Automatic tipping bucket door opening and closing device and vehicle with same

Abstract

The tipping bucket door automatic opening and closing device comprises a tipping bucket, a frame and a connecting rod mechanism, the tipping bucket comprises a tipping bucket body, and the tipping bucket body comprises a bottom wall, a first side wall arranged on the bottom wall in a surrounding mode, a second side wall opposite to the first side wall and a third side wall arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall; a tipping bucket door is arranged at the position opposite to the third side wall in a hinged mode. A clamping groove is formed in the tipping bucket door, and a tipping hinge shaft is arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket body. A fixed slide way is arranged on the frame; the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first arm and a second arm which are arranged at a certain included angle, the first arm is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite, the first end is a locking end, the locking end is provided with a locking pin shaft, the second arm is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are opposite, the fourth end is provided with a roller, and the roller is installed in the fixed sliding way. The tipping bucket door can be mechanically opened and closed, the structure is simple, operation is reliable, and the manufacturing cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dump transport vehicles, in particular to an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door and a vehicle thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electric furnace steelmaking usually uses scrap steel as raw material. Taking the electric furnace that uses a shaft to preheat scrap steel as an example, the scrap steel raw material is first added to the shaft and preheated by the high-temperature flue gas in the electric furnace before being sent to the electric furnace for smelting. The shaft is usually charged with an inclined bridge loading trolley. The trolley has a dump bucket with scrap steel in it. The trolley is loaded with scrap steel on the raw material span, and after rising along the inclined bridge track to the top of the shaft, the dump bucket on the trolley unloads the scrap steel in the bucket into the shaft through the tipping mechanism.

[0003] In the prior art, the locking and unlocking of the unloading door of a dump truck is usually achieved by the following schemes. The first scheme adopts a manual switch, the material box door shaft is located at the lower part of the material box, the unloading door is hinged to the material box through the material box door shaft, and the door opens downward. Notches are provided on both sides of the upper part of the material box door, and a right-angle handle is provided on the upper part of the unloading door. The right-angle handle can rotate 360 ​​degrees in the notch. The door is opened when the right-angle handle is in the same direction as the opening direction of the notch, and locked when it is in the opposite direction. This scheme requires manual operation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] The second solution is to install a swing arm with a hook at the lower part of the unloading door. The self-locking mechanism of the unloading door of the dump truck with this structure relies on the collision between the swing arm and the unloading door to force locking. The rigid collision between the swing arm and the unloading door can easily cause the swing arm to break, which in turn leads to a short service life of the self-locking mechanism of the unloading door of the dump truck with this structure.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door to solve at least one of the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which can realize mechanical opening and closing of the dump door and has a simple structure, reliable operation and low cost.

[0007] The specific technical solution of the implementation mode of the present invention is:

[0008] A dump door automatic opening and closing device, the dump door automatic opening and closing device comprises: a dump bucket, a vehicle frame, and a connecting rod mechanism, the dump bucket comprises a dump bucket body, the dump bucket body comprises a bottom wall, and a first side wall arranged on the bottom wall, a second side wall opposite to the first side wall, and a third side wall arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall, the dump door is arranged at a position opposite to the third side wall in a hinged manner; a card slot is arranged on the dump door, and a tilting hinge shaft is arranged at the bottom of the dump bucket body; a fixed slide is arranged on the vehicle frame; the connecting rod mechanism comprises In summary: a first arm and a second arm are arranged at a certain angle, the first arm has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end is a locking end, the locking end is provided with a locking pin, the second arm has a third end and a fourth end opposite to each other, the fourth end is provided with a roller, and the roller is installed in the fixed slide; when the bucket body rotates along the tilting hinge shaft, the connecting rod mechanism as a whole rotates around a predetermined center and can move with the bucket body in a predetermined trajectory, the roller makes a linear motion in the fixed slide, and the locking pin can disengage from the slot.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a clamping plate is provided at the lower part of the dump door, and the clamping groove is provided on the clamping plate, and the clamping groove is formed by cutting and intersecting a straight line and an arc line.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a first fixed shaft is provided on the dump body; a first reamed hole for mounting the first fixed shaft is provided on the connecting rod mechanism, and the connecting rod mechanism rotates around the center of the first reamed hole.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first reamed hole is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod structure, a first adapter is installed between the first reamed hole and the first fixed axis, and the connecting rod mechanism rotates around the first fixed axis.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first adapter comprises any one of the following: a self-lubricating sleeve or a bearing.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the locking end is a fork-shaped structure, which includes: a first side plate and a second side plate arranged relative to each other at a certain interval, and a long hole is provided in the first side plate and the second side plate, and the locking pin is inserted into the long hole and can move up and down in the long hole.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, an elastic damping member is installed at the bottom of the elongated hole, and the locking pin is lifted up by the elastic damping member and contacts the top surface of the elongated hole. When the locking pin is subjected to force, the elastic damping member is compressed and the locking pin can move downward.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic damping member includes any one of the following: a spring, a rubber member, and a polyurethane member.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic damping member includes a supporting spring, and the locking end also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the supporting spring, the limiting mechanism includes a spring base plate and a fixing member, the bottom of the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with an opening for passing the supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring abuts against the locking pin shaft, and the other end abuts against the spring base plate, and the spring base plate is fixed to the first side plate and the second side plate through the fixing member.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting plate is provided on the frame, the fixed slide is provided on the mounting plate, the roller is provided with rims on both sides along the thickness direction, the spacing between the rims on both sides of the roller is greater than the thickness of the mounting plate, and the rims cooperate with the mounting plate to form a lateral guide mechanism.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the fourth end is further provided with a roller shaft and a second adapter for assembling the roller shaft and the roller, and the roller can rotate relative to the roller shaft.

[0019] A vehicle comprises any one of the above-mentioned automatic opening and closing devices for dump doors.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0021] The automatic opening and closing device of the dump door provided in the embodiment of the present application forms a linkage mechanism by setting a matching connecting rod mechanism between the dump bucket, the frame, and the two, so that the opening and closing of the dump door is related to the tipping of the dump bucket, and no human intervention is required when opening and closing the door. The dump door opens when the dump bucket tips over; the dump door automatically closes and locks when the dump bucket is reset, which is conducive to remote automatic control of the dump bucket. The opening and closing of the dump door is mechanical, with a simple structure, reliable operation, and low cost. The dump bucket is applicable to a wide range of occasions, such as high-temperature loading, high-altitude loading, and hazardous material unloading.

[0022] With reference to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope. Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents. Features described and / or shown for one embodiment can be used in one or more other embodiments in the same or similar manner, combined with features in other embodiments, or replace features in other embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the figures are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dump door in a locked state in an automatic dump door opening and closing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a dump door in an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the dump door is in an open state;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dump box body in an automatic opening and closing device for a dump box door provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dump door in an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting rod mechanism in an automatic opening and closing device of a dump door provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a connecting rod mechanism in an automatic opening and closing device of a dump door provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a connecting rod mechanism at a first end of a first arm in an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of a dump door automatic opening and closing device provided in an embodiment of the present application when the dump bucket is in a horizontal position;

[0032] Fig. 9 A partial cross-sectional view of a dump door automatic opening and closing device provided in an embodiment of the present application when the dump bucket is tilted 1°;

[0033] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the card slot position;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the position of the card slot when the tipping bucket is tilted 0.5°;

[0035] Fig.12 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the position of the card slot when the tipping bucket is tilted 1.2°;

[0036] Fig.13 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the position of the card slot when the tipping bucket is tilted 1.5°;

[0037] Fig.14 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the position of the card slot when the tipping bucket is tilted 0°.

[0038] Reference numerals of the present application:

[0039] 1. The tipping bucket body;

[0040] 11. a first side wall;

[0041] 12. a second side wall;

[0042] 13. The third side wall;

[0043] 14. First fixed axis;

[0044] 15. Tilt hinge shaft;

[0045] 16. Ream the top hole;

[0046] 17. Top pin;

[0047] 2. Flip door;

[0048] 20. Pallet;

[0049] 21. Card slot;

[0050] 22. Hanging reaming;

[0051] 3. Frame;

[0052] 30. Fixed slide;

[0053] 4. Connecting rod mechanism;

[0054] L1, first arm;

[0055] L2, second arm;

[0056] 401, first side panel;

[0057] 402, second side plate;

[0058] 41. First reaming hole;

[0059] 412, first adapter;

[0060] 43. Locking pin;

[0061] 44. Roller;

[0062] 440, roller shaft;

[0063] 442, second adapter;

[0064] 45. Support spring;

[0065] 450, opening;

[0066] 46. ​​Spring base plate;

[0067] 47. Bolts;

[0068] 48. Long hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0070] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0072] The present application provides an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door. During loading and transportation, the dump door is always locked by the automatic opening and closing device to prevent the spillage of scrap steel. When the dump bucket tips over, the connecting rod mechanism is driven to move, the dump door is unlocked and opened, and the scrap steel is discharged from the dump bucket. When the dump bucket returns to its unloading position, the connecting rod mechanism is driven to move, and the dump door is locked again, that is, the door automatically opens when the dump bucket is unloading, and the dump door automatically closes when the unloading is reset. The automatic opening and closing device for the dump door provided by the present invention is a mechanical device, which does not require additional energy such as electricity or hydraulic pressure, and the door opening and closing does not require human intervention.

[0073] Please refer to Figures 1 to 13In the embodiment of the present application specification, an automatic opening and closing device for a dump door 2 is provided, and the automatic opening and closing device for the dump door 2 may include: a dump, a frame 3, and a connecting rod mechanism 4. The dump includes a dump body 1, and the dump body 1 includes a bottom wall, a first side wall 11 arranged on the bottom wall, a second side wall 12 opposite to the first side wall 11, and a third side wall 13 arranged between the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12, and a dump door 2 is arranged at a position opposite to the third side wall 13 by a hinged manner; a card slot 21 is arranged on the dump door 2, and a tilting hinge shaft 15 is arranged at the bottom of the dump body 1; a fixed slide 30 is arranged on the frame 3; the connecting rod mechanism 4 includes: a first arm L1 and a second arm L2 arranged at a certain angle. L2, the first arm L1 has a first end and a second end relative to each other, the first end is a locking end, the locking end is provided with a locking pin 43, the second arm L2 has a third end and a fourth end relative to each other, the fourth end is provided with a roller 44, and the roller 44 is installed in the fixed slide 30; when the bucket body 1 rotates along the tilting hinge shaft 15, the connecting rod mechanism 4 can move with the bucket body 1 along a predetermined trajectory when it rotates around a predetermined center as a whole, the roller 44 makes a linear motion in the fixed slide 30, and the locking pin 43 can disengage from the slot 21.

[0074] On the whole, the automatic opening and closing device of the dump door 2 provided in the embodiment of the present application forms a linkage mechanism by setting a matching connecting rod mechanism 4 between the dump bucket, the frame 3, and the two, so that the opening and closing of the dump door 2 is associated with the tipping of the dump bucket, and no human intervention is required when opening and closing the door. The dump door 2 opens when the dump bucket tips over; the dump door 2 automatically closes and locks when the dump bucket is reset, which is conducive to remote automatic control of the dump bucket. The opening and closing of the dump door 2 is mechanical, with a simple structure, reliable operation, and low cost. The dump bucket is applicable to a wide range of occasions, such as high-temperature loading, high-altitude loading, and hazardous material unloading.

[0075] The automatic opening and closing device of the dump door 2 provided in the present application may mainly include: a dump body 1, a dump door 2, and a connecting rod mechanism 4.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, the dump bucket may include a dump bucket body 1 and a dump bucket door 2. The dump bucket body 1 includes a bottom wall, a first side wall 11 arranged around the bottom wall, a second side wall 12 opposite to the first side wall 11, and a third side wall 13 arranged between the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12. The position opposite to the third side wall 13 is an open end, and the dump bucket door 2 can be installed in a hinged manner to be closed.

[0077] The top of the dump body 1 is provided with a top reaming hole 16 for hanging the dump door 2. The dump door 2 is hung on the open end of the dump body 1 through the top pin 17. The dump door 2 can be rotated and opened around the top pin 17 on which it is hung. The dump body 1 is provided with a first fixed shaft 14; the connecting rod mechanism 4 is provided with a first reaming hole 41 for installing the first fixed shaft 14, and the connecting rod mechanism 4 rotates around the center of the first reaming hole 41. The bottom of the dump body 1 (for example, on the dump truck frame 3) is provided with a tilting hinge shaft 15. The front end of the dump can be hinged with the dump truck through the tilting hinge shaft 15. The rear part of the dump can be seated on the steel frame of the dump truck. The dump can rotate along the tilting hinge shaft 15, thereby automatically opening the dump door 2 and unloading the materials in the dump. Among them, the dump can be driven to rotate by a tilting mechanism. Specifically, the tilting mechanism can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, a motor, a pneumatic drive, etc., and this application does not make specific limitations here.

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, a hanging reaming hole 22 is provided on the top of the dump door 2, which is connected to the top reaming hole 16 of the dump body 1 through a top pin shaft 17, so that the dump door 2 is hinged to the dump body 1.

[0079] The dump door 2 is provided with a card slot 21. Specifically, a card plate 20 is provided at the lower part of the dump door 2, and the card slot 21 is provided on the card plate 20. The card slot 21 is formed by cutting and intersecting a straight line and an arc line.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, when the dump bucket is in a horizontal position, the locking slot 21 clamps the locking pin 43 of the connecting rod mechanism 4 to prevent the dump bucket door 2 from opening; Figure 2 As shown, when the bucket tips over, the connecting rod mechanism 4 moves along with the bucket along a predetermined trajectory, and the locking pin 43 is disengaged from the slot 21 .

[0081] Specific as Fig. 9 As shown, when the bucket tips over, the first fixed axis 14 moves forward and downward along an arc with a radius of R around the tipping hinge axis 15, the roller 44 of the connecting rod structure moves upward along the fixed slide 30 and forces the connecting rod mechanism 4 to rotate around the first fixed axis 14 on the bucket, and the locking pin 43 of the linkage connecting rod mechanism 4 moves downward along the arc radius R1, the locking pin 43 disengages from the slot 21, and the bucket door 2 opens automatically.

[0082] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the connecting rod mechanism 4 can be an L-shaped locking connecting rod, which is a combined component as a whole. The connecting rod mechanism 4 can include a locking rod body, which can be an L-shaped structure formed by welding steel plates.

[0083] Specifically, the locking rod body may include: a first arm L1 and a second arm L2 arranged at a certain angle. The angle may be 90°, and of course the angle may also be an obtuse angle greater than 90° or an acute angle less than 90°. Specifically, the degree of the angle is not specifically limited in this application. The arm lengths of the first arm L1 and the second arm L2 are La and Lb, respectively. The arm lengths of the first arm L1 and the second arm L2 may be determined comprehensively based on the positions and sizes of the various parts that cooperate with the connecting rod mechanism 4.

[0084] The dump body 1 is provided with a first fixed shaft 14; the connecting rod mechanism 4 is provided with a first reaming hole 41 for mounting the first fixed shaft 14. The connecting rod mechanism 4 can rotate around the center of the first reaming hole 41. The first reaming hole 41 can be arranged in the middle of the connecting rod mechanism 4, a first adapter 412 is installed between the first reaming hole 41 and the first fixed shaft 14, and the connecting rod mechanism 4 rotates around the first fixed shaft 14.

[0085] The first adapter 412 may include any one of the following: a self-lubricating sleeve or a bearing. Of course, the specific setting method of the first adapter 412 can also be in other forms, and is not limited to the above description. The technical personnel in the relevant field may make other changes inspired by the technical essence of this application, but as long as the functions and effects achieved are the same or similar to those of this application, they should be included in the protection scope of this application. In the implementation mode of the present application, the first adapter 412 is illustrated by taking a self-lubricating sleeve as an example. A self-lubricating sleeve is installed in the first reamed hole 41, and the self-lubricating sleeve is installed on the first fixed shaft 14 and can rotate relative to the first fixed shaft 14.

[0086] The first arm L1 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end (front end) is a locking end. The locking end may be a fork-shaped structure, which includes: a first side plate 401 and a second side plate 402 arranged opposite to each other at a certain interval, wherein the first side plate 401 and the second side plate 402 are provided with an elongated hole 48. The locking pin 43 is inserted into the elongated hole 48 and can move up and down in the elongated hole 48.

[0087] In this embodiment, the locking end may be a fork-shaped structure, and the locking pin 43 is installed in the elongated hole 48 opened in the two fork-shaped head side plates, and the locking pin 43 can move up and down in the elongated hole 48. Specifically, the elongated hole 48 can extend longitudinally along the first direction (for example, the height direction shown in the figure) as a whole, and its dimension in the first direction can be larger than the outer diameter dimension of the locking pin 43, so as to allow the locking pin 43 to move up and down in the elongated hole 48.

[0088] An elastic damping member is installed at the bottom of the elongated hole 48 , and the locking pin 43 is lifted up by the elastic damping member and contacts the top surface of the elongated hole 48 . When the locking pin 43 is subjected to force, the elastic damping member is compressed, and the locking pin 43 can move downward.

[0089] The elastic damping member may include any one of the following: a spring, a rubber member, or a polyurethane member. Of course, the specific configuration of the elastic damping member may also be in other forms and is not limited to the above description. A person skilled in the art may make other changes based on the technical essence of this application, but as long as the functions and effects achieved are the same or similar to those of this application, they shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, the elastic damping member includes a supporting spring 45, and the locking end also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the supporting spring 45, the limiting mechanism includes a spring bottom plate 46 and a fixing member, and the bottom of the first side plate 401 and the second side plate 402 are provided with an opening 450 for passing the supporting spring 45, one end of the supporting spring 45 abuts against the locking pin shaft 43, and the other end abuts against the spring bottom plate 46, and the spring bottom plate 46 is fixed to the first side plate 401 and the second side plate 402 through the fixing member.

[0091] like Figure 7 As shown, taking the elastic damping member as a supporting spring 45 as an example, an opening 450 for installing the supporting spring 45 is provided at the bottom of the elongated hole 48 of the fork-shaped head side plate (the first side plate 401 and the second side plate 402), and the supporting spring 45 is installed in the opening 450. A spring bottom plate 46 is provided at the bottom of the supporting spring 45, and the spring bottom plate 46 is fixed to the fork-shaped head side plate by a fixing member (such as a bolt 47). The locking pin 43 is lifted up by the supporting springs 45 on both sides and contacts the arc surface at the top of the elongated hole 48. When the locking pin 43 is subjected to force, the supporting spring 45 is compressed, and the locking pin 43 can move downward.

[0092] like Figure 6 As shown, the fourth end (i.e., the front end) of the second arm L2 is equipped with a roller 44, a roller shaft 440, and a second adapter 442 for assembling the roller shaft 440 with the roller 44, and the roller 44 can rotate relative to the roller shaft 440. Specifically, the second adapter 442 can be a self-lubricating sleeve, or other forms such as a bearing, as long as it can ensure that the roller 44 can rotate freely. In this embodiment, the second adapter 442 is mainly illustrated by taking a self-lubricating sleeve as an example. The roller 44 is equipped with a self-lubricating sleeve, and the roller 44 has a rim, which plays a guiding role. The roller 44 is installed in the fixed slide 30 and moves linearly along the slide.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, a mounting plate is provided on the frame 3, the fixed slide 30 is provided on the mounting plate, the roller 44 is provided with rims on both sides along the thickness direction, the spacing between the rims on both sides of the roller 44 is greater than the thickness of the mounting plate, and the rims cooperate with the mounting plate to form a lateral guide mechanism, thereby limiting the roller 44 to perform linear motion on the fixed slide 30.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the fixed slide 30 is a slide that provides constraints for the movement trajectory of the roller 44 , and can be made of a mounting plate (such as a steel plate) and fixed on the dump truck frame 3 .

[0095] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the dump door 2 in a locked state when the dump box is in a horizontal position. At this time, the locking pin 43 at the front end of the first arm L1 is stuck in the slot 21 of the card plate 20 of the dump door 2, and the dump door 2 cannot be opened.

[0096] Fig. 9 This is the situation when the dump box tilts 1°, and this tilting angle is used as an example to explain how the dump box door 2 automatically opens and closes as the dump box tilts and resets.

[0097] Depend on Fig. 9 It can be seen that when the bucket tilts forward around the tilting hinge shaft 15, the bucket door 2 is always vertically downward due to the action of gravity, and the slot 21 on the door is also opened downward. The first fixed axis 14 moves forward and downward along the radius R around the bucket tilting axis, driving the connecting rod mechanism 4 to move. The front end of the second arm L2 is equipped with a roller 44, and the roller 44 is installed in the fixed slide 30. The roller 44 is constrained in the fixed slide 30 and can only move linearly upward, forcing the connecting rod mechanism 4 to rotate along the first fixed axis 14. The locking pin shaft 43 at the front end of the first arm L1 moves downward along the arc of radius R1, allowing the locking pin shaft 43 to gradually disengage from the slot 21. During the disengagement process, the outer surface of the locking pin shaft 43 will contact the edge of the slot 21 within a certain angle range and be squeezed by the slot 21. Fig.10 As shown, since the bottom of the locking pin 43 is equipped with a supporting spring 45, when the locking pin 43 is squeezed by the slot 21, the supporting spring 45 will be compressed, and the locking pin 43 will move downward along the elongated hole 48 to ensure that the locking pin 43 can smoothly escape from the slot 21. When the bucket is reset and tilted back, the movement trajectory of the connecting rod mechanism 4 is opposite to that when it is tipped. When the locking pin 43 is squeezed by the slot 21, it will also move downward along the elongated hole 48, and the locking pin 43 can smoothly slide into the slot 21. When the bucket is reset to the horizontal position, the locking pin 43 completely enters the slot 21, the supporting spring 45 is reset, and the locking pin 43 is lifted up again. The locking pin 43 limits the movement of the slot 21 of the bucket door 2 and locks the bucket door 2.

[0098] Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 The above figures are partial cross-sectional views of the positional relationship between the slot 21 and the locking pin 43 on the dump door 2 when the dump box is tilted by 0.5°, 1.2° and 1.5° respectively. It can be seen from the above figures that as the tilting angle of the dump box increases, the locking pin 43 gradually disengages from the slot 21, and the dump door 2 will automatically open. Conversely, the locking pin 43 enters the slot 21 and the dump door 2 is locked.

[0099] By adjusting the length ratio of the two arms La and Lb of the locking rod and the distance R from the tipping bucket tilting hinge shaft 15 to the first fixed shaft 14, the tilting angle of the locking pin shaft 43 from the slot 21 can be adjusted. The larger the ratio of La / Lb, the smaller the tilting angle of the locking pin shaft 43 from the slot 21. When the ratio of La / Lb is constant and the tipping bucket's tilting angle is <90°, the distance from the tipping bucket tilting hinge shaft 15 to the first fixed shaft 14, i.e. the value of R, can also be adjusted. The larger the ratio of R / lb, the smaller the tilting angle of the locking pin shaft 43 from the slot 21. The length of the fixed slide 30 needs to meet the requirement that when the tipping bucket reaches the required tilting angle, the roller 44 at the front end of the second arm L2 cannot be separated from the fixed slide 30.

[0100] Fig.14 It is a partial cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the latching groove 21 on the dump door 2 and the locking pin 43 when the dump box is tilted at 0°.

[0101] When the bucket has no tilting angle, the locking pin 43 is in a locked state. If the material in the bucket body 1 squeezes the bucket door 2, forcing the bucket door 2 to rotate outward around the top hinge point, thereby giving the bucket door 2 an opening torque, the present application makes a clever association design of the outermost edge of the clamping plate 20, the elongated hole 48 and the maximum compression amount of the supporting spring 45, etc., to ensure that the locking pin 43 is always in an interference state with the clamping plate 20 where the clamping slot 21 is located, and the bucket door 2 will not be forced to open due to the squeezing of the material in the bucket body 1, thereby ensuring the reliability of the locking.

[0102] Depend on Fig.14 It can be seen that the outermost edge of the card plate 20 where the card slot 21 of the dump door 2 is located interferes with the locking pin 43 at a distance of L1. When the dump door 2 is opened, the outermost edge of the card plate 20 (the lowest point can be used as a reference point) moves along the trajectory of R3. When the maximum compression amount of the support spring 45 is L2, L1>L2. In this way, even if the support spring 45 is compressed, the maximum distance the locking pin 43 moves downward is L2. Since L1>L2, the locking pin 43 is always in an interference state with the card plate 20 where the card slot 21 is located, and the dump door 2 cannot be forced to open due to the squeezing of materials in the dump body 1, thereby ensuring the reliability of the locking.

[0103] A vehicle is also provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the vehicle mainly includes the above-mentioned automatic opening and closing device of the dump door 2. The vehicle can achieve the technical effect achieved by the embodiment of the automatic opening and closing device of the dump door 2 by setting the automatic opening and closing device of the dump door 2. For details, please refer to the specific description of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the present application will not repeat them here.

[0104] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects. There is no order of precedence between the two, and they cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0105] The above-mentioned various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0106] The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention. Although the embodiments disclosed by the present invention are as above, the contents are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any technician in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make any modification and change in the form and details of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An automatic opening and closing device for a dump door, characterized in that: The automatic opening and closing device of the dump door comprises: a dump bucket, a frame, and a connecting rod mechanism. The dump bucket comprises a dump bucket body, the dump bucket body comprises a bottom wall, a first side wall arranged around the bottom wall, a second side wall opposite to the first side wall, and a third side wall arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall, a dump bucket door is hingedly arranged at a position opposite to the third side wall; a card slot is arranged on the dump bucket door, and a tilting hinge shaft is arranged at the bottom of the dump bucket body; The frame is provided with a fixed slideway; The connecting rod mechanism comprises: a first arm and a second arm arranged at a certain angle, the first arm having a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end being a locking end, the locking end being provided with a locking pin, the second arm having a third end and a fourth end opposite to each other, the fourth end being provided with a roller, and the roller being installed in the fixed slideway; When the bucket body rotates along the tilting hinge shaft, the connecting rod mechanism as a whole rotates around a predetermined center and can move along a predetermined trajectory with the bucket body, the roller moves linearly in the fixed slideway, and the locking pin shaft can be disengaged from the slot.

2. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping plate is arranged at the lower part of the dump door, and the clamping groove is arranged on the clamping plate. The clamping groove is formed by cutting and intersecting a straight line and an arc line.

3. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dump body is provided with a first fixed shaft; the connecting rod mechanism is provided with a first reamed hole for installing the first fixed shaft, and the connecting rod mechanism rotates around the center of the first reamed hole.

4. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first reamed hole is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod structure, a first adapter is installed between the first reamed hole and the first fixed axis, and the connecting rod mechanism rotates around the first fixed axis.

5. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first adapter comprises any one of the following: a self-lubricating sleeve or a bearing.

6. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking end is in a fork-shaped structure, which includes: a first side plate and a second side plate arranged opposite to each other at a certain interval, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with elongated holes, and the locking pin is inserted into the elongated holes and can move up and down in the elongated holes.

7. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic damping member is installed at the bottom of the elongated hole, and the locking pin is lifted up by the elastic damping member and contacts the top surface of the elongated hole. When the locking pin is subjected to force, the elastic damping member is compressed and the locking pin can move downward.

8. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic damping member includes any one of the following: a spring, a rubber member, and a polyurethane member.

9. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic damping member includes a supporting spring, and the locking end also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the supporting spring, the limiting mechanism includes a spring base plate and a fixing member, the bottom of the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with an opening for passing the supporting spring, one end of the supporting spring abuts against the locking pin shaft, and the other end abuts against the spring base plate, and the spring base plate is fixed to the first side plate and the second side plate through the fixing member.

10. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a mounting plate, the fixed slide is provided on the mounting plate, the roller is provided with rims on both sides along the thickness direction, the spacing between the rims on both sides of the roller is greater than the thickness of the mounting plate, and the rims cooperate with the mounting plate to form a lateral guide mechanism.

11. The automatic opening and closing device for a dump door according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fourth end is also provided with a roller shaft and a second adapter for assembling the roller shaft and the roller, and the roller can rotate relative to the roller shaft.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the automatic opening and closing device for a dump door as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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