is laid on the surface of the planting soil to retain moisture and inhibit the growth of weeds; Selection and planting of ecological restoration varieties: According to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, the site's light conditions, water conditions, and the type of pollution that needs to be repaired, select plant species with strong adaptability and good pollutant repair effects; for example, for heavy metal contaminated sites, you can choose hyperaccumulators such as centipede grass and southeast sedum; for organic pollution sites, you can choose plants with strong degradation capabilities such as ryegrass and clover; Rationally plan the plant planting layout, consider the growth habits and ecological functions of plants, and form a multi-level vegetation community structure that combines trees, shrubs and grasses; plant plants according to the design plan, paying attention to the control of planting density and planting depth; water and fertilize in time after planting to ensure the survival rate and growth conditions of the plants; regularly maintain and manage the plants, including pruning, disease and pest control, etc., to promote the healthy growth of plants and gradually form an ecological restoration space.

[0024] In this embodiment, the specific operations of step S4 are: Step S4-1: Restoration of recreational trail base: Substrate Condition Assessment and Cleaning: Based on the geological survey report, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the base of the leisure trail, including foundation stability, soil bearing capacity, and whether there are weak layers or cavities. Organize professionals to carefully inspect the surface of the base and remove debris, loose stones, garbage, and weeds on the base. Mark and record areas with obvious cracks or potholes for subsequent targeted treatment. Compacting and leveling: Use compaction machinery (such as frog-type tamping machine, vibratory roller, etc.) to compact the base layer by layer; determine the reasonable compaction times and compaction degree according to the base soil type and design requirements; generally, the compaction thickness of each layer is controlled at 20-30 cm, and the compaction degree is not less than 90% (the specific value is adjusted according to the engineering standards and actual conditions); during the compaction process, ensure that all parts of the base are evenly stressed to avoid local looseness or excessive compaction; After compaction, use a grader to level the base to ensure that the base surface flatness meets the design requirements; the allowable flatness deviation is generally controlled within ±10 mm (the specific standard can be determined according to the design level and usage function of the trail); use measuring instruments (such as levels, theodolites, etc.) to conduct real-time monitoring to ensure that the longitudinal and transverse slopes of the base meet the drainage design requirements, and the general drainage slope is not less than 0.3%-0.5%; Pothole and crack filling and reinforcement (if necessary): For the potholes on the base, use appropriate fillers to fill them; the fillers can be materials with similar properties to the base soil, such as well-graded sand and gravel, lime soil, etc.; fill the potholes with fillers in layers, with each layer no thicker than 15 cm, and compact them in layers until they are flush with the base surface; For cracks in the base, different treatment measures are taken according to the width and depth of the cracks. For cracks with a width of less than 5 mm, caulking glue can be used for filling. When the crack width is greater than 5 mm, the cracks should be cleaned first, then filled with cement mortar or fine stone concrete, and vibrated to make it dense. For areas with unstable foundations, such as weak foundations or areas with large foundation settlement, reinforcement measures are adopted. Common reinforcement methods include driving wooden piles, laying geogrids, and foundation grouting. Choose the appropriate reinforcement plan according to the actual situation, and ensure that the reinforced foundation meets the stability and bearing capacity requirements of the trail construction. Step S4-2: Construction of leisure trails: Trail structure design and material selection: The structure of the leisure trail is designed according to the overall landscape structure and usage requirements of the mountain. Common trail structures include rammed earth layer, crushed stone cushion layer, concrete base layer and paved surface layer. The crushed stone cushion layer is generally 10-15 cm thick and is paved with crushed stones of uniform particle size and hard texture to play a buffer and drainage role. The concrete base layer is 10-15 cm thick and has a strength grade of no less than C20 to ensure the carrying capacity of the trail. The paved surface layer selects appropriate materials according to the landscape design requirements, such as permeable bricks, stones, wooden planks, etc., and focuses on the anti-slip properties, durability and aesthetics of the materials. Construction operations at each layer: Construction of gravel cushion: Lay the gravel cushion on a flat and compacted base; first spread the gravel evenly, then use a flat vibrator to vibrate it so that the gravel particles are closely arranged to achieve the density required by the design; during the vibration process, pay attention to controlling the vibration time and amplitude to avoid excessive crushing of the gravel; after the vibration is completed, level the surface of the gravel cushion again to ensure that its flatness meets the requirements; Concrete base construction: Set up formwork on the gravel cushion layer. The formwork should have sufficient strength and rigidity, be firmly installed, and have tight joints to ensure that there is no deformation or leakage during the concrete pouring process; stir the concrete according to the designed mix ratio, and the mixing time should be no less than 90 seconds to ensure that the concrete is evenly mixed; use a concrete delivery pump or a manual cart to pour the concrete into the mold, and the layered pouring thickness should not exceed 30 cm. Use an inserted vibrator for vibration, and the spacing between the vibration points should not be greater than 1.5 times the effective radius of the vibrating rod. The vibration time is based on the fact that no bubbles or slurry appear on the concrete surface; after the concrete is poured, perform surface finishing in time, first smooth it with a wooden trowel, and then press it with an iron trowel to make the concrete surface flat and smooth; after the initial setting of the concrete and before the final setting, perform roughening to increase the roughness of the concrete surface and improve the bonding strength between the paving surface and the base layer; Paving surface construction: according to the type of paving material selected, adopt the corresponding construction method; taking permeable bricks as an example, after the concrete base reaches the design strength, first lay a layer of dry hard cement mortar with a thickness of 2-3 cm on the base, and then lay the permeable bricks according to the design pattern and layout requirements; during the paving process, use a rubber hammer to gently tap the permeable bricks to make them tightly combined with the cement mortar, and control the width of the brick seams to 2-3 mm; the height difference between two adjacent permeable bricks should not exceed 1 mm to ensure that the paving surface is flat; for stone paving, first draw lines on the base to divide the grid , then place the stones according to the designed position, and use cement mortar or special stone adhesive to lay and fix them. The gaps between the stones are processed according to the design requirements, generally using grouting or close seams; when constructing the wooden plank road, first install the anti-corrosion wooden keel on the concrete base, and the keel spacing is determined according to the design requirements, generally not more than 60 cm; fix the anti-corrosion treated wooden boards on the keel, and reserve appropriate expansion joints between the wooden boards to prevent the wood from deformation and damage due to thermal expansion and contraction; the fixing method can be bolt connection, nail connection or slot connection, etc., to ensure a firm connection; Trail edge treatment and protection facilities installation: Trail edge treatment: Edge stones or side stones are set on both sides of the trail. The edge stones are made of granite, bluestone and other materials, and are generally 10-15 cm high. The edge stones should be installed firmly and straight, and the height difference between two adjacent edge stones should not exceed 2 mm. The outer side of the edge stones is treated with cement mortar or concrete to prevent the edge stones from loosening and displacement. For the parts that connect with the natural terrain, such as hillsides and grasslands, a gradual transition treatment is used to make the trail blend naturally with the surrounding environment. Installation of protective facilities: according to the use of the trail and the surrounding terrain, guardrails are set up at the edge of the trail; the height of the guardrail is generally 0.9-1.2 meters, and it is made of stainless steel, galvanized steel pipe or wooden materials; the distance between the posts of the guardrail is no more than 2 meters, and the distance between the crossbars is no more than 0.3 meters, to ensure that the guardrail has sufficient strength and protection capabilities; the guardrail is firmly connected to the edge stone or other structure of the trail, and an inspection and acceptance is carried out after the installation is completed to ensure that the guardrail is not loose or deformed; warning signs such as "Be careful", "Slow down", "No climbing", etc. are set up at key locations of the trail (such as steep slopes, bends, places with large height differences), and the warning signs are made of reflective materials to ensure that they can be clearly seen under different lighting conditions; the installation location of the warning signs should be eye-catching and reasonable, and not hinder pedestrian traffic; Step S4-3: Formation of ecological fitness trail system: Rest node planning and facility configuration: The location and number of rest nodes should be reasonably planned according to the length of the trail and the needs of the users. The distance between rest nodes is generally controlled between 200 and 500 meters, and they should be set up in areas with beautiful scenery and wide views. The form and scale of rest nodes should be determined according to site conditions and landscape design requirements, and small squares, viewing platforms, pavilions and corridors can be set up. Benches are provided at resting nodes. The benches are made of wood or stone and are generally 1.5-3 meters long to meet the needs of multiple people to rest at the same time. The benches should be installed firmly and comfortably, and the backrest angle should conform to ergonomic principles, generally 100°-110°. Trash cans are set up at each resting node. The trash cans are divided into recyclable and non-recyclable categories, made of environmentally friendly materials, and have a capacity of no less than 100 liters. The appearance design of the trash cans should be coordinated with the surrounding environment, and the location should be convenient for pedestrians to use, while not affecting the passage of the trail and the landscape effect. Parking area planning and construction: According to the traffic flow of the trail and the surrounding land use conditions, parking areas should be planned at appropriate locations; parking areas should be close to the entrance of the trail or major traffic nodes to facilitate tourists to park; the size of the parking area should be determined according to the predicted traffic flow, generally a small parking lot should have no less than 20 parking spaces, a medium-sized parking lot should have between 50 and 100 parking spaces, and a large parking lot should have more than 100 parking spaces; The parking area adopts the construction method of ecological parking lot, with grass bricks or permeable concrete on the ground; the greening rate of grass bricks is not less than 30%, which can not only meet the parking function, but also increase the greening area and improve the ecological environment; tall trees such as sycamore and ginkgo are planted around the parking area to provide shade for vehicles, beautify the environment and reduce noise; reasonable traffic signs and guidance facilities are set up to ensure the safety and order of vehicles entering and leaving the parking lot; Landscaping and beautification: Combined with the surrounding landscape, the trail and surrounding areas are greened and beautified; flowers, shrubs and trees are planted on both sides of the trail to form a multi-layered plant landscape; the selection of flowers should be matched according to seasonal changes, such as cherry blossoms and peach blossoms in spring, crape myrtles and roses in summer, chrysanthemums and osmanthus in autumn, and wintersweets in winter, to ensure that flowers bloom in different seasons; shrubs such as Photinia fraseri and Ligustrum lucidum are selected to serve as hedges and embellishments; the selection of trees is mainly local tree species, such as camphor and Koelreuteria paniculata, which have good adaptability and ecological functions; The slopes and retaining walls along the trail are greened; the slopes are restored with vegetation using techniques such as hanging net spraying and imported soil spraying, and grass and shrub seeds with well-developed root systems and tolerance to drought and barrenness are selected for mixed sowing, such as Bermuda grass, tall fescue, and Amorpha fruticosa; the retaining walls can be greened vertically, with climbing plants such as creepers and ivy planted to increase the green coverage rate and beautify the environment; landscape sketches such as sculptures, fountains, and rockery are set up at key nodes and landscape areas of the trail to enhance the cultural connotation and artistic atmosphere of the trail; the design of landscape sketches should be unified with the overall landscape style, focus on integration with the natural environment, and avoid being too abrupt; through the above measures, an ecological, comfortable, and safe fitness trail environment is created to meet people's needs for leisure, fitness, and getting close to nature.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step S1: drone aerial photography and terrain mapping are performed on the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel and surrounding sites to obtain site images and terrain maps, and the site images and terrain maps are analyzed to determine the scope of ecological restoration based on the analysis results; Step S2: Conduct geological exploration of the urban core mountain garbage transportation channel, collect information on existing roads, soil, runoff, and air pollution, conduct environmental assessment and analysis, and determine the existing road improvement method and ecological restoration method based on the analysis results; Step S3: According to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment, garbage and pollution sources are sorted and processed in the polluted land around the transportation channel. According to the overall landscape layout of the urban mountain park, relying on the original vegetation texture, the soil is replaced and the ecological restoration varieties are selected to form an ecological restoration space; Step S4: repair the base of the leisure trail and construct the leisure trail according to the geological survey report; Relying on the overall landscape structure of the mountain, an ecological fitness trail system is formed.

2. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S1, the method of analyzing the site image and topographic map to determine the scope of ecological restoration is: by identifying the topographic and geomorphic features, vegetation coverage and the relationship with the surrounding environment to delineate the regional boundaries of ecological restoration, wherein the topographic and geomorphic features include slope, slope direction, and terrain undulation, and the vegetation coverage includes vegetation type and vegetation coverage rate.

3. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S2, the specific method for collecting the current road and soil, runoff, and air pollution information is: collecting multiple soil samples at different positions and depths in the garbage transportation channel; collecting runoff samples at surface runoff collection points and underground runoff monitoring wells around the channel; and collecting air samples at multiple points in the channel and its surroundings, including upwind and downwind directions.

4. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S2, the current road improvement method and ecological restoration method are determined based on the analysis results, including: if the soil is contaminated with heavy metals and the content exceeds the set threshold, the soil is treated by chemical fixation or biological restoration, and whether to reinforce the road foundation or repave the road surface is determined according to the degree of road damage; if the runoff is highly corrosive, a buffer tank or filtration system is constructed for purification; if the air pollution is serious, plants with strong adsorption and air purification functions are selected for planting and restoration.

5. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S3, garbage and pollution sources are excavated and classified for treatment in polluted plots around the transport channel according to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment, including: classifying garbage into recyclable garbage, hazardous garbage, kitchen waste and other garbage, and adopting corresponding recycling, treatment and disposal measures respectively; for pollution sources, excavation, isolation or chemical treatment are carried out according to their type and degree of pollution.

6. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S3, the basis for selecting ecological restoration varieties is: according to the soil conditions, light conditions, water conditions of the ecological restoration space and the type of pollution to be repaired, plant varieties with strong adaptability and good restoration effects on pollutants are selected.

7. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S4, the method for repairing the base of the leisure trail includes: compacting and leveling the base, filling potholes and cracks, and taking reinforcement measures for areas with unstable foundations to ensure that the stability and bearing capacity of the base meet the requirements of trail construction.

8. The method for ecological restoration of urban core mountain garbage transportation channels according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S4, the formation of an ecological fitness trail system includes: setting up rest nodes along the trail, and equipping the rest nodes with benches and trash can facilities; planning parking areas at appropriate locations, and adopting the construction method of ecological parking lots in the parking areas; setting up safety protection facilities including guardrails and warning signs at the edge of the trail, and at the same time combining greening and beautification with the surrounding landscape to create an ecological, comfortable and safe fitness trail environment.

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