WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method and system. The method comprises the steps of 1, decomposing a project layer by layer to form a tree-shaped WBS structure; carrying out standard coding on the levels based on a unified WBS coding rule; 2, constructing a business application architecture, and realizing integrated fusion application of design, construction, operation and maintenance stages according to a unified WBS code; step 3, realizing integration and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data based on WBS coding; step 4, realizing visual display and analysis of the engineering project by using BIM and GIS technologies; and 5, realizing intelligent risk early warning and decision support by using big data analysis and artificial intelligence technologies. According to the invention, through fine decomposition and unified coding of the WBS, in combination with BIM, GIS, big data and artificial intelligence technologies, collaborative management and information sharing of the project in the whole life cycle are realized, the management level and execution efficiency of the engineering project are improved, and the method has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of highway engineering construction, and in particular to a WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method and system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the engineering construction industry is in a critical period of digital transformation, and the rapid development of information technology has promoted the profound transformation of the industry. As an important tool for project management, the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) helps project managers effectively assign tasks and control progress by systematically breaking down project goals into manageable and measurable work units. However, with the continuous increase in the scale and complexity of engineering projects, the limitations of traditional WBS in information integration, cross-platform collaboration and dynamic adjustment have gradually emerged, making it difficult to meet the needs of multi-disciplinary and multi-departmental collaboration in modern complex engineering projects.

[0003] In the field of engineering construction, emerging technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), big data and cloud computing have been widely used. These technologies not only provide new possibilities for data collection and processing, but also provide technical support for the extended application of WBS. For example, Azhar pointed out that the application trends, advantages, risks and challenges of BIM technology in the AEC (architecture, engineering and construction) industry have brought new opportunities for the digital management of engineering projects. The research of Bryde et al. [4] shows that the application of BIM can improve the collaborative efficiency and management level of projects.

[0004] However, in modern engineering projects, data sources are extremely diverse and distributed across different platforms and systems, forming information islands. These data include design documents, construction logs, surveillance videos, sensor data, etc. The integration of multi-source heterogeneous data has become one of the key challenges in achieving integrated management. Chen et al. discussed big data-related technologies, challenges, and future prospects, pointing out that through big data technology and cloud computing platforms, efficient integration and deep mining of these heterogeneous data can be achieved. Li et al. further emphasized the importance of data-driven approaches in BIM for building sustainability, pointing out that effective integration and application of data are essential for project management.

[0005] In terms of risk warning and resource optimization of engineering projects, the application of intelligent technology has received more and more attention. Through big data analysis, artificial intelligence algorithms and cloud computing, more forward-looking risk assessment and response measures can be provided for project management. Ren et al. proposed a collaborative and lean project delivery method based on BIM, emphasizing the importance of collaborative management to improve project delivery efficiency. Zhang et al. studied the application of artificial intelligence in engineering construction and management, especially automated project monitoring and management, providing new ideas for project risk management.

[0006] In the face of complex engineering project requirements, combining WBS with modern technologies such as BIM, IoT, and artificial intelligence to form an integrated management framework is the future development direction. El Asmar et al. discussed the challenges and opportunities of integrated project delivery (IPD), and believed that the efficiency and effectiveness of project management can be improved by integrating multiple technologies and collaborative methods. Fischer et al.'s research pointed out that the integrated project delivery method can promote the collaborative work of the project team and improve the overall performance of the project through the integration of technology and processes.

[0007] However, existing research and applications are mainly focused on a certain technology or a certain link, and an integrated fusion application technology for engineering construction with WBS as the core has not yet been formed. There are still many challenges and shortcomings in the deep integration of multi-source heterogeneous data, cross-platform collaboration, and the formulation and application of standardized coding rules. This limits the informatization and digitalization of project management and makes it difficult to meet the needs of complex engineering projects.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated application technology for engineering construction based on WBS, to build a unified business application architecture, formulate standard coding rules, and realize data integration and integrated management of the entire life cycle of engineering projects. By integrating advanced technologies such as BIM, the Internet of Things, and big data, we can break down information barriers, improve the level of refinement and intelligence of project management, and meet the needs of modern engineering construction.

[0009] Although the integrated management method of engineering construction that combines work breakdown structure (WBS) with BIM, Internet of Things, big data and other technologies has made certain progress in theory and practice, it still faces many challenges and shortcomings in practical application, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: Difficulty in deep integration of multi-source heterogeneous data: The data generated in the process of engineering projects come from a wide range of sources, including design data, construction data, monitoring data and management data. These data are stored in different platforms and systems, with different data formats, structures and semantics, forming information islands. Due to the lack of unified data standards and interface specifications, data integration and sharing are difficult, resulting in low efficiency of cross-platform and cross-departmental data collaboration. Existing technical means are difficult to deeply integrate multi-source heterogeneous data in a timely and accurate manner, limiting the full play of data value. Lack of unified coding standards and specifications: In engineering project management, the coding rules and standards of WBS lack uniformity. Different projects and different enterprises may adopt their own coding systems, which makes it difficult to effectively associate and share data. The lack of uniformity in coding makes it easy for errors and information loss to occur during the transmission and exchange of data between different systems, affecting the efficiency and accuracy of project management. Inefficient collaborative management: Since all parties use different management systems and tools and lack a unified collaborative management platform, communication and collaboration between multiple disciplines and departments are difficult. Traditional communication methods such as emails, telephones and meetings are not only inefficient, but also prone to information lags or omissions. The inability to achieve real-time sharing of data and information affects the overall coordination and management of the project. Insufficient dynamic adjustment capabilities: During the implementation of engineering projects, engineering projects often encounter problems such as design changes, resource shortages, and schedule adjustments. The existing WBS structure lacks flexibility and dynamic adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to timely reflect changes in the actual situation of the project, and unable to quickly adjust task decomposition and resource allocation. This leads to insufficient adaptability and response speed of project management, increasing project risks. Insufficient risk management and decision support capabilities: Modern engineering projects are complex and uncertain, with many risk factors and fast changes. The existing project management system lacks effective risk warning and intelligent decision support functions, and cannot make full use of big data and artificial intelligence technologies to conduct in-depth analysis of project data. This makes risk management lag behind, and it is difficult for the project team to identify and respond to potential risks in a timely manner, increasing the possibility of project failure.

[0010] In summary, in the field of integrated fusion application of engineering construction based on WBS, there are problems such as difficulty in deep fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data, lack of unified coding standards, low collaborative efficiency, insufficient dynamic adjustment capabilities, and weak risk management and decision support capabilities. These problems limit the informatization and intelligent development of engineering project management, and a new technical solution is urgently needed to solve the above shortcomings and meet the management needs of modern complex engineering projects. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated fusion application method and system for engineering construction based on WBS, in order to address the problems existing in the existing engineering construction project management, such as the difficulty in integrating multi-source heterogeneous data, low collaborative efficiency, lagging risk management, insufficient dynamic adjustment capabilities, insufficient data utilization and low intelligence level. With WBS as the core, the present invention integrates advanced technologies such as BIM, Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, etc., builds a unified business application architecture and standardized coding rules, and realizes data fusion, collaborative management and intelligent decision support for the entire life cycle of engineering projects.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0013] An integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Build a unified WBS system and coding standards: According to the characteristics of the project, in accordance with the principle of hierarchy, decompose the project layer by layer to form a tree-like WBS structure; and standardize the coding between each level based on the unified WBS coding rules; WBS is presented in a tree structure, and the formula is expressed as:

[0015] WBS={L1,L2,...,L n}

[0016] L i = {W i1 ,W i2 ,...,W im}

[0017] Where L represents the level of WBS, W represents the work unit in each level, and n and m represent the number of levels and the number of work units in each level, respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 1, the project is decomposed layer by layer into project level, section level, unit engineering level, section engineering level, sub-project level and process level.

[0019] Furthermore, in the unified WBS coding rules in step 1, each level is separated by ".", and the process code and the superior code are separated by ":". The coding format is: project number. section number. unit project number. section project number [. sub-section project number]. sub-project number [: process number].

[0020] Step 2: Build a business application architecture and implement integrated applications in the design, construction, operation and maintenance phases according to the unified WBS coding.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 2, during the design phase, the engineering structure is finely decomposed and identified according to the unified WBS code, and the design data and BIM model containing the WBS code are generated;

[0022] During the construction phase, the WBS code of the design phase is used to carry out in-depth design of construction drawings, prepare 0# measurement records, manage construction plans, project progress, quality and safety, measurement and payment, and archives, so as to achieve the connection and integration of business data;

[0023] During the operation and maintenance phase, WBS codes are used to manage maintenance plans, facility inspections, and repairs and maintenance, thereby achieving unified management of engineering facilities.

[0024] Step 3: Integrate and merge multi-source heterogeneous data based on WBS coding: Use data integration tools and technologies to process multi-source heterogeneous data into a unified data warehouse; establish unified data standards and interface specifications and embed WBS coding into BIM model components to establish a mapping association between WBS coding and BIM models;

[0025] Specifically, unified data standards and interface specifications are established to ensure data exchange and sharing among business systems; WBS codes are embedded in BIM model components to achieve mapping association between WBS codes and BIM models.

[0026] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 includes design data, construction data, monitoring data, BIM model, and GIS data.

[0027] Step 4: Implement 3D visualization of the project based on BIM model and WBS code; combine GIS data with BIM model to implement geographic spatial display and spatial analysis of the project; and then dynamically simulate and display the construction process to support progress management and decision analysis;

[0028] Specifically, based on the BIM model and WBS coding, a three-dimensional visual display of the project can be achieved, which enables intuitive viewing of the project entities and their related information; GIS data is combined with the BIM model to achieve the display and spatial analysis of the project in geographic space; dynamic simulation and display of the construction process is achieved to support progress management and decision analysis.

[0029] Step 5: Use big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to achieve intelligent risk warning and decision support:

[0030] Collect data from the entire process of the project to establish a risk warning model to promptly identify potential risks and problems; apply machine learning algorithms to optimize construction plans and resource allocation to improve project execution efficiency; provide intelligent decision support to provide managers with data-driven analysis and suggestions.

[0031] Furthermore, step 2 specifically includes:

[0032] In the design phase, the project is decomposed and coded according to the WBS coding specification, and the coding is embedded in the design data and BIM model;

[0033] During the construction phase, the WBS code from the design phase is used to carry out construction planning, resource allocation, progress control, quality management, etc.

[0034] During the operation and maintenance phase, WBS coding is used to manage maintenance plans, conduct facility inspections and repairs on engineering facilities, and record the operating status and maintenance history of the facilities.

[0035] Furthermore, the mapping relationship between the WBS code and the BIM model in step 3 is realized by the mapping function:

[0036] f WBS-BIM :WBS code → BIM component

[0037] Specifically, through the mapping function, the WBS code is embedded in the component attributes of the BIM model to achieve the association between the WBS code and the specific engineering entity.

[0038] Furthermore, the integration and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 3-1: Use ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) tools to extract, transform and load multi-source data, eliminate data silos and form a unified data warehouse;

[0040] Step 3-2: Use data cleaning, matching and merging techniques to merge data from different sources to ensure data consistency and integrity;

[0041] Step 3-3, for spatial data, use spatial registration technology to achieve the unification of multi-source spatial data.

[0042] Furthermore, the data standards and interface specifications in step 3 include:

[0043] Data format standards specify the storage and exchange formats of different types of data;

[0044] Interface specifications define the data exchange interfaces between business systems to ensure the standardization and security of data transmission;

[0045] Semantic model, establish a unified engineering information ontology, standardize terminology and semantics, and ensure consistent understanding of data across systems.

[0046] Furthermore, the intelligent risk warning and decision support in step 5 includes:

[0047] Using machine learning algorithms, we can build risk warning models based on historical and real-time data to detect potential problems in a timely manner.

[0048] Apply optimization algorithms to optimize construction plans, resource allocation, etc. to improve project execution efficiency;

[0049] Integrate various analysis tools, build a decision support system, and provide managers with data-driven decision support.

[0050] Furthermore, visualization and analysis include: using BIM models to achieve three-dimensional visualization of engineering projects, locating specific engineering sites in the model in combination with WBS codes; combining GIS data with BIM models to achieve display and analysis of engineering projects in geographic space; and using timeline technology to achieve dynamic simulation and display of the construction process.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention also discloses an integrated fusion application system for engineering construction based on WBS, which adopts the integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS. The system adopts a layered design, including a data storage module, a basic support module, an application support module and a BIM business application module; the data storage module is used to store various types of databases, the basic support module is the underlying support service software built on the basis of the database, the application support module provides basic business capability support for various business applications, and the BIM business application module provides basic applications with different business capabilities.

[0052] Furthermore, the databases stored in the data storage module include relational databases, spatial information databases and unstructured databases; the relational databases include databases of basic data, business data and subject data; the spatial information databases include databases of OSGB data and BIM data; the unstructured databases include unstructured data of documents, pictures and videos; the support services provided by the basic support module include WEB application support, GIS application support, BIM application support, CA certification support, workflow engine, video service support, digital twin engine, message engine and external interface services; the application support module includes unified user authentication, master data management, organizational authority management, BIM application management, workflow management, video surveillance management, twin digital application management, message management and interface service management; the BIM business application module includes design management applications, investment management applications, progress management applications, quality management applications, safety management applications, green management applications, process and method applications, results delivery applications and visual analysis applications.

[0053] The method of the present invention is applicable to the field of highway engineering construction, can improve the management level and execution efficiency of engineering projects, and realize collaborative management and information sharing throughout the life cycle of the project.

[0054] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical features compared with the prior art: (1) Realize the integration and sharing of multi-source heterogeneous data: build a unified data exchange and integration framework, formulate standardized data interfaces and semantic models, solve the differences in data format, semantic expression and logical structure of multi-source heterogeneous data such as design data, construction data, monitoring data, and management data in engineering projects, eliminate information islands, and improve data sharing and collaboration efficiency. (2) Improve cross-professional and cross-departmental collaboration efficiency: With WBS as the core, build an integrated business application architecture, unify coding rules, and run through various stages such as design, construction, operation and maintenance to achieve data sharing and business collaboration among various professions and departments. Through a unified platform, realize the instant and transparent task allocation, progress tracking, and problem feedback, improve communication efficiency, and reduce communication costs. (3) Enhance dynamic adjustment capabilities: Introduce dynamic WBS technology to support real-time adjustment of task decomposition and plans in project management. According to the design changes, resource adjustments, schedule changes, etc. that occur during the project implementation, the WBS structure is updated and optimized in a timely manner to improve the flexibility and adaptability of project management, ensure that the project plan can reflect the actual situation in a timely manner, respond to changes quickly, and reduce project risks. (4) Strengthen risk management and intelligent decision support: Use big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to conduct in-depth mining and analysis of project data, and establish intelligent risk warning models and decision support systems. Identify potential risks in advance, provide targeted risk response measures and optimization suggestions, and enhance the project's risk resistance and scientific decision-making. (5) Improve data utilization and intelligence level: Make full use of project information resources through the fusion and in-depth mining of multi-source data. Combined with intelligent analysis tools, provide comprehensive and accurate decision support, improve data utilization, and enhance the intelligence level of project management to meet the needs of modern complex engineering projects.

[0055] In summary, the present invention proposes an integrated fusion application technology for engineering construction by integrating BIM, Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing and other advanced technologies with WBS as the core, aiming to solve many key problems existing in the current management of engineering construction projects. Through a unified business application architecture and standardized coding rules, data fusion and integrated management of the entire life cycle of engineering projects can be achieved, the level of refinement and intelligence of project management can be improved, and strong technical support can be provided for the high-quality development of the engineering construction industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated converged service application architecture of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the WBS decomposition structure of the project of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a technical architecture diagram of an integrated fusion application system for engineering construction based on WBS of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the system network architecture involved in the project management of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the application support system architecture of the integrated fusion application system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in one, the present invention discloses an integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS, which aims to achieve data fusion and collaborative application of various business systems in the entire life cycle of the engineering project through refined decomposition and unified coding of WBS, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of project management. The present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Build a unified WBS system and coding standards: According to the characteristics of the project, in accordance with the principle of hierarchy, decompose the project layer by layer to form a tree-like WBS structure; and standardize the coding between each level based on the unified WBS coding rules; WBS is presented in a tree structure, and the formula is expressed as:

[0065] WBS={L1,L2,...,L n}

[0066] L i ={n i1 ,W i2 ,...,W im}

[0067] Where L represents the level of WBS, W represents the work unit in each level, and n and m represent the number of levels and the number of work units in each level, respectively.

[0068] Furthermore, in step 1, the project is decomposed layer by layer into project level, section level, unit engineering level, section engineering level, sub-project level and process level.

[0069] Furthermore, in the unified WBS coding rules in step 1, each level is separated by ".", and the process code and the superior code are separated by ":". The coding format is: project number. section number. unit project number. section project number [. sub-section project number]. sub-project number [: process number].

[0070] Step 2: Build a business application architecture and implement integrated applications in the design, construction, operation and maintenance phases according to the unified WBS coding.

[0071] Furthermore, in step 2, during the design phase, the engineering structure is finely decomposed and identified according to the unified WBS code, and the design data and BIM model containing the WBS code are generated;

[0072] During the construction phase, the WBS code of the design phase is used to carry out in-depth design of construction drawings, prepare 0# measurement records, manage construction plans, project progress, quality and safety, measurement and payment, and archives, so as to achieve the connection and integration of business data;

[0073] During the operation and maintenance phase, WBS codes are used to manage maintenance plans, facility inspections, and repairs and maintenance, thereby achieving unified management of engineering facilities.

[0074] Step 3: Integrate and merge multi-source heterogeneous data based on WBS coding: Use data integration tools and technologies to process multi-source heterogeneous data into a unified data warehouse; establish unified data standards and interface specifications and embed WBS coding into BIM model components to establish a mapping association between WBS coding and BIM models;

[0075] Specifically, unified data standards and interface specifications are established to ensure data exchange and sharing among business systems; WBS codes are embedded in BIM model components to achieve mapping association between WBS codes and BIM models.

[0076] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 includes design data, construction data, monitoring data, BIM model, and GIS data.

[0077] Step 4: Implement 3D visualization of the project based on BIM model and WBS code; combine GIS data with BIM model to implement geographic spatial display and spatial analysis of the project; and then dynamically simulate and display the construction process to support progress management and decision analysis;

[0078] Specifically, based on the BIM model and WBS coding, a three-dimensional visual display of the project can be achieved, which enables intuitive viewing of the project entities and their related information; GIS data is combined with the BIM model to achieve the display and spatial analysis of the project in geographic space; dynamic simulation and display of the construction process is achieved to support progress management and decision analysis.

[0079] Step 5: Use big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to achieve intelligent risk warning and decision support:

[0080] Collect data from the entire process of the project to establish a risk warning model to promptly identify potential risks and problems; apply machine learning algorithms to optimize construction plans and resource allocation to improve project execution efficiency; provide intelligent decision support to provide managers with data-driven analysis and suggestions.

[0081] Furthermore, step 2 specifically includes:

[0082] In the design phase, the project is decomposed and coded according to the WBS coding specification, and the coding is embedded in the design data and BIM model;

[0083] During the construction phase, the WBS code from the design phase is used to carry out construction planning, resource allocation, progress control, quality management, etc.

[0084] During the operation and maintenance phase, WBS coding is used to manage maintenance plans, conduct facility inspections and repairs on engineering facilities, and record the operating status and maintenance history of the facilities.

[0085] Furthermore, the mapping relationship between the WBS code and the BIM model in step 3 is realized by the mapping function:

[0086] f WBS-BIM :WBS code → BIM component

[0087] Specifically, through the mapping function, the WBS code is embedded in the component attributes of the BIM model to achieve the association between the WBS code and the specific engineering entity.

[0088] Furthermore, the integration and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 includes the following steps:

[0089] Step 3-1: Use ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) tools to extract, transform and load multi-source data, eliminate data silos and form a unified data warehouse;

[0090] Step 3-2: Use data cleaning, matching and merging techniques to merge data from different sources to ensure data consistency and integrity;

[0091] Step 3-3, for spatial data, use spatial registration technology to achieve the unification of multi-source spatial data.

[0092] Furthermore, the data standards and interface specifications in step 3 include:

[0093] Data format standards specify the storage and exchange formats of different types of data;

[0094] Interface specifications define the data exchange interfaces between business systems to ensure the standardization and security of data transmission;

[0095] Semantic model, establish a unified engineering information ontology, standardize terminology and semantics, and ensure consistent understanding of data across systems.

[0096] Furthermore, the intelligent risk warning and decision support in step 5 includes:

[0097] Using machine learning algorithms, we can build risk warning models based on historical and real-time data to detect potential problems in a timely manner.

[0098] Apply optimization algorithms to optimize construction plans, resource allocation, etc. to improve project execution efficiency;

[0099] Integrate various analysis tools, build a decision support system, and provide managers with data-driven decision support.

[0100] Furthermore, visualization and analysis include: using BIM models to achieve three-dimensional visualization of engineering projects, locating specific engineering sites in the model in combination with WBS codes; combining GIS data with BIM models to achieve display and analysis of engineering projects in geographic space; and using timeline technology to achieve dynamic simulation and display of the construction process.

[0101] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also discloses an integrated fusion application system for engineering construction based on WBS, which adopts the integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS. The system adopts a layered design, including a data storage module, a basic support module, an application support module and a BIM business application module; the data storage module is used to store various types of databases, the basic support module is the underlying support service software built on the basis of the database, the application support module provides basic business capability support for various business applications, and the BIM business application module provides basic applications with different business capabilities.

[0102] Furthermore, the databases stored in the data storage module include relational databases, spatial information databases and unstructured databases; the relational databases include databases of basic data, business data and subject data; the spatial information databases include databases of OSGB data and BIM data; the unstructured databases include unstructured data of documents, pictures and videos; the support services provided by the basic support module include WEB application support, GIS application support, BIM application support, CA certification support, workflow engine, video service support, digital twin engine, message engine and external interface services; the application support module includes unified user authentication, master data management, organizational authority management, BIM application management, workflow management, video surveillance management, twin digital application management, message management and interface service management; the BIM business application module includes design management applications, investment management applications, progress management applications, quality management applications, safety management applications, green management applications, process and method applications, results delivery applications and visual analysis applications.

[0103] The specific principle of the present invention is described below:

[0104] The present invention provides an integrated fusion application technology for engineering construction based on Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), which aims to achieve data fusion and collaborative application of various business systems in the entire life cycle of engineering projects through refined decomposition and unified coding of WBS, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of project management.

[0105] 1. Construction and coding standards of WBS system

[0106] 1. WBS construction principles: Hierarchy: According to the logical structure of the project, the project is decomposed into manageable work units layer by layer to form a tree-like hierarchy. Completeness: Ensure that all work content of the project is decomposed and no tasks are missed. Independence: The work units at each level are independent of each other, with clear responsibilities, which is convenient for management and control. Traceability: Through unique coding, any work unit can be quickly located and traced.

[0107] 2.WBS decomposition levels: WBS is decomposed according to the following levels:

[0108] Project level (Level 1): The entire engineering project.

[0109] Level 2: The bidding sections are divided according to the contract or area.

[0110] Unit project level (Level 3): such as roadbed engineering, bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, etc.

[0111] Divisional engineering level (Level 4): Divisions under unit engineering, such as roadbed earthwork engineering, pavement base, etc.

[0112] Sub-division project level (Level 5, optional): For complex projects, it can be further decomposed.

[0113] Sub-project level (Level 6): The smallest engineering entity.

[0114] Process level (Level 7): Specific construction processes or tasks.

[0115] 3.WBS coding rules: In order to achieve unified management, the following coding rules are formulated: Coding structure: A hierarchical coding structure is adopted, and each level is separated by “.” (half-width), and the process level and the upper level code are separated by “:” (half-width).

[0116] Coding format: Project number. Section number. Unit project number. Section project number [. Sub-section project number]. Sub-item project number [: process number].

[0117] Coding example: P001.S01.U01.D02.E05.W10:G04;

[0118] Among them: P001: Project number. S01: Section number. U01: Unit project number, such as roadbed project. D02: Sub-project number, such as earthwork project. E05: Sub-project number, such as the fifth sub-project. W10: Construction section number (optional). G04: Process number, such as the fourth process.

[0119] 2. Business Application Architecture Design

[0120] Overview of business application architecture: Based on the integrated fusion application technology of WBS, the business application architecture covers all stages of the project life cycle, including: design stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage.

[0121] The business application architecture realizes the interconnection and sharing of data between various stages to form an organic whole.

[0122] like Figure 1 As shown, the business architecture diagram is generally composed of two stages: design and construction. The design stage mainly includes several business modules such as site investigation, preliminary design, and construction drawing design; the construction stage is relatively complex, covering the main core business processes such as in-depth design of construction drawings, preparation of No. 0 list, construction plan, process reporting, measurement and payment, etc., and also includes progress, quality, investment, archives and other control businesses.

[0123] The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0124] Unified WBS coding runs through the entire life cycle: from design to construction, and then to operation and maintenance, the business data at each stage is based on the unified WBS coding to achieve data connectivity and consistency.

[0125] Centralized data management and sharing: By establishing a centralized data management platform, data from various business systems are exchanged and shared through standard interfaces to avoid information silos.

[0126] Integration of multi-source heterogeneous data: Using data integration technology, BIM models, GIS data, and construction process data (progress, quality, safety, cost, etc.) are integrated to achieve multi-dimensional data analysis and application.

[0127] Visualization and analysis: Based on BIM and GIS technology, three-dimensional visualization of engineering projects is realized, and combined with WBS coding, the progress, quality, safety and other information of the project are intuitively presented.

[0128] Intelligent decision support: Utilize big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to conduct in-depth mining of collected data and provide decision support such as risk warning, schedule optimization, and cost control.

[0129] The specific implementation technology of the WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method of the present invention is as follows:

[0130] 1. Project WBS construction and dynamic optimization:

[0131] First, based on the overall goals and deliverables of the project, the WBS layer-by-layer decomposition method is used to build the project's task structure model. WBS is presented in a tree structure, and the formula is:

[0132] WBS={L1,L2,...,L n}

[0133] L i = {W i1 ,W i2 ,...,W im}

[0134] Where L represents the level of WBS, W represents the work unit in each level, and n and m represent the number of levels and the number of work units in each level, respectively. Figure 2 Shows the tree decomposition structure of the project WBS.

[0135] During the project implementation, a dynamic WBS optimization mechanism is introduced. By continuously collecting real-time data from each link, the deviation between actual progress and plan is monitored. When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the dynamic adjustment of WBS is triggered, and new or changed work tasks are included in time, and the division of tasks and resource allocation are continuously optimized. The adjustment signal ΔW is used to represent the dynamic optimization process of WBS:

[0136] WBS′=WBS+ΔW

[0137] WBS′=WBS+ΔW

[0138] 2. Integration of WBS coding and BIM model:

[0139] In the BIM modeling process, the WBS code is embedded into the attributes of the model components to form a mapping relationship between the WBS code and the BIM model. The mapping function is as follows:

[0140] f WBS-BIM :WBS code → BIM component

[0141] Through this mapping, the association between the BIM model and the specific engineering entity is achieved.

[0142] 3. Integration and fusion of multi-source data:

[0143] Data integration framework: Use ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) tools to extract, transform, and load multi-source heterogeneous data to form a unified data warehouse.

[0144] Data fusion method: Use data cleaning, matching, merging and other technologies to fuse design data, construction data, monitoring data, etc. For spatial data, use spatial registration technology to achieve the unification of multi-source spatial data.

[0145] 4. Data standards and interface specifications:

[0146] Develop unified data standards and interface specifications, including:

[0147] Data format standard: specifies the storage and exchange formats of different types of data.

[0148] Interface specification: define the data exchange interface between business systems to ensure smooth and secure data transmission.

[0149] Semantic model: Establish a unified engineering information ontology, standardize terminology and semantics, and ensure consistent understanding of data across systems.

[0150] 5. Application of visualization technology:

[0151] 3D visualization: Use BIM models to achieve 3D visualization of engineering projects. Combined with WBS coding, you can locate specific engineering parts in the model and view their relevant information.

[0152] Geographic information visualization: Combine GIS data with BIM models to display and analyze engineering projects in geographic space.

[0153] Dynamic display: Use timeline and other technologies to achieve dynamic simulation and display of the construction process.

[0154] 6. Intelligent analysis and decision support:

[0155] Risk warning model: Using machine learning algorithms, based on historical data and real-time data, a risk warning model is established to detect potential problems in a timely manner.

[0156] Optimization algorithm: Apply optimization algorithm to optimize construction plan, resource allocation, etc. to improve project execution efficiency.

[0157] Decision support system: Integrate various analytical tools to provide managers with data-driven decision support.

[0158] System architecture design: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the network involved in the project-level management platform is mainly composed of the project owner unit network and the section construction unit network. Among them, the project owner unit network mainly carries the operation of project-level database servers, application servers, NVR storage devices, IoT acquisition servers, data interface servers and other equipment; the section construction unit network mainly carries the operation of IoT acquisition terminals, video monitoring terminals, production control equipment, interface servers and other equipment.

[0159] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the data storage layer and application support layer of the integrated fusion application support system correspond to the technical architecture, which consists of several modules such as data storage, basic support, and application support. Among them, the data storage module is used to store various types of data, the basic support module is mainly the underlying support service software built on the basis of the database, and the application support system mainly provides basic business capability support for various business applications.

[0160] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical features compared with the prior art: (1) Realize the integration and sharing of multi-source heterogeneous data: build a unified data exchange and integration framework, formulate standardized data interfaces and semantic models, solve the differences in data format, semantic expression and logical structure of multi-source heterogeneous data such as design data, construction data, monitoring data, and management data in engineering projects, eliminate information islands, and improve data sharing and collaboration efficiency. (2) Improve cross-professional and cross-departmental collaboration efficiency: With WBS as the core, build an integrated business application architecture, unify coding rules, and run through various stages such as design, construction, operation and maintenance to achieve data sharing and business collaboration among various professions and departments. Through a unified platform, realize the instant and transparent task allocation, progress tracking, and problem feedback, improve communication efficiency, and reduce communication costs. (3) Enhance dynamic adjustment capabilities: Introduce dynamic WBS technology to support real-time adjustment of task decomposition and plans in project management. According to the design changes, resource adjustments, schedule changes, etc. that occur during the project implementation, the WBS structure is updated and optimized in a timely manner to improve the flexibility and adaptability of project management, ensure that the project plan can reflect the actual situation in a timely manner, respond to changes quickly, and reduce project risks. (4) Strengthen risk management and intelligent decision support: Use big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to conduct in-depth mining and analysis of project data, and establish intelligent risk warning models and decision support systems. Identify potential risks in advance, provide targeted risk response measures and optimization suggestions, and enhance the project's risk resistance and scientific decision-making. (5) Improve data utilization and intelligence level: Make full use of project information resources through the fusion and in-depth mining of multi-source data. Combined with intelligent analysis tools, provide comprehensive and accurate decision support, improve data utilization, and enhance the intelligence level of project management to meet the needs of modern complex engineering projects.

[0161] In summary, the present invention constructs an integrated fusion application technology for engineering construction through the refined decomposition and unified coding of WBS, combined with BIM, GIS, big data and artificial intelligence technologies, realizes collaborative management and information sharing throughout the project life cycle, improves the management level and execution efficiency of engineering projects, and has broad application prospects.

[0162] Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians of the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS, characterized by: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Build a unified WBS system and coding standards: According to the characteristics of the project and the principle of hierarchy, decompose the project layer by layer to form a tree-like WBS structure; and standardize the coding between each level based on the unified WBS coding rules; Step 2: Build a business application architecture and implement integrated applications in the design, construction, operation and maintenance phases according to unified WBS coding; Step 3: Integrate and merge multi-source heterogeneous data based on WBS coding: Use data integration tools and technologies to process multi-source heterogeneous data into a unified data warehouse; establish unified data standards and interface specifications and embed WBS coding into BIM model components to establish a mapping association between WBS coding and BIM models; Step 4: Use BIM and GIS technology to achieve visualization and analysis of engineering projects: Based on BIM model and WBS code, realize 3D visualization of engineering projects; combine GIS data with BIM model to realize geographic space display and spatial analysis of engineering projects; use timeline technology to dynamically simulate and display the construction process to support progress management and decision analysis; Step 5: Use big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to achieve intelligent risk warning and decision support: Collect data from the entire process of the project to establish a risk warning model to promptly identify potential risks and problems; apply machine learning algorithms to optimize construction plans and resource allocation to improve project execution efficiency; provide intelligent decision support to provide managers with data-driven analysis and suggestions.

2. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the project is decomposed layer by layer into project level, section level, unit project level, section project level, sub-project level and process level.

3. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the unified WBS coding rules in step 1, each level is separated by ".", and the process code and the superior code are separated by ":". The coding format is: project number. section number. unit project number. section project number [. sub-section project number]. sub-project number [: process number].

4. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: Step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 2-1: During the design phase, the engineering structure is refined and identified according to the unified WBS code, and the design data and BIM model containing the WBS code are generated; Step 2-2, in the construction phase, based on the WBS code of the design phase, carry out in-depth design of construction drawings, prepare 0# measurement ledgers, construction plan management, project progress management, quality and safety management, measurement payment management and archive management, so as to achieve the connection and integration of business data; Step 2-3: During the operation and maintenance phase, use WBS codes to manage maintenance plans, facility inspections, and repairs and maintenance to achieve unified management of engineering facilities.

5. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 include design data, construction data, monitoring data, BIM model, and GIS data.

6. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mapping relationship between WBS code and BIM model in step 3 is realized through mapping function: f WBS-BIM :WBS code→BIM component.

7. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The integration and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data in step 3 includes the following steps: Step 3-1: Use ETL tools to extract, transform and load multi-source data, eliminate data silos and form a unified data warehouse; Step 3-2: Use data cleaning, matching and merging techniques to merge data from different sources to ensure data consistency and integrity; Step 3-3, for spatial data, use spatial registration technology to achieve the unification of multi-source spatial data.

8. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data standards and interface specifications in step 3 include: Data format standards specify the storage and exchange formats of different types of data; Interface specifications define the data exchange interfaces between business systems to ensure the standardization and security of data transmission; Semantic model, establish a unified engineering information ontology, standardize terminology and semantics, and ensure consistent understanding of data across systems.

9. An integrated fusion application system for engineering construction based on WBS, which adopts an integrated fusion application method for engineering construction based on WBS according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The system adopts a layered design, including data storage module, basic support module, application support module and BIM business application module; the data storage module is used to store various types of databases, the basic support module is the underlying support service software built on the database, the application support module provides basic business capability support for various business applications, and the BIM business application module provides basic applications with different business capabilities.

10. The WBS-based engineering construction integrated fusion application system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The databases stored in the data storage module include relational databases, spatial information databases and unstructured databases; relational databases include databases of basic data, business data and subject data; spatial information databases include databases of OSGB data and BIM data; unstructured databases include unstructured data of documents, pictures and videos; The support services provided by the basic support module include WEB application support, GIS application support, BIM application support, CA certification support, workflow engine, video service support, digital twin engine, message engine and external interface services; Application support modules include unified user authentication, master data management, organizational authority management, BIM application management, workflow management, video surveillance management, twin digital application management, message management and interface service management; BIM business application modules include design management applications, investment management applications, progress management applications, quality management applications, safety management applications, green management applications, process and method applications, results delivery applications and visual analysis applications.

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