Control method of solar water heater

Abstract

The invention provides a solar water heater control method which comprises the steps that the temperature of a water tank of a solar water heater is obtained; whether the water tank temperature is smaller than a heat preservation opening set value or not is determined; if the temperature of the water tank is smaller than the heat preservation starting set value, the solar water heater is heated through an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode which are started at the same time; and if the temperature of the water tank is larger than or equal to the heat preservation starting set value, the solar water heater is heated in the started solar heating mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water heaters, and in particular to a control method for a solar water heater. Background Art

[0002] Water heaters are one of the common household appliances in our daily life. They can provide us with hot water to meet our daily needs of bathing, washing dishes, etc. The working principle of water heaters is to use electrical energy to convert thermal energy into hot water. In the design and selection process of water heaters, it is necessary to calculate the electric heat of water heaters to ensure that they can meet the user's hot water needs.

[0003] At present, only the solar heating mode or the electric heating mode can be selected for heating, and the energy switching method of the two heating modes is too single. Therefore, the intelligence level of existing solar water heaters needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to at least provide a control method for a solar water heater, so as to improve the intelligence level of the solar water heater.

[0005] This application mainly includes the following aspects: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a solar water heater, the method comprising: Get the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; Determine whether the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value; If the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously starting the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode; If the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode.

[0006] In a possible implementation manner, obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater includes: Obtaining the temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor of the solar water heater; The temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor are averaged to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0007] In a possible implementation, heating the solar water heater by turning on the solar heating mode includes: Obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater and the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is greater than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation start temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned on; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is lower than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation stop temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off; Wherein, the cycle start temperature is higher than the cycle stop temperature.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: If the running time of the circulation pump exceeds a preset value, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, heating the solar water heater by simultaneously starting an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode includes: In the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode, the rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity; Calculating the temperature difference between the target temperature value and the rising temperature value; Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; In the next time period, the solar water heater is heated according to the heating power.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the method of predicting the rising temperature value of water used in the water tank in the next time period according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity includes: Predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period based on the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater; The rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0011] In a possible implementation, predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period based on the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the ambient temperature, the collector efficiency, the solar radiation intensity and the length of the time period includes: Converting the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater into a feature vector at the current moment; The feature vector at the current moment and the feature vectors at N previous historical moments are input into the absorbed heat prediction model to obtain the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the next time period.

[0012] In a possible implementation, predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater includes: By fitting the formula Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period; in, is the heating power of the solar water heater, is the temperature difference, is the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, is the fitting coefficient.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a control device for a solar water heater, the device comprising: An acquisition module is used to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; A determination module, used to determine whether the water tank temperature is less than a heat preservation start setting value; An opening module is used to heat the solar water heater by simultaneously opening an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation opening setting value; The opening module is also used to heat the solar water heater by turning on the solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation opening setting value.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a solar water heater, comprising: a heat pump unit, a water tank, a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program; when the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, the control method of the solar water heater of the first aspect mentioned above is implemented to control the heat pump unit; the heat pump unit is used to heat the water in the water tank.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate through the bus, and the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor to execute the steps of the control method of the solar water heater described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method of the solar water heater described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect are executed.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a solar water heater, firstly obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; then determining whether the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value; if the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously turning on the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode; if the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode. Compared with the current situation where only the solar heating mode or the electric heating mode can be selected for heating, the present application automatically turns on the electric heating mode based on the comparison result between the water tank temperature and the message start setting value, thereby improving the intelligence of the solar water heater and saving the electricity cost of the solar water heater through its own application.

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a control method for a solar water heater provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a control device for a solar water heater provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of explanation and description and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn in real proportion. The flowchart used in this application shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart can be implemented out of sequence, and the steps without logical context can be reversed in order or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the content of the present application, can add one or more other operations to the flowchart, or remove one or more operations from the flowchart.

[0022] In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of a control method for a solar water heater provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising the following steps: S101, obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0024] Specifically, the method of obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater includes: obtaining the temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor of the solar water heater; averaging the temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0025] S102, determining whether the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value.

[0026] The keep warm start setting value may be a fixed temperature value or a user-defined temperature value. The keep warm start setting value may be 5°C, 8°C, 10°C, etc. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0027] S103, if the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously starting the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode.

[0028] It should be noted that this embodiment continuously and preferentially uses the solar heating mode to heat the solar water heater to ensure energy-saving use of solar energy. If the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode that are turned on at the same time, thereby ensuring the supply of hot water in the solar water heater.

[0029] In an optional embodiment provided in the present application, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously starting an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode, comprising: S1031, in the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode, predict the rising temperature value of the water in the water tank in the next time period according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity.

[0030] Specifically, the method predicts the rising temperature value of water used in the water tank in the next time period according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity, including: S10311, predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period based on the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater; The method predicts the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the next time period by using the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater, including: converting the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater into a feature vector at the current moment; inputting the feature vector at the current moment and the feature vectors of N previous historical moments into an absorbed heat prediction model to obtain the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the next time period.

[0031] It should be noted that the heat absorption prediction model in this embodiment is a pre-trained time prediction model. The trained heat absorption prediction model can predict the heat absorption of the solar water heater in the next time period, so as to calculate the rising temperature value of the user's water tank of the solar water heater in the next time period based on the predicted absorbed heat.

[0032] The training process of the heat absorption prediction model is: obtaining sample data and sample labels, wherein the sample data includes sample feature vectors of N+1 consecutive historical time periods, and the sample feature vectors are determined by the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the solar water heater in the N+1 time period; the sample label is the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the N+2th time period.

[0033] S10312, predicting the rising temperature value of the water in the water tank in the next time period according to the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0034] Specifically, this embodiment can input the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater into the temperature prediction model to obtain the rising temperature value of the water in the water tank in the next time period.

[0035] Among them, the temperature prediction model is used to predict the rising temperature value of the user in the water tank. It is a neural network model obtained by training based on a large amount of sample data. In this embodiment, after the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater are input into the temperature prediction model, the feature extraction layer is first used to extract features to obtain a feature vector matrix, which contains the feature vectors corresponding to the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater. Then, the feature vector matrix is ​​input into the convolution layer, the hidden layer, and the output layer for calculation, and finally the rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted.

[0036] S1032, calculating the temperature difference between the target temperature value and the rising temperature value.

[0037] The target temperature value is the temperature value that the user expects to rise to, which can be set according to actual usage, and the target temperature value can be 28° C., 30° C., etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0038] S1033: predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0039] In this embodiment, the prediction of the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period based on the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater includes: Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period; wherein, is the heating power of the solar water heater, is the temperature difference, is the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, is the fitting coefficient.

[0040] It should be noted that the fitting formula in this embodiment is obtained by fitting based on historical data, that is, the relevant fitting coefficients are calculated through historical data, and then the obtained temperature difference and water tank temperature are input into the fitting formula to obtain the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period.

[0041] S1034: In the next time period, the solar water heater is heated according to the heating power.

[0042] S104: If the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode.

[0043] In an optional embodiment provided in the present application, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode, comprising: obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater and the collection temperature of the solar water heater; when the collection temperature of the solar water heater is greater than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation start temperature, turning on the circulation pump of the solar water heater; when the collection temperature of the solar water heater is lower than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation stop temperature, turning off the circulation pump of the solar water heater.

[0044] Among them, the circulation start temperature is higher than the circulation stop temperature. The circulation start temperature can be 8°C, and the circulation stop temperature can be 2°C. If the running time of the circulation pump exceeds the preset value, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off. In this embodiment, the solar heating mode is continuously and preferentially used for heating to ensure energy-saving use of solar energy. According to the temperature difference coefficient, the heat circulation mechanism is started. When the heat collection temperature is greater than the water tank temperature to the circulation start temperature of 8°C, the circulation pump is turned on; conversely, when the heat collection temperature is greater than the water tank temperature to the circulation stop temperature of 2°C, or the temperature difference circulation start time has reached 20 minutes, the circulation pump is turned off, and after 5 minutes, the heat collection temperature is detected again to see if it is greater than the circulation start temperature, and the previous condition is repeated.

[0045] The embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a solar water heater, firstly obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; then determining whether the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value; if the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously turning on the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode; if the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode. Compared with the current situation where only the solar heating mode or the electric heating mode can be selected for heating, the present application automatically turns on the electric heating mode based on the comparison result between the water tank temperature and the message start setting value, thereby improving the intelligence of the solar water heater and saving the electricity cost of the solar water heater through its own application.

[0046] In the case of dividing each functional module into corresponding functional modules, Figure 2 A possible schematic diagram of the composition of the control device of the solar water heater involved in the above and embodiments is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the control device of the solar water heater may include: An acquisition module 21 is used to acquire the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; A determination module 22, used to determine whether the water tank temperature is less than a heat preservation start setting value; The opening module 23 is used to heat the solar water heater by simultaneously opening the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation opening setting value; The opening module 23 is also used to heat the solar water heater by turning on the solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation opening setting value.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 21 is specifically configured to: Obtaining the temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor of the solar water heater; The temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor are averaged to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is specifically used to: Obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater and the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is greater than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation start temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned on; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is lower than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation stop temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off; Wherein, the cycle start temperature is higher than the cycle stop temperature.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is further configured to: If the running time of the circulation pump exceeds a preset value, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is specifically used to: In the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode, the rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity; Calculating the temperature difference between the target temperature value and the rising temperature value; Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; In the next time period, the solar water heater is heated according to the heating power.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is specifically used to: Predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period based on the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater; The rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is specifically used to: Converting the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater into a feature vector at the current moment; The feature vector at the current moment and the feature vectors at N previous historical moments are input into the absorbed heat prediction model to obtain the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the next time period.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the start module 23 is specifically used to: By fitting the formula Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period; wherein, is the heating power of the solar water heater, is the temperature difference, is the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, is the fitting coefficient.

[0054] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system and device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0055] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0056] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0057] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0058] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a solar water heater, characterized in that: The method comprises: Get the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; Determine whether the water tank temperature is less than the insulation start setting value; If the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by simultaneously starting the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode; If the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation start setting value, the solar water heater is heated by turning on the solar heating mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater comprises: Obtaining the temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor of the solar water heater; The temperature value of the middle temperature sensor and the temperature value of the lower temperature sensor are averaged to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of heating the solar water heater by turning on the solar heating mode includes: Obtaining the water tank temperature of the solar water heater and the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is greater than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation start temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned on; When the heat collection temperature of the solar water heater is lower than the water tank temperature of the solar water heater to the circulation stop temperature, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off; Wherein, the cycle start temperature is higher than the cycle stop temperature.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the running time of the circulation pump exceeds a preset value, the circulation pump of the solar water heater is turned off.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of heating the solar water heater by simultaneously starting an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode comprises: In the electric heating mode and the solar heating mode, the rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity; Calculating the temperature difference between the target temperature value and the rising temperature value; Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; In the next time period, the solar water heater is heated according to the heating power.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method predicts the rising temperature value of water used in the water tank in the next time period according to the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the receiving area of ​​the solar water heater, the collector efficiency, the ambient temperature, and the solar radiation intensity, including: Predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period based on the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater; The rising temperature value of the water used in the water tank in the next time period is predicted according to the absorbed heat of the solar water heater, the water tank capacity of the solar water heater, the specific heat capacity of water, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method of predicting the amount of heat absorbed by the solar water heater in the next time period by using the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and the length of the time period of the solar water heater comprises: Converting the receiving area, ambient temperature, collector efficiency, solar radiation intensity and length of the time period of the solar water heater into a feature vector at the current moment; The feature vector at the current moment and the feature vectors at N previous historical moments are input into the absorbed heat prediction model to obtain the absorbed heat of the solar water heater in the next time period.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method of predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period according to the temperature difference, the water flow data of the solar water heater, and the water tank temperature of the solar water heater comprises: By fitting the formula Predicting the heating power of the solar water heater in the next time period; in, is the heating power of the solar water heater, is the temperature difference, is the water tank temperature of the solar water heater, is the fitting coefficient.

9. A control device for a solar water heater, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to obtain the water tank temperature of the solar water heater; A determination module, used to determine whether the water tank temperature is less than a heat preservation start setting value; An opening module is used to heat the solar water heater by simultaneously opening an electric heating mode and a solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is lower than the insulation opening setting value; The opening module is also used to heat the solar water heater by turning on the solar heating mode if the water tank temperature is greater than or equal to the insulation opening setting value.

10. A solar water heater, characterized in that: The solar water heater comprises: a heat pump unit, a water tank, a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program; when the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the control method of the solar water heater described in any one of claims 1 to 8 to control the heat pump unit; the heat pump unit is used to heat the water in the water tank.

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