Composition for selenium-enriched acidification improvement and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.05 to 0.2 part of pre-adaptive acidified selenium-philic microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis YLX-1 fungicide, 0.5 to 2 parts of calcium-magnesium base substance, 1 to 3 parts of soil conditioner and 3 to 9 parts of organic matter, the application method of the composition comprises the following steps: applying the composition into soil according to the dosage of 200-400 kg / mu during soil preparation before crop transplanting, and sufficiently mixing through ploughing, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm. According to the technical principle, through combination of the pre-adaptive acidified selenium-philic microbial agent, the calcium-magnesium base substance, the soil conditioner and the organic matter, the problems about treatment of the selenium-rich acidified soil and improvement of the availability of selenium in the soil are synchronously solved, and the selenium-rich acidified soil and the organic matter have a synergistic effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of selenium-enriched acidified soil improvement, and particularly relates to a selenium-enriched acidified improved composition and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production with high input, high output and intensive production, the accumulation of H+ in the soil surface due to atmospheric acid deposition and nitrogen deposition, continuous excessive nitrogen application and unreasonable irrigation is the main reason for the acidification of some farmland soils and facility soils. Soil is the basis of agricultural production. Due to the occurrence of soil acidification, the area of ​​soil suitable for farming is getting smaller and smaller. Soil acidification leads to the leaching of nutrients and basic elements (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) in the soil, the increase of heavy metal ion activity in the soil, the inhibition of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity, and the deterioration of soil fertility and soil quality, which seriously limits the development of soil production potential. .

[0003] Selenium is a trace element necessary for the human body. It is closely related to human health and is the source of human life. It is known as the "element of life". It has many biological functions such as anti-oxidation and enhancing the immune system. It is an anti-cancer substance recognized by the international medical community. The selenium content in Chinese soil ranges from 0.01 to 5.00 mg / kg, with an average of 0.18 mg / kg. There are also some selenium-rich soils in my country, which overlap with the distribution of acidified soils. Therefore, these places have a strong desire to develop selenium-rich high-value agricultural products with the help of selenium-rich soil resources. However, soil selenium exists in different forms, including water-soluble, exchangeable, acid-soluble (carbonate and iron-manganese oxide bound), organic matter bound, and residual. The sum of water-soluble and exchangeable states is called the effective state, which is selenium that can be directly used by plants. Plant absorption of soil selenium depends on the effectiveness of soil selenium. The effectiveness of soil selenium is affected by many factors, including soil structure, organic matter, pH+Eh value, and microbial activity. Studies have shown that some microorganisms have the ability to activate soil selenium and can convert ineffective selenium into an effective state that can be absorbed and utilized by plants through metabolism, thereby improving the biological effectiveness of soil selenium.

[0004] Although there have been preliminary reports on soil acidification control or selenium-enriched soil conditioning, such as CN202410993744.1 discloses a soil conditioner for soil acidification control and its preparation and application, the principle of which is that the AEB nanocomposite material is mixed with dolomite powder in proportion, and the material can improve the soil pH buffering capacity to achieve soil acidification control; CN202310719683.5 discloses a cadmium-reducing selenium-enriched soil conditioner and its preparation method and use method, which is granulated by mixing glomalin-related soil protein, limestone powder or dolomite powder, selenium-enriched organic fertilizer, polyphosphate, nano-hydrated manganese oxide modified biochar, etc., and increases the supply of selenium in the soil by exogenous addition of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer, and at the same time improves the utilization rate of selenium by adjusting pH and using glomalin-related soil protein. CN202011623157.1 discloses a method for preparing a microbial conditioner for activating soil selenium using farmyard manure, limestone powder, potassium humate, and selenophilic microbial agents. However, at present, there are no special agricultural inputs and related methods of use that can simultaneously achieve the treatment of selenium-enriched acidified soil and improve the utilization rate of selenium in the soil. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil and its application, which specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil (total selenium content ≥ 0.4 mg / kg, pH < 6.5) and an application method thereof, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 0.05-0.2 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agent, 0.5-2 parts of calcium and magnesium base, 1-5 parts of soil conditioner, and 3-9 parts of organic matter; Preferably, the composition for selenium-enriched acidified soil improvement comprises, by weight, 0.1 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agent, 1 part of calcium and magnesium base, 3 parts of soil conditioner, and 6 parts of organic matter; Preferably, the selenium-loving microorganism refers to Wautersiella enshiensis YLX-1 (the depository is China Center for Type Culture Collection, the deposit date is December 18, 2013, and the deposit number is CCTCCNO: M2013671); The pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agent refers to the process of culturing the above selenium-loving microorganisms to the logarithmic growth phase, placing them in different pH (pH5.0, 4.5, 4.0) for pre-adaptation for 1 hour each, and then preparing them into a solid agent; Preferably, the calcium magnesium base refers to calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; Preferably, the organic matter refers to organic fertilizer (organic matter content ≥ 30%).

[0006] The application method of the composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil (total selenium content ≥ 0.4 mg / kg, pH < 6.5) is as follows: during land preparation before crop transplanting, the composition is applied to the soil at a dosage of 200-400 kg / mu and fully mixed by plowing at a plowing depth of 20-30 cm.

[0007] The technical principle of the present invention is to simultaneously solve the problem of treating selenium-rich acidified soil and improving the availability of selenium in the soil through the combination of pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agents, calcium magnesium bases, soil conditioners and organic matter, and the two have a synergistic effect. The combination of calcium and magnesium base: soil conditioner: organic fertilizer in a ratio of 1:3:6 can effectively increase the pH of acidic soil and improve the soil. The calcium and magnesium base can effectively reduce the activity of heavy metal ions in the soil and increase the activity of soil microorganisms and enzymes. The soil conditioner can directly regulate the pH of the soil. The use of organic fertilizer can effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Through this combined technical mode of calcium supplementation, nitrogen reduction, acid reduction and carbon increase, the pH of acidic soil is increased. At the same time, the pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agent is used in combination with the above-mentioned acid-adjusting composition, so that acid adjustment and increasing the utilization rate of soil selenium achieve a coordinated effect: on the one hand, the selenium-loving microbial agent after pre-adaptation to acidification grows and proliferates normally in the soil, and activates the acid-soluble (carbonate and iron-manganese oxide bound state) and organic matter bound state in the acidic soil. Biologically unavailable selenium is activated into nano-state, water-soluble state, exchangeable state and other biologically available selenium. In this process, the selenium-loving microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp. nov. YLX-1 also produces alkaline metabolites such as ammonia, carbonic acid and phosphoric acid, which in turn increase the pH of the soil and further promote the conversion of biologically unavailable selenium in the soil into an available state. On the other hand, the combination of calcium and magnesium bases, soil conditioners and organic fertilizers not only increases the pH value in the soil, but also increases the Eh value (redox potential) of the soil by supplementing calcium, reducing nitrogen, reducing acid and increasing carbon. The increase in pH+Eh value in turn promotes the conversion and maintenance of selenium in the soil into a biologically available state, and improves the working efficiency of the selenium-loving microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp. nov.YLX-1.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the selenium-enriched acidified soil improvement composition proposed in the present invention, on the one hand, utilizes acidification control components such as calcium magnesium bases, soil conditioners, and organic fertilizers to provide pH and Eh, while promoting the growth of selenium-loving microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp. nov. YLX-1, and enhancing the conversion and maintenance of selenium in the soil into a bioavailable state; on the other hand, during the growth and proliferation process of the selenium-loving microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp. nov. YLX-1, in addition to improving the level of bioavailable selenium in the soil, can also assist in acidification control through its own metabolites, thereby achieving the effect of "1+1>2". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effects of the present invention.

[0010] Test soil 1: Basic soil physical and chemical properties are: pH = 4.64, organic matter 3.27%, total selenium 0.45 mg / kg, biologically available selenium ratio 3.51%, belonging to selenium-rich acidified soil; Test soil 2: Basic soil physical and chemical properties are: pH = 5.52, organic matter 3.48%, total selenium 0.53 mg / kg, biologically effective selenium ratio 3.72%, belonging to selenium-rich acidified soil; Example

[0011] A composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 0.1 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent, 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of soil conditioner, and 6 parts of organic fertilizer, wherein the pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent refers to the process of culturing the selenophilic microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp.nov. YLX-1 to the logarithmic growth phase, placing it in different pH (pH5.0, 4.5, 4.0) for pre-adaptation for 1 hour each, and then preparing it into a solid agent, and then mixing the above composition evenly for standby use.

[0012] In a test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 300 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing at a plowing depth of 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 4.93, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 17.06%.

[0013] In the second test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 300 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing at a plowing depth of 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 5.72, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 17.72%. Example

[0014] A composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 0.05 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent, 0.5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of soil conditioner, and 3 parts of organic fertilizer, wherein the pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent refers to the process of culturing the selenophilic microorganism Wautersiella enshiensissp. nov. YLX-1 to the logarithmic growth phase, placing it in different pH (pH5.0, 4.5, 4.0) for pre-adaptation for 1 hour each, and then preparing it into a solid agent, and then mixing the above composition evenly for standby use.

[0015] In a test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 200 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing at a plowing depth of 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 4.76, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 14.92%.

[0016] In the second test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 200 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing. The plowing depth was 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 5.64, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 15.86%. Example

[0017] A composition for improving selenium-enriched acidified soil, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 0.2 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent, 2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5 parts of soil conditioner, and 9 parts of organic fertilizer, wherein the pre-adapted acidified selenophilic microbial agent refers to the process of culturing the selenophilic microorganism Wautersiella enshiensis sp.nov. YLX-1 to the logarithmic growth phase, placing it in different pH (pH5.0, 4.5, 4.0) for pre-adaptation for 1 hour each, and then preparing it into a solid agent, and then mixing the above composition evenly for standby use.

[0018] In a test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 400 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing at a plowing depth of 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 4.89, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 16.74%.

[0019] In the second test soil plot, the above composition was applied to the soil at a dosage of 400 kg / mu during land preparation before crop transplanting and fully mixed by plowing with a plowing depth of 20-30 cm. After 20 days of plowing, the pH value of the test soil increased to 5.68, and the proportion of effective selenium in the soil increased to 16.82%.

[0020] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above implementation. As long as the technical effect of the present invention is achieved by the same means, it should belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Within the protection scope of the present invention, its technical scheme and / or implementation method can have various modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement, characterized in that: 0.05-0.2 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agents, 0.5-2 parts of calcium and magnesium bases, 1-5 parts of soil conditioners, and 3-9 parts of organic matter.

2. The composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selenium-loving microorganism refers to Wautersiella enshiensis YLX-1 (the depository unit is China Center for Type Culture Collection, the deposit date is December 18, 2013, and the deposit number is CCTCCNO: M2013671).

3. The composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium-magnesium base material is calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

4. The composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter is organic fertilizer.

5. The composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 0.1 parts of pre-adapted acidified selenium-loving microbial agent, 1 part of calcium and magnesium base, 3 parts of soil conditioner, and 6 parts of organic matter.

6. The method for using the composition for selenium-enriched acidification soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that During land preparation before crop transplanting, the composition is applied to the soil at a dosage of 200-400 kg / mu and fully mixed by tilling at a tillage depth of 20-30 cm.