Mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device and method of use

Abstract

The application provides a mechanical variable-diameter running tool and a use method thereof. The mechanical variable-diameter running tool comprises a shell, a lower joint and a variable-diameter block. The shell is internally provided with a connecting lock sleeve, a cam rotating shaft and a screw shaft which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The connecting lock sleeve can move up and down along the axial direction. The cam rotating shaft is circumferentially provided with a plurality of grooves. A pin shaft corresponds to each groove. The connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell. The axial movement of the screw shaft drives the circumferential movement of the cam rotating shaft. The axial movement of the screw shaft drives the circumferential movement of the cam rotating device, so that the protrusions of the cam are in contact with the pin shaft. The pin shaft pushes the variable-diameter block to extend out of the shell, so that the variable-diameter is realized. Since the large ratchet between the connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft is in a locked state, it is ensured that no rotation is generated during the variable-diameter process. The tool outer diameter state cycle is realized by throwing balls twice in each cycle. The multiple repeated conversion of the outer diameter is realized. The variable-diameter state of the tool is stably maintained through the mechanical structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of oil drilling downhole tools, and particularly relates to a mechanical variable-diameter running tool and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In directional well, horizontal well and extended reach well drilling and completion operations, running operation is needed, different running drilling assemblies need to be replaced according to different wellbore structures, and multiple running is needed in the case of using rigid centralizers, which greatly reduces operation efficiency and increases drilling cost. Therefore, using downhole variable-diameter tools has become an effective way to improve operation efficiency.

[0003] The State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China announced on September 4, 2018, with announcement number CN1067614708, a patent named a variable-diameter stabilizer. The variable-diameter stabilizer includes a shell, a piston, a sliding sleeve, a conical sleeve arranged at the lower part of the piston, and a centralizer arranged on the shell. The conical sleeve and the centralizer cooperate to realize variable-diameter. This variable-diameter stabilizer can be controlled by the ground to change the diameter. The stabilizer is thrown into the well multiple times at the wellhead, so that the corresponding stabilizer is in an expanded state, achieving the purpose of running the well with different drilling assemblies without drilling. When double or triple centralizers are needed to run the well, the drill string is pulled out to the casing foot, and the double (or triple) running variable-diameter stabilizer is controlled by throwing balls to extend the centralizer, so that single, double or triple centralizers can run the well.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned variable-diameter stabilizer has the following disadvantages: 1. It does not have a running function; 2. The stable variable-diameter state usually needs to keep the mud pump open; 3. The control method uses electric control, which is less stable than pure mechanical structure; 4. The ball-throwing variable-diameter tool is usually disposable, and does not have the function of repeated ball-throwing variable-diameter. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a mechanical variable-diameter running tool to overcome the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] Another object of the present application is to provide a use method of the mechanical variable-diameter running tool, which realizes outer diameter conversion by throwing balls 2 times per cycle, simplifies the operation, has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0007] To this end, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A mechanical variable diameter through the well device, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, the shell and lower joint connection, the lower joint is equipped with ball basket, the shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, thrust lock block is equipped with pressure cap and variable diameter block reset spring, the pressure cap and variable diameter block reset spring connection and pressure cap close to the inside, the variable diameter block is equipped in the shell, the variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower ends are connected with the pressure cap, the variable diameter block can move along the radial direction and extend out of the shell, the variable diameter block is connected with the pin column on the inside;

[0009] The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in turn from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can move up and down along the axial direction, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin shaft corresponds to the groove one by one, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move in the circumferential direction when moving in the axial direction.

[0010] The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged up and down and pass through up and down, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through the positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is equipped with lock sleeve pressure cap spring, the lock sleeve pressure cap spring is equipped with lock sleeve pressure cap, the lock sleeve pressure cap is limited in the shell through the snap spring.

[0011] The claw nut is screw connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is equipped with bearing and claw sleeve reset spring, the cam rotating shaft is equipped with threaded pressure cap, the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded pressure cap.

[0012] The lower part of the screw shaft is equipped with end cap, the end cap is opened with semicircular groove one, the screw shaft is equipped with reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through the positioning pin, the reset spring seat is installed with reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, the reset spring seat is opened with semicircular groove two.

[0013] The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism two, the cam rotating shaft is opened with ring groove, the cam rotating shaft is limited in the shell through the positioning pin.

[0014] The claw sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple keys in the circumferential direction, the cam rotating shaft is equipped with multiple key grooves, the key corresponds to the key groove one by one, the cam rotating shaft limits the claw sleeve through the key connection, the claw sleeve can only move in the axial direction in the cam rotating shaft.

[0015] The screw shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple movement limiting grooves in the circumferential direction, the screw shaft is limited in the shell through the positioning pin.

[0016] A mechanical variable diameter through the well device, using mechanical variable diameter through the well device, including the following steps:

[0017] Step 1) throw the ball into the well, the screw shaft is pushed downward by the throttling pressure difference to compress the reset spring;

[0018] Step 2) the claw nut is rotated circumferentially under the action of the screw connection, at this time, the claw nut and the claw sleeve are in a locking state, the claw nut drives the claw sleeve to rotate synchronously, and the claw sleeve drives the cam rotating shaft to rotate synchronously through the key connection;

[0019] Step 3) the cam rotating shaft rotates, the pin shaft is separated from the groove of the cam rotating shaft, the convex of the cam contacts and pushes the pin shaft, the pin shaft pushes the variable diameter block to move radially, the variable diameter block pushes the compression cap to compress the variable diameter block reset spring, the variable diameter block extends out of the shell, and the large ratchet of the connection lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft is locked, so that the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate, and the tool variable diameter state is maintained;

[0020] Step 4) when the screw shaft moves to the bottom, the semicircular groove one in the end of the screw shaft and the semicircular groove two in the reset spring seat are aligned to form a ball channel, the ball falls into the ball basket after passing through, the throttling pressure difference acting on the screw shaft disappears, and the screw shaft moves upward under the action of the reset spring;

[0021] Step 5) the claw nut is rotated in the opposite direction under the action of the screw connection, the variable diameter is completed, and the maximum outer diameter state is reached.

[0022] When the minimum outer diameter state is needed, the ball is thrown again, the screw shaft is pushed downward by the throttling pressure difference to compress the reset spring, and the cam rotating shaft rotates circumferentially, so that the cam on the cam rotating shaft is turned from the convex to the groove, the variable diameter block reset spring pushes the compression cap to move axially, and the variable diameter block is retracted to reach the minimum outer diameter state.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0024] The mechanical variable diameter well pass-through device provided by the present application realizes variable diameter by the axial movement of the screw shaft to make the cam rotating device rotate circumferentially, so that the convex of the cam contacts the pin shaft, and the variable diameter block extends out of the shell through the pin shaft, and the ratchet mechanism two (large ratchet) between the connection lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft is in a locking state, so that the rotation is prevented during the variable diameter process.

[0025] The present application adds the well passing function to the existing variable diameter stabilizer, and the outer diameter state of the tool is cycled by throwing the ball twice in each cycle, the outer diameter is repeatedly converted, the variable diameter state of the tool is stably maintained through the mechanical structure, the mud pump does not need to be kept open, the operation is simplified, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the drilling time is improved, and the production cost of the drilling site is saved.

[0026] The application can control the outer diameter of the variable-diameter through-well device by throwing balls, achieve the purpose that the outer diameter of the through-well device can be controlled by the ground to change the diameter and use the through-well device with different outer diameter sizes in different well sections, reduce the through-well tripping times, and have higher reliability compared with the stabilizer that changes the diameter through ground electric control. The device has simple structure, convenient operation, and can effectively improve the drilling time efficiency and well team benefit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection lock sleeve structure;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam rotating shaft

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the claw nut;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the claw sleeve;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw shaft;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw shaft end cover;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reset spring seat;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram when the diameter is not changed;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram after the diameter is changed.

[0037] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, connection lock sleeve; 3, cam rotating shaft; 4, cam; 5, ring groove; 6, claw sleeve; 7, claw nut; 8, screw shaft; 9, movement limiting groove; 10, reset spring; 11, ball receiving basket; 12, snap spring; 13, lock sleeve pressing cap; 14, lock sleeve pressing cap spring; 15, thrust lock block; 16, diameter changing block; 17, pin column; 18, pressing cap; 19, diameter changing block reset spring; 20, claw sleeve reset spring; 21, bearing; 22, threaded pressing cap; 23, reset spring seat; 24, end cover; 25, lower connector; 26, movement groove; 27, large ratchet tooth; 28, key; 29, semicircular groove two; 30, inner spiral; 31, small ratchet tooth; 32, outer spiral; 33, semicircular groove one. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so as to provide a thorough and complete disclosure of the present invention and fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, identical elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein (including technical terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, it is understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have the same meanings as those in the context of the relevant fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter well dredge, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a shell 1, a lower joint 25 and a reducing block 16, the shell 1 and the lower joint 25 are connected, the lower joint 25 is provided with a ball receiving basket 11, the outer circumference of the shell 1 is evenly distributed with multiple groups of thrust lock blocks 15, the thrust lock blocks 15 are equipped with a pressure cap 18 and a reducing block return spring 19, the pressure cap 18 and the reducing block return spring 19 are connected and the pressure cap 18 is close to the inside, the reducing block 16 is provided in the shell 1, the reducing block 16 is multiple and its upper and lower ends are connected to the pressure cap 18, the reducing block 16 can move radially out of the shell 1, and the inner side of the reducing block 16 is connected with a pin 17;

[0043] The housing 1 is provided with a connecting locking sleeve 2, a cam rotating shaft 3 and a screw shaft 8 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The connecting locking sleeve 2 can move up and down along the axial direction. The cam rotating shaft 3 has multiple grooves evenly distributed around the circumference. The pins correspond to the grooves one by one. The connecting locking sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 1. When the screw shaft 8 moves axially, it drives the cam rotating shaft 3 to move circumferentially.

[0044] The mechanical variable diameter well dredge provided by the present invention causes the cam 4 rotating device to move circumferentially through the axial movement of the screw shaft 8, so that the protrusion of the cam 4 contacts the pin shaft, and the pin shaft pushes the diameter reducing block 16 out of the housing 1 to achieve diameter change.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through-the-well device, a plurality of movement grooves 26 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting lock sleeve 2, the movement grooves 26 are arranged up and down and penetrate through up and down, the connecting lock sleeve 2 is limited on the shell 1 through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve 2 is provided with a lock sleeve cap spring 14, the lock sleeve cap spring 14 is provided with a lock sleeve cap 13, and the lock sleeve cap 13 is limited in the shell 1 through a snap spring 12. Figure 1 As shown in the figure.

[0047] In the embodiment, two up-and-down penetrating movement grooves 26 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting lock sleeve 2, the connecting lock sleeve 2 is limited on the shell 1 through a positioning pin, and the connecting lock sleeve 2 can only move axially in the shell 1. The lock sleeve cap spring 14 provides axial space for the connecting lock sleeve 2 and keeps the connecting lock sleeve 2 in contact with the cam rotating shaft 3.

[0048] Embodiment 3

[0049] On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through-the-well device, a claw sleeve 6 and a claw nut 7 are arranged in the cam rotating shaft 3 from top to bottom, the claw sleeve 6 and the claw nut 7 are connected through a ratchet mechanism one, the claw nut 7 is screw-connected with a screw shaft 8, the top end of the claw sleeve 6 is provided with a bearing 21 and a claw sleeve reset spring 20, the cam rotating shaft 3 is provided with a threaded cap 22, and the bottom end of the claw nut 7 is limited through the threaded cap 22.

[0050] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 , Figure 5 the ratchet mechanism one is composed of small ratchets arranged on the claw sleeve 6 and the claw nut 7. As shown in the figure, Figure 4 the claw nut 7 is provided with an inner screw 30, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 the screw shaft 8 is provided with an outer screw 32, and the two are linked through threads. The claw sleeve reset spring 20 provides axial movement space for the claw nut 7 when the screw shaft 8 drives the claw nut 7 to rotate in the non-locking direction of the ratchet mechanism one, keeps the claw nut 7 in contact with the claw sleeve 6, and keeps the integrity of the ratchet mechanism one.

[0051] Embodiment 4

[0052] On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through-the-well device, the screw shaft 8 is provided with a head 24, the head 24 is provided with a semicircular groove one 33, the screw shaft 8 is provided with a reset spring seat 23, the reset spring seat 23 is fixed on the shell 1 through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat 23 is provided with a reset spring 10, the reset spring 10 is sleeved on the screw shaft 8, and the reset spring seat 23 is provided with a semicircular groove two 29.

[0053] The head 24 is as shown in the figure. Figure 7As shown, the reset spring seat 23 is like Figure 8 As shown, the screw shaft 8 moves downward, when the head 24 is inserted into the reset spring seat 23, the semicircular groove one 33 is aligned with the semicircular groove two 29, and the ball can pass through.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] On the basis of example 1, this embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through the well device, the connecting lock sleeve 2 and the cam rotating shaft 3 are connected through the ratchet mechanism two, the cam rotating shaft 3 is provided with a ring groove 5, and the cam rotating shaft 3 is limited on the shell 1 through the positioning pin.

[0056] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 And Figure 3 As shown, the ratchet mechanism two is composed of large ratchets arranged on the connecting lock sleeve 2 and the cam rotating shaft 3. During the circumferential movement of the cam rotating shaft 3, the ratchet mechanism two is in the locked state, which ensures that no rotation occurs during the variable diameter process.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] On the basis of example 1, this embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through the well device, as shown in the figure, Figure 5 As shown, the pawl sleeve 6 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of keys 28 on the outer periphery, the cam rotating shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of key grooves, the keys 28 and the key grooves one-to-one correspond, the cam rotating shaft 3 is limited to the pawl sleeve 6 through the key connection, and the pawl sleeve 6 can only move axially in the cam rotating shaft 3.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] On the basis of example 1, this embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through the well device, the screw shaft 8 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of movement limiting grooves 9, and the screw shaft 8 is limited on the shell 1 through the positioning pin.

[0061] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 As shown, the movement limiting groove 9 makes the screw shaft 8 only move axially in the shell 1.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] On the basis of example 1, this embodiment provides a mechanical variable diameter through the well device, as shown in the figure, Figure 1As shown, including the shell 1, the shell 1 outside three evenly distributed thrust block 15 thread connection, play a limiting effect on the variable block 16, thrust block 15 inside the cap 18 and variable block reset spring 19; Shell 1 is provided with cam rotating shaft 3 and variable block 16, variable block 16 on the pin 17. Cam rotating shaft 3 upper end connection lock sleeve 2, cam rotating shaft 3 is provided with claw nut 7 and claw sleeve 6, claw nut 7 and screw shaft 8 are screw pair connection, screw shaft 8 and reset spring seat 23 between reset spring 10. Shell 1 is connected with the lower connector 25, the lower connector 25 is provided with ball basket 11.

[0064] Connecting lock sleeve 2 circumferentially evenly distributed two upper and lower through movement groove 26, by the positioning pin limit in the shell 1, connecting lock sleeve 2 can only move axially in the shell 1. Cam rotating shaft 3 is provided with ring groove 5, by the positioning pin limit in the shell 1, cam rotating shaft 3 can only rotate circumferentially in the shell 1. Screw shaft 8 circumferentially evenly distributed three incomplete through movement limiting groove 9, by the positioning pin limit in the shell 1, screw shaft 8 can only move axially in the shell 1. Claw sleeve 6 circumferentially evenly distributed six keys 28, cam rotating shaft 3 hole is provided with six key grooves, cam rotating shaft 3 is connected by key to limit claw sleeve 6, claw sleeve 6 can only move axially in cam rotating shaft 3.

[0065] After throwing the ball, the screw shaft 8 is axially moved downward under the throttle thrust, drives the cam rotating shaft 3 to rotate circumferentially to the maximum outer diameter of the cam rotating shaft 3 cam 4, pushes the pin 17, and then pushes the variable block 16, to achieve the purpose of variable diameter, the large ratchet 27 locking makes the cam rotating shaft 3 unable to rotate, keeping the tool variable diameter state; When the screw shaft 8 moves to the lowermost end, the ball falls into the ball basket 11 through the aligned semicircular groove one 33 and semicircular groove two 29, and the screw shaft 8 is restored to its original position under the thrust of the reset spring 10, and the remaining structure is locked by the small ratchet 31 and does not move. After throwing the ball again, the above-mentioned action is repeated, and the variable block 16 is retracted. When the ball reaches the screw shaft 8 head 24 and falls into the ball basket 11, pressure change will occur, and the well operator can determine the variable diameter state of the tool by the change of pump pressure.

[0066] The working process and principle of the present application:

[0067] When the assembly is completed, the tool is in the initial state, as shown in Figure 9 At this time, the screw shaft 8 is kept at the highest position by the thrust of the reset spring 10. The pin shaft is in the cam 4 groove of the cam rotating shaft 3, the cap 18 is pressed against the variable block 16 by the thrust of the variable block reset spring 19, so that the tool keeps the minimum outer diameter state.

[0068] When the first ball is thrown, the ball is thrown to the right position and the head 24 of the screw shaft 8 is seated, the screw shaft 8 is subjected to the thrust of the throttling pressure difference and moves axially downward to compress the reset spring 10, the claw nut 7 is subjected to the action of the screw connection and rotates circumferentially, at this time, the claw nut 7 and the small ratchet teeth 31 of the claw sleeve 6 are in the locked state, the claw nut 7 drives the claw sleeve 6 to rotate synchronously, the claw sleeve 6 drives the cam rotating shaft 3 to rotate synchronously through the key connection, the cam 4 on the cam rotating shaft 3 is turned from the groove to the convex position, the pin shaft is pushed to move radially, the pin shaft pushes the variable diameter block 16 to move radially and extend, the compression cap 18 compresses the variable diameter block reset spring 19, the large ratchet teeth 27 between the connecting lock sleeve 2 and the cam rotating shaft 3 are in the locked state, and the cam rotating shaft 3 is prevented from rotating. When the screw shaft 8 moves to the bottom limit, the semicircular groove of the screw shaft 8 head 24 is aligned with the semicircular groove two 29 of the reset spring seat 23, the ball thrown through the aligned groove falls into the ball basket 11, at this time, the throttling pressure difference acting on the screw shaft 8 disappears, the screw shaft 8 is subjected to the thrust of the reset spring 10 and moves axially upward, the claw nut 7 is subjected to the action of the screw connection and rotates in the opposite direction, at this time, the claw nut 7 and the small ratchet teeth 31 of the claw sleeve 6 are in the working state, and the claw nut 7 does not drive the remaining parts to move. At this time, the tool successfully changes the diameter and reaches the maximum outer diameter state, as shown in Figure 10

[0069] When the second ball is thrown, the parts repeat the above movement, the cam 4 on the cam rotating shaft 3 is turned from the convex position to the groove, the variable diameter block reset spring 19 pushes the compression cap 18, the compression cap 18 pushes the variable diameter block 16 to move axially and retract, the large ratchet teeth 27 between the connecting lock sleeve 2 and the cam rotating shaft 3 are in the locked state, and the cam rotating shaft 3 is prevented from rotating. At this time, the tool successfully changes the diameter again and reaches the minimum outer diameter state, as shown in Figure 9

[0070] The mechanical variable diameter through well device realizes outer diameter conversion through 2 times of ball throwing in each cycle, simplifies the operation, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, and improves the drilling efficiency.

[0071] Example 9

[0072] The embodiment provides a use method of a mechanical variable diameter through well device, adopts the mechanical variable diameter through well device, and comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step 1) throwing a ball into the through well device, the screw shaft 8 is subjected to the thrust of the throttling pressure difference and moves axially downward to compress the reset spring 10;

[0074] Step 2) the claw nut 7 is subjected to the action of the screw connection and rotates circumferentially, at this time, the claw nut 7 and the claw sleeve 6 are in the locked state, the claw nut 7 drives the claw sleeve 6 to rotate synchronously, and the claw sleeve 6 drives the cam rotating shaft 3 to rotate synchronously through the key connection; ​​

[0075] Step 3) Cam rotating shaft 3 rotates, pin shaft is disengaged from the groove of cam rotating shaft 3, the convex of cam 4 contacts and pushes pin shaft, pin shaft pushes variable diameter block 16 to do radial movement, variable diameter block 16 pushes cap 18 to compress variable diameter block return spring 19, variable diameter block 16 extends out of shell 1, large ratchet 27 of connecting lock sleeve 2 and cam rotating shaft 3 is locked, cam rotating shaft 3 cannot rotate, the tool variable diameter state is maintained;

[0076] Step 4) When screw shaft 8 moves to the bottom, semicircular groove one 33 in the head 24 of screw shaft 8 is aligned with semicircular groove two 29 in the return spring seat 23 to form a ball channel, the ball falls into the ball basket 11 after passing through, the throttling pressure difference acting on the screw shaft 8 disappears, the screw shaft 8 does upward axial movement under the thrust of return spring 10;

[0077] Step 5) Claw nut 7 does reverse circumferential rotation under the action of screw connection, variable diameter is completed, and the maximum outer diameter state is reached.

[0078] When the minimum outer diameter state is needed, the ball is thrown again, the screw shaft 8 does downward axial movement under the thrust of throttling pressure difference to compress return spring 10, at the same time, cam rotating shaft 3 rotates circumferentially, so that cam 4 on cam rotating shaft 3 is turned from convex to groove, variable diameter block return spring 19 generates thrust on cap 18, cap 18 pushes variable diameter block 16 to do axial movement to retract, and the minimum outer diameter state is reached.

[0079] The above examples are only illustrative of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application, any design identical or similar to the present application belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well tool, characterized by: The utility model relates to a variable diameter tool, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, shell and lower joint connect, be equipped with ball basket in lower joint, the periphery of shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, is equipped with compression cap and variable diameter block return spring in thrust lock block, compression cap and variable diameter block return spring connect and compression cap lean in, variable diameter block is equipped with in shell, variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower both ends all are connected with compression cap, variable diameter block can move along the radial and stretch out shell outside, the inner side of variable diameter block is connected with pin column, The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can only move axially, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin column and the groove are one-to-one correspondence, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move circumferentially when moving axially; The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism, and the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate; The lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a head, the head is provided with a semicircular groove one, the lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat is provided with a reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, and the reset spring seat is provided with a semicircular groove two.

2. A mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well tool according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged above and below and are through, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap spring, the lock sleeve compression cap spring is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap, and the lock sleeve compression cap is limited in the shell through a snap spring.

3. The mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device of claim 1, wherein: The cam rotating shaft is provided with a claw sleeve and a claw nut from top to bottom, the claw sleeve and the claw nut are connected through the ratchet mechanism, the claw nut is screw-connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is provided with a bearing and a claw sleeve return spring, the cam rotating shaft is provided with a threaded compression cap, and the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded compression cap.

4. The mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device of claim 1, wherein: The cam rotating shaft is provided with a ring groove, and the cam rotating shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin.

5. The mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device of claim 3, wherein: The claw sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple keys on the periphery, the cam rotating shaft is provided with multiple key grooves, the keys and the key grooves are one-to-one correspondence, the cam rotating shaft is limited to the claw sleeve through the key connection, and the claw sleeve can only move axially in the cam rotating shaft.

6. The mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device of claim 1, wherein: The screw shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple movement limiting grooves, and the screw shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin.

7. The method of using a mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device of claim 5, wherein, The utility model relates to a variable diameter tool, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, shell and lower joint connect, be equipped with ball basket in lower joint, the periphery of shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, is equipped with compression cap and variable diameter block return spring in thrust lock block, compression cap and variable diameter block return spring connect and compression cap lean in, variable diameter block is equipped with in shell, variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower both ends all are connected with compression cap, variable diameter block can move along the radial and stretch out shell outside, the inner side of variable diameter block is connected with pin column, The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can only move axially, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin column and the groove are one-to-one correspondence, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move circumferentially when moving axially; The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism, and the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate; The lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a head, the head is provided with a semicircular groove one, the lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat is provided with a reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, and the reset spring seat is provided with a semicircular groove two. The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged above and below and are through, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap spring, the lock sleeve compression cap spring is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap, and the lock sleeve compression cap is limited in the shell through a snap spring. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a claw sleeve and a claw nut from top to bottom, the claw sleeve and the claw nut are connected through the ratchet mechanism, the claw nut is screw-connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is provided with a bearing and a claw sleeve return spring, the cam rotating shaft is provided with a threaded compression cap, and the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded compression cap. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a ring groove, and the cam rotating shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The claw sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple keys on the periphery, the cam rotating shaft is provided with multiple key grooves, the keys and the key grooves are one-to-one correspondence, the cam rotating shaft is limited to the claw sleeve through the key connection, and the claw sleeve can only move axially in the cam rotating shaft. The screw shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple movement limiting grooves, and the screw shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The utility model relates to a variable diameter tool, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, shell and lower joint connect, be equipped with ball basket in lower joint, the periphery of shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, is equipped with compression cap and variable diameter block return spring in thrust lock block, compression cap and variable diameter block return spring connect and compression cap lean in, variable diameter block is equipped with in shell, variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower both ends all are connected with compression cap, variable diameter block can move along the radial and stretch out shell outside, the inner side of variable diameter block is connected with pin column, The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can only move axially, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin column and the groove are one-to-one correspondence, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move circumferentially when moving axially; The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism, and the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate; The lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a head, the head is provided with a semicircular groove one, the lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat is provided with a reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, and the reset spring seat is provided with a semicircular groove two. The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged above and below and are through, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap spring, the lock sleeve compression cap spring is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap, and the lock sleeve compression cap is limited in the shell through a snap spring. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a claw sleeve and a claw nut from top to bottom, the claw sleeve and the claw nut are connected through the ratchet mechanism, the claw nut is screw-connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is provided with a bearing and a claw sleeve return spring, the cam rotating shaft is provided with a threaded compression cap, and the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded compression cap. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a ring groove, and the cam rotating shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The claw sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple keys on the periphery, the cam rotating shaft is provided with multiple key grooves, the keys and the key grooves are one-to-one correspondence, the cam rotating shaft is limited to the claw sleeve through the key connection, and the claw sleeve can only move axially in the cam rotating shaft. The screw shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple movement limiting grooves, and the screw shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The utility model relates to a variable diameter tool, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, shell and lower joint connect, be equipped with ball basket in lower joint, the periphery of shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, is equipped with compression cap and variable diameter block return spring in thrust lock block, compression cap and variable diameter block return spring connect and compression cap lean in, variable diameter block is equipped with in shell, variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower both ends all are connected with compression cap, variable diameter block can move along the radial and stretch out shell outside, the inner side of variable diameter block is connected with pin column, The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can only move axially, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin column and the groove are one-to-one correspondence, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move circumferentially when moving axially; The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism, and the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate; The lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a head, the head is provided with a semicircular groove one, the lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat is provided with a reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, and the reset spring seat is provided with a semicircular groove two. The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged above and below and are through, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap spring, the lock sleeve compression cap spring is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap, and the lock sleeve compression cap is limited in the shell through a snap spring. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a claw sleeve and a claw nut from top to bottom, the claw sleeve and the claw nut are connected through the ratchet mechanism, the claw nut is screw-connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is provided with a bearing and a claw sleeve return spring, the cam rotating shaft is provided with a threaded compression cap, and the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded compression cap. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a ring groove, and the cam rotating shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The claw sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple keys on the periphery, the cam rotating shaft is provided with multiple key grooves, the keys and the key grooves are one-to-one correspondence, the cam rotating shaft is limited to the claw sleeve through the key connection, and the claw sleeve can only move axially in the cam rotating shaft. The screw shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple movement limiting grooves, and the screw shaft is limited in the shell through a positioning pin. The utility model relates to a variable diameter tool, including shell, lower joint and variable diameter block, shell and lower joint connect, be equipped with ball basket in lower joint, the periphery of shell is uniformly distributed with multiple sets of thrust lock block, is equipped with compression cap and variable diameter block return spring in thrust lock block, compression cap and variable diameter block return spring connect and compression cap lean in, variable diameter block is equipped with in shell, variable diameter block is multiple and its upper and lower both ends all are connected with compression cap, variable diameter block can move along the radial and stretch out shell outside, the inner side of variable diameter block is connected with pin column, The shell is equipped with connecting lock sleeve, cam rotating shaft and screw shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting lock sleeve can only move axially, the cam rotating shaft is uniformly distributed with multiple grooves, the pin column and the groove are one-to-one correspondence, the connecting lock sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell, the screw shaft drives the cam rotating shaft to move circumferentially when moving axially; The connecting lock sleeve and the cam rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet mechanism, and the cam rotating shaft cannot rotate; The lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a head, the head is provided with a semicircular groove one, the lower part of the screw shaft is provided with a reset spring seat, the reset spring seat is fixed on the shell through a positioning pin, the reset spring seat is provided with a reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the screw shaft, and the reset spring seat is provided with a semicircular groove two. The connecting lock sleeve is uniformly distributed with multiple movement grooves, the movement grooves are arranged above and below and are through, the connecting lock sleeve is limited on the shell through a positioning pin, the connecting lock sleeve is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap spring, the lock sleeve compression cap spring is provided with a lock sleeve compression cap, and the lock sleeve compression cap is limited in the shell through a snap spring. The cam rotating shaft is provided with a claw sleeve and a claw nut from top to bottom, the claw sleeve and the claw nut are connected through the ratchet mechanism, the claw nut is screw-connected with the screw shaft, the top end of the claw sleeve is provided with a bearing and a claw sleeve return spring, the cam rotating shaft is provided with a threaded compression cap, and the bottom end of the claw nut is limited through the threaded compression cap Step 4) When the screw shaft moves to the bottom, the semicircular groove one in the screw shaft head aligns with the semicircular groove two in the reset spring seat to form a ball channel, the ball falls into the ball basket after passing through, the throttling pressure difference thrust acting on the screw shaft disappears, and the screw shaft moves upward under the thrust of the reset spring; Step 5) The claw nut rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the screw connection, the diameter changes, and the maximum outer diameter state is reached.

8. The method of using a mechanical variable-gauge through-the-well device according to claim 7, wherein: When the minimum outer diameter state is needed, the ball is thrown again, the screw shaft moves downward under the throttling pressure difference thrust to compress the reset spring, the cam rotating shaft rotates in the circumferential direction, the cam on the cam rotating shaft rotates from the convex part to the groove, the reset spring of the diameter changing block generates a thrust on the pressure cap, the pressure cap pushes the diameter changing block to move axially and retract, and the minimum outer diameter state is reached.

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