Soil conditioner based on coal gangue and circulating grinding device for preparing soil conditioner

Abstract

The invention provides a soil conditioner based on coal gangue and a circulating grinding device for preparation of the soil conditioner, and relates to the technical field of soil conditioner preparation. According to the technical scheme, the soil conditioner based on the coal gangue is prepared from raw materials in percentage. The fertilizer is prepared from 60-80% of coal gangue powder, 10-20% of organic materials, 5-10% of gypsum powder, 5-10% of charcoal and 3-8% of trace element fertilizer. The best configuration is as follows: 75% of the coal gangue powder, 10% of the organic material, 7% of the gypsum powder, 5% of the charcoal and 3% of the trace element fertilizer. According to the soil conditioner with the coal gangue powder as the main component, the coal gangue powder accounts for the vast majority of the soil conditioner, the coal gangue serves as an industrial waste and is wide in source and low in cost, the porosity of soil can be remarkably increased by adding the coal gangue powder into the soil conditioner, and the soil conditioner has the advantages that the soil conditioner is environment-friendly and pollution-free; the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil conditioner preparation, and in particular to a soil conditioner based on coal gangue and a circulating grinding device for preparing the same. Background Art

[0002] Soil conditioner is a substance used to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Its purpose is to improve soil quality, promote plant growth, and increase crop yield and quality. It can solve a variety of soil problems, such as: pH imbalance, nutrient deficiency, poor structure, salinization and heavy metal pollution.

[0003] Existing soil conditioners are mainly composed of organic materials, lime, biochar, etc. However, when applied on a large scale: 1. The cost of organic materials is high and the nutrient release rate is slow, making it impossible to meet the needs of crops in a timely manner; 2. Excessive use of lime can lead to deterioration of soil structure; 3. Excessive use of biochar will cause excessive water retention in the soil, affect soil aeration, and thus affect the respiration and growth of root crops. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a soil conditioner based on coal gangue and a circulating grinding device for preparing the same.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, the raw materials are prepared in percentage: Gangue powder 60-80%, organic materials 10-20%, gypsum powder 5-10%, biochar 5-10%, trace element fertilizer 3-8%; The optimal configuration is: 75% coal gangue powder, 10% organic material, 7% gypsum powder, 5% biochar, and 3% trace element fertilizer.

[0006] Further, organic materials are: plant residues, compost, chicken manure, peat and green manure.

[0007] Further, the trace element fertilizers are: zinc sulfate and iron sulfate.

[0008] A circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, based on the above-mentioned soil conditioner based on coal gangue, comprises: A bottom frame, wherein the bottom frame is fixedly connected to an air guide shell, the air guide shell is fixedly connected to and communicated with a first fixed shell, the first fixed shell is fixedly connected to and communicated with a second fixed shell, and the first fixed shell is located between the second fixed shell and the air guide shell; The analyzer is fixed in the second fixed shell and is characterized by: The bearing plate is fixedly connected in the air guide shell, the air guide shell is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the bottom frame is provided with a driving motor drivingly connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of rotating parts; A plurality of fixing rods are distributed at intervals and are all arranged in the first fixing shell, wherein the fixing rods are rotatably connected to arc-shaped plates which are located in the first fixing shell and are distributed in a straight line; The grinding assembly is arranged in the first fixed shell and is used for grinding coal gangue.

[0009] Furthermore, the first fixed shell is provided with first support members whose number is the same as the fixing rods and which are distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member away from the adjacent fixing rod is squeezed and matched with the adjacent arc plate, and the side of the first support member close to the adjacent fixing rod is fitted with the adjacent arc plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the first fixed shell is fixed with second support members whose number is the same as the number of the fixed rods and which are distributed at intervals. The second support members are fitted with the adjacent first support members and are squeezed and matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plates which are distributed in a straight line.

[0011] Further, the grinding assembly comprises: A fixing seat, fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft located in the first fixing shell; A plurality of first connecting frames are distributed at intervals and are all arranged on the fixing seat; Connecting members, the number of which is the same as that of the first connecting frames, are respectively arranged on a side of the adjacent first connecting frames away from the fixing seat; The number of the rotating rings is the same as that of the connecting members, and they are respectively fixed to the adjacent connecting members. The rotating rings are fixed to a rotating shell, and a fixing ring is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shell. The control components, which have the same number as the fixing rods and are distributed at intervals, are arranged in the first fixing shell and are used to control the arc plates distributed in adjacent straight lines to swing.

[0012] Further, the control component includes: The swing shells have the same number as the arc-shaped plates on the same fixed rod and are distributed in a straight line, and are all rotatably connected to the first fixed shell. The first fixed shell is provided with limit grooves having the same number as the swing shells, and the swing shells are located in adjacent limit grooves; Sliding members, the number of which is the same as that of the swing shells, are respectively slidably connected in adjacent swing shells, the side of the sliding member away from the adjacent swing shell is rotationally matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plate, and a spring is provided between the swing shell and the adjacent sliding member; A liquid guide tube, fixedly connected to the first fixed shell, the liquid guide tube is connected to the swing shells which are arranged in a straight line; A cooling component is arranged in the first fixed shell and is used to reduce the temperature of all the rotating shells.

[0013] Furthermore, the cooling component comprises: An air supply shell, fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft located in the first fixed shell, wherein an air cavity communicating with the air supply shell is provided in the rotating shaft; The number of air guide tubes is the same as that of the rotating shells, and they are all fixedly connected to the air supply shells. The air guide tubes are sealed and rotated with the adjacent rotating shells and are connected and matched. A rotating part that is rotatably matched with the adjacent air guide tubes is fixedly connected in the rotating shell. The rotating shell is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the plurality of air holes on the rotating shell are used to connect the rotating shell with the adjacent rotating rings. The limiting assembly is arranged in the first fixed shell and is used for limiting the rotation of all the rotating shells.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting component includes: A plurality of sliding plates are distributed at intervals and are respectively slidably connected to adjacent rotating members, the sliding plates are fixedly connected to a plurality of fixed blocks, the rotating members are slidably connected to extrusion blocks distributed at intervals, the number of the extrusion blocks is the same as that of the fixed blocks, the extrusion blocks are extrusion-matched with the adjacent fixed blocks, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the extrusion blocks and the adjacent sliding plates, and the extrusion blocks are frictionally matched with the adjacent air guide tubes; The rotating frame has the same number as the rotating shell and is slidably connected to the rotating shell. The connecting member is fixedly connected with a slide cylinder that penetrates the adjacent rotating frame and rotates with it. A one-way valve is arranged in the slide cylinder. A second connecting frame is fixedly connected between all the slide cylinders. A driving member is arranged in the first fixed shell, and the telescopic end of the driving member is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages: the present invention proposes a soil conditioner with coal gangue powder as the main component, so that the coal gangue powder accounts for the vast majority of the conditioner, and coal gangue, as an industrial waste, has a wide source and low cost. Adding coal gangue powder to the soil conditioner can significantly increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, thereby accelerating the soil improvement process without causing additional environmental pollution; The present invention divides the existing integral grinding ring into a plurality of arc-shaped plates and divides the grinding area by changing the distribution of the grinding ring. This design enables the grinding roller to grind coal gangue of different particle sizes at the same time, making the grinding method more flexible, shortening the grinding time, and ensuring the uniformity of coal gangue grinding at the same time. The present invention can flexibly change the grinding method when processing coal gangue of different particle sizes. When processing coal gangue of large particle size, the coal gangue of large particle size is gradually squeezed so that the particle size of the coal gangue of large particle size can be gradually reduced, so as to achieve the effect of stable grinding, and prevent the coal gangue of large particle size from being squeezed out of the grinding area when it contacts the grinding roller for the first time, thereby causing the coal gangue to be unable to be ground for the first time, resulting in prolonged grinding time of the coal gangue. When processing coal gangue of small particle size, the coal gangue of small particle size is processed in a rubbing grinding manner, so that the coal gangue is subjected to multi-directional shearing force and squeezing action during the grinding process, so as to be crushed more evenly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the first fixed shell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a top cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the first fixed shell of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first supporting member of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the curved plate of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the swing shell of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft of the present invention: Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting piece of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the rotating part of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing block and the extrusion block of the present invention.

[0017] Wherein: 101-base frame, 102-air guide shell, 103-first fixed shell, 104-second fixed shell, 105-analyzer, 106-carrying plate, 107-rotating shaft, 108-rotating member, 109-fixed rod, 1091-arc plate, 1092-first support member, 1093-second support member, 201-fixed seat, 202-first connecting frame, 203-connecting member, 204-swivel ring, 205-rotating shell, 206-fixed ring, 301-swinging shell, 302-limiting groove, 303-sliding member, 304-liquid guide tube, 401-air supply shell, 402-air guide tube, 403-rotating member, 501-sliding plate, 502-fixed block, 503-extrusion block, 504-rotating frame, 505-sliding cylinder, 506-second connecting frame, 507-driving member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the words indicating directions such as up, down, and right mentioned in this article are only for the position of the structure shown in the corresponding drawings. The serial numbers of the parts in this article, such as first, second, etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The words "connection" in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (connections).

[0019] In order to solve the problems of high cost of organic materials and slow nutrient release in existing soil conditioners, excessive use of lime leading to deterioration of soil structure and excessive water retention in the soil due to biochar, affecting soil permeability, the present invention proposes a method of using coal gangue powder as the main component of the soil conditioner, so that the coal gangue powder occupies the vast majority of the soil conditioner. Coal gangue is an industrial waste with a wide source and low cost. Adding coal gangue powder to the soil conditioner can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and accelerate the speed of soil improvement without causing additional pollution.

[0020] A soil conditioner based on coal gangue, the raw materials are formulated in percentages: Gangue powder 60-80%, organic materials 10-20%, gypsum powder 5-10%, biochar 5-10%, trace element fertilizer 3-8%; the optimal configuration is: gangue powder 75%, organic materials 10%, gypsum powder 7%, biochar 5%, trace element fertilizer 3%, the organic materials are: plant residues, compost, chicken manure, peat, green manure, trace element fertilizers are: zinc sulfate and iron sulfate.

[0021] In the above scheme, gypsum powder is used to improve soil structure; Biochar is wood and crop residues, used to improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and absorb heavy metals to reduce harm to plants and the environment; Biochar can increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water permeability, and thus improve soil structure; Trace element fertilizers are used to provide trace elements required by plants.

[0022] Before being added to the soil conditioner, the gangue is often crushed, ground and other processing steps. The existing equipment for grinding the gangue is usually: Raymond mill, which is mainly composed of a host, an analyzer, an air supply shell, a grinding device and a transfer device; When grinding coal gangue, the grinding device grinds the coal gangue into finer powder, which is then transported to the analyzer through the air supply device. Powder that meets the required particle size will be discharged by the analyzer, while powder that does not meet the required particle size will be re-introduced into the main machine for further grinding; When the particle sizes of coal gangue are different, the grinding device only contacts the coal gangue with the largest particle size at the same time, while the coal gangue with smaller particle size will be squeezed to the surrounding or difficult to contact the grinding surface. The amount of coal gangue processed at the same time is small, which will reduce the grinding efficiency of the grinding device for coal gangue.

[0023] The present invention changes the distribution of the grinding ring, divides the grinding ring from an existing integral body into a plurality of arc-shaped plates, and divides the grinding area, so that the grinding roller can grind coal gangue of different particle sizes at the same time, making the grinding method more flexible, and the coal gangue of different particle sizes can be distributed to different grinding areas, shortening the grinding time while ensuring the uniformity of the coal gangue being ground at the same time.

[0024] A circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a base frame 101, the base frame 101 is fixedly connected to an air guide shell 102, the air guide shell 102 is fixedly connected to and communicated with a first fixed shell 103, the first fixed shell 103 is fixedly connected to and communicated with a second fixed shell 104, and the first fixed shell 103 is located between the second fixed shell 104 and the air guide shell 102; an analyzer 105 is fixedly connected in the second fixed shell 104, a bearing plate 106 is fixedly connected in the air guide shell 102, the air guide shell 102 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 107, the base frame 101 is provided with a driving motor transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 107, and the rotating shaft 107 is fixedly connected to a plurality of rotating parts 108; a plurality of fixed rods 109 are distributed at intervals and are all arranged in the first fixed shell 103, and the fixed rods 109 are rotatably connected to an arc plate 1091 located in the first fixed shell 103 and distributed in a straight line; a grinding assembly is arranged in the first fixed shell 103 and is used to grind coal gangue.

[0025] In the above scheme, the analyzer 105 is also called a classifier or a powder selector, which is used to separate fine powder that meets the requirements, so as to reduce the possibility of over-grinding. In actual use, the supporting plate 106 can be set to be convex in the middle, so as to guide the coal gangue in the middle of the supporting plate 106 to the surroundings. The rotating member 108 is composed of an arc shovel and a connecting column fixed to each other. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 107, the arc shovel scoops up the coal gangue on the upper side of the supporting plate 106 and transfers it upward, so that the coal gangue can be ground again to achieve cyclic grinding of the coal gangue. In actual use, elastic pins can be added to the upper and lower sides of the fixing rod 109 to facilitate the installation of the fixing rod 109. There are three arc plates 1091 distributed in a straight line in the present invention. In the present invention, there are four fixed rods 109 and they are evenly spaced. There are also four rotating members 108 and they are evenly spaced. The arc plate 1091 is made of alloy material (wear-resistant and high-strength).

[0026] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first fixed shell 103 is provided with first support members 1092 whose number is the same as the fixing rods 109 and which are distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member 1092 away from the adjacent fixing rod 109 is squeezed and matched with the adjacent arc plate 1091, and the side of the first support member 1092 close to the adjacent fixing rod 109 is fitted with the adjacent arc plate 1091. The first fixed shell 103 is fixed with second support members 1093 whose number is the same as the fixing rods 109 and which are distributed at intervals. The second support member 1093 is fitted with the adjacent first support member 1092 and squeezed and matched with the adjacent arc plates 1091 distributed in a straight line.

[0027] In the above scheme, there are four first support members 1092 and they are evenly spaced. The side of the first support member 1092 away from the adjacent fixed rod 109 is made of hard silicone material. When the arc plate 1091 swings, it squeezes the adjacent first support member 1092, causing the first support member 1092 to deform to adapt to the swing of the adjacent arc plate 1091. In actual applications, support blocks can be further added between the arc plate 1091 and the first fixed shell 103. The support blocks are used to limit the swing angle of the adjacent arc plate 1091.

[0028] like Figure 3-Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the grinding assembly includes: a fixed seat 201, fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 107 located in the first fixed shell 103; a plurality of first connecting frames 202, which are distributed at intervals and are all arranged on the fixed seat 201; connecting members 203, which are the same in number as the first connecting frames 202 and are respectively arranged on the side of adjacent first connecting frames 202 away from the fixed seat 201; rotating rings 204, which are the same in number as the connecting members 203 and are respectively fixed to adjacent connecting members 203, the rotating rings 204 are fixedly connected to a rotating shell 205, and a fixed ring 206 is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shell 205; a control assembly, which is the same in number as the fixed rods 109 and is distributed at intervals, and is arranged in the first fixed shell 103, and is used to control the swing of the arc plates 1091 distributed in adjacent straight lines.

[0029] In the above scheme, the fixed seat 201 is composed of two fixed plates, and the two fixed plates are connected by bolts. In the present invention, there are four first connecting frames 202 distributed at equal intervals. Taking the first connecting frame 202 on the right side as an example, one of the rotating members 108 is located on the front side of the first connecting frame 202 on the right side, and is used to enable the rotating member 108 to guide the guided coal gangue to between the fixed ring 206 and the adjacent arc plate 1091. The fixed ring 206 is made of alloy material, and the fixed ring 206 and the adjacent rotating shell 205 are detachably connected. The rotating shell 205 is welded by two semicircular shells. The connecting member 203, the rotating ring 204 and the rotating shell 205 are all made of materials that can conduct heat.

[0030] like Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the control component includes: a swing shell 301, which is consistent in number with the arc-shaped plates 1091 on the same fixed rod 109 and is distributed in a straight line, and is rotatably connected to the first fixed shell 103. The first fixed shell 103 is provided with limiting grooves 302 that are consistent in number with the swing shell 301, and the swing shell 301 is located in adjacent limiting grooves 302; sliding members 303, which are consistent in number with the swing shell 301 and are distributed in a straight line, are respectively slidably connected to adjacent swing shells 301, and the side of the sliding member 303 away from the adjacent swing shell 301 is rotatably matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plate 1091, and a spring is provided between the swing shell 301 and the adjacent sliding member 303; a liquid guide tube 304, which is fixed to the first fixed shell 103, and the liquid guide tube 304 is connected to the swing shell 301 distributed in a straight line; a cooling component is arranged in the first fixed shell 103, and is used to reduce the temperature of all rotating shells 205.

[0031] In the above scheme, two inclined surfaces are provided on the side of the swing shell 301 away from the axis of the first fixed shell 103. When the center of the circle where the arc plate 1091 is located is not offset from the center of the circle where the first fixed shell 103 is located, taking the swing shell 301 on the left side as an example, the inclined surface of the left front part of the swing shell 301 fits with the adjacent limiting groove 302. Conversely, when the center of the circle where the arc plate 1091 is located is offset to the maximum angle from the center of the circle where the first fixed shell 103 is located, the inclined surface of the left rear part of the swing shell 301 fits with the adjacent limiting groove 302, and this is the maximum swing angle of the arc plate 1091. In actual application, the liquid guide tube 304 is connected to a pressure control device (such as a gear pump), and a slide groove is provided on the air guide shell 102 to facilitate the movement of the liquid guide tube 304.

[0032] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the cooling component includes: an air supply shell 401, which is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 107 located in the first fixed shell 103, and an air cavity connected to the air supply shell 401 is arranged in the rotating shaft 107; air guide tubes 402, which are the same in number as the rotating shells 205, are all fixedly connected to the air supply shell 401, and the air guide tubes 402 are sealed and rotated with the adjacent rotating shells 205 and are connected and matched, and a rotating part 403 is fixedly connected in the rotating shell 205 and is rotatably matched with the adjacent air guide tubes 402, and the rotating shell 205 is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the plurality of air holes on the rotating shell 205 are used to connect the rotating shell 205 and the adjacent rotating ring 204; a limiting component is arranged in the first fixed shell 103, and is used to limit the rotation of all rotating shells 205.

[0033] In the above scheme, the air supply shell 401 is composed of a bolt seat and four connecting plates distributed at equal intervals, the four connecting plates distributed at equal intervals are all fixed to the bolt seat, and the air guide tube 402 is located on the side of the connecting plate on the air supply shell 401 away from the bolt seat. In the present invention, the rotating part 403 is composed of a fixed cylinder and two rectangular plates distributed in a circular array, the two rectangular plates distributed in the circular array are fixed to the outer side of the fixed cylinder, and the inner side of the fixed cylinder ring is sealed and rotated with the adjacent air guide tube 402. In actual applications, the number of rectangular plates can be added according to work requirements.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 7-Figure 11As shown, the limit assembly includes: a plurality of sliding plates 501, which are distributed at intervals and are respectively slidably connected to adjacent rotating members 403, the sliding plates 501 are fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed blocks 502, the rotating members 403 are slidably connected with extrusion blocks 503 distributed at intervals, the number of extrusion blocks 503 is the same as that of the fixed blocks 502, the extrusion blocks 503 are extrusion-matched with the adjacent fixed blocks 502, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the extrusion blocks 503 and the adjacent sliding plates 501, and the extrusion blocks 503 are frictionally matched with the adjacent air guide tubes 402; a rotating frame 504, which is the same in number as the rotating shell 205 and is slidably connected to the rotating shell 205, the connecting member 203 is fixedly connected with a slide cylinder 505 that penetrates the adjacent rotating frame 504 and rotatably cooperates therewith, a one-way valve is arranged in the slide cylinder 505, a second connecting frame 506 is commonly fixedly connected between all the slide cylinders 505, a driving member 507 is arranged in the first fixed shell 103, and the telescopic end of the driving member 507 is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame 506.

[0035] In the above scheme, there are two sliding plates 501 in each rotating member 403 in the present invention, and the two sliding plates 501 are slidably connected in the adjacent rotating members 403. An inclined surface is provided on the side of the extrusion block 503 away from the adjacent air guide tube 402, and an inclined surface is provided on the upper side of the fixed block 502. The inclined surface on the fixed block 502 is extruded and matched with the inclined surface on the adjacent extrusion block 503. The extrusion block 503 is made of deformable material, and the side of the extrusion block 503 close to the adjacent air guide tube 402 is deformable to increase the friction area between the extrusion block 503 and the adjacent air guide tube 402. The driving member 507 is composed of an electric push rod and a protective shell. The electric push rod is located in the protective shell, and the telescopic part of the electric push rod is rotatably matched with the upper side of the second connecting frame 506.

[0036] Before grinding the coal gangue, the staff first connects the air inlet of the external air inlet device to the front side of the air guide shell 102 and the air cavity in the rotating shaft 107, and then connects the external exhaust device to the upper side of the second fixed shell 104, and finally starts the two electrical devices mentioned above.

[0037] After the external air intake device is started, gas is sent into the air cavity in the air guide shell 102 and the rotating shaft 107, so that the gas enters the first fixed shell 103 and the second fixed shell 104 through the air guide shell 102, and the gas in the second fixed shell 104 is extracted by the external air exhaust device to realize the circulation of the gas in the first fixed shell 103. The gas in the air cavity in the rotating shaft 107 enters all the air guide tubes 402 through the air supply shell 401. The air guide tube 402 guides the air to the adjacent rotating shell 205, and is discharged into the adjacent rotating ring 204 through the air holes on the rotating shell 205, and is discharged by the adjacent sliding cylinder 505. Finally, the pressure control port of the pressure control device is connected to all the liquid guide tubes 304.

[0038] After the gas circulates in the first fixed shell 103, the staff starts the analyzer 105 and the driving motor. The driving motor drives the rotating shaft 107 to rotate through the pulley belt. The rotating shaft 107 drives all the rotating parts 108, the air supply shell 401, the fixed seat 201 and its accessories to rotate in the first fixed shell 103 (clockwise when viewed from top to bottom). To this end, the preparation actions before coal gangue grinding are completed.

[0039] After completing the preparatory actions before grinding the coal gangue, the staff pours the coal gangue into the first fixed shell 103 through the feed port on the right side of the first fixed shell 103. When all the fixed rings 206 rotate with the fixed seat 201 until they come into contact with the arc plate 1091 located on the right rear side and distributed in a straight line (only the right rear side is taken as an example), the coal gangue falling downward is ground. The extrusion process is as follows: the fixed ring 206 squeezes the coal gangue between the adjacent and linearly distributed arc plates 1091, thereby generating friction, so that the fixed ring 206 drives the adjacent rotating shell 205 to rotate, and cooperates with the arc plate 1091 distributed in a straight line on the right rear side to grind the coal gangue in a rolling manner to reduce the particle size of the coal gangue.

[0040] At the same time, when coal gangue of different particle sizes are squeezed by adjacent fixed rings 206, the coal gangue with large particle size and high hardness drives the adjacent arc plates 1091 to rotate outward (at this time, the hardness of the coal gangue with large particle size and high hardness is greater than the supporting force provided by the adjacent springs of the sliding member 303, so that the arc plate 1091 squeezes the adjacent sliding member 303, the first support member 1092 and the second support member 1093 during the rotation, and the first support member 1092 and the second support member 1093 are deformed. During the movement of the sliding member 303, the adjacent springs are squeezed and the adjacent swing shells 301 rotate along the adjacent limit grooves 302), so that the arc plates 1091 distributed in a straight line are staggered, and the coal gangue with large particle size and high hardness gradually moves along the adjacent arc plates 1091.

[0041] When the large-size and high-hardness coal gangue moves along the adjacent arc-shaped plate 1091, it is squeezed by the adjacent fixed ring 206, and the particle size of the large-size and high-hardness coal gangue is gradually reduced, thereby achieving special treatment of the large-size and high-hardness coal gangue. The small-size coal gangue is easily ground by the fixed ring 206 and the adjacent arc-shaped plate 1091.

[0042] When the arc plate 1091 swings to the adjacent swing shell 301 and contacts the other side of the adjacent limit groove 302, the swing shell 301 stops rotating, so that the arc plate 1091 no longer swings. This is the maximum swing limit of the arc plate 1091, and there is no gap between the staggered positions of adjacent arc plates 1091.

[0043] After the coal gangue with large particle size and high hardness is ground, the spring adjacent to the sliding member 303 drives the adjacent arc plate 1091 to reset and rotate, so that the sliding member 303 and the adjacent swing shell 301 are reset and rotated to Figure 6 Status in.

[0044] After the gangue is ground into powder, the airflow in the first fixed shell 103 sends the gangue powder into the analyzer 105, and the gangue powder that meets the particle size required for the work is discharged from the analyzer 105, while the gangue powder with a large particle size falls down again.

[0045] The ground gangue or unground gangue finally falls onto the upper side of the supporting plate 106, and all rotating parts 108 scoop up the gangue as the rotating shaft 107 rotates and send it back into the grinding area (the grinding area is between the fixed ring 206 and the adjacent arc plate 1091), so that the gangue is ground again, thereby realizing the cyclic grinding of the gangue.

[0046] During the process of grinding the coal gangue, the fixed ring 206 contacts the coal gangue so that the fixed ring 206 drives the adjacent rotating shell 205, the rotating part 403 and the rotating ring 204 to rotate along the slide tube 505 and the air guide tube 402. During the rotation of the rotating shell 205, the gas therein circulates, thereby cooling the rotating shell 205. The rotating shell 205 cools the adjacent fixed ring 206, thereby reducing the temperature of the fixed ring 206, reducing the generation of thermal stress, and increasing the service life of the fixed ring 206.

[0047] After the gangue is processed for a period of time, the particle size of the gangue in the first fixed shell 103 has become smaller. At this time, the telescopic end of the driving member 507 drives the second connecting frame 506 to move upward (the second connecting frame 506 will rotate along with all the slides 505 during use). During the upward movement of the second connecting frame 506, all the slides 505 and all the rotating frames 504 are driven to move upward synchronously.

[0048] As the rotating frame 504 moves upward, it drives the two adjacent sliding plates 501 to move upward, and the sliding plates 501 drive the three adjacent fixed blocks 502 to move upward synchronously, so that the fixed blocks 502 squeeze the adjacent extrusion blocks 503, and make the extrusion blocks 503 approach the direction of the adjacent air guide tube 402 (the adjacent tension springs are stretched during the movement of the extrusion blocks 503).

[0049] When the extrusion block 503 and the air guide tube 402 are in contact with each other, friction is generated, and the fixing ring 206 and its attached parts and the adjacent connecting member 203 remain stationary, so that the fixing ring 206 no longer rotates.

[0050] After all the fixed rings 206 stop rotating, the staff injects liquid into all the liquid guide tubes 304 through the external booster equipment. The liquid guide tubes 304 transport the liquid to the adjacent swing shells 301, increase the pressure in the swing shells 301, keep the adjacent sliding parts 303 still, and thus keep the arc plate 1091 still.

[0051] As described above, all the fixed rings 206 will not rotate themselves during the rotation of the rotating shaft 107. At that time, when the fixed rings 206 squeeze the coal gangue between the adjacent arc plates 1091, the coal gangue is ground by rubbing the coal gangue, so that the coal gangue is subjected to multi-directional shear force and extrusion, thereby being evenly ground.

[0052] After the gangue is ground, the staff extracts the liquid in all the liquid guide tubes 304 through the external booster device to reduce the pressure in all the swing shells 301, and then the telescopic end of the driving member 507 drives the second connecting frame 506 to move downward to reset, so that all the slide cylinders 505, rotating frames 504 and sliding plates 501 move to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the state, the fixed block 502 no longer squeezes the adjacent squeezing block 503 during the reset movement of the sliding plate 501. The squeezing block 503 resets and moves under the action of the adjacent tension spring and no longer contacts the adjacent air guide tube 402. Finally, the staff can turn off all the electrical components mentioned above. When the coal gangue needs to be ground again, the above steps can be repeated.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner based on coal gangue, characterized in that: Raw materials are formulated in percentages: Gangue powder 60-80%, organic materials 10-20%, gypsum powder 5-10%, biochar 5-10%, trace element fertilizer 3-8%; The optimal configuration is: 75% coal gangue powder, 10% organic material, 7% gypsum powder, 5% biochar, and 3% trace element fertilizer.

2. The soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: Organic materials are: plant residues, compost, chicken manure, peat and green manure.

3. The soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: Trace element fertilizers are: zinc sulfate and iron sulfate.

4. A circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, the soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 1, comprising: A bottom frame (101), the bottom frame (101) being fixedly connected to an air guide shell (102), the air guide shell (102) being fixedly connected to and in communication with a first fixed shell (103), the first fixed shell (103) being fixedly connected to and in communication with a second fixed shell (104), the first fixed shell (103) being located between the second fixed shell (104) and the air guide shell (102); The analyzer (105) is fixedly connected to the second fixed shell (104), and is characterized by: A bearing plate (106) is fixedly connected in the air guide housing (102); the air guide housing (102) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (107); the bottom frame (101) is provided with a driving motor drivingly connected to the rotating shaft (107); and the rotating shaft (107) is fixedly connected to a plurality of rotating parts (108); A plurality of fixing rods (109) are distributed at intervals and are all disposed in the first fixing shell (103); the fixing rods (109) are rotatably connected to arc-shaped plates (1091) that are located in the first fixing shell (103) and are distributed in a straight line; A grinding assembly is arranged in the first fixed shell (103) and is used for grinding coal gangue.

5. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fixing shell (103) is provided with first support members (1092) whose number is the same as the fixing rods (109) and which are distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member (1092) away from the adjacent fixing rod (109) is pressed and matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plate (1091), and the side of the first support member (1092) close to the adjacent fixing rod (109) is fitted with the adjacent arc-shaped plate (1091).

6. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first fixed shell (103) is fixed with second support members (1093) whose number is the same as the fixed rods (109) and which are distributed at intervals. The second support members (1093) fit closely with the adjacent first support members (1092) and are squeezed and matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plates (1091) which are distributed in a straight line.

7. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding assembly comprises: A fixing seat (201) fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft (107) located inside the first fixing shell (103); A plurality of first connecting frames (202) are distributed at intervals and are all arranged on the fixing seat (201); Connecting members (203), the number of which is the same as that of the first connecting frames (202), and which are respectively arranged on a side of an adjacent first connecting frame (202) away from the fixing seat (201); The rotating rings (204) are the same in number as the connecting members (203) and are respectively fixedly connected to adjacent connecting members (203); the rotating rings (204) are fixedly connected to a rotating shell (205); and a fixing ring (206) is disposed on the outer side of the rotating shell (205); The control components are arranged in the first fixed shell (103), the number of which is the same as that of the fixed rods (109) and which are spaced apart, and are used to control the swinging of the arc-shaped plates (1091) distributed in adjacent straight lines.

8. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control component comprises: The swing shells (301) are identical in number to the arc-shaped plates (1091) on the same fixed rod (109) and are distributed in a straight line, and are all rotatably connected to the first fixed shell (103); the first fixed shell (103) is provided with limiting grooves (302) identical in number to the swing shells (301); the swing shells (301) are located in adjacent limiting grooves (302); The sliding members (303) are the same in number as the swing shells (301), and are respectively slidably connected in adjacent swing shells (301); a side of the sliding member (303) away from the adjacent swing shell (301) is rotationally matched with the adjacent arc-shaped plate (1091); and a spring is provided between the swing shell (301) and the adjacent sliding member (303); A liquid guide tube (304) is fixedly connected to the first fixed shell (103), and the liquid guide tube (304) is connected to the swing shells (301) distributed in a straight line; A cooling component is arranged in the first fixed shell (103) and is used to reduce the temperature of all the rotating shells (205).

9. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling component comprises: An air supply shell (401) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft (107) located inside the first fixed shell (103); an air cavity communicating with the air supply shell (401) is provided inside the rotating shaft (107); The number of air guide tubes (402) is the same as that of the rotating shell (205), and both are fixedly connected to the air supply shell (401); the air guide tube (402) rotates in a sealed manner and is in communication with the adjacent rotating shell (205); a rotating member (403) is fixedly connected in the rotating shell (205) and is in communication with the adjacent air guide tube (402); the rotating shell (205) is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the plurality of air holes on the rotating shell (205) are used to connect the rotating shell (205) and the adjacent rotating ring (204); A limit assembly is arranged in the first fixed shell (103) and is used to limit the rotation of all the rotating shells (205).

10. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting component comprises: A plurality of sliding plates (501) are arranged at intervals and are respectively slidably connected to adjacent rotating members (403); the sliding plates (501) are fixedly connected to a plurality of fixed blocks (502); the rotating members (403) are slidably connected to extrusion blocks (503) arranged at intervals; the number of the extrusion blocks (503) is the same as that of the fixed blocks (502); the extrusion blocks (503) are extrusion-matched with adjacent fixed blocks (502); a tension spring is fixedly connected between the extrusion blocks (503) and the adjacent sliding plates (501); and the extrusion blocks (503) are frictionally matched with the adjacent air guide tubes (402); The rotating frames (504) are the same in number as the rotating shells (205) and are slidably connected to the rotating shells (205). The connecting member (203) is fixedly connected with a slide cylinder (505) which passes through the adjacent rotating frames (504) and is rotatably matched therewith. A one-way valve is arranged in the slide cylinder (505). A second connecting frame (506) is commonly fixedly connected between all the slide cylinders (505). A driving member (507) is arranged in the first fixed shell (103). The telescopic end of the driving member (507) is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame (506).

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