High-temperature lava heat recovery method and heat recovery system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature lava heat recovery method and system, and the recovery method comprises the following steps: introducing a high-temperature slag flow and a heat exchange medium into a mixing tank, and enabling the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium to be impacted and mixed in the mixing tank; the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium flow along the mixing tank through gravity, the high-temperature slag flow is cooled to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is larger than that of the solid particles; a slag skimmer is arranged in the mixing tank, a slag discharging facility is arranged on the side, close to the slag skimmer, of the mixing tank, and the solid particles are blocked through the slag skimmer so that the solid particles can flow to the slag discharging facility; a heat exchange pool is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank, the heat exchange medium with the solid particles separated out flows into the heat exchange pool, and heat of the heat exchange medium is recycled through the heat exchange pool; and the heat exchange medium of which the heat is recovered in the heat exchange pool is conveyed into the mixing tank through the conveying device. The heat exchange efficiency and the heat recovery effect can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, and in particular to a high-temperature lava heat recovery method and a heat recovery system. Background Art

[0002] In the pyrometallurgical production process, not only valuable liquid metals are produced, but also molten high-temperature lava (also known as slag). This lava can be properly processed into solid slag particles, which can be used in cement production and other fields.

[0003] At present, the method of water quenching and rapid cooling is widely used to treat this kind of lava. Since the lava cools quickly during the water quenching process, solid slag particles with a high vitrification rate are formed, which are called water slag. Water slag is one of the raw materials used to produce cement, but in this process, a large amount of sensible heat contained in the lava is wasted. In addition, during the lava water quenching process, a large amount of water resources are consumed, and a large amount of steam is generated and discharged into the atmosphere. These steams contain a large amount of harmful substances, which pollute the atmosphere. It is not only harmful to human health, but also easy to cause corrosion of surrounding structures and other problems. In addition to the water quenching method, there is a method of using liquid metal as a refrigerant to perform non-contact heat exchange cooling and granulation with lava. In this method, the heat exchange area between the lava and the refrigerant is small and the heat transfer efficiency is low. Due to the slow cooling rate of the lava, solid particles with a high vitrification rate cannot be formed, which is not conducive to application in cement production and other fields.

[0004] In the related art, the patent with authorization announcement number CN108611453B discloses a device for recovering heat from high-temperature slag, which is used to recover the heat of slag flowing out of a high-temperature furnace. The device includes a slag conveying device, and the slag conveying device is used to convey the slag flowing out of the high-temperature furnace to a slag pool; the slag pool is used to accommodate the slag flowing out of the high-temperature furnace and convey the slag to a lead liquid pool connected to the slag pool; a heat transfer pipe is arranged at the bottom of the lead liquid pool, and a heat resistor is used to connect the heat transfer pipe and the lead liquid pool as a whole, and a heat transfer medium is arranged in the heat transfer pipe; a solid slag liquid conveying device is used to convey the solid slag cooled by the lead liquid pool; a protective gas device is arranged above the slag pool and the lead liquid pool, and a heat exchange device is connected to the heat transfer pipe arranged at the bottom of the lead liquid pool, and is used to convey the heat transfer medium to the heat exchange device.

[0005] At the same time, the patent with the authorization announcement number CN104962670B discloses a method for recovering waste heat from molten slag, including the following steps: injecting high-temperature molten slag into a heat recovery pool, the molten slag is mixed with the low-melting-point metal liquid in the heat recovery pool and is quickly cooled into solid slag; the molten slag and the low-melting-point metal liquid realize rapid heat transfer, and the solid slag floats to form a slag layer, and the slag is discharged intermittently or continuously; the vaporization cooling device set in the heat recovery pool absorbs the heat of the low-melting-point metal liquid to vaporize the liquid in the sealed pipeline, and the formed steam is recycled. The method for recovering waste heat from molten slag proposed by the present invention solves the problems of high power consumption, high difficulty in heat recovery, low heat recovery efficiency, and difficulty in utilizing molten slag after heat recovery in the wind quenching method and the rotary cup method.

[0006] In the above-mentioned related technologies, the slag is mixed with the molten metal, the molten metal is used to quickly cool the slag, and the heat of the molten metal is subsequently recovered by a recovery device. However, the above-mentioned mixing is all carried out in a heat recovery pool. The slag has a low density and is easy to float above the molten metal, resulting in insufficient mixing of the slag and the molten metal, and poor heat exchange effect. In addition, the slag needs to be completely cooled to form solid particles, and then the solid particles are separated, otherwise the formed solid particles are easy to mix with the slag, and it is difficult to separate the solid particles and the molten metal. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and heat recovery effect, the present application provides a high-temperature lava heat recovery method and a heat recovery system.

[0008] The first aspect of the present application provides a high-temperature lava heat recovery method using the following technical solution: A high-temperature lava heat recovery method comprises the following steps: Introducing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium into a mixing tank, and allowing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium to impact and mix in the mixing tank; Using gravity to make the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium flow along the mixing tank, the high-temperature slag flow is cooled to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles, so that the solid particles float on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium; A skimmer is arranged in the mixing tank, and a slag discharge facility is arranged on a side of the mixing tank close to the skimmer, and the skimmer blocks solid particles so that the solid particles flow to the slag discharge facility; A heat exchange pool is arranged at the liquid outlet of the mixing tank, and the heat exchange medium from which the solid particles have been separated flows into the heat exchange pool, and the heat of the heat exchange medium is recovered by using the heat exchange pool; The heat exchange medium whose heat has been recovered in the heat exchange pool is transported to the mixing tank through the transport device.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium are impact mixed in the mixing tank, the contact area between the two is large, and the heat exchange effect is good, so that the high-temperature slag flow is quickly cooled and solid particles are formed. And because the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles, the solid particles can float smoothly on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium and be discharged through the slag discharge facility. This process not only achieves efficient heat transfer and ensures the uniform distribution of solid particles, but also can automatically discharge solid particles by gravity, with good solid-liquid separation effect and further improved heat recovery efficiency. In addition, the heat exchange medium is in a flowing state for a long time, which can increase the contact area and contact time between the heat exchange medium and the high-temperature lava, while reducing the adhesion caused by long-term contact between the high-temperature lava and the side wall of the mixing tank or the side wall of the heat exchange pool, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the following steps are also included: A first heat exchange device is arranged in the mixing tank; The temperature of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank is controlled by the first heat exchange device to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium, or to heat the heat exchange medium so as to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank is precisely controlled, ensuring that the heat exchange medium can maintain good fluidity while cooling the high-temperature slag flow. On the one hand, by recovering the heat of the heat exchange medium, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved; on the other hand, the heating device ensures that the heat exchange medium is always within the appropriate working temperature range, avoiding solidification caused by too low temperature, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0012] Optionally, the following steps are also included: A waste heat recovery device is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility; The heat of the solid particles is recovered by the waste heat recovery device and transferred to the heat exchange pool to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool so as to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state; or the heat of the solid particles is recovered by the waste heat recovery device and used for other purposes.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the sensible heat of the solid particles can be effectively recovered and used to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool to keep it in a flowing state. This not only improves the thermal efficiency of the system and reduces the input demand for external energy, but also further optimizes the energy utilization process of the entire system.

[0014] Optionally, the following steps are also included: A flow divider is provided between the mixing tank and the heat exchange tank, and the liquid outlet of the mixing tank is connected to the flow divider; The heat exchange medium is introduced into different positions of the heat exchange pool through the diversion device.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat exchange medium can be further cooled so that the heat exchange medium can be more evenly distributed in the heat exchange pool, thereby improving the efficiency of heat recovery and the stability of the system.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application provides a high-temperature lava heat recovery system that adopts the following technical solution: A high-temperature lava heat recovery system, comprising: A mixing tank, which is configured so that the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can be impact-mixed in the mixing tank, and the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can flow along the mixing tank by gravity, and the high-temperature slag flow is cooled by the heat exchange medium to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles; A slag skimmer is arranged in the mixing tank, a slag discharge facility is arranged on one side of the mixing tank close to the slag skimmer, and the slag skimmer is used to block solid particles so that the solid particles flow to the slag discharge facility; A heat exchange pool, arranged at the liquid outlet of the mixing tank, wherein a second heat exchange device and a heating facility are arranged in the heat exchange pool, wherein the second heat exchange device is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium, and the heating facility is used to heat the heat exchange medium so that the heat exchange medium maintains a flowing state; The conveying device is used to convey the heat exchange medium whose heat has been recovered to the mixing tank.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the effective recovery and rapid cooling of high-temperature lava heat are achieved. First, the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium with a higher density are impacted and mixed in the mixing tank, so that the high-temperature slag flow is rapidly cooled and forms solid particles, and the heat exchange medium absorbs a large amount of heat. Then, through the design of the skimmer, the solid particles are effectively blocked and directed to the slag discharge facility, so as to achieve the separation of solid particles and heat exchange medium. Subsequently, the second heat exchange device in the heat exchange pool further recovers the heat in the heat exchange medium, and the heating facility ensures that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the system. The whole process not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also reduces the waste of water resources and environmental pollution caused by the traditional water quenching method.

[0018] Optionally, a first heat exchange device is provided in the mixing tank, and the first heat exchange device is respectively connected to the second heat exchange device and the heating facility, and the first heat exchange device is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank, or to heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the first heat exchange device is set up so that the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank can be effectively recovered, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the system. At the same time, the first heat exchange device can also heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank to ensure that the heat exchange medium always remains in a flowing state, avoiding the solidification of the heat exchange medium due to too low temperature, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0020] Optionally, a first heat exchange device is provided in the mixing tank, and the first heat exchange device is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank, or to heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the applicability of the first heat exchange device can be further improved.

[0022] Optionally, a waste heat recovery device is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility, and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the heating facility to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state; or the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device is used for other purposes.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the waste heat of solid particles is recovered and the heat is transferred to the heat exchange pool to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool to keep it flowing. This not only improves the thermal efficiency of the system and reduces energy loss, but also ensures that the heat exchange medium is always within the appropriate operating temperature range, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0024] Optionally, a flow diversion device is provided between the mixing tank and the heat exchange pool, the liquid outlet of the mixing tank is connected to the flow diversion device, and the flow diversion device is used to introduce the heat exchange medium into different positions of the heat exchange pool.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the mixing tank achieves efficient cooling between the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium, and guides the heat exchange medium to different positions of the heat exchange pool through the diversion device, further improving the heat exchange efficiency. This design makes the heat distribution more uniform, reduces local overheating, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. At the same time, by optimizing the connection between the mixing tank and the heat exchange pool, the continuous flow of the heat exchange medium is ensured, and the energy recovery capacity of the entire system is enhanced.

[0026] Optionally, the heat recovery system further comprises a slag flow conveying facility for conveying the high-temperature slag flow; The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility is located above the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank, and the liquid outlet end of the conveying device is located above the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility so that the high-temperature slag flow contacts the heat exchange medium during the falling process, or The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility is connected to the mixing tank, and the liquid discharge end of the conveying device is located above the mixing tank.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, direct contact between the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium is achieved during the blanking process, the mixing efficiency of the two is improved, and the cooling process of the high-temperature slag flow is further accelerated; or the heat exchange medium flows to the bottom of the high-temperature slag flow under the action of gravity, and the heat exchange medium is in full contact with the high-temperature slag flow during the flow process, which can further improve the mixing efficiency.

[0028] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium are impact mixed in the mixing tank. The contact area between the two is large, and the heat exchange effect is good, so that the high-temperature slag flow is quickly cooled and forms solid particles. And because the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles, the solid particles can float smoothly on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium and be discharged through the slag discharge facility. This process not only achieves efficient heat transfer and ensures the uniform distribution of solid particles, but also can automatically discharge solid particles by gravity, with good solid-liquid separation effect, simpler, and further improved heat recovery efficiency; 2. The heat exchange medium is in a flowing state for a long time, which can increase the contact area and contact time between the heat exchange medium and the high-temperature lava, and reduce the adhesion caused by long-term contact between the high-temperature lava and the side wall of the mixing tank or the side wall of the heat exchange pool, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency; 3. The heat in the heat exchange medium is recovered through the heat exchange pool, and part of the heat is transferred to the mixing tank, so that most of the heat is recovered, achieving effective recycling of energy, greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the system and reducing energy consumption; 4. This application scheme realizes the waste heat recovery of solid particles. Part of the heat recovered from the waste heat can be transferred to the heat exchange pool to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool to keep it flowing. Most of the heat can be recovered; this not only improves the thermal efficiency of the system and reduces energy loss, but also ensures that the heat exchange medium is always within the appropriate operating temperature range, enhancing the stability and reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the heat recovery system in Example 1 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the heat recovery system in Example 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a top view of another preferred embodiment of the heat recovery system of Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the high-temperature lava heat recovery method of Example 2 of the present application.

[0033] Description of reference numerals: 1. Slag flow conveying facilities; 2. Mixing tank; 3. Slag skimmer; 4. Slag discharge facilities; 5. Heat exchange tank; 51. Second heat exchange device; 52. Heating facilities; 53. Heat exchange medium discharge port; 54. Sealing cover; 6. Conveying device; 61. Diversion and mixing facilities; 7. First heat exchange device; 8. Diversion device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-4 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can completely combine the embodiments of the present invention to obtain other embodiments without creative work, and these embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 A high-temperature lava heat recovery system provided in Example 1 of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , which includes a slag flow conveying facility 1, a mixing tank 2, a slag skimmer 3, a slag discharge facility 4, a heat exchange tank 5 and a conveying device 6. Among them, the slag flow conveying facility 1 is used to convey high-temperature slag flow, and the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 is connected to the mixing tank 2, which can mix the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium so that they flow under the action of gravity; the slag skimmer 3 is arranged in the mixing tank 2 to block solid particles and make them flow to the slag discharge facility 4; the heat exchange tank 5 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank 2, and the heat exchange tank 5 is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium; the conveying device 6 re-transports the heat exchange medium whose heat has been recovered to the mixing tank 2.

[0036] The heat exchange medium is a metal or alloy having a density greater than that of the solid particles, and is in liquid form. In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium is preferably lead liquid. In other embodiments, other metals or alloys with similar properties may also be selected. Since the heat exchange medium in this embodiment is lead liquid, and the density of lead liquid is 11.2-11.34 g / cm3; the density of solid particles is 2.6-2.8 g / cm3, the solid particles will float on the upper surface of the lead liquid. This design allows the solid particles and the heat exchange medium to be naturally separated, reducing additional operating steps.

[0037] Among them, the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can be impact mixed at the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank 2. In a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 is located above the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank 2, and the liquid outlet end of the conveying device 6 is located above the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 so that the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium come into contact during the falling process. This solution realizes direct contact between the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium during the falling process, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the two.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 2 The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 is connected to the mixing tank 2, and the liquid discharge end of the conveying device 6 is located above the mixing tank 2. Since the lead liquid has a large density and the high-temperature slag flow has a small density, when the lead liquid and the high-temperature slag flow are mixed, the lead liquid flows to the bottom of the mixing tank 2, and the contact area between the lead liquid and the high-temperature slag flow is further increased during the flow process, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency between the two.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, a diversion and mixing facility 61 can also be provided at the liquid outlet end of the conveying device 6, and the diversion and mixing facility 61 is provided at the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank 2. Optionally, the diversion and mixing facility 61 can be a diverter or other facility. The diversion and mixing facility 61 is used to further divert and mix the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium, which can further enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0040] Specifically, the mixing tank 2 is tilted in the height direction, or may not be tilted, so that the heat exchange medium and the high-temperature slag flow can flow downward under the action of gravity, so that the two can fully contact during the flow process to achieve sufficient heat exchange.

[0041] Optionally, the skimmer 3 is arranged in the mixing tank 2 and is located above the heat exchange medium, and the slag discharge facility 4 is arranged on the side of the mixing tank 2 close to the skimmer 3. When the solid particles encounter the skimmer 3, they will be intercepted and then discharged obliquely downward along the slag discharge facility 4. Specifically, the skimmer 3 can be an interception net or a physical barrier dam. In addition, an insulation board can also be provided on the tank wall of the mixing tank 2, and the insulation board can be used to reduce heat loss. Optionally, the slag discharge facility 4 includes a slag discharge channel and a screw conveyor arranged in the slag discharge channel, and the screw conveyor is used to further ensure the transportation of solid particles. In other embodiments, the slag discharge facility 4 can also be a separate slag discharge channel, and the slag discharge is carried out by gravity. The slag discharge facility 4 can also be other equipment for conveying solid particles.

[0042] Preferably, a waste heat recovery device (not shown) is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility 4. The waste heat recovery device can be a heat exchange device such as a fluidized bed or a vertical cooler, which is used to recover the residual heat in the solid particles. This heat can be transmitted to the heat exchange pool 5 through a pipeline to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool 5 to maintain the fluidity of the heat exchange medium. In other embodiments, the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device can also be used for other purposes, such as producing steam.

[0043] Reference Figure 1Furthermore, a first heat exchange device 7 may be provided in the mixing tank 2, and the first heat exchange device 7 is connected to the heat exchange pool 5, and the first heat exchange device 7 is used to partially recover the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank 2, or to heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank 2 so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state. Optionally, the first heat exchange device 7 may include a combination of a temperature sensor, an electric heating rod, and a heat exchange tube, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank 2 is detected by the temperature sensor, and the heat exchange medium is heated by the electric heating rod so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state, or the heat of the heat exchange medium is partially recovered by the heat exchange tube, so as to ensure that the heat exchange medium can maintain good fluidity while cooling the high-temperature slag flow.

[0044] In this embodiment, a complete set of second heat exchange device 51 and heating facilities 52 are provided in the heat exchange pool 5. The second heat exchange device 51 can be a boiler, a coil heat exchanger, etc. The second heat exchange device 51 transfers the heat of the heat exchange medium to an external medium, which is water, oil, or gas, etc. The second heat exchange device 51 is used to recover most of the heat of the heat exchange medium. In this application scheme, the first heat exchange device 7 recovers part of the heat, and the second heat exchange device 51 recovers most of the heat. The heat is recovered in stages, which can significantly improve the heat recovery rate. In other embodiments, the first heat exchange device 7 may not be provided, and the second heat exchange device 51 may be directly used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium.

[0045] In addition, the heating facility 52 can be an electric heating rod, a gas burner or a heating flue gas furnace, etc., which is used to heat the heat exchange medium when necessary to ensure that it is always in a flowing state. In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery device is connected to the heating facility 52, and the waste heat recovery device can be used to supply energy to the heating facility 52, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the solid particles to achieve heat preservation of the heat exchange medium. In other embodiments, the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device can also be used for other purposes.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, a diverter device 8 is provided between the mixing tank 2 and the heat exchange tank 5, and the liquid outlet of the mixing tank 2 is connected to the diverter device 8, and the diverter device 8 is used to introduce the heat exchange medium into different positions of the heat exchange tank 5. Specifically, the diverter device 8 can be a diverter tank on the top wall of the heat exchange tank 5, and the diverter tank has multiple diverter ports, and different diverter ports correspond to different positions of the heat exchange tank 5. The liquid outlet of the mixing tank 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the diverter tank. This solution can make the heat exchange medium more evenly distributed in the heat exchange tank 5, thereby improving the efficiency of heat recovery and the stability of the system.

[0047] In addition, the side wall or bottom of the heat exchange tank 5 is also provided with a heat exchange medium discharge port, which is convenient for the heat exchange medium to be discharged and replaced; at the same time, a sealing cover can be provided on the top of the heat exchange tank, and the heat exchange medium is sealed by the sealing cover to reduce the volatilization and oxidation of the heat exchange medium; further, an inert gas supply system can be provided along the mixing tank 2, and the inert gas supply system can be used to further reduce the oxidation of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank 2. Optionally, an active metal rod can be provided in the mixing tank 2, and one end of the active metal rod extends to the heat exchange tank 5, and the active metal rod is used to ensure the purity of the heat exchange medium.

[0048] Optionally, the conveying device 6 generally adopts a pumping system, such as a molten salt pump or a liquid metal pump. The pump body and the pipeline are made of high temperature resistant materials to adapt to high temperature working environment. The speed of the pump can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure the flow of the heat exchange medium is stable.

[0049] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium are fully mixed in the mixing tank 2, and the high-density characteristics of the heat exchange medium are used to achieve rapid cooling of the solid particles, forming high-quality solid particles with a high vitrification rate. Due to the density difference between the solid particles and the heat exchange medium, the two can be naturally separated, simplifying the operation process. Through the waste heat recovery device and the second heat exchange device 51 in the heat exchange pool 5, the heat in the solid particles and the heat exchange medium is recovered to the maximum extent, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system. Compared with the traditional water quenching and rapid cooling method, this method saves a lot of water resources, reduces harmful steam emissions, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.

[0050] Example 2 The present application also discloses a method for recovering heat from high-temperature lava. Figure 4 , which comprises the following steps: S10, introducing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium into the mixing tank 2, and allowing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium to impact and mix in the mixing tank 2.

[0051] Preferably, a slag flow conveying facility 1 for conveying high-temperature slag flow is also provided at the front end of the mixing tank 2. The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 is located above the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank 2, and the liquid outlet end of the conveying device 6 is located above the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 so that the high-temperature slag flow contacts the heat exchange medium during the falling process, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect.

[0052] In another preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility 1 is connected to the mixing tank 2, and the liquid outlet end of the conveying device 6 is located above the mixing tank 2. Furthermore, a flow splitting and mixing facility 61 can be provided at the liquid inlet end of the heat exchange medium, and the flow splitting and mixing facility 61 is used to further split the heat exchange medium, and the split heat exchange medium is then in contact with the high-temperature slag flow, so as to further enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0053] S20, using gravity to make the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium flow along the mixing tank 2, the high-temperature slag flow is cooled to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles, so that the solid particles float on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium.

[0054] Specifically, the mixing tank 2 is arranged to be tilted downward in the height direction, or it can be arranged not to be tilted, so that the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can mix and flow under the action of gravity. Further, the density of the lead liquid is 11.2-11.34 g / cm3; the density of the solid particles is 2.6-2.8 g / cm3, so that the precipitated solid particles float on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium for subsequent separation.

[0055] S30, a skimmer 3 is arranged in the mixing tank 2, and a slag discharge facility 4 is arranged on a side of the mixing tank 2 close to the skimmer 3, and the skimmer 3 blocks solid particles so that the solid particles flow to the slag discharge facility 4.

[0056] Optionally, the skimmer 3 may be an interception net or a solid barrier dam, and the heat exchange medium passes from below the skimmer 3 and flows to the liquid outlet of the mixing tank 2 .

[0057] Preferably, a first heat exchange device 7 is provided in the mixing tank 2; the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank 2 is controlled by the first heat exchange device 7 to partially recover the heat of the heat exchange medium, or to heat the heat exchange medium to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state.

[0058] Preferably, a waste heat recovery device is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility 4; the heat of the solid particles is recovered by the waste heat recovery device and the heat is transferred to the heat exchange pool 5, so as to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool 5 so as to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state. Specifically, the waste heat recovery device can be a heat exchange device such as a fluidized bed or a vertical cooler, which is used to recover the residual heat in the solid particles. This heat can be transferred to the heat exchange pool 5 through a pipeline to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool 5 to maintain the fluidity of the heat exchange medium. The heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device from the solid particles can also be used for other purposes.

[0059] S40, a heat exchange pool 5 is provided at the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank 2, and the heat exchange medium from which the solid particles have been separated flows into the heat exchange pool 5, and the heat of the heat exchange medium is recovered by using the heat exchange pool 5.

[0060] Preferably, a flow divider 8 is provided between the mixing tank 2 and the heat exchange tank 5, and the liquid outlet of the mixing tank 2 is connected to the flow divider 8; the heat exchange medium is introduced into different positions of the heat exchange tank 5 through the flow divider 8. Specifically, the flow divider 8 can be a flow divider on the top wall of the heat exchange tank 5, and the flow divider is provided with a plurality of flow divider ports, and different flow divider ports correspond to different positions of the heat exchange tank 5, and the liquid outlet of the mixing tank 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the flow divider.

[0061] Specifically, the heat exchange pool 5 is provided with a second heat exchange device 51 and a heating facility 52. ​​The second heat exchange device 51 may be a boiler, a coil heat exchanger, etc. The second heat exchange device 51 transfers the heat of the heat exchange medium to an external medium, which may be water, oil, or gas, etc. The second heat exchange device 51 is mainly used to recover most of the heat of the heat exchange medium. In the present application, the first heat exchange device 7 recovers part of the heat, and the second heat exchange device 51 recovers most of the heat. The heat is recovered in stages, which can significantly improve the heat recovery rate.

[0062] In addition, the heating facility 52 can be an electric heating rod, a gas burner or a heating flue gas furnace, etc., which is used to heat the heat exchange medium when necessary to ensure that it is always in a flowing state. In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery device is connected to the heating facility 52, and the waste heat recovery device can be used to supply energy to the heating facility 52, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the solid particles to achieve heat preservation of the heat exchange medium. In other embodiments, the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device can also be used for other purposes.

[0063] S50, transporting the heat exchange medium whose heat has been recovered in the heat exchange pool 5 to the mixing tank 2 through the transport device 6.

[0064] Optionally, the conveying device 6 generally adopts a pumping system, such as a molten salt pump or a liquid metal pump.

[0065] The above scheme not only achieves efficient heat transfer and ensures uniform distribution of solid particles, but also can automatically discharge solid particles by gravity, with good solid-liquid separation effect, simpler and further improved heat recovery efficiency.

[0066] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for recovering heat from high-temperature lava, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Introducing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium into a mixing tank (2), and allowing the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium to impact and mix in the mixing tank (2); Using gravity to make the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium flow along the mixing tank (2), the high-temperature slag flow is cooled to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles, so that the solid particles float on the upper surface of the heat exchange medium; A skimmer (3) is arranged in the mixing tank (2), and a slag discharge facility (4) is arranged on a side of the mixing tank (2) close to the skimmer (3), so that solid particles are blocked by the skimmer (3) so that the solid particles flow toward the slag discharge facility (4); A heat exchange pool (5) is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank (2), and the heat exchange medium from which the solid particles have been separated flows into the heat exchange pool (5), and the heat of the heat exchange medium is recovered by using the heat exchange pool (5); The heat exchange medium from which heat has been recovered in the heat exchange pool (5) is transported to the mixing tank (2) via a transport device (6).

2. The high-temperature lava heat recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: A first heat exchange device (7) is arranged in the mixing tank (2); The temperature of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank (2) is controlled by the first heat exchange device (7) to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium, or to heat the heat exchange medium so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state.

3. The high temperature lava heat recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: A waste heat recovery device is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility (4); The heat of the solid particles is recovered by the waste heat recovery device and transferred to the heat exchange pool (5) to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool (5) so as to keep the heat exchange medium in a flowing state; or the heat of the solid particles is recovered by the waste heat recovery device and used for other purposes.

4. The high temperature lava heat recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: A flow dividing device (8) is provided between the mixing tank (2) and the heat exchange tank (5), and the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank (2) is connected to the flow dividing device (8); The heat exchange medium is introduced into different positions of the heat exchange tank (5) through the flow diversion device (8).

5. A high temperature lava heat recovery system, characterized in that: include: A mixing tank (2) configured such that the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can be impact-mixed in the mixing tank (2), and the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium can flow along the mixing tank (2) by gravity, the high-temperature slag flow is cooled by the heat exchange medium to form solid particles, and the density of the heat exchange medium is greater than the density of the solid particles; A slag skimmer (3) is arranged in the mixing tank (2); a slag discharge facility (4) is arranged on a side of the mixing tank (2) close to the slag skimmer (3); the slag skimmer (3) is used to block solid particles so that the solid particles flow toward the slag discharge facility (4); A heat exchange pool (5) is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the mixing tank (2), wherein a second heat exchange device (51) and a heating facility (52) are arranged in the heat exchange pool (5), wherein the second heat exchange device (51) is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium, and the heating facility (52) is used to heat the heat exchange medium so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state; The conveying device (6) is used to convey the heat exchange medium from which the heat has been recovered to the mixing tank (2).

6. The high temperature lava heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first heat exchange device (7) is arranged in the mixing tank (2), and the first heat exchange device (7) is connected to the second heat exchange device (51) and the heating facility (52) respectively. The first heat exchange device (7) is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank (2), or to heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank (2) so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state.

7. The high temperature lava heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first heat exchange device (7) is arranged in the mixing tank (2), and the first heat exchange device (7) is used to recover the heat of the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank (2), or to heat the heat exchange medium in the mixing tank (2) so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state.

8. The high temperature lava heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waste heat recovery device is provided at the discharge end of the slag discharge facility (4), and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the heating facility (52) to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pool (5) so that the heat exchange medium remains in a flowing state; or the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device is used for other purposes.

9. The high temperature lava heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A flow divider (8) is provided between the mixing tank (2) and the heat exchange tank (5); the liquid outlet of the mixing tank (2) is in communication with the flow divider (8); the flow divider (8) is used to introduce heat exchange medium into different positions of the heat exchange tank (5).

10. The high temperature lava heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat recovery system also includes a slag flow conveying facility (1) for conveying a high-temperature slag flow; The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility (1) is located above the liquid inlet end of the mixing tank (2), and the liquid outlet end of the conveying device (6) is located above the discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility (1) so that the high-temperature slag flow and the heat exchange medium come into contact during the falling process, or The discharge end of the slag flow conveying facility (1) is connected to the mixing tank (2), and the liquid discharge end of the conveying device (6) is located above the mixing tank (2).

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