Tidal power-based power station and power generation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tidal water conservancy power generation, and provides a tidal power-based power station and a power generation method thereof.The power station comprises a first infrastructure body, a second infrastructure body, a power generation device, an adjusting device and an energy storage device; the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body are oppositely arranged, so that a flow guide channel for tidal water to pass through is formed between the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body; the power generation device is arranged in the flow guide channel and used for generating power under the action of tide water in the flow guide channel and outputting electric energy; the adjusting device is used for adjusting the flow, flow speed and flow direction of the tide water allowed to pass through the flow guide channel according to the fluctuation quantity of the tide water flow speed; the energy storage device is connected with the power generation device and used for storing electric energy output by the power generation device and outputting the electric energy externally for grid connection. Fluctuation of output electric energy of the power generation device can be effectively buffered, flexible grid connection of the output electric energy of the power generation station is achieved, and the overall operation stability of the tidal power generation station is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tidal hydroelectric power generation, and in particular to a tidal power-based power station and a power generation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy grows, tidal power generation has attracted much attention as a sustainable energy development method. Tidal power is the periodic change of water level caused by the gravitational interaction of the earth, the moon and the sun. Tidal power can be characterized by tidal energy and tidal current energy. Building power stations based on these tidal powers has many advantages, such as being renewable and pollution-free.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the stability of power station operation faces severe challenges. Taking tidal power generation as an example, its energy density is relatively low. During the power generation process, the periodic changes in tidal rise and fall will cause large fluctuations in parameters such as water flow speed and water level, resulting in unstable power output from the power generation device. Although tidal power generation concentrates energy in specific sea areas, the speed and direction of the tide are affected by many factors, and are intermittent and volatile, making it difficult for power generation devices to operate continuously and stably. Moreover, no matter what kind of tidal power generation is used, the marine environment is complex and changeable. For example, abnormal changes in ocean currents caused by extreme weather may exceed the normal operating range of the power station design, further exacerbating the fluctuations in power output and even threatening the safety of power generation equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tidal power-based power station and a power generation method thereof, which are used to solve the problems of the prior art tidal power generation being difficult to operate continuously and stably and the unstable output of electric energy, and can reduce the power generation fluctuations of the power generation device under tidal power, so as to stabilize the electric energy output to the power grid, thereby effectively improving the overall operation stability of the tidal power station.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a tidal power plant, comprising: The first infrastructure; The second infrastructure body is arranged opposite to the first infrastructure body to form a diversion channel for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body; A power generation device is arranged in the diversion channel, and is used to generate electricity under the action of tidal water in the diversion channel and output electric energy; A regulating device for adjusting the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel according to the fluctuation amount of the tidal water flow velocity; The energy storage device is connected to the power generation device. The energy storage device is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device and output it to the outside and connect to the grid.

[0006] A tidal power plant provided according to the present invention further comprises: The third infrastructure body is arranged at the entrance of the diversion channel, and / or The fourth infrastructure body is arranged at the exit position of the diversion channel; The third infrastructure and the fourth infrastructure are both terraced structures.

[0007] According to a tidal power plant provided by the present invention, a first slot is provided on the first infrastructure body, and a second slot is provided on the second infrastructure body; The regulating device includes: A gantry is installed on the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body to be erected above the diversion channel; An arc-shaped adjustment plate, one end of which is installed in the first slot, and the other end of which is installed in the second slot; The driving mechanism is installed on the gantry, and the driving mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped adjustment plate through a steel wire rope, so that the arc-shaped adjustment plate is hoisted on the guide channel; Flow velocity sensor, used to collect the fluctuation of tidal flow velocity; The controller is connected to the driving mechanism and the flow rate sensor. The controller is used to control the driving mechanism to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate according to the fluctuation of the tidal water flow rate, thereby adjusting the flow rate, flow rate and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel.

[0008] According to a tidal power station provided by the present invention, the adjustment device also includes two guide mechanisms, which are respectively arranged at the top of the first slot and the second slot, each guide mechanism includes a support frame and a plurality of guide wheels, and the support frames of the two guide mechanisms are respectively arranged on the first base body and the second base body, and the plurality of guide wheels are all close to the arc-shaped adjustment plate.

[0009] According to a tidal power plant provided by the present invention, the energy storage device includes a transient energy storage unit and a steady-state energy storage unit, the input end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output end of the power generation device, the first output end of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, the second output end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the input end of the steady-state energy storage unit, the output end of the steady-state energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, and the inverter device is used to connect to the grid-connected bus; The transient energy storage unit is arranged close to the power generation device, and the steady-state energy storage unit is arranged close to the grid-connected bus; the transient energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device and output it to the outside for grid connection; the steady-state energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit is greater than a preset value.

[0010] A tidal power plant provided by the present invention further includes an environmental sensor, a positioning sensor and a grid-connected control terminal; the environmental sensor, the positioning sensor and the energy storage device are all connected to the grid-connected control terminal; Environmental sensors are used to collect environmental data about the environment in which the power station is located; The positioning sensor is used to collect the geographical coordinate data of the location of the power station; The grid-connected control terminal is used to predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device based on environmental data and geographic coordinate data, and control the energy storage device to perform power distribution tasks, wherein the power fluctuation curve is a curve of the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device changing with time.

[0011] According to a tidal power plant provided by the present invention, the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device through the prediction model.

[0012] According to a tidal power plant provided by the present invention, the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used for: when the electric energy fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing section and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is insufficient, according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, controlling the electric energy output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus.

[0013] According to a tidal power plant provided by the present invention, the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: output the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, and when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range, control the transient energy storage unit to output the electric energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at a target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate corresponding to the preset fluctuation range for the steady-state energy storage unit to make the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range under the current remaining power.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power generation method of a tidal power plant, which is applied to the tidal power plant of the first aspect, and the method comprises: The regulating device adjusts the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel according to the fluctuation of the tidal water flow velocity; The power generation device generates electricity under the action of tidal water in the diversion channel and outputs electrical energy; The energy storage device stores the electric energy output by the power generation device and outputs it to the outside and connects to the grid.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following technical effects: The present invention provides a tidal power station and a power generation method thereof. When generating electricity based on tidal power, a power generation device is arranged in a diversion channel between a first infrastructure body and a second infrastructure body, so that the tide is diverted to the power generation device in an orderly manner when it rises and falls to generate electricity, thereby reducing the fluctuation effect of tidal turbulence on the power generation device; the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tide allowed to pass through the diversion channel are adjusted by a regulating device based on the fluctuation amount of the tide flow velocity, thereby reducing the fluctuation effect of the tide fluctuation on the output power of the power generation device; at the same time, an energy storage device is arranged, and the power output of the power generation device is stored through the energy storage device, and the power is output to the outside and connected to the grid, effectively buffering the fluctuation of the power output of the power generation device, and realizing the flexible grid connection of the power output of the power station. The present invention reduces the power generation fluctuation of the power generation device under tidal power from multiple dimensions, stabilizes the power output to the power grid, and effectively improves the stability of the overall operation of the tidal power station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] In the attached picture: Figure 1 The top view of the layout of the tidal power station of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of the power generation device, energy storage device and inverter device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a logical schematic diagram of the whole process of implementing the grid connection of the power station based on tidal power of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for generating electricity in a tidal power station.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-first infrastructure body, 2-second infrastructure body, 3-diversion channel, 4-power generation device, 5-adjustment device, 6-energy storage device, 7-third infrastructure body, 8-fourth infrastructure body; 11-first slot, 12-second slot; 51-gantry, 52-arc adjustment plate, 53-driving mechanism, 54-wire rope, 55, 56-guide mechanism, 57-guide wheel, 58-support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a tidal power station, comprising a first infrastructure 1, a second infrastructure 2, a power generation device 4, a regulating device 5 and an energy storage device 6. In the embodiment of the present invention, the tidal power is the power generated by tidal energy or tidal current energy.

[0022] The first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2 are arranged opposite to each other to form a diversion channel 3 for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2; the power generation device 4 is arranged in the diversion channel 3, and is used to generate electricity under the action of the tidal water in the diversion channel 3 and output electric energy; the regulating device 5 is used to adjust the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 according to the fluctuation amount of the tidal water flow velocity, so as to reduce the fluctuation of the output electric energy of the power generation device 4 caused by the tidal water fluctuation. When the tidal water flow velocity fluctuates continuously with the tidal cycle, when the flow velocity is fast, the impact force is strong, and the output power of the power generation device 4 is large; when the flow velocity is slow, the opposite is true, which makes the electric energy output unstable. The energy storage device 6 is connected to the power generation device 4, and is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device 4, and output it to the outside and connect it to the grid.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2 are constructed relative to each other to form a diversion channel 3 for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2. Figure 1 As shown in , the inlet and outlet of the diversion channel 3 can be constructed as an arc structure, and the inlet and outlet gradually narrow toward the middle of the diversion channel 3 to increase the tidal flow rate in the diversion channel 3 and improve the power generation efficiency. The top width of the diversion channel 3 is greater than the bottom width, and the trapezoidal structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom can provide better stability. In the marine environment, the diversion channel 3 needs to withstand the pressure of the tide, the impact of waves, and the siltation of silt and other external forces. The trapezoidal structure can better disperse these external forces and prevent the pressure on the wall of the diversion channel 3 from being concentrated, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the diversion channel 3; and when the tide enters the diversion channel 3, the wider opening at the top can provide a buffer space for the tide at the moment of entry, and the speed of the tide will naturally slow down, which is conducive to the power generation device 4 to more stably utilize tidal power for power generation.

[0024] When generating electricity based on tidal energy, the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2 can be dam bodies at the seaside, which are constructed based on earthwork, stone stacking or concrete pouring, for example, layered compaction and stacking according to engineering design requirements to form a solid dam body that can withstand the impact of waves and tides. When generating electricity based on tidal energy, the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2 can also be pile structures cast in the ocean. The piles are columnar structures that penetrate deep into the seabed strata. They can be formed by drilling holes in the ocean and then pouring concrete and other materials. The pile structures can be fixed in position in the marine environment to form a stable diversion channel 3. When facing a complex marine environment, the piles can be firmly rooted in the seabed to ensure that the position of the infrastructure does not shift.

[0025] The power generation device 4 can be a tidal power generation unit or a tidal current power generation unit, and it can output electric energy based on tidal power, and there is no specific limitation here. The power generation device 4 is installed in the diversion channel 3, and the power generation device 4 is used to generate electricity under the action of the tide in the diversion channel 3 and output electric energy. When the tide is high, the tide rushes into the diversion channel 3, impacts the blades of the power generation device 4, drives the blades to rotate and generate electric energy; when the tide is low, the tidal backflow also drives the power generation device 4 to work. The generated electric energy is output to the outside after being processed by transformer, rectification, etc.

[0026] In practical applications, tidal water often carries a large amount of silt, which will directly enter the diversion channel 3 with the tide, and the accumulation of silt will affect the normal operation of the power station. Based on this, the power station also includes a third infrastructure 7 and / or a fourth infrastructure 8; the third infrastructure 7 is arranged at the entrance of the diversion channel 3, and the fourth infrastructure 8 is arranged at the exit of the diversion channel, and the third infrastructure and the fourth infrastructure are both terraced structures.

[0027] Specifically, in some embodiments, the third infrastructure 7 is constructed at the entrance of the diversion channel 3; the fourth infrastructure 8 is constructed at the exit of the diversion channel 3, and the third infrastructure 7 and the fourth infrastructure 8 are both terraced structures, that is, step structures with decreasing levels are constructed at the entrance and exit of the diversion channel 3. The infrastructure with terraced structure can reduce the accumulation of silt in the diversion channel 3. When the tide is high, the tide carries silt to the diversion channel 3. The third infrastructure 7 at the entrance plays a role first, and its step structure reduces the speed of the tide, lengthens the water flow path, and the silt begins to settle under the action of gravity due to the slowing flow rate, and part of the silt is intercepted here. Similarly, when the tide is low, the fourth infrastructure 8 can reduce the sediment deposition in the diversion channel 3. Of course, in actual application, only the third infrastructure 7, only the fourth infrastructure 8, or the third infrastructure 7 and the fourth infrastructure 8 can be constructed according to specific needs.

[0028] In some embodiments, the regulating device 5 may include an electric gate or a hydraulic gate installed on the first infrastructure body 1 and / or the second infrastructure body 2. When the electric gate or the hydraulic gate falls, the flow rate of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 can be reduced, and excessive tidal water influx can be restricted to prevent the power generation device 4 from over-speeding and causing excessive output power; conversely, when the flow rate decreases, the flow rate of the tidal water is increased to ensure sufficient tidal water to drive power generation. Through this dynamic regulation, the tidal water flow entering the diversion channel 3 is relatively stable, thereby reducing the output power fluctuation of the power generation device 4 caused by the change in the tidal water flow rate, and ensuring a stable power supply.

[0029] Specifically, the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity can be obtained in real time based on the flow velocity sensor installed in the diversion channel 3. Of course, multiple flow velocity sensors can also be installed at the entrance and inside of the diversion channel 3 to determine the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity. For example, based on multiple data obtained by multiple flow velocity sensors, a three-dimensional flow velocity field model is constructed to analyze the spatial distribution, and a time series analysis is performed using a statistical method to obtain an accurate fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity. Data cleaning can also be performed based on the acquired data to obtain the accurate fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity in the diversion channel 3. The fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity can be characterized as a fluctuation curve, that is, a curve showing the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity corresponding to the acquisition time.

[0030] Furthermore, the regulating device 5 can establish a corresponding relationship based on different fluctuation amounts and the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3, and determine the corresponding flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water currently allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 in the corresponding relationship based on the current fluctuation amount of the tidal water flow velocity, and adjust the diversion channel 3 based on the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water currently allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 to reduce the fluctuation of the electrical energy output by the power generation device 4.

[0031] If the adjustment of the adjustment device 5 is too frequent, its service life will be affected and the flow velocity fluctuation may be increased. Based on this, a fluctuation threshold of the tidal flow velocity can also be set. When the fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation threshold, the adjustment device 5 is started to make adjustments. Furthermore, after detecting that the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity exceeds the fluctuation threshold, the adjustment is not made immediately, and a delay time is set. During the delay time, if the fluctuation returns to within the fluctuation threshold, no adjustment is made; otherwise, the adjustment is made.

[0032] For example, see Figure 2 , Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating device 5, the regulating device 5 comprises a gantry 51, an arc-shaped regulating plate 52, a driving mechanism 53, a flow rate sensor and a controller. A first slot 11 is provided on the first infrastructure body 1, a second slot 12 is provided on the second infrastructure body 2, the driving mechanism 53 is installed on the gantry 51, the driving mechanism 53 is connected to the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 through a steel wire rope 54, so that the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 is hoisted above the guide channel 3, and the driving mechanism 53 and the flow rate sensor are both connected to the controller.

[0033] The gantry 51 may be a steel structure, and the gantry 51 is installed on the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2 to be erected above the diversion channel 3. The gantry 51 is the support frame of the entire regulating device 5, and the use of a steel structure can ensure that it has sufficient strength and stability to withstand various external forces faced in the marine environment, such as the impact of tidal currents, the blowing force of sea breeze, etc. The gantry 51 provides an installation foundation and working space for components such as the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 and the driving mechanism 53, so that the regulating device 5 can play a role in controlling the tidal flow and flow velocity in the diversion channel 3.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The direction of the middle arrow is the direction of the tide flow during high tide. The convex direction of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is opposite to the direction of the tide flow, so that it has better strength when in use. The arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 can be made by pouring concrete or welding steel plates. Figure 1 In the horizontal direction shown, one end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is installed in the first slot 11 of the first base body 1 , and the other end is installed in the second slot 12 of the second base body 2 . The arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is hoisted above the guide channel 3 by a steel wire rope 54 .

[0035] The driving mechanism 53 is connected to the steel wire rope 54, and the driving mechanism 53 adjusts the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 through the steel wire rope 54. The driving mechanism 53 may be composed of a motor and a winding roller, and is installed on the top of the gantry 51. The motor is used to drive the winding roller to rotate, and the winding roller is used to wind the steel wire rope 54. The length of the steel wire rope 54 is retracted and released through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52.

[0036] The flow velocity sensor can be installed in the diversion channel 3. The flow velocity sensor is used to collect the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity and output the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity to the controller; the controller is used to control the driving mechanism 53 to adjust the hoisting height of the arc adjustment plate 52 according to the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity, so as to adjust the flow, velocity and direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3, that is, to control the driving mechanism 53 to perform the adjustment task of the hoisting height based on the fluctuation. The flow velocity sensor can sense the change of the tidal flow velocity, and convert the collected fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity into an electrical signal for external output, providing an accurate judgment basis for the controller. The position of the regulating device 5 can be set based on actual needs. For example, when generating electricity in one direction based on tidal power, it can be set at the entrance position of the diversion channel 3; when generating electricity in two directions based on tidal power, it can be set at the entrance position and exit position of the diversion channel 3.

[0037] When implementing the height adjustment of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52, the controller receives the fluctuation amount output by the flow velocity sensor, performs rapid calculation and judgment according to the preset algorithm and control strategy, and then sends corresponding control instructions to the drive mechanism 53, directing the drive mechanism 53 to execute the adjustment of the lifting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52. Through this closed-loop control method, the flow rate, flow rate and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time changes in the tidal water flow rate, effectively reducing the fluctuation of the output power of the power generation device 4 caused by the large fluctuation of the tidal water flow rate, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of the operation of the power station.

[0038] It should be noted that the structure of the above-mentioned adjustment device 5 is only used as an implementation example, and it can be optimized based on the actual needs of the power station. For example, since the arc adjustment plate 52 is hoisted by the wire rope 54 for a long time, the wire rope 54 is in a stress state for a long time, which may affect the service life of the wire rope 54. Based on this, a card slot can be opened on both sides of the arc adjustment plate 52 in the height direction. The card slot is a groove structure, and its shape and size need to be designed according to the components such as the pads actually used. The purpose of opening the card slot is to provide a suitable accommodation space for the subsequent placement of the pad, so that the pad can be stably embedded therein, and the position of the card slot must ensure that the arc adjustment plate 52 reaches the required adjustment height. When the adjustment is stopped, the pad can play an effective supporting role. When the arc adjustment plate 52 is adjusted to a suitable height and no longer needs to be changed, that is, when it is in a relatively static state, a pad can be placed in the card slot. The pad is usually a block-shaped object with a certain strength and a shape that fits the card slot, such as a rectangular pad made of wood or metal. After these pads are embedded in the slots, their bottoms are in contact with the corresponding infrastructure or other supporting structures, and their tops are against the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52, thereby sharing the supporting force that was originally borne entirely by the wire rope 54, so that the wire rope 54 does not need to continuously suspend the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 for a long time, which alleviates the stress condition of the wire rope 54 and extends the service life of the wire rope 54. At the same time, it can also more stably fix the position of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52, reduce the possibility of its displacement due to external forces and other factors, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the adjustment device 5.

[0039] In the application of power plants, the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 usually has a large width, which may cause problems such as jamming when adjusting the lifting height. Based on this, in some embodiments, the adjustment device 5 also includes two guide mechanisms 55 and 56, which are respectively arranged at the top of the first slot 11 and the second slot 12, each guide mechanism 55 and 56 includes a support frame 58 and a plurality of guide wheels 57, and the support frames 58 of the two guide mechanisms 55 and 56 are respectively arranged on the first infrastructure body 1 and the second infrastructure body 2, and the plurality of guide wheels 57 are all in close contact with the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52. Figure 2 In the figure, the guide mechanism 55 is constructed on the first base body 1, and the guide mechanism 56 is constructed on the second base body 2; the two guide mechanisms 55 and 56 are mirror-set based on the center line of the length direction of the guide channel 3, the guide mechanism 55 is set at the top of the first slot 11, and the guide mechanism 56 is set at the top of the second slot 12.

[0040] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide mechanism 55, 56, a plurality of guide wheels 57 are mounted on the support frame 58, and the plurality of guide wheels 57 are all in close contact with the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52. When the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is lifted or subjected to external force, the guide wheel 57 can roll on the side of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 to guide and limit its movement direction. It can be understood that the two guide mechanisms 55, 56 can guide both arc-shaped side surfaces of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52, thereby improving the reliability of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 in implementing height adjustment.

[0041] Exemplarily, the energy storage device 6 includes a transient energy storage unit and a steady-state energy storage unit, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the power generation device and the energy storage device. The transient energy storage unit can be an energy storage unit composed of multiple supercapacitors, each supercapacitor alternately charges and discharges energy; it can also be a flywheel energy storage device; of course, it can also be an energy storage unit composed of multiple supercapacitors and flywheel energy storage devices. The transient energy storage unit is arranged close to the power generation device 4, and the transient energy storage unit can be arranged on the first infrastructure body 1 or the second infrastructure body 2. The input end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output end of the power generation device 4, and the first output end of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, and the inverter device is used to connect to the grid-connected bus. The transient energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device 4 and output it to the outside for grid connection. Figure 4 As shown in , the first output end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the grid-connected busbars U, V, and W via an inverter device, and the inverter device is used to convert direct current into three-phase alternating current and implement external grid connection. It can be understood that during tidal power generation, the electric energy output by the power generation device 4 will fluctuate rapidly with the instantaneous change of the tidal flow rate. Placing the transient energy storage unit close to the power generation device 4 can quickly respond to these instantaneous fluctuations at the source of the electric energy generation. For example, during high tide or low tide, the tidal flow rate may change dramatically in a short period of time, causing the output power of the power generation device 4 to increase or decrease instantly, and the transient energy storage unit can respond to these changes in time and implement energy storage.

[0042] Taking the transient energy storage unit configured as a supercapacitor as an example, the response time of the supercapacitor is within 10 milliseconds (ms), which can handle high-frequency fluctuations or instantaneous power mutations in the power output of the power generation device 4. The short-term high-frequency fluctuations of the power generation under tidal power usually have the characteristics of an amplitude of ±5%~10% of the rated power and a frequency of 0.1Hz~5 Hz. If the energy storage response device is far away from the power generation device 4 (such as a cable length > 500 meters), the signal transmission and power adjustment may produce a delay of about 5~10ms, which is equivalent to the response time of the supercapacitor, which will significantly weaken its instantaneous regulation effect. Therefore, placing the supercapacitor near the power generation device 4 can ensure that the power fluctuation is suppressed at the source and avoid the power generation fluctuation being transmitted to subsequent equipment to cause a chain reaction.

[0043] It should be further explained that the transmission process of high-frequency fluctuating power is prone to additional losses, especially in long-distance transmission lines. According to the transmission loss formula, assuming that the output power of the power generation device 4 is 5 MW (megawatt), the fluctuation range is ±10% (i.e. ±500 kW), the line resistance R=0.05Ω (ohm), and the transmission distance is 500 meters, the power loss caused by the fluctuating power is about 12.5 kW. If the supercapacitor is arranged close to the power generation device 4, the fluctuating power can be directly suppressed at the power generation end, avoiding this part of the additional loss. At the same time, the power generation device 4 needs to continuously adjust the power generation to cope with fluctuations. Long-term high-frequency regulation may cause equipment fatigue and reduce mechanical life. The supercapacitor is arranged near the power generation device 4, which can absorb the frequent fluctuating instantaneous power changes and reduce the mechanical wear of the unit and the control system load. Taking a tidal power generator with a rated power of 5 MW as an example, after the fluctuation frequency drops from 1 Hz to 0.5 Hz, the mechanical loss can be reduced by 15%~20%. Therefore, the supercapacitor is arranged close to the power generation end, the signal feedback path is shortened, and the power regulation accuracy is significantly improved.

[0044] The steady-state energy storage unit can be an energy storage unit composed of liquid flow batteries. The steady-state energy storage unit is arranged close to the grid-connected busbar. The input end of the steady-state energy storage unit is connected to the second output end of the transient energy storage unit. The output end of the steady-state energy storage unit is used to connect the inverter. The steady-state energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit is greater than the preset value. The response time of liquid flow batteries is usually tens of seconds to minutes, which is more suitable for handling medium-frequency or periodic fluctuations of power generation (duration ranges from 30 seconds to several minutes). After being arranged close to the grid-connected busbar, the liquid flow battery can directly smoothly adjust the grid-connected power. For example, if the power generation power fluctuates periodically within 10 minutes (the amplitude is ±10% of the rated power, ±500 kW under the 5 MW system), the liquid flow battery only needs to provide a capacity of about 500 kWh to complete the adjustment to avoid the impact on the grid frequency. In addition, the inverter needs to quickly adjust the output power to match the grid load demand. The liquid flow battery is arranged close to the inverter and can directly cooperate with the inverter to complete dynamic power regulation. According to the requirements of tidal energy flexible grid connection, the shorter the power regulation path length of the energy storage device 6, the faster the response speed. Assuming that the liquid flow battery is arranged near the inverter, the power regulation path is shortened to less than 100 meters, and the delay can be reduced to less than 10ms, which is much better than the traditional centralized energy storage arrangement (the delay can reach hundreds of milliseconds).

[0045] It is understandable that tidal power generation has a periodic fluctuation characteristic of 6 to 12 hours. Liquid flow batteries, with their independent design characteristics of capacity and power, can achieve large-scale energy storage by adding liquid storage tanks to meet the smoothing needs of tidal periodic fluctuations. Tidal power generation may frequently experience power fluctuations (such as random ocean current disturbances). Liquid flow batteries have a high cycle life and stable charging and discharging, and can adapt to high-frequency power regulation. They will not degrade rapidly due to frequent use like lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries. Tidal power stations are often located in marine environments. The water-based electrolyte design of liquid flow batteries makes them excellent in safety and not prone to thermal runaway or explosion. In contrast, lithium batteries have poor reliability in high humidity and high salt environments, and lead-acid batteries may also have a shortened life due to corrosive environments. Therefore, liquid flow batteries are more suitable as steady-state energy storage units.

[0046] Since tidal power is periodic and unstable, the electric energy output by the power generation device 4 fluctuates accordingly. After the energy storage device 6 is connected to the power generation device 4, during the peak power generation period, such as when the power generation device 4 outputs a large power during high tide, the energy storage device 6 stores the excess electric energy to avoid wasting electric energy and impacting the power grid. When the tide is at low tide or the power generation power is reduced at low tide, the energy storage device 6 releases electric energy to supplement the insufficient power supply, ensure the continuity and stability of the external output of electric energy, and meet the electricity demand. In terms of grid connection, the energy storage device 6 converts the stored or regulated electric energy into a form that meets the grid standards, connects to the external grid, realizes the integration and effective allocation of electric power resources, and improves the reliability and adaptability of the tidal power station in the power system.

[0047] It should be noted that the output end of the power generation device 4 is connected to the energy storage device 6, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the energy storage device 6 through corresponding circuit control. Different energy storage forms of the energy storage device 6 have their own charging characteristics and electric energy storage principles. Taking battery energy storage as an example, electric energy will be stored in the form of chemical energy between the electrode material and the electrolyte inside the battery, and the storage of electric energy is achieved through electrochemical reactions. The ultimate goal of the power station is to transmit electric energy to the external power grid for the use of the majority of users and to achieve effective use of electric energy. By controlling the external output of the energy storage device 6 and connecting it to the grid, the fluctuation of the electric energy output by the power generation device 4 can be secondary adjusted, so that the electric energy finally transmitted to the power grid is more stable and meets the access requirements of the power grid, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power grid.

[0048] When flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors are combined as transient energy storage units, flywheel energy storage can be started based on actual needs. For example, when the output power of the power generation device 4 fluctuates greatly and the duration is greater than a preset time threshold, part of the electrical energy is allocated to the flywheel energy storage.

[0049] Flywheel energy storage has the characteristics of relatively high energy density and is suitable for storing a large amount of electrical energy. When the output power of the power generation device 4 fluctuates greatly and lasts for a long time, a device that can store electrical energy for a long time is needed to alleviate the pressure of power fluctuations on the power grid. Compared with other energy storage methods, flywheel energy storage stores kinetic energy through a high-speed rotating flywheel, and its energy storage process is relatively stable and can withstand large energy input and output. For example, when the tide is in a long-term extremely fast tide or ebb stage, the output power of the power generation device 4 continues to deviate from the normal range. Storing part of the electrical energy in the flywheel energy storage can effectively utilize its large capacity characteristics and reduce the direct impact of power generation fluctuations on the power grid. The configuration of electrical energy can be achieved through an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system monitors the output power and duration of the power generation device 4 in real time. When it is detected that the output power fluctuates greatly and the duration is greater than the preset time threshold, the intelligent control system will automatically adjust the circuit connection and guide part of the electrical energy to the flywheel energy storage device. The specific configuration ratio can be determined based on factors such as the capacity of the flywheel energy storage, the current energy storage state, the load of the power grid, and the degree of power fluctuation of the power generation device 4 to balance the power fluctuation.

[0050] When flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors are combined as transient energy storage units, supercapacitor energy storage is preferred for high-frequency, low-power fluctuations. Due to the high power density of supercapacitors, they can quickly respond to high-frequency charging and discharging needs. Their response time can reach milliseconds or even faster. When faced with instantaneous power changes, they can quickly absorb or release electrical energy and stabilize output power. For low-frequency, high-power fluctuations, flywheel energy storage can be relied on. Flywheel energy storage has a relatively high energy density. Although its response speed is slower than that of supercapacitors, it can store a large amount of energy under long-term, high-power fluctuations.

[0051] When working together, the total energy storage regulation power is set to P total , the regulating power borne by the supercapacitor is P1, and the regulating power borne by the flywheel energy storage is P2. Then P total =P1+P2. In order to achieve the best regulation effect, the allocation of P1 and P2 can be dynamically adjusted according to the power response characteristics and current status of the two. In the initial energy storage stage, the initial values ​​of P1 and P2 are determined according to the frequency and amplitude of the power fluctuation of the power generation device according to the above power allocation strategy. As the regulation process proceeds, the voltage change Δ1 of the supercapacitor and the speed change Δ2 of the flywheel energy storage are monitored in real time. If Δ1 changes too fast, it means that the power borne by the supercapacitor is too large, and P2 needs to be appropriately increased and P1 needs to be reduced; conversely, if Δ2 drops too fast, the ratio of P1 and P2 needs to be adjusted to allow the supercapacitor to bear more regulation power.

[0052] In practical applications, due to the large number of factors affecting tidal power, if the corresponding distribution strategy is implemented in real time based on the electric energy output by the power generation device 4, there will be a lag, and the power station cannot be prepared in advance to deal with power fluctuations. It is difficult to give full play to the maximum efficiency of the energy storage device 6 for stable electric energy output, which may lead to waste of electric energy or inability to effectively guarantee continuous and stable power supply in complex environments.

[0053] Based on this, in some embodiments, the power station also includes an environmental sensor, a positioning sensor and a grid-connected control terminal, and the environmental sensor, the positioning sensor and the energy storage device are all connected to the grid-connected control terminal. The environmental sensor is used to collect environmental data of the environment in which the power station is located. The environmental sensor can monitor seawater temperature, wave height, wind direction, wind speed, etc., and can also include a variety of environmental data such as tidal height, tidal flow rate, tidal energy intensity, etc., which can be integrated by multiple corresponding sensors. The environmental sensor collects these environmental data in real time through corresponding detection and sensing elements, and converts them into electrical signals and other forms for external output, providing basic information for subsequent analysis and decision-making. The environmental data can be the historical data of the power station in a preset period of time, and the environmental data is related to the rise and fall of the tide. Similarly, the tidal rise and fall characteristics of the power station can be determined based on the geographic coordinate data.

[0054] Positioning sensors are used to collect and output the geographic coordinate data of the power station. Positioning sensors, such as positioning modules based on global satellite navigation systems (such as GPS, Beidou, etc.), can accurately determine the longitude, latitude, altitude and other geographic information of the power station on the earth, and output these geographic coordinate data in a certain format.

[0055] To further improve the accuracy of environmental data and geographic coordinate data, wavelet transform and low-pass filter can be combined to remove high-frequency noise in the data, and Kalman filter can be used to smooth data fluctuations to improve the accuracy of the acquired data. For missing data, linear interpolation, spline interpolation and Lagrange interpolation are used to supplement them to adapt to the fluctuation characteristics in different scenarios and ensure the continuity and integrity of the data. The time series analysis method is used to preprocess the environmental data to solve the nonlinear and non-stationary problems of environmental data on the time axis. Finally, the key features of the data are extracted through spectral analysis and statistical analysis methods, including periodic change laws, fluctuation amplitude range, and possible sudden anomalies, such as tidal surges or plunges, to provide data support for the establishment and prediction of subsequent models.

[0056] The grid-connected control terminal is used to predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4 according to the environmental data and the geographic coordinate data, and then control the energy storage device 6 to perform the power distribution task according to the power fluctuation curve, wherein the power fluctuation curve is a curve of the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device 4 changing with time. The grid-connected control terminal receives the environmental data from the environmental sensor and the geographic coordinate data from the positioning sensor, and then performs a comprehensive analysis and processing on these data according to specific algorithms and models. By analyzing the environmental characteristics and geographical location of the power station, the grid-connected control terminal can predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4, that is, it can know in advance the approximate changes in the output power of the power generation device 4 in different time periods in the future, and then control the energy storage device 6 to perform the power distribution task based on this prediction result, and reasonably allocate the storage and release of electric energy to ensure the stability of the power output of the power station and the stability of the grid connection with the external power grid.

[0057] In some embodiments, the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4 through the prediction model.

[0058] Specifically, the prediction model can be constructed based on actual needs. For example, an empirical model of tidal cycle law can be established through mathematical modeling. This empirical model mainly relies on natural periodic characteristics such as semi-diurnal tides and diurnal tides, and describes its long-term trend through tools such as sine functions. The formula is:

[0059] in, is the tidal height, is the average water level, is the amplitude, is the periodic angular frequency, The above empirical model is simple to calculate and is suitable for describing the basic change trend of power generation.

[0060] In view of the complexity and uncertainty of short-term fluctuations in tidal power, deep learning algorithms such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and Transformer are used to establish a time series prediction model. The long short-term memory network can capture the time-dependent characteristics of data and is suitable for processing data with periodic and sudden fluctuations; and the Transformer model, due to its self-attention mechanism, can effectively process data with a long time span and improve the accuracy of short-term predictions. The empirical model and the machine learning model are weighted and fused to form a hybrid structure prediction model. Combining the advantages of both, the real-time and accuracy of the prediction are further improved. The performance of the prediction model is verified by measured data. The cross-validation method is used to divide the data into a training set and a validation set for verification in turn, so as to optimize the parameters of the prediction model and enable it to have the ability to generalize and adapt in different tidal scenarios.

[0061] For example, the instantaneous power of tidal power generation Water flow rate , water temperature , wind speed , ocean current strength , Terrain influence coefficient The prediction model of the embodiment of the present invention is based on the above parameters as the analysis object, and uses them as correction factors to build the prediction model. It can be understood that the relationship between the above parameters and the power generation can be determined by experimental formulas, historical data or theoretical analysis. Therefore, the instantaneous power output of the power generation device 4 at time t is It is expressed as the following formula:

[0062] in, is the inherent power generation efficiency of the power generation device 4 (dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1), which can be obtained based on the calibration nameplate of the power generation device 4; is the water density (unit: ); is the rotor cross-sectional area of ​​the power generation device 4 (unit: ); is the water velocity of the tide at time t (unit: ); is the water temperature at time t (unit: °C); is the wind speed at time t; is the ocean current strength at time t; This prediction model comprehensively considers the influence of water temperature, wind speed, ocean current intensity and terrain, and can make the predicted instantaneous power More accurate.

[0063] The specific form of the correction factor is:

[0064]

[0065] in, is the water temperature at the current time t and the standard water temperature (usually ) deviation; is the sensitivity coefficient of water temperature, wind speed and ocean current strength; It is the terrain influencing factor and is estimated based on the on-site terrain influence.

[0066] Water density The temperature change can be expressed by the empirical formula:

[0067] in, is the standard water density, which can be approximated as ; is the thermal expansion coefficient of water, which can be taken Make an approximate analysis.

[0068] Water flow velocity at time t It can be approximately expressed by the tidal dynamics model as:

[0069] in, is the average tidal velocity, which can be obtained by retrieving the hydrological data of the area where the power station is located; The tidal cycle.

[0070] The strength of the ocean current at time t The relationship between flow rate and shear rate can be expressed as:

[0071] in, The baseline ocean current strength can be obtained by retrieving the hydrological data file of the area where the power station is located; is the attenuation factor, which can be selected according to actual conditions; is the critical flow rate.

[0072] The sensitivity coefficient is determined by data regression or experiment and quantified as:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] in, The power deviation caused by changes in water temperature, wind speed, and ocean current intensity can be obtained based on experimental simulation; is the benchmark power generation; is the water temperature deviation; is the average wind speed; is the average ocean current strength.

[0076] Terrain influence coefficient It is obtained through terrain simulation or historical data regression and is expressed as:

[0077] in, is the terrain influence factor, which can be obtained through experimental calibration; is the effective water depth, which can be obtained through survey; is the maximum water depth, which can be obtained through survey.

[0078] Power instantaneous rate of change is the derivative of power with respect to time, and the formula is:

[0079] Flow rate change rate According to the tidal dynamics formula:

[0080] Partial derivative of the correction factor with respect to time for:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] in, are the rates of change of water temperature, wind speed and ocean current intensity respectively.

[0084] When implementing the power prediction of the power generation device 4 based on the prediction model, parameter calibration is first performed, and k is calibrated through experiments. T , k W , k C , G and other parameters; then collect data to monitor water temperature, flow rate, wind speed and ocean current intensity in real time; further implement prediction model correction and adjust parameters according to the deviation between real-time data and model prediction results.

[0085] The output power of the power generation device 4 is predicted based on the calibrated prediction model. Specifically, the environmental data and geographic coordinate data are input into the calibrated prediction model. The output power of the power generation device 4 can be obtained based on the output result of the prediction model. The power fluctuation amount is obtained based on the difference in output power between adjacent acquisition periods. The electric energy fluctuation curve is fitted based on all the power fluctuation amounts. The corresponding changes in the output power of the power station when the environment changes subsequently can be determined through the electric energy fluctuation curve.

[0086] Specifically, the electric energy fluctuation curve shows the power fluctuation amplitude of the power generation device 4 at different time points. The curve is obtained by comprehensively considering the periodic changes of the tides and the influence of environmental factors (such as wind and waves, sea water temperature, etc.) on the power generation device 4. In the process of stable tides, the output power of the power generation device 4 tends to be stable; while in the case of large rises and falls of tides, the output power of the power generation device 4 fluctuates greatly. By analyzing this curve, it is possible to predict in advance how the output power of the power generation device 4 will change in the future, and determine whether the fluctuation amplitude can be fully responded to and processed by the energy storage device 6 at the current power level. When it is predicted according to the electric energy fluctuation curve that the output power of the power generation device 4 is about to increase significantly, and may exceed the range that the power grid can stably receive or exceed the power demand, the energy storage device 6 needs to discharge and reserve sufficient space for preparation.

[0087] Exemplarily, the grid-connected control terminal controls the energy storage device 6 to perform the power distribution task according to the power fluctuation curve, specifically including: Determine whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is sufficient when the electric energy fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing section; The monotonically increasing segment refers to a curve segment in which the power fluctuation value increases correspondingly as the power generation time increases, indicating that the power station has large fluctuations in this time period. If the energy storage device 6 can accommodate a small amount of electrical energy, the energy storage device 6 or the power generation device 4 may be damaged.

[0088] The energy storage device 6 plays a key role in buffering and regulating electric energy in the entire power station. When in the monotonically increasing section of the electric energy fluctuation curve, if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is insufficient, a series of problems may be faced. On the one hand, it is impossible to effectively store the excess electric energy generated by the rapid increase of the power generation device 4, and the excess electric energy may flow back to the power generation device 4, causing damage to the electrical components, mechanical components, etc. inside the power generation device 4, affecting its service life and normal operation; on the other hand, it may also be impossible to reasonably distribute the electric energy for storage or transmit it to the grid-connected bus in time, resulting in an overload of electric energy in the entire system, causing damage to the energy storage device 6 itself, such as battery overheating, overload protection device activation, etc., thereby affecting its subsequent energy storage and discharge functions. Therefore, it is necessary to judge in advance whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is sufficient so as to take corresponding countermeasures.

[0089] If not, the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit is controlled to be output to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus.

[0090] Specifically, the grid-connected bus connects the power station to the external power grid, and has strict requirements on the quality and stability of electric energy, and a reasonable fluctuation range is preset. This range is set based on factors such as the grid's bearing capacity and the stable operation requirements of electrical equipment, aiming to ensure that the power, voltage, frequency and other parameters of the electric energy connected to the grid fluctuate within a certain stable range to avoid adverse effects on the grid and electrical equipment. For example, the preset fluctuation range stipulates that the power fluctuation amplitude cannot exceed a certain percentage, which can ensure the stable operation of transformers, transmission lines and various power terminals in the grid.

[0091] When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is insufficient, it is necessary to reasonably regulate the electric energy output of the transient energy storage unit. According to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit is output to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus. If the transient energy storage unit outputs electric energy to the steady-state energy storage unit, the stability of the energy storage can be further increased, allowing the steady-state energy storage unit to share part of the electric energy storage task, and prepare for the subsequent possible power reduction; at the same time, when the electric energy is output to the grid-connected bus, it is necessary to ensure that the output electric energy will not cause the electric energy parameters of the grid-connected bus to exceed the preset fluctuation range, so as to maintain the stability of the connection between the entire power station and the external power grid, realize the smooth transition and effective utilization of electric energy, and avoid system failures caused by rapid and substantial increases in electric energy. On the contrary, when the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is sufficient, the grid is connected based on the electric energy output by the power generation device 4, so that the power fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected bus is within the preset fluctuation range.

[0092] Furthermore, the grid-connected control terminal controls the output of electric energy from the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, specifically including: The first step is to output the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, and determine whether the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range. When the electric energy fluctuation curve of the power station is in a monotonically increasing section and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device 6 is insufficient, try to output the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, because the grid-connected bus is the key hub connecting the power station with the external power grid. Under normal circumstances, it should give priority to ensuring that the electric energy can be smoothly connected to the power grid and supplied to users. Directly outputting electric energy may cause the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus to exceed the preset fluctuation range, affecting the stability of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to timely judge the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus to determine the subsequent power allocation strategy.

[0093] In the second step, if yes, the transient energy storage unit is controlled to output electric energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at a target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate corresponding to the preset fluctuation range at which the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is less than or equal to that of the steady-state energy storage unit under the current remaining power.

[0094] Specifically, when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range, it means that only outputting the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus cannot meet the grid stability requirements. At this time, part of the electric energy needs to be transferred to the steady-state energy storage unit for storage. The target charging rate is calculated based on the current remaining power of the steady-state energy storage unit, with the aim of making the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range. When charging the steady-state energy storage unit, its current state of charge needs to be taken into account, because its ability to receive electric energy (i.e., charging rate) is different under different remaining power conditions. If the remaining power of the steady-state energy storage unit is low, a higher charging rate can be accepted; if the remaining power is high, an excessively high charging rate may cause the steady-state energy storage unit to overload or cause other safety problems. By accurately calculating the target charging rate, the power distribution can be effectively adjusted on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the steady-state energy storage unit, so that the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is restored to the normal range, thereby maintaining the balance and stability of power transmission between the entire power generation system and the external power grid.

[0095] The following is a general description of the entire process of implementing the grid connection of the power station according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The whole process logic diagram of the power station grid connection is as follows: S601. Generate electricity through tidal water in the diversion channel, and obtain geographic coordinate data and real-time environmental data of the power station.

[0096] S602: Input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into the prediction model.

[0097] S603: Obtain the electric energy fluctuation curve of the power generation device output by the prediction model.

[0098] S604: Determine whether the energy storage capacity is sufficient in the monotonically increasing section of the electric energy fluctuation curve.

[0099] S605: If yes, the transient energy storage unit is stored based on the electric energy output by the power station. After the transient energy storage unit completes the energy storage, it enters S609 to output and connect to the grid.

[0100] S606: If not, output the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus.

[0101] S607: Determine whether the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than a preset fluctuation range.

[0102] S608: If yes, the transient energy storage unit outputs electric energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at the target charging rate. After the steady-state energy storage unit completes energy storage, it enters S609 to output and connect to the grid.

[0103] S609: If not, control the energy storage device to output to the outside and connect to the grid.

[0104] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation method of a tidal power plant, which is applied to the tidal power plant of the aforementioned embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the method includes: Step S11, the regulating device 5 adjusts the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel 3 according to the fluctuation amount of the tidal water flow velocity; Step S12, the power generation device 4 generates electricity under the action of the tidal water in the diversion channel 3 and outputs electrical energy; Step S13: the energy storage device 6 stores the electric energy output by the power generation device 4, and outputs it to the outside and connects to the grid.

[0105] In summary, the present invention provides a tidal power station and a power generation method thereof. When generating electricity based on tidal power, a power generation device is arranged in a diversion channel between a first infrastructure body and a second infrastructure body, so that the tide is diverted to the power generation device in an orderly manner when it rises and falls to generate electricity, thereby reducing the fluctuation effect of tidal turbulence on the power generation device; the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tide allowed to pass through the diversion channel are adjusted by a regulating device based on the fluctuation amount of the tide flow velocity, thereby reducing the fluctuation effect of the tide fluctuation on the output power of the power generation device; at the same time, an energy storage device is arranged, and the power output of the power generation device is stored through the energy storage device, and the power is output and connected to the grid externally, effectively buffering the fluctuation of the power output of the power generation device, and realizing the flexible grid connection of the power output of the power station. The present invention reduces the power generation fluctuation of the power generation device under tidal power from multiple dimensions, so that the power output to the power grid is stable, thereby effectively improving the stability of the overall operation of the tidal power station.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the embodiments disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tidal power plant, characterized in that: include: The first infrastructure; A second infrastructure body is arranged opposite to the first infrastructure body to form a diversion channel for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body; A power generation device is arranged in the diversion channel, and is used to generate electricity under the action of tidal water in the diversion channel and output electric energy; A regulating device for adjusting the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel according to the fluctuation amount of the tidal water flow velocity; An energy storage device is connected to the power generation device, and is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device and output it to the outside and connect to the grid.

2. The tidal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A third infrastructure body is arranged at the entrance of the diversion channel, and / or A fourth infrastructure body is arranged at the outlet of the diversion channel; The third infrastructure body and the fourth infrastructure body are both terraced structures.

3. The tidal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first infrastructure body is provided with a first slot, and the second infrastructure body is provided with a second slot; The regulating device comprises: A gantry, installed on the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body, so as to be erected above the guide channel; An arc-shaped adjustment plate, one end of which is installed in the first slot, and the other end of which is installed in the second slot; A driving mechanism is installed on the gantry, and the driving mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped adjustment plate through a steel wire rope, so that the arc-shaped adjustment plate is hoisted on the guide channel; A flow velocity sensor, used for collecting the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity; A controller is connected to both the driving mechanism and the flow velocity sensor, and is used to control the driving mechanism to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate according to the fluctuation of the tidal water flow velocity, thereby adjusting the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel.

4. The tidal power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment device also includes two guide mechanisms, which are respectively arranged at the top of the first slot and the second slot, each guide mechanism includes a support frame and a plurality of guide wheels, the support frames of the two guide mechanisms are respectively arranged on the first infrastructure body and the second infrastructure body, and the plurality of guide wheels are all closely attached to the arc-shaped adjustment plate.

5. The tidal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises a transient energy storage unit and a steady-state energy storage unit, the input end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output end of the power generation device, the first output end of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to an inverter device, the second output end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the input end of the steady-state energy storage unit, the output end of the steady-state energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, and the inverter device is used to connect to a grid-connected busbar; The transient energy storage unit is arranged close to the power generation device, and the steady-state energy storage unit is arranged close to the grid-connected bus; the transient energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the power generation device and output it to the outside for grid connection; the steady-state energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit is greater than a preset value.

6. The tidal power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an environmental sensor, a positioning sensor and a grid-connected control terminal; the environmental sensor, the positioning sensor and the energy storage device are all connected to the grid-connected control terminal; The environmental sensor is used to collect environmental data of the environment in which the power station is located; The positioning sensor is used to collect geographic coordinate data of the location of the power station; The grid-connected control terminal is used to predict the electric energy fluctuation curve of the power generation device based on the environmental data and the geographic coordinate data, and control the energy storage device to perform the power distribution task, wherein the electric energy fluctuation curve is a curve of the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device changing with time.

7. The tidal power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input the environmental data and the geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the electric energy fluctuation curve of the power generation device through the prediction model.

8. The tidal power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: when the electric energy fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing section and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is insufficient, control the electric energy output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus.

9. The tidal power plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: output the electric energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, and when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range, control the transient energy storage unit to output electric energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at a target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate of the steady-state energy storage unit that makes the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range under the current remaining power.

10. A method for generating electricity in a tidal power station, characterized in that: Applied to a tidal power plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: The regulating device adjusts the flow rate, flow velocity and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the diversion channel according to the fluctuation of the tidal water flow velocity; The power generation device generates electricity under the action of tidal water in the diversion channel and outputs electrical energy; The energy storage device stores the electric energy output by the power generation device and outputs it to the outside and connects to the grid.

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