Water channel construction method and grass water channel

Abstract

The invention provides a grass waterway construction method and a grass waterway, and relates to the field of soil control. The grass water channel construction method comprises the following steps: determining geometric characteristics of a grass water channel constructed in a target site selection area according to topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area; based on the geometrical characteristics of the grass channel, constructing a geometrical structure of the grass channel in the target site selection area; arranging grass seeds corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area in the geometric structure of the grass water channel to complete the construction of the grass water channel. The grass water channel constructed by using the grass water channel construction method provided by the invention not only is favorable for conveying surface water, but also can reduce soil erosion, and is favorable for maintaining long-term agricultural productivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of soil protection, and in particular, to a grass waterway construction method and a grass waterway. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production activities, the concentrated flow of surface runoff has become a key factor in inducing soil erosion and water quality deterioration. Especially in areas with concentrated rainfall and strong surface runoff, the formation of gullies and soil erosion is particularly severe, posing a major threat to the stability of the land and the long-term sustainability of agricultural production. Among them, the formation of erosion gullies is particularly troublesome, which not only accelerates the rate of soil loss, but also seriously damages the natural structure of the land, thereby causing a significant decline in agricultural productivity.

[0003] To address the gully problem, in traditional agricultural production, open channel (ditch) drainage methods are often used, that is, digging ditches on the ground so that water can flow along the ditches to the predetermined discharge point, thereby achieving the purpose of drainage.

[0004] However, the traditional open channel (ditch) drainage method usually affects the passage of agricultural machinery, and the open channel (ditch) drainage method may cause ditch bank erosion due to the rapid water flow rate, ignoring ecological environmental protection and long-term stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a grass waterway construction method and a grass waterway, which comprehensively considers the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, determines the geometric features of constructing the grass waterway in the target site selection area; then selects grass seeds that match the ecological environment of the target site selection area and plants them on the geometric structure of the constructed grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway; it is not only beneficial to the transportation of surface water, but also can reduce soil erosion and help maintain the long-term productivity of agriculture.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a grass water channel, which includes: determining the geometric features for constructing a grass water channel in the target site selection area based on the terrain and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area; constructing the geometric structure of the grass water channel in the target site selection area based on the geometric features of the grass water channel; and setting grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area in the geometric structure of the grass water channel to complete the construction of the grass water channel.

[0007] In the above implementation process, the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application constructs adaptive grass waterway geometric features and structures by comprehensively considering the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, and lays grass species that are coordinated with the ecological environment, thereby completing the construction of the grass waterway efficiently and in an eco-friendly manner. The grass waterway structure constructed by the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application has a promoting effect on soil and water conservation, water quality improvement, ecological environment protection, and agricultural production.

[0008] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the geometric characteristics include the cross-sectional dimensions and capacity of the geometric structure of the grass water channel, and the hydrological conditions include the historical water flow of the target site selection area and the flow velocity corresponding to the historical water flow; the geometric characteristics of constructing the grass water channel in the target site selection area are determined according to the terrain conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, including: determining the cross-sectional dimensions based on multiple historical water flows and the flow velocities corresponding to the historical water flows in the target site selection area; and determining the capacity based on the historical water flow peak of the target site selection area within the target time period.

[0009] In the above-mentioned implementation process, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application scientifically determines the cross-sectional size and capacity of the grass water channel by comprehensively considering the historical water flow and corresponding flow velocity in the target site selection area, and reserves space for sediment accumulation, thereby effectively improving the rationality of the grass water channel design and the durability of the grass water channel structure.

[0010] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the geometric features include the shape of the geometric structure of the grass water channel, and the terrain conditions include the position characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland; the geometric features of constructing the grass water channel in the target site selection area are determined according to the terrain conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, including: determining the shape of the geometric structure of the grass water channel according to the position characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland; wherein the shape includes arc type and broken line type.

[0011] In the above implementation process, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application fully considers the location of the target site selection area in the farmland when designing the cross-section of the grass water channel. The site conditions and available construction equipment types at different locations will be different, so the cross-sectional shape of the grass water channel is determined according to local conditions, which is conducive to the efficient construction of a grass water channel that is highly matched and highly applicable to the target site selection area.

[0012] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area are planted in the geometric structure of the grass water channel to complete the construction of the grass water channel, including: determining the allowable flow rate of the grass water channel based on the geometric characteristics of the grass water channel and the ecological environment of the target site selection area; determining the grass species based on the allowable flow rate, and setting the grass species in the geometric structure of the grass water channel to complete the construction of the grass water channel.

[0013] In the above implementation process, turf can stabilize the soil and significantly reduce gully and rill erosion caused by concentrated water flow. The roots of grass penetrate deep into the soil, play a role in fixing the soil, effectively preventing soil displacement, thereby stabilizing the structure of the grass waterway, making the grass waterway perform well in preventing soil erosion. Grass waterways have a positive effect on improving water quality. Turf can filter sediments, nutrients and agricultural chemicals in surface runoff, reducing the chance of these pollutants entering downstream water bodies, thereby improving downstream water quality. Grass waterways further improve water quality by slowing down the speed of water flow, allowing sediments and pollutants to settle before entering the water body. Grass waterways can also reduce peak flood flows and reduce the occurrence of flood disasters. Grass waterways covered with turf can slow down surface runoff, making the water flow more dispersed and gentle, thereby minimizing the possibility of flooding in the surrounding area, which is of great significance for protecting agricultural production and residents' lives. Grass waterways also provide valuable habitats for wildlife. Wildlife, including insects, birds and small mammals, can find suitable habitats in grass waterways, which helps increase and improve biodiversity and stability in agricultural systems. Compared with traditional gully repair methods, grass waterways have significantly lower maintenance costs. By protecting the topsoil and improving farmland conditions, grass waterways not only reduce the frequency and difficulty of maintenance work, but also help maintain long-term agricultural productivity.

[0014] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the geometric feature includes a slope of the grass waterway, and the slope ranges from 4% to 12%.

[0015] In the above-mentioned implementation process, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application fully considers the slope, width, depth, etc. of the grass water channel, as well as the setting of water level difference or additional depth to prevent sedimentation, considers the stability of the water outlet, etc., and proposes a comprehensive grass water channel construction method from multiple aspects of grass water channel design. The grass water channel constructed using the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application not only has a stable structure, but also can greatly reduce soil erosion problems, thereby greatly promoting the long-term productivity of agriculture.

[0016] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: setting a concealed pipe drainage system at the bottom of the grass water channel along the extension direction of the grass water channel.

[0017] In the above implementation process, the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application installs a concealed pipe drainage system at the bottom of the grass waterway to prevent the soil from being too wet and ensure the healthy growth of the grass.

[0018] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, after completing the construction of the grass water channel, the method further includes: monitoring and controlling the growth of grass seeds in the grass water channel; and controlling the water intake of the grass water channel.

[0019] In the above-mentioned implementation process, the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application prevents damage through regular maintenance, including mowing the grass, clearing debris, inspecting and repairing damaged parts, and optimizing design and management, effectively controlling plant growth and siltation, and taking water intake control measures to ensure the stable operation of the grass waterway, effectively intercepting and transporting runoff, and protecting the surrounding land from erosion, thereby improving the overall efficiency and ecological environment quality of the grass waterway.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a grass water channel, which is implemented based on a grass water channel construction method as described in any one of the first aspects of the present application.

[0021] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a grass water channel construction device, which includes: a geometric feature determination module and a grass water channel construction module; the geometric feature determination module is used to determine the geometric features of the grass water channel constructed in the target site selection area according to the terrain conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area; the geometric feature determination module is also used to construct the geometric structure of the grass water channel in the target site selection area based on the geometric features of the grass water channel; the grass water channel construction module is used to set grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area in the geometric structure of the grass water channel to complete the construction of the grass water channel.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program / instructions, and the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor to perform the steps in any implementation of the above-mentioned grass waterway construction method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing a grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A flow chart for determining the cross section and capacity of a grass waterway provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a parabolic grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a trapezoidal grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5A schematic cross-sectional view of a triangular grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A flow chart for determining grass species provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the modules of the grass waterway construction device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architectures, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, a program segment or a part of a code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or the flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or the flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0032] In agricultural production activities, the concentrated surge of surface runoff has become a key factor in inducing soil erosion and water quality degradation. This phenomenon is particularly significant in areas with concentrated rainfall and strong surface runoff, which has an impact on the local ecological environment and agricultural production. In these areas, due to heavy and concentrated rainfall and strong surface runoff, the scouring force of water flow is increased, which in turn exacerbates the development of gullies and soil erosion. The formation of gullies not only significantly changes the surface morphology, but also destroys the original structure of the land, resulting in changes in key attributes such as soil texture and fertility; which directly threatens the stability of the land, making the land more fragile and susceptible to further weathering and erosion.

[0033] What is more serious is that once erosion gullies begin to form, they will continuously accelerate the rate of soil loss, causing the surrounding land to gradually lose protection, thereby intensifying the erosion process. This erosion not only causes the soil thickness to decrease, but also causes a large amount of nutrients in the soil to be lost, further reducing the fertility of the land. At the same time, erosion gullies will also destroy the natural structure of the land, making the land more difficult to cultivate and use, thus seriously restricting the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0034] In traditional agricultural production, open channel (ditch) drainage methods are often used, that is, digging ditches on the ground so that water can flow along the ditches to the predetermined discharge point, thereby achieving the purpose of drainage. However, the traditional open channel (ditch) drainage method usually affects the passage of agricultural machinery because it cuts off the land, and the open channel (ditch) drainage method may cause ditch bank erosion due to the excessively fast water flow speed, and the washed away silt will cause downstream water pollution, ignoring the protection of the ecological environment and long-term stability.

[0035] There is also a method in the prior art to flush out shallow gullies during the rainy season and smooth them out through autumn farming. However, this method will gradually reduce the overall area, forming erosion gullies year after year, which will also cause the existence of erosion gullies to aggravate soil loss, destroy land structure, and lead to a decline in agricultural productivity.

[0036] Based on this, the present application proposes a grass waterway construction method and a grass waterway. The grass waterway construction method comprehensively considers the topographical conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, determines the geometric features of the grass waterway constructed in the target site selection area; then selects grass seeds that match the ecological environment of the target site selection area and plants them on the geometric structure of the constructed grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway. The grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application can construct a grass waterway whose structure is suitable for the topographical and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area. By constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area, it is not only beneficial to the transportation of surface water, but also can reduce soil erosion and help maintain the long-term productivity of agriculture.

[0037] Before introducing the specific contents of the present application, it should be noted that the grass waterway constructed by the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application is formed by planting specific grass species into a "waterway" or "waterway" through which water can flow, aiming to prevent water from directly impacting farmland and causing soil erosion.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for constructing a grass waterway provided in the embodiment of the present application; the present application provides a method for constructing a grass waterway. The method for constructing a grass waterway comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step S100: Determine the geometric features for constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area according to the topographical and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area.

[0040] In the above step S100, the geometric features for constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area are determined based on the topographical and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area. That is, a targeted grass waterway is constructed for the target site selection area according to the topographical and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area.

[0041] The terrain conditions may be the height, topography or location of the target site selection area in the farmland.

[0042] Hydrological conditions may include water volume, water level and flow rate in the target site selection area.

[0043] Optionally, before constructing the grass waterway, the grass waterway construction site selection is first performed, that is, the target site selection area is selected. The embodiment of the present application selects an area where surface runoff is concentrated as the target site selection area, ensuring that the site selection area has sufficient soil depth to support the growth of grass and has a stable drainage outlet. Exemplarily, a natural drainage ditch in a low-lying area or slope in a field is selected as the above-mentioned target site selection area.

[0044] Step S200: Based on the geometric features of the grass waterway, construct the geometric structure of the grass waterway in the target site selection area.

[0045] In the above step S200, the geometric structure of the grass water channel is constructed in the target site selection area based on the geometric characteristics of the grass water channel. That is to say, the geometric characteristics for constructing the grass water channel are obtained based on the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, and the geometric structure of the grass water channel is excavated and formed according to the geometric characteristics.

[0046] Step S300: setting grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway.

[0047] In the above step S300, after the geometric structure of the grass waterway is excavated and formed according to the geometric features, it is necessary to cover the geometric structure with grass to complete the construction of the entire grass waterway. This not only stabilizes the structure of the grass waterway, but also stabilizes the soil and reduces gully and rill erosion caused by concentrated water flow.

[0048] Optionally, clear the grass channel area of ​​obstructions before construction. If the grass channel is located in a natural depression or turf spillway, only leveling and conventional seedbed preparation are required. Straightening the bends improves channel conditions, thereby improving hydraulic characteristics, facilitating agricultural production, and reducing channel maintenance workload.

[0049] pass Figure 1It can be seen that the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application constructs adaptive grass waterway geometric features and structures by comprehensively considering the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, and lays grass species that are coordinated with the ecological environment, thereby completing the construction of the grass waterway efficiently and in an eco-friendly manner. The grass waterway structure constructed by the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application has a promoting effect on soil and water conservation, water quality improvement, ecological environment protection, and agricultural production.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flow chart for determining the cross-section and capacity of a grass waterway provided for an embodiment of the present application; in an optional embodiment, the geometric features include the cross-sectional dimensions and capacity of the geometric structure of the grass waterway, and the hydrological conditions include the historical water flow in the target site selection area and the flow velocity corresponding to the historical water flow.

[0051] In the above step S100, the geometric features of constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area are determined according to the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, which can be achieved by the following steps:

[0052] Step S110: Determine the cross-sectional size based on a plurality of historical water flow rates in the target site selection area and the flow velocities corresponding to the historical water flow rates.

[0053] In the above step S110, the cross-sectional dimensions of the grass waterway constructed in the target site selection area are related to the expected net flow of the catchment area. In the embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional dimensions of the grass waterway are designed by considering multiple historical water flows and corresponding flow velocities in the target site selection area.

[0054] Exemplarily, multiple historical water flows and corresponding flow velocities of the target site selection area in multiple years and seasons can be selected to determine the cross-sectional size of the grass water channel. For example, a 24-hour rainstorm that occurs once every 10 years is used to calculate the design flow of the grass water channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the grass water channel is calculated based on the formula A=Q / v, where A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the grass water channel, Q is the peak runoff rate, and v is the flow velocity.

[0055] Step S120: Determine the capacity according to the historical water flow peak value of the target site selection area within the target time period.

[0056] In the above step S120, the capacity of the grass waterway is designed according to the historical flow peak of the target site selection area within the target period. For example, the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application requires that the designed grass waterway can withstand the peak flow caused by a rainstorm that occurs at least once every 10 years and within 24 hours.

[0057] Optionally, in terms of capacity design, the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application also needs to reserve a certain amount of sediment accumulation space according to actual conditions, and try to avoid water flowing at a height flush with the upper edge of the grass waterway. For example, there should be at least 15 cm of excess height above the water surface in the grass waterway, reserving a certain amount of sediment accumulation space.

[0058] pass Figure 2 It can be seen that the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application scientifically determines the cross-sectional size and capacity of the grass water channel by comprehensively considering the historical water flow and corresponding flow velocity in the target site selection area, and reserves space for sediment accumulation, thereby effectively improving the rationality of the grass water channel design and the durability of the grass water channel structure.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a parabolic grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a trapezoidal grass waterway provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a triangular grass waterway provided for an embodiment of the present application; in an optional embodiment, the geometric features include the shape of the geometric structure of the grass waterway, and the terrain conditions include the location characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland.

[0061] The above step S100 determines the geometric features of constructing the grass waterway in the target site selection area according to the topographic and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area, and can also be achieved in the following way: determine the shape of the geometric structure of the grass waterway according to the location characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the location of the target site selection area in the farmland largely determines what shape of geometric structure should be constructed in the target site selection area. The reason is that when the target site selection area is located at different positions in the farmland, the site conditions and the types of construction equipment that can be used are different.

[0063] In the above implementation process, the geometric structure of the grass waterway includes an arc type and a broken line type.

[0064] Arc type, such as parabola (please refer to Figure 3 ). The vertical area of ​​the parabolic grass waterway decreases as the width of the riverbed section increases, resulting in a non-constant flow characteristic, that is, when the section width increases, the water flow decreases relatively, and the flow velocity decreases as the section width decreases. It has a certain resistance, can suppress water level fluctuations, and reduce flow changes and fluctuations.

[0065] Broken line, such as trapezoid (please refer to Figure 4 ) and triangle (please refer to Figure 5 The hydraulic characteristics of the trapezoidal grass waterway are relatively stable. The triangular grass waterway (also known as the V-shaped grass waterway) can effectively reduce the resistance and pressure loss of the fluid, increase the flow rate and transportation efficiency of the water flow, and also play a certain role in shock absorption and protection.

[0066] In the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the construction of the grass water channel cross section is related to the position of the target site selection area in the farmland.

[0067] For example, when the target site selection area is at the end of the field, an inverted trapezoid (such as Figure 4 When excavating and shaping, use a forklift or grader to scrape the bottom flat, and then use a hook machine to trim both sides.

[0068] For example, when the target site selection area is at the mid-waterline of the ground, a parabola is generally used (e.g. Figure 3 As shown), it adopts hook machine repair type.

[0069] pass Figures 3 to 5 It can be seen that the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application fully considers the location of the target site selection area in the farmland when designing the cross-section of the grass water channel. The site conditions and available construction equipment types at different locations will be different, so the cross-sectional shape of the grass water channel is determined according to local conditions, which is conducive to the efficient construction of a grass water channel that is highly matched and highly applicable to the target site selection area.

[0070] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 A flow chart for determining grass species provided in the embodiment of the present application; in an optional implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the above step S300 uses grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area and is planted in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway, which can be achieved in the following ways:

[0071] Step S310: Determine the allowable flow rate of the grass waterway according to the geometric characteristics of the grass waterway and the ecological environment of the target site selection area.

[0072] In the above step S310, the allowable flow rate of the grass waterway corresponding to the geometric characteristics of the specific grass waterway is determined according to the ecological environment of the target site selection area.

[0073] Exemplarily, the average flow velocity is determined using the Manning formula: Among them, R is the hydraulic radius of the grass waterway section, (A / P) (m); S is the slope of the grass waterway, and n is the Manning roughness coefficient (vegetated grass waterway, n = 0.04).

[0074] In the above implementation process, the ecological environment of the target site selection area includes the soil conditions of the target site selection area. Different soil conditions allow different flow rates. Please refer to Table 1, which provides the allowable flow rates of different types of soil.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] Step S320: determining the grass species based on the allowed flow rate, and setting the grass species on the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway.

[0078] In the above step S320, after obtaining the allowable flow rate, the grass species is determined according to the allowable flow rate. Please refer to Table 2, which shows different vegetation coverage types and corresponding recommended flow rates. According to Table 2, if the calculated allowable flow rate is in the range of 0.9 to 1.2, sparse grass coverage is recommended; if the calculated allowable flow rate is in the range of 1.5 to 1.8, good grass coverage is recommended; if the calculated allowable flow rate is in the range of 2 to 2.5, excellent grass coverage is recommended. In practical applications, different grass species, that is, plant species, can also be recommended for different flow rates.

[0079] Table 2

[0080]

[0081] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application provides a planting process for grass waterway turf. Before sowing, the soil at the bottom and both sides of the excavated grass waterway needs to be improved to increase soil fertility and water retention, laying a solid foundation for subsequent turf planting. After the improvement is completed, the appropriate grass seeds should be selected for planting immediately according to the specific purpose of the grass waterway (such as agricultural production or ecological protection). The selected grass seeds need to adapt to the local climate and soil conditions, especially in areas prone to erosion, and varieties with well-developed root systems and erosion resistance should be given priority. When sowing, ensure that the grass seeds are evenly sown and lightly covered with a thin layer of soil to promote seed germination. The entire vegetation establishment process must follow relevant standards, plant in time and use grass seeds, fences, etc. for protection. In addition, before construction, dense crops (such as spring wheat) can be planted in the catchment area to reduce runoff during construction, and vehicle access can be reasonably set up to avoid additional damage to the soil. For locations where suitable permanent vegetation cannot be established, turf laying can be used as an alternative. In terms of sowing, the grass waterway should be mixed with annual fast-growing plants for temporary control and perennial cold-resistant plants for permanent protection, and it is best to sow in rows perpendicular to the grass waterway. After sowing, a protective layer should be covered to promote good plant growth.

[0082] After the corresponding grass species are planted in the geometric structure of the grass waterway, it not only effectively transports surface water, but also significantly reduces soil erosion, providing multiple protections for farmland and surrounding land. Specifically, the grass waterway exerts its unique advantages in the following ways:

[0083] Firstly, grass waterways can stabilize the soil and significantly reduce gully and rill erosion caused by concentrated water flow. The grass roots penetrate deep into the soil, which plays a role in fixing the soil and effectively prevents soil displacement, thus stabilizing the structure of grass waterways, making them excellent in preventing soil erosion.

[0084] Secondly, grass waterways have a positive effect on improving water quality. Turf can filter sediments, nutrients and agricultural chemicals in surface runoff, reducing the chance of these pollutants entering downstream water bodies, thereby improving downstream water quality. In addition, grass waterways further improve water quality by slowing down the flow of water, giving sediments and pollutants enough time to settle before entering the water body.

[0085] Furthermore, grass waterways can reduce peak flow and reduce the occurrence of flood disasters. Vegetation-covered surfaces can slow down surface runoff, making the water flow more dispersed and gentle, thereby minimizing the possibility of floods in the surrounding areas, which is of great significance for protecting agricultural production and residents' lives.

[0086] In addition, grass waterways provide valuable habitats for wildlife, including insects, birds and small mammals, which can find suitable living environments in grass waterways, helping to increase and enhance biodiversity and stability in agricultural systems.

[0087] Finally, compared to traditional gully repair methods, the maintenance cost of grass waterways is significantly reduced. By protecting the topsoil and improving farmland conditions, grass waterways not only reduce the frequency and difficulty of maintenance work, but also help maintain long-term agricultural productivity.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, the grass waterway design also includes the construction of the grass waterway slope. In the embodiment of the present application, the geometric feature includes the slope of the grass waterway, and the slope range is 4% to 12%. Preferably, the grass waterway slope provided in the embodiment of the present application is 5% to 10%.

[0089] Assume that the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to the sloping farmland in Northeast my country. Since most of the sloping farmland in Northeast China are gentle slopes, generally below 7° (i.e., 12%), the grass waterways are all on the sloping farmland, and the slope range of the grass waterways is 4% to 12%.

[0090] Optionally, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes the design of the depth and width of the grass water channel. On the one hand, the width of the grass water channel depends on the flow, slope and available land; illustratively, on a small plot, the width may be 1 to 2 meters; on a large tract of cultivated land, the width may be up to 20-60 meters. On the other hand, the depth of the grass water channel affects field operations, such as deeper grass water channels make it difficult for agricultural machinery to pass. At the same time, for safety reasons, a water level difference of 10-15 cm is added to the design depth. In actual applications, in order to better balance cutting and filling, the slope can be changed to reduce the amount of earthwork.

[0091] Optionally, a water level differential or additional depth can be set to prevent settling and minimize the shallowing of deep trenches.

[0092] Optionally, the outlet of the grass waterway is designed to be stable and have sufficient capacity, and various forms such as vegetation channels, earth ditches, and slope-stabilized structures can be used to ensure that the water is discharged smoothly without affecting the surrounding environment.

[0093] Optionally, if the slope or flow of the grass water channel changes significantly, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application designs the grass water channel in sections. Determine the location where the significant change occurs on the slope as the dividing point for the segmented design. Large changes in soil properties may also require changes in the cross-section of the grass water channel. If there are significant differences in the cross-section or slope between adjacent sections, it may be necessary to establish a transition section between them to ensure a smooth transition of the water flow. When the boundaries of two or more sections are determined, each section is designed according to the above-mentioned grass water channel construction method.

[0094] Optionally, attention should be paid to the layout of the grass channel, which can effectively collect and transport runoff from wide ridges, water lines and other areas. The shape and size of the grass channel should be designed according to the terrain and water flow. Generally speaking, the grass channel should be a grass-covered channel with a wide and shallow cross-section, and through appropriate shaping or trimming, ensure that the water flows smoothly through at a non-erosive flow rate. Use professional measurement tools to conduct detailed topographic surveys of the construction area, analyze the surface runoff path and hydrological conditions, determine the length, width and slope of the grass channel, and ensure that the water flow rate is not too fast to avoid erosion.

[0095] The embodiments of the present application provide geometric features of several different types of grass waterways, as shown in Table 3.

[0096] Table 3

[0097]

[0098] In Table 3, b is the width of the ditch bed; d is the flow depth; z is the slope, H:V; and D is (flow depth + water level difference).

[0099] It can be seen from this that the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application fully considers the slope, width, depth, etc. of the grass water channel, as well as the setting of water level difference or additional depth to prevent sedimentation, considers the stability of the water outlet, etc., and proposes a comprehensive grass water channel construction method from multiple aspects of grass water channel design. The grass water channel constructed using the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application not only has a stable structure, but also can greatly reduce soil erosion problems, thereby greatly promoting the long-term productivity of agriculture.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, the grass water channel construction method provided in the present application further provides a concealed pipe drainage system at the bottom of the grass water channel along the extension direction of the grass water channel.

[0101] It can be seen from this that the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application installs a concealed pipe drainage system at the bottom of the grass waterway to prevent the soil from being too wet and ensure the healthy growth of the grass.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, after the construction of the grass water channel is completed, the grass water channel construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes: monitoring and controlling the growth of grass in the grass water channel; and controlling the water intake of the grass water channel.

[0103] After the construction of the grass waterway, it may be destroyed due to: its capacity does not match the actual demand, the water flow is too fast or the grass does not completely cover the surface of the grass waterway. The first two factors are particularly critical in the design stage. However, the actual condition of the vegetation is not only affected by the initial construction and treatment of the grass waterway, but also closely related to the management after construction. Especially in wet weather conditions, driving, pedestrians trampling and grazing in the grass waterway will cause damage to the grass, which will lead to the destruction of the grass waterway. In addition, the scouring of turbulent water and improper mechanical operation will also cause damage to the grass. Therefore, after the construction of the grass waterway, it is necessary to monitor and control the growth of plants in the grass waterway, and control the water intake of the grass waterway.

[0104] Once a grass waterway is built, it needs to be maintained regularly to ensure that it is functioning properly. This includes mowing the grass regularly, removing weeds and sediment, and carefully inspecting and repairing any eroded or damaged areas. Before and after the rainy season, it is important to check the drainage of the grass waterway to ensure that it is not blocked.

[0105] The turf of the waterway should be mowed several times each season to promote new plant growth and effectively suppress the growth of weeds. Rotary mowers are effective in mowing, and there is no need to rake after cutting. Fertilizer should be applied once a year to help maintain the density of the turf. Damaged turf should be repaired in time to control the further development of erosion in the waterway.

[0106] Good watershed protection is an extremely effective way to control sediment accumulation. Sediment accumulation will cover vegetation and reduce the capacity of grass channels. Extending good grass coverage to the slopes of grass channels and the outlets of terraced grass channels will help prevent sediment accumulation in grass channels. By controlling the growth of grass and preventing the unbridled growth of various weeds, the amount of sediment accumulation can be reduced. At the same time, increasing the design flow rate can also reduce the degree of sedimentation in grass channels.

[0107] It can be seen that the grass waterway construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application prevents damage through regular maintenance, including mowing the grass, clearing debris, inspecting and repairing damaged parts, and optimizing design and management, effectively controlling grass growth and silt accumulation, and taking water intake control measures to ensure the stable operation of the grass waterway, effectively intercepting and transporting runoff, and protecting the surrounding land from erosion, thereby improving the overall efficiency and ecological environment quality of the grass waterway.

[0108] The present application provides a grass waterway, which is implemented based on the grass waterway construction method provided in the present application.

[0109] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a module schematic diagram of a grass water channel construction device provided in an embodiment of the present application; the present application provides a grass water channel construction device, and the grass water channel construction device 100 includes a geometric feature determination module 110 and a grass water channel construction module 120.

[0110] The geometric feature determination module 110 is used to determine the geometric features of constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area according to the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area.

[0111] The geometric feature determination module 110 is also used to construct the geometric structure of the grass waterway in the target site selection area based on the geometric features of the grass waterway.

[0112] The grass waterway construction module 120 is used to set grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway.

[0113] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program / instructions, and the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor to perform the steps in any implementation method of the above-mentioned grass waterway construction method.

[0114] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are read and run by a processor, the steps in any implementation method of the above-mentioned grass waterway construction method are executed.

[0115] The computer-readable storage medium may be a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or any other medium that can store program code.

[0116] In this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0117] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a grass waterway, characterized in that: The grass waterway construction method comprises: Determine the geometric features of constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area based on the topographic and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area; Based on the geometric features of the grass waterway, constructing the geometric structure of the grass waterway in the target site selection area; The grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area are set in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in, The geometric features include the cross-sectional dimensions and capacity of the geometric structure of the grass waterway, and the hydrological conditions include the historical water flow of the target site selection area and the flow velocity corresponding to the historical water flow; Determining the geometric features of constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area according to the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area includes: Determining the cross-sectional size based on a plurality of the historical water flow rates in the target site selection area and flow velocities corresponding to the historical water flow rates; The capacity is determined according to the historical water flow peak value of the target site selection area within the target time period.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in, The geometric features include the shape of the geometric structure of the grass waterway, and the terrain conditions include the location characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland; Determining the geometric features of constructing a grass waterway in the target site selection area according to the topographic conditions and hydrological conditions of the target site selection area includes: The shape of the geometric structure of the grass waterway is determined according to the location characteristics of the target site selection area in the farmland; wherein the shape includes an arc shape and a broken line shape.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of using grass species corresponding to the ecological environment of the target site selection area and planting them in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway includes: Determining the permissible flow rate of the grass waterway according to the geometrical characteristics of the grass waterway and the ecological environment of the target site selection area; The grass species is determined based on the allowed flow rate, and the grass species is set in the geometric structure of the grass waterway to complete the construction of the grass waterway.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in, The geometrical features include a slope of the grass waterway, the slope ranging from 4% to 12%.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: setting a concealed pipe drainage system at the bottom of the grass water channel along the extension direction of the grass water channel.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that After completing the construction of the grass waterway, the method further comprises: Monitor and control the growth of grass seeds in the grass waterway; and control the water inflow into the grass waterway.

8. A grass waterway, characterized in that: The grass waterway is realized based on the grass waterway construction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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