Wetland environment management method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a wetland environment management method, a wetland environment management device and electronic equipment. The wetland environment management method comprises the following steps: screening out a target priority recovery region meeting a priority recovery region judgment standard from wetland recovery regions; based on the survey data of the target priority recovery area, analyzing an ecological system problem occurring in the target priority recovery area; determining a humidity recovery target of the target priority recovery area according to the ecological system problem and the structure and the function of a system level corresponding to the target priority recovery area; selecting a reference wetland similar to the environmental climate and habitat type of the target priority recovery area as a reference wetland; compared with the target priority recovery area, the reference wetland has the advantage that the interference degree of the ecological system problem of the reference wetland is small; and according to the humidity recovery target and the reference wetland, determining wetland protection recovery and operation management measures of the target priority recovery area. According to the method, the working result quality of natural wetland protection and recovery projects is stably ensured, and the working efficiency of similar projects is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, and in particular to a wetland environment management method, device and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of ecological civilization construction, the protection and restoration of wetlands in various places has gradually developed from the simple goal of improving water quality to the protection and restoration of the entire ecosystem, and the business of natural wetland system protection and restoration projects has gradually increased. Due to the difficulties of ecosystem restoration such as complexity and technical expertise, the current protection and restoration of natural wetland systems mainly starts with conventional water quality improvement or landscape creation, lacking the formation mechanism, self-sustaining, species composition, succession process and other contents of the target wetland, and the technical solutions lack overall system analysis and targeted measures. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wetland environment management method, device and electronic equipment to alleviate the technical problems that the existing technology lacks the formation mechanism, self-maintenance, species composition, succession process and other contents of the target wetland, and the technical solution lacks overall system analysis and targeted measures. By summarizing and organizing the natural wetland protection and restoration methods, a mature technical system process is formed, which can reduce the impact of the technical level of designers on project results in future related engineering applications, stably ensure the quality of work results of natural wetland protection and restoration projects, and comprehensively improve the work efficiency of similar projects.

[0004] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wetland environment management method, including: according to preset priority restoration area discrimination criteria, screening out target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area discrimination criteria from wetland restoration areas; based on the survey data of the above target priority restoration areas, analyzing the ecosystem problems occurring in the above target priority restoration areas; determining the humidity restoration target of the above target priority restoration areas according to the above ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above target priority restoration areas; and selecting a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the above target priority restoration area; compared with the above target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the above reference wetland are less disturbed; based on the above humidity restoration target and the above reference wetland, determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above target priority restoration area.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the step of determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned humidity restoration target and the above-mentioned reference wetland, the above-mentioned method further includes: planning the functional design, risk assessment and restoration and reconstruction indicator system of the wetland ecosystem in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area in accordance with the preset principles of restoration and reconstruction of the ecosystem to obtain wetland restoration planning data; monitoring the wetland restoration status of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area that implements the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data; and evaluating the recovery status of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned monitoring data.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of monitoring the wetland restoration status of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area for implementing the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data includes: monitoring the recovery of ecological elements and the recovery of the ecosystem in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area for implementing the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data; the recovery of the above-mentioned ecological elements includes: the recovery of soil, water bodies, animals, plants and microorganisms; the recovery of the ecosystem includes: the recovery of biological communities and systems formed by the effects of non-biological environments.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of analyzing ecosystem problems arising in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area includes: analyzing ecosystem problems arising in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned land type changes include: the land type, area and regional change trends of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; the above-mentioned species data include: the animal and plant species in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area and the corresponding numbers of the above-mentioned animal and plant species; the above-mentioned social data survey includes: the comprehensive development and management data of the villages where the residents are located in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of analyzing ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area includes: analyzing endogenous problems and external interference occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; the above-mentioned endogenous problems include: wetland structure problems, human intervention problems and lack of wetland maintenance measures; the above-mentioned external interference includes: water quality interference in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, industrial production model interference, agricultural pollution and regional artificial encroachment; based on the above-mentioned endogenous problems and the above-mentioned external interference, conducting a habitat quality and sensitivity assessment on the above-mentioned target priority restoration area to obtain habitat quality and habitat sensitivity data; based on the habitat quality and the above-mentioned habitat sensitivity data, analyzing the ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area includes: determining the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the spatial form, material cycle and industrial model corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned humidity restoration target and the above-mentioned reference wetland includes: determining the wetland state of the above-mentioned reference wetland as the wetland state before degradation of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the wetland state before degradation of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area and the humidity restoration target.

[0012] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a wetland environment management device, including: an area screening module, which is used to screen out target priority restoration areas that meet the above-mentioned priority restoration area discrimination criteria from wetland restoration areas according to preset priority restoration area discrimination criteria; an ecosystem problem analysis module, which is used to analyze the ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas; a target determination module, which is used to determine the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area according to the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas; and, select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; compared with the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the above-mentioned reference wetland are less disturbed; a management module, which is used to determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area according to the above-mentioned humidity restoration target and the above-mentioned reference wetland.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer executable instructions to implement the wetland environment management method.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention provides a wetland environment management method, including: according to preset priority restoration area discrimination criteria, screening out target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area discrimination criteria from wetland restoration areas; analyzing ecosystem problems occurring in the above target priority restoration areas based on survey data of the above target priority restoration areas; determining a humidity restoration target for the above target priority restoration areas based on the above ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above target priority restoration areas; and selecting a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as a reference wetland for the above target priority restoration area; compared with the above target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the above reference wetland are less disturbed; and according to the above humidity restoration target and the above reference wetland, determining wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above target priority restoration area. This method summarizes and organizes natural wetland protection and restoration methods through screening priority restoration areas, problem analysis, goal setting, and formulation of protection and restoration measures, forming a mature technical system process. In future related engineering applications, this method will reduce the impact of designers' technical level on project results, stably ensure the quality of work results of natural wetland protection and restoration projects, and comprehensively improve the work efficiency of similar projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wetland environment management method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another wetland environment management method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a practical implementation process of a wetland environment management project provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wetland environment management device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Icons: 31-region screening module; 32-ecosystem problem analysis module; 33-target determination module; 34-management module; 41-memory; 42-processor; 43-bus; 44-communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] At present, the protection and restoration of major natural wetland systems mainly start with conventional water quality improvement or landscape creation. There is a lack of sorting out the formation mechanism, self-maintenance, species composition, succession process, etc. of the target wetlands. The technical solutions lack overall system analysis and targeted measures.

[0025] Based on this, the present invention provides a wetland environment management method, device and electronic equipment. The method summarizes and organizes natural wetland protection and restoration methods by screening priority restoration areas, analyzing problems, setting goals and formulating protection and restoration measures for wetlands, forming a mature technical system process, reducing the impact of designers' technical level on project results in future related engineering applications, stably ensuring the quality of work results of natural wetland protection and restoration projects, and comprehensively improving the work efficiency of similar projects. In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, first, a wetland environment management method is introduced.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] In this embodiment, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a wetland environment management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, the method includes:

[0029] Step S101: According to preset priority restoration area identification criteria, target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area identification criteria are screened out from wetland restoration areas.

[0030] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned priority restoration area identification criteria are generally local-level restoration areas, provincial-level restoration areas, and national-level restoration areas.

[0031] Step S102: Based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, analyze the ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0032] In this embodiment, first, a background survey and assessment of the target priority restoration area is conducted to understand the past and present conditions of the area, whether the target priority restoration area belonged to the category of wetlands in the past, and if it was a wetland, determine which factors led to the degradation or loss of the wetlands, especially the past hydrological elements, vegetation distribution pattern, topography, protist species, and species' needs for habitats in the target priority restoration area.

[0033] Furthermore, the degradation of the wetland was investigated and evaluated to clarify the causes of its degradation and its restoration potential.

[0034] Step S103: Determine the humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; and select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; compared with the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the reference wetland are less disturbed.

[0035] In actual operation, first of all, the expected results of the wetland restoration project are stated, which reflects the motivation for carrying out the wetland restoration project. According to different geographical conditions, different social, economic and cultural background requirements, the goals of wetland restoration will also be different. Some goals are to restore the original wetland state, some goals are to regain a new characteristic that includes both the original characteristics and benefits to humans, and some goals are to completely change the wetland state.

[0036] Step S104: Based on the above humidity restoration target and the above reference wetlands, determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above target priority restoration area.

[0037] In actual operation, the above-mentioned wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures should use the simplest restoration method whenever possible, because the more complex the restoration method, the more likely it is to deviate in a certain link. The restoration goal is most easily achieved by using the least destructive and most ecological method. Natural restoration methods should be considered before implementing more human intervention. If some natural processes cannot be restored by natural methods, more consideration should be given to bioengineering rather than traditional engineering measures.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides a wetland environment management method, including: according to preset priority restoration area discrimination criteria, screening out target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area discrimination criteria from wetland restoration areas; analyzing ecosystem problems occurring in the above target priority restoration areas based on survey data of the above target priority restoration areas; determining a humidity restoration target for the above target priority restoration areas based on the above ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above target priority restoration areas; and selecting a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as a reference wetland for the above target priority restoration area; compared with the above target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the above reference wetland are less disturbed; and according to the above humidity restoration target and the above reference wetland, determining wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above target priority restoration area. This method summarizes and organizes natural wetland protection and restoration methods through screening priority restoration areas, problem analysis, goal setting, and formulation of protection and restoration measures, forming a mature technical system process. In future related engineering applications, this method will reduce the impact of designers' technical level on project results, stably ensure the quality of work results of natural wetland protection and restoration projects, and comprehensively improve the work efficiency of similar projects.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of another wetland environment management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Depend on Figure 2 As can be seen, the method includes:

[0042] Step S201: According to preset priority restoration area identification criteria, target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area identification criteria are screened out from wetland restoration areas.

[0043] In this embodiment, taking area A as an example, the implementation scope of the comprehensive protection project is about 11.71 square kilometers. The current situation is basically dominated by farmland, ponds, wetlands, rivers, and scattered villages. It is 1-2 kilometers away from wetland B, with rich flora and fauna and a well-developed water network. According to the preset priority restoration area identification criteria for the region, the implementation scope is located in the future key urban construction area. Some current farmland, ponds, and village areas will adjust the nature of land use and be uniformly planned as commercial land, cultural and sports activity land, residential land, etc. Therefore, considering the potential negative impact of future urban expansion on natural wetlands, in order to better protect the wetland biological habitat and biodiversity within the implementation scope during the construction process, the area that continues to retain the wetland mechanism in the preset priority restoration area identification criteria is selected as the target priority restoration area for natural wetland protection and restoration of the A area project.

[0044] Step S202: Based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, analyze the ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0045] In this embodiment, the step of analyzing the ecosystem problems arising in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area includes: analyzing the ecosystem problems arising in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0046] Among them, the above-mentioned land type changes include: the land type, area and regional change trends of the above-mentioned priority restoration areas; the above-mentioned species data include: the animal and plant species in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas and the corresponding numbers of the above-mentioned animal and plant species; the above-mentioned social data survey includes: the comprehensive development and management data of the villages where the residents are located in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas.

[0047] Furthermore, based on the land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas, the step of analyzing the ecosystem problems in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas includes: analyzing the endogenous problems and external interferences in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas based on the land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas; the above-mentioned endogenous problems include: wetland structure problems, human intervention problems and lack of wetland maintenance measures; the above-mentioned external interferences include: water quality interference in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas, industrial production model interference, agricultural pollution and regional artificial encroachment; based on the above-mentioned endogenous problems and the above-mentioned external interferences, conducting a habitat quality and sensitivity assessment on the above-mentioned priority restoration areas to obtain habitat quality and habitat sensitivity data; based on the habitat quality and the above-mentioned habitat sensitivity data, analyzing the ecosystem problems in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas.

[0048] Here, the above survey data also includes: survey and evaluation data on the wetland degradation status of target priority restoration areas.

[0049] Among them, a baseline survey and assessment of the target priority restoration area is carried out to understand the past and present conditions of the area, whether the target priority restoration area belonged to the category of wetlands in the past, and if it was a wetland, determine which factors led to the degradation or loss of the wetlands, especially the past hydrological elements, vegetation distribution pattern, topography, native biological species and species' needs for habitats in the target priority restoration area.

[0050] Taking area A as an example, we conducted surveys on land type changes, species data, and social data. Among them, land type changes were obtained by the following methods: obtaining satellite remote sensing images of the research scope in recent decades, using Arc GIS software to count the area and distribution of various land types, and analyzing the changing trends of land type, area, and region. Common land types in wetlands include: natural vegetation, cultivated land, bare land, nurseries, artificial vegetation, rivers, ponds, roads, urban built-up areas, or industrial land.

[0051] Species data were obtained in the following ways: according to the current satellite image map, the study area was divided into 6 types of areas according to the current water system, vegetation landscape differences, village distribution, and potential human activities of dense buildings in the periphery. Including: dense building area: high-rise high-density residential buildings and artificial landscape green space; sparse building area: low-density / high-density villages and intensive farmland; suburban artificial green area: park green space with sparse forest and grassland as the main landscape type; suburban green space pond area: productive ponds and surrounding green space areas with more business activities and greater human interference; suburban intensive farmland area: a cultivated area dominated by intensive farmland; remote core wetland area: the relic area of ​​the pond field system with the least human interference. Combined with the above 6 types of areas, four sample lines of birds, amphibians, fish, and insects were preliminarily determined. Among them, bird sample lines: covering all differentiated ecosystem types, that is, all 6 types of areas need to be involved; amphibian sample lines: covering wetland water bodies and rivers in 6 types of areas, each 100m; fish sample points: covering wetland water bodies and rivers in 6 types of areas, synchronized with amphibians; insect sample lines: divided into sweep net sample lines and light trap sample points. Sweep net sample lines cover vegetation areas in 6 types of areas, synchronized with bird sample lines; light trap sample points are mainly open areas in different vegetation types, and are laid out synchronously with bird sample lines. Through on-site surveys, sample lines are reviewed to check the accessibility of sample lines, the differences of different sample line points, the degree of representation of different habitat types, and the mode of human use of different types of habitats. Adjust sample line points in areas where accessibility is not high and the differences in habitat adaptation species under different human disturbance modes are not large. Bird sample lines and insect sample line points are adjusted to cover natural spaces with greater differences as much as possible. Amphibian sample lines and fish sample points are adjusted to spaces with higher accessibility and representative and different slope types.

[0052] Furthermore, the above survey data also includes: social survey data; the above social survey data is based on interviews with key figures in the villages and communities involved in the research scope, such as former village party secretaries and community staff, owners and members of village-run enterprises, local residents, etc. The interview content includes but is not limited to data on the basic situation of the village, personnel composition, social and economic conditions, development and construction trends, production and living and cultural heritage, natural resources and natural heritage, village management methods, current problems, and future development.

[0053] Furthermore, the degradation of wetlands is investigated and evaluated to clarify the causes of wetland degradation, restoration potential, etc. Taking area A as an example, the ecosystem problems in the research scope are analyzed through land type changes, species data, and social data investigations.

[0054] Among them, the above land type changes were found through the historical satellite images collected in the past 60 years. The research area was generally stable before 2000, and the land type did not change much; the changes in the past 20 years are more obvious. The trend of change includes the increase of village settlements and the concentration of the scope; some natural vegetation has been transformed into agricultural orchards and vegetable fields; the core area of ​​wetlands has shrunk, etc.

[0055] The above species data include: plant distribution, observation and record of plant species in 6 types of areas, 495 plant species in Wetland 1, and 458 plant species in Wetland 2. Different types of areas have different plant species; densely built-up areas: mainly wild plants and a small number of landscape plants; sparsely built-up areas: mainly wild plants, landscape plants and crops; suburban artificial green areas: mainly landscape plants and wild pioneer plants, with many invasive species; suburban green space pond areas: mainly wild plants, a small number of crops and landscape plants; suburban intensive farmland areas: mainly crops and wild pioneer plants; remote suburban core wetland areas: mainly wild plants and sporadic crops, with certain invasive species. The existing plant communities include some green landscape plants, and a large number of pioneer species such as mulberry, mulberry, foxtail grass, etc., and there are also a large number of invasive species. The overall vegetation situation presents a state of early secondary succession. Due to the lack of native plant provenance and the continuous impact of invasive species, it is difficult to spontaneously succeed to a healthy and complex native plant community, and there is no great retention value in subsequent design.

[0056] Furthermore, the distribution of the above-mentioned animals includes: fish, with a total of 13 species of fish in Wetland 1 and 12 species of fish in Wetland 2. The fish are mainly freshwater still water fish, and there are no migratory fish. The fish community structure is similar to that of other freshwater still water rivers in East China, which is highly correlated with the utilization and management of river water bodies and less correlated with fishery farming. Amphibians, with a total of 5 species of amphibians. All of them are common species in the area, and their main activity habitats are ponds with gentle slope revetments and farmlands with irrigation ditches. Birds, with a total of 91 species of birds, including 73 species of forest birds (including 4 species of raptors) and 18 species of water birds (including 5 species of waterfowl). The breeding season is dominated by resident birds, with a small number of summer migratory birds; wading birds, waterfowl, and aquatic songbirds are the main species, showing obvious secondary wetland group characteristics, and highly adaptable bird groups are dominant. The proportion of migratory birds is less than half, indicating that the current habitat conditions are not very attractive to migratory birds, which is related to the poor water quality, unreasonable revetment types and long-term human interference. It is necessary to supplement the construction of migratory bird habitats in subsequent designs. Insects, there are 241 species of insects in Wetland 1 and 222 species of insects in Wetland 2. The top three in number are Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera, all of which are common species in urban green spaces, farmlands, and wastelands. No species with high habitat requirements were found, indicating that the habitat quality is average. Due to the small size and high diversity of insects, the error of manual surveys is large. The Chao1 index method is used to infer the potential total number of insect species in each habitat based on survey data, and the potential total species in different habitats are obtained.

[0057] Furthermore, the above social data include: the agricultural era and urban development era of the priority restoration areas. Among them, the agricultural era of the priority restoration areas is based on the family as the economic unit, and the individual labor model of combining fishing and farming is carried out. During this period, materials are fully circulated, and the pollutants generated by industrial production are within the environmental carrying capacity, and the environmental pollution problem is not significant. In the era of urban development of the priority restoration areas, agricultural production competes with young and strong labor, real estate and corporate headquarters are settled in, forming an industrial agglomeration model, facing problems such as construction land demand, water system destruction, and construction pollution discharge, and the loss of traditional lifestyles.

[0058] Furthermore, the ecosystem problems are mainly based on the investigation and analysis of the current wetland environmental resource conditions, and the main problems of wetlands are summarized as endogenous problems and external interference. Among them, the endogenous problems are reflected in: (1) The wetland structure is simple and the ecological function is single. The base pond wetlands that account for a large proportion of the project scope are artificially dug and constructed, with a single structure and randomly scattered plants. The key wetland habitat is missing, and the function of supporting the food, shelter conditions, brooding places and other needs of various wetland organisms at various stages of life activities is weak. (2) There is a lot of human intervention in the wetland, and the ecological succession is hindered. The original base pond system is continuously entered and used by local residents for production and life. The demolition of villages has changed the nature of land use and has not been effectively restored. The ecosystem is in a relatively advanced state under continuous interference and cannot succeed to the top community. (3) Lack of necessary wetland maintenance. The withdrawal of traditional agricultural production and life has led to the gradual disappearance of necessary wetland maintenance measures, resulting in the decline of the existing ecosystem. Furthermore, the above external interference is reflected in: (1) The overall water quality of the basin is poor and the water body renewal is insufficient. As the city develops, the natural carrying capacity of the surrounding water system decreases, the water quality becomes unstable, and external pollution is brought about. There are a large number of sluice gates distributed outside the water system in the project area. When the water power of the plain water network is insufficient, the internal water system is silted up, and the lack of mobility leads to further deterioration of water quality. (2) The impact of urbanization on the production model of water towns. The benefits and economic compensation brought by urbanization are greater than the traditional agricultural production model, so local residents have lost the internal motivation to continue the traditional water town production and living model. (3) The pressure of agricultural pollution control is relatively large. There are large areas of cultivated land in the project area, and pollutants such as pesticides and fertilizers flow into the water system with the drainage of farmland, polluting the water body. Native plants are gradually reduced due to their low tolerance to pollution, and vacant ecological niches are occupied by invasive species. (4) Artificialization of external space. The area at the junction of the project scope and the city is gradually hardened and the landscape is artificialized, and the original habitats of animals and plants are further invaded.

[0059] In actual operation, habitat quality and sensitivity assessments are also conducted for the above-mentioned priority restoration areas. Among them, habitat quality and habitat sensitivity assessments can identify external stress factors of habitats, the level of habitat ecological integrity, the ability of habitats to resist interference and the degree of sensitivity, providing a scientific basis for wetland ecological restoration. The setting of quality assessment indicators involves two major systems: ecosystem function and human interference, and comprehensively considers the ecosystem succession stage, the use of habitats by animals, and the information on human activities interfering with ecosystem processes. Sensitivity assessment adds resilience assessment indicators on the basis of the quality assessment indicator system to indicate the response loudness and recoverability of the ecosystem to human activities. The basic unit of habitat quality and sensitivity assessment is the habitat unit. According to the land use type of the "Three National Land Surveys", remote sensing interpretation and the results of the wild animal and plant community survey, the site is generally divided into several fine habitat units, and the expert scoring method is used to assign values ​​and scores. Habitat quality assessment relies on the judgment of ecological experts on the function of the habitat and the interference of human activities; sensitivity assessment relies on the natural restoration engineering experience of ecological engineering experts, and its judgment is mainly based on the difficulty and recovery cycle of the restoration project.

[0060] For ease of understanding, Table 1 provides a habitat quality and sensitivity assessment table for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Habitat quality is calculated comprehensively based on ecosystem function and degree of human disturbance and the quality levels are divided according to the scores; habitat sensitivity is calculated comprehensively based on habitat quality and combined with habitat resilience to finally obtain the habitat sensitivity level.

[0067] Furthermore, the method also divides the above target priority restoration areas into four levels:

[0068] Class I quality area: forest land, water area and surrounding wetland areas far away from artificial facilities and human interference with perfect ecological functions, including some surrounding paddy fields. These areas are where birds, especially water birds, rest, forage and build nests during migration, wintering and breeding seasons; at the same time, high-quality forest land has the advantage of water conservation, and can also provide food sources and high-quality habitats for rich terrestrial organisms, including birds. The water area and mudflats in this area are also places where various fish, aquatic insects and mollusks live together. The overall ecosystem structure is good and can play its role.

[0069] Category II quality area: There is some human disturbance, but most animals can adapt, or scattered small populations foraging, breeding and other activities occur in the area, and changes in habitat structure may bring positive or negative impacts to the population. This area is mainly composed of ponds and rivers, scattered cultivated land, abandoned cultivated land, and woodland, interspersed with a small amount of woodland with little human impact and grassland far away from human settlements.

[0070] Category III quality area: more intensively disturbed by human activities, and animals and plants with strong adaptability can survive. Animals and plants that adapt to farmland ecosystems are dominant, and the regional land type is mainly cultivated land. Some migratory arboreal migratory birds can use this area, and the frequency of amphibians, reptiles and ornamental insects is low, but it has great potential for transformation of eco-friendly community structures, including some cultivated land, ponds and water surfaces with strong human disturbance, and gardens.

[0071] Category IV quality area: completely artificial areas with serious negative environmental impacts, almost no key species, ecological continuity barriers, species invasion risks and other major ecological problems. The area is dominated by large built-up areas, roads, development and commercial areas with high human impact.

[0072] Furthermore, based on the habitat quality assessment results and habitat resilience, the habitat sensitivity score was calculated and the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas were divided into four levels.

[0073] Class I sensitive areas: The core of large areas of high-quality habitats, the areas with the least human impact or the most diverse habitat types, mainly large areas of water and woodland. These areas play a key role in the function of habitats and also have a radiating effect on the surrounding animal and plant habitats. They are especially important for important groups of migratory birds, and it is difficult to restore their functions in a short time after destruction. They are the most important areas for ecological functions and are habitats where changes in habitat structure will have a significant negative impact on populations.

[0074] Class II sensitive areas: areas with good habitat structure and important biological life activities, which can be easily maintained in their current state or restored after destruction, including river channels and scattered woodland areas around them.

[0075] Class III sensitive areas: areas without important ecological functions, with low difficulty in restoration and reconstruction, and with the possibility of ecological improvement, including waters and cultivated land with significant human impact, rural residential areas, gardens, nurseries, and transportation land, etc. These areas have low ecological value in wetland ecological protection, but can accommodate some low-sensitive species or urban plants and animals, and are the main habitats for urban plants and animals.

[0076] Class IV sensitive areas: These areas only have very weak ecological functions for the overall ecological environment. They are the result of urbanization that erodes the natural wetland ecosystem, mainly residential land and transportation land. These areas are mainly large residential areas and contiguous cultivated land areas distributed in wetlands. They have a greater impact on the overall ecological environment, but their protection value is also relatively small, and they are low-sensitivity areas.

[0077] Furthermore, an evaluation of the negative impact of existing projects in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas is conducted, including: water conservancy projects and facilities. The water conservancy facilities in the project area were built relatively early and are open most of the time. The projects themselves do not have much negative impact on the ecosystem, but the water conservancy facilities inevitably bring about problems such as changes in water flow velocity, sedimentation, loss of light, and influx of pollutants in adjacent areas, which indirectly bring about negative impacts on the ecosystem; an evaluation is conducted on linear and surface construction projects in the target priority restoration areas. The linear and surface construction projects in the project area include roads and community villages at all levels. Because they directly occupy natural space and change the impact of biological communities in adjacent natural spaces, they cause negative impacts such as noise, frequent human interference, and species invasion.

[0078] Step S203: Determine the humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; and select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; compared with the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the reference wetland are less disturbed.

[0079] In this embodiment, the step of determining the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area includes: determining the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the spatial form, material cycle and industrial model corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area.

[0080] In this embodiment, the above step S203 reflects the motivation for carrying out the wetland restoration project. Depending on different geographical conditions, different social, economic and cultural background requirements, the goals of wetland restoration will also be different. Some goals are to restore the original wetland state, some goals are to regain a new characteristic that includes both the original characteristics and benefits to humans, and some goals are to completely change the wetland state.

[0081] Step S204: Based on the above humidity restoration target and the above reference wetlands, determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above target priority restoration area.

[0082] In this embodiment, the step of determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned humidity restoration target and the above-mentioned reference wetland includes: determining the wetland state of the above-mentioned reference wetland as the wetland state before degradation of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the wetland state before degradation of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area and the humidity restoration target.

[0083] In actual operation, the best way to restore wetlands is to use the simplest restoration method whenever possible, because the more complex the restoration method, the more likely it is to deviate in some link. The least destructive and most ecological method is the easiest to achieve the restoration goal. Natural restoration methods should be considered before implementing more human intervention. If some natural processes cannot be restored by natural methods, more consideration should be given to bioengineering rather than traditional engineering measures.

[0084] Taking area A as an example, the spatial pattern of ecological protection and restoration is used to divide the protected areas, and appropriate protection, restoration and operation management measures are selected according to the different habitat types in each area.

[0085] Among them, the spatial pattern of ecological protection and restoration is based on the current status of the project site and the status of the completed projects. The hierarchical analysis method is used to preliminarily delineate the ecological functional zones of the project area: ecosystem protection zone, ecosystem restoration zone, and ecological space sharing zone.

[0086] Furthermore, the ecosystem protection area includes two parts: ① The current quality and sensitivity are high, especially the natural space with relatively high naturalness and vegetation locality, which can play a good ecological function without too much engineering restoration work or purposeful reconstruction work, such as natural secondary woodland and wasteland. ② After the implementation of restoration measures, the vegetation is highly local, the wetland structure is reasonable and complex, and it can provide habitats and key life cycle space for diverse wetland animals. The two types of areas are usually connected in space. To play the support and regulation services of the ecosystem, it is necessary to limit the total amount of human intervention and respect the natural succession dynamics; the current quality and sensitivity of the ecosystem restoration area are not as good as the ecosystem protection area, and continuous intervention and habitat maintenance are required to play the ecosystem service function. Specifically, it includes two parts: ① The space for restoring ecosystem services through engineering intervention measures, such as river channels and lake and river bank spaces. ② Habitat maintenance measures are used to keep the ecosystem at a specific stage of succession, and the ecosystem is not degraded due to human interference, such as base pond space, etc.; the ecological space sharing area is mainly the remaining green space and cultivated space in the project area. Green space is closely related to human activities, and plays a role in the cultural services of the ecosystem, such as ecological greening of urban parks and community-built habitat gardens; farming space is the place where local residents cultivate themselves and the community supports agricultural development, and plays a dual role in supply and culture; on the basis of preliminary zoning, the AMC mitigation mechanism is applied to evaluate the impact of urban development space demand on the ecosystem, adjust the specific scope of ecological function zoning, and put forward guiding suggestions for ecological engineering; protection, restoration and operation management measures: based on the division of habitats, there are currently five main types of habitats that can be restored, namely farmland, pond wetlands, river wetlands, wasteland, and woodland. At present, the water bodies of ponds are independent of each other, the banks of rivers and ponds are steep, and there is a lack of plant communities in the water-land transition zone. In the design, the bank slope needs to be slowed down to form a shallow wetland dominated by wetland herbs for birds and amphibians and reptiles to live. The average water depth is 10-30cm, and native wetland plants such as Zizania, Onion, Calamus, Scirpus, and Polygonum aviculare are planted. Planting submerged-floating leaf plant communities at a depth of 30-80cm in ponds and rivers, such as Vallisneria, Hydrilla, Nymphoides, Nymphoides, and Water Chestnut, can purify water, increase the oxygen content of water, and restore biodiversity in water. At present, forest land is relatively scattered. It is recommended to concentrate planting in appropriate areas to form a forest land. Forest land types can be divided into two types: early succession and mid-late succession. In the early succession, deciduous forests are dominant, with trees such as mulberry, elm, Chinese kite, neem, Chinese tallow tree, and Chinese elm, and shrubs such as salt bran wood, Hebei indigo, and wild rose. In the late succession, evergreen and deciduous mixed forests are dominant, with trees such as camphor, Chinese tallow tree, and oak, and shrubs such as pyracantha and callicarpa. There are many invasive species in wasteland, which is difficult to clean up. It can be considered to restore most of it to forest land, and the growth of invasive species can be suppressed by shading with trees.Some wasteland can be retained at the edge of the forest and on both sides of the road and transformed into near-natural herbaceous plant communities, and perennial native herbaceous plants such as Bermuda grass, Inula japonica, Scutellaria baicalensis, Belamcanda chinensis, Amaranthus orientalis, and Cyperus rotundus can be planted.

[0087] Step S205: According to the preset principles of restoration and reconstruction of the ecosystem, the functional design, risk assessment and restoration and reconstruction indicator system of the wetland ecosystem in the above-mentioned priority restoration area are planned to obtain wetland restoration planning data.

[0088] In actual operation, according to the principles of ecosystem restoration and reconstruction, comprehensive planning and research are conducted on the countermeasures and methods such as functional design, risk assessment, and restoration and reconstruction indicator system of wetland ecosystems. In the process of implementing the wetland restoration plan, new technologies should be used and developed to expand the scope of wetland restoration from local areas to the entire basin, and ultimately achieve restoration at the landscape level. Ecological restoration projects should be used to achieve wetland restoration goals.

[0089] Among them, the protection and restoration models of natural wetlands in cities are usually urban wetland park models and agricultural tourism park models.

[0090] Furthermore, the urban wetland park model mainly uses landscape planting, trail paving and tourist facilities construction as the implementation means, with a high degree of hardening, a high degree of artificial vegetation, a high overall vulnerability of the ecosystem, and insufficient resilience to environmental disturbances. In addition, compared with a small amount of ticket and service industry income, its maintenance cost is high, and it is a pure investment construction model.

[0091] Furthermore, the agricultural tourism park model is a theme natural park development model based on the characteristics of the base pond system, which is built for higher sharing and vitality. It has a high degree of hardening, but relatively few landscape plants are used. Because agricultural tourism activities are relatively large-scale, its income structure will include land rental income, agricultural product income, research and experience activity income, etc. The total amount will be higher than that of urban parks, and there will be more possibilities for inheriting traditional cultural customs. However, the continuous production and base pond structure maintenance on the site still require a large amount of labor, which is difficult in terms of labor feasibility.

[0092] In the process of implementing the restoration plan for area A, we should first consider the solution to the existing ecological and environmental problems and risks, and adopt modern engineering means such as zero direct discharge of domestic sewage, decentralized sewage treatment facilities, farmland non-point source pollution control, in-situ restoration of river channels, rainwater storage, optimization of water system connectivity, construction of waterfront buffer zones, and artificial wetlands to promote material circulation within the system, and select appropriate habitat protection, restoration, and operation management measures based on different functional zoning. Secondly, from the perspective of labor feasibility, in the form of samples, we should retain traditional fishing and farming methods and show the wisdom of traditional water towns. In addition, considering the development of surrounding cities and the needs of modern urban people for self-cultivation activities and beautiful recreational spaces, we should guide the establishment of a new relationship between man and nature, and maximize the self-sustaining ability and economic feasibility of natural space with a diversified land use model.

[0093] Step S206: Monitor the wetland restoration status of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area in which the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data is executed for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data.

[0094] The above monitoring specifically includes monitoring methods, monitoring indicators, implementation routes, frequency and intensity of use, etc. Usually, monitoring before and after wetland restoration is necessary. The monitoring content includes monitoring the growth of important wetland habitats; monitoring of target groups (such as migratory birds, nesting birds, native fish, wetland insects, etc.); monitoring of hydrology and water quality and its correlation with the growth of plant and animal communities, etc.

[0095] Furthermore, it is necessary to carry out long-term management of wetland protection and restoration in the target priority restoration areas. The wetland ecosystem is an ecosystem that constantly responds to the surrounding environment and evolves and changes at any time. After the completion of the wetland restoration project, it is only the beginning of a successful wetland restoration project. The restored wetlands need to be managed in the long term so that they can play the expected ecological functions and minimize human impacts. Long-term management usually requires the maintenance of various existing facilities and equipment, such as water conservancy facilities, monitoring facilities, etc., long-term management of biological communities and vegetation types, solving the problems of invasive species or excessive sediments, and solving some unexpected events. Among them, the management of wetland ecosystems includes two parts during the construction period, namely infrastructure construction and plant community construction, and three parts during the operation and maintenance period, namely terrain maintenance, patrol and monitoring, and plant community management. Infrastructure construction includes terrain adjustment, river channel excavation and river channel stabilization, as well as necessary road construction and structure construction. The process of carrying out infrastructure construction requires a basic judgment of the ecosystem entered, especially in the space where the texture is basically preserved, it is necessary to adopt a "minimally invasive surgery" attitude rather than a comprehensive clearing and terrain adjustment method. Generally speaking, construction should avoid the winter migration and breeding seasons, but since summer is a period of possible flooding, and the biological life activities that different areas can carry are also divided into important / unimportant, sensitive / insensitive, so the infrastructure construction of different ecological functional zones should be divided in terms of start time and duration. The construction of vegetation communities includes the retention and replacement of trees, the retention and replacement of ground cover plants, and the planting of waterfront plants. The underlying logic of constructing vegetation communities should be to configure, adjust and plant with the goal of the local top succession community of the space. When designing, it is necessary to clearly identify the single tree standings to be retained and updated, identify important plant clusters and retain them completely, and other shrubs and grasslands do not need to achieve this level of precision. The planting area of ​​alien species shall not exceed 1 / 10 of the total area of ​​the region. Terrain maintenance includes the maintenance of river morphology, pond slopes, bank consolidation measures, and the work of turning the bottom mud to mulberry and bamboo fields. The intensity of terrain maintenance is generally high, especially affecting the topsoil and benthic environment. Sensitive seasons should be avoided. However, the species living in different areas are different, and the maintenance frequency is also different. It should be detailed and demonstrated in the detailed site design. Patrol and monitoring include management work and monitoring actions for rivers and land, invasive species and key species, illegal human activities, and different management of forestry, agriculture and water affairs. Specifically, it includes patrol routes, patrol frequencies, monitoring content and other aspects. Plant community management includes the removal of invasive plants, replanting of key plants, mowing of emergent plants and removal of submerged algae. Taking mowing as an example, reed / grass and shrubs are important spaces for small migratory songbirds to overwinter, and are also breeding spaces for other resident birds. The grass stubble after mowing is the breeding space for rails, and mowing may cause small songbirds that have already nested to lose their young or be forced to move away.Therefore, mowing should be carried out precisely in the short period between the breeding season and the migration season, that is, from mid-to-late August to mid-September. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that there is lush grass that has not been cleared in winter, and there must be shallow grass stubble that has not grown after cleaning in spring. If monitoring finds that important reeds have settled in, the mowing plan that has been formulated needs to be changed.

[0096] Furthermore, personnel management is carried out in the target priority restoration areas. The management of personnel entering the wetland ecosystem and the impact of human activities starts with the safety protection of non-construction personnel and the capacity building of greening maintenance personnel during the construction period, and explains from the two aspects of space opening and land and water use during the operation and maintenance period. Personnel entering the site during the construction period include construction personnel and non-construction personnel, as well as landscaping personnel after the construction is completed. Since many tasks have requirements for the construction time, season and duration, the construction sequence should be reasonably arranged from the perspective of ecological function protection, and the protection and isolation of the construction area should be done well. Taking vegetation management as an example, the maintenance of trees and shrubs during the construction period should be reduced as much as possible, and there is no need to manage the height of grass, so that the grass can be kept in its original state as much as possible; areas involving lawn laying do not need to be specially maintained in the first year, especially the management of "weeds", and a variety of native ground cover plants of non-invasive species can be retained after the construction is completed. In terms of the management of shrubs and "weeds", more refined requirements are put forward for the identification of native plants by landscaping personnel, and training on the identification of native plants and invasive plants that may be encountered should be increased before construction. The degree of spatial openness should be based on each ecological function zone, and managed from three aspects: the number of people entering, the number of activities carried out, and the time of stay. The people who may enter include tourists, local residents, maintenance personnel, and scientific researchers, and the negative impact on the ecosystem ranges from high to low. Therefore, based on the impact of people and activities on the space, the types of people who can enter each area should be clarified, and the activity time should be regulated. In the detailed design, the road system should be further considered on the basis of the current zoning, and the road opening management should be refined. The use of land and water should clarify the proportion of available space on the basis of the co-management mechanism, and adjust it according to the demand for resource use. The boundaries of the ecological function zones can be corrected based on the land activity management and the distance of people using the land, and the co-management organization can ensure that the overall function of the wetland is not reduced.

[0097] Step S207: Based on the monitoring data, the recovery status of the target priority recovery area is evaluated.

[0098] In this embodiment, the step of monitoring the wetland restoration status of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area for implementing the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data includes: monitoring the recovery of ecological elements and the recovery of the ecosystem in the above-mentioned target priority restoration area for implementing the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data; the recovery of the above-mentioned ecological elements includes: the recovery of soil, water bodies, animals, plants and microorganisms; the recovery of the ecosystem includes: the recovery of biological communities and systems formed by the effects of non-biological environments.

[0099] For ease of understanding, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a practical implementation flow of a wetland environment management project provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] The embodiment of the present invention provides a wetland environment management method, comprising: according to a preset priority restoration area discrimination standard, selecting a target priority restoration area that meets the above priority restoration area discrimination standard from the wetland restoration area; analyzing the ecosystem problems occurring in the above target priority restoration area based on the survey data of the above target priority restoration area; determining the humidity restoration target of the above target priority restoration area according to the above ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above target priority restoration area; and selecting a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold value as the reference wetland of the above target priority restoration area; the above reference Compared with the above-mentioned priority restoration areas, the above-mentioned reference wetlands are less disturbed by the ecosystem problems; according to the above-mentioned humidity restoration targets and the above-mentioned reference wetlands, the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures of the above-mentioned priority restoration areas are determined; according to the preset principles of ecosystem restoration and reconstruction, the functional design, risk assessment and restoration and reconstruction index system of the wetland ecosystem in the above-mentioned priority restoration areas are planned to obtain wetland restoration planning data; the wetland restoration status of the above-mentioned priority restoration areas implementing the above-mentioned wetland restoration planning data is monitored for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data; based on the above-mentioned monitoring data, the restoration of the above-mentioned priority restoration areas is evaluated. This method screens priority restoration areas, analyzes ecosystem problems, sets humidity restoration targets, selects reference wetlands, and formulates and implements wetland protection and restoration measures based on this, ultimately achieving effective management and restoration of wetland ecosystems, combined with subsequent restoration monitoring and evaluation, and forming a mature technical system process, further reducing the impact of the technical level of designers on project results in future related engineering applications, stably ensuring the quality of work results of natural wetland protection and restoration projects, and comprehensively improving the work efficiency of similar projects.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a wetland environment management device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] Depend on Figure 4 As can be seen, the device includes:

[0104] The area screening module 31 is used to screen out target priority restoration areas that meet the priority restoration area identification criteria from the wetland restoration areas according to the preset priority restoration area identification criteria.

[0105] The ecosystem problem analysis module 32 is used to analyze the ecosystem problems occurring in the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas based on the survey data of the above-mentioned target priority restoration areas.

[0106] The target determination module 33 is used to determine the humidity restoration target of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned ecosystem problems and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; and select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the above-mentioned target priority restoration area; compared with the above-mentioned target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the above-mentioned reference wetland are less disturbed.

[0107] The management module 34 is used to determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the above-mentioned target priority restoration area based on the above-mentioned humidity restoration target and the above-mentioned reference wetland.

[0108] The above-mentioned area screening module 31, ecosystem problem analysis module 32, target determination module 33 and management module 34 are connected in sequence.

[0109] The wetland environment management device provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same technical features as the wetland environment management method provided in the above embodiment, so it can also solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] Example 4

[0111] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer executable instructions to implement the steps of the wetland environment management method.

[0112] See also Figure 5The schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device shown in the figure comprises: a memory 41 and a processor 42. The memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor 42. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps provided by the above-mentioned wetland environment management method are implemented.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the device further includes: a bus 43 and a communication interface 44, a processor 42, a communication interface 44 and a memory 41 are connected via the bus 43; the processor 42 is used to execute executable modules stored in the memory 41, such as computer programs.

[0114] The memory 41 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 44 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0115] The bus 43 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0116] Among them, the memory 41 is used to store the program, and the processor 42 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction. The method performed by the wetland environment management device disclosed in any embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the processor 42, or implemented by the processor 42. The processor 42 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit in the processor 42 or the instruction in the form of software. The above processor 42 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium mature in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 41, and the processor 42 reads the information in the memory 41 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0117] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a machine-readable storage medium, which stores machine-executable instructions. When the machine-executable instructions are called and executed by the processor 42, the machine-executable instructions prompt the processor 42 to implement the above-mentioned wetland environment management method.

[0118] The wetland environment management method and wetland environment management device provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the same technical features, and therefore can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0119] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0120] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A wetland environment management method, characterized in that: include: According to the preset priority restoration area identification criteria, select the target priority restoration areas that meet the above priority restoration area identification criteria from the wetland restoration areas; Analyze the ecosystem problems in the target priority restoration area based on the survey data of the target priority restoration area; Determine the humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area according to the ecosystem problems and the structure and function of the system level corresponding to the target priority restoration area; and select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the target priority restoration area; compared with the target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problems of the reference wetland are less disturbed; Based on the humidity restoration target and the reference wetland, wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the target priority restoration area are determined.

2. The wetland environment management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of determining the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the target priority restoration area according to the humidity restoration target and the reference wetland, the method further comprises: According to the preset principles of ecosystem restoration and reconstruction, the functional design, risk assessment and restoration and reconstruction indicator system of the wetland ecosystem in the target priority restoration area are planned to obtain wetland restoration planning data; Monitoring the wetland restoration status of the target priority restoration area where the wetland restoration planning data is executed for a preset period of time to obtain monitoring data; Based on the monitoring data, the recovery status of the target priority recovery area is evaluated.

3. The wetland environment management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of monitoring the wetland restoration status of the target priority restoration area for executing the wetland restoration planning data for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data comprises: The recovery of ecological elements and the recovery of the ecosystem in the target priority restoration area where the wetland restoration planning data is implemented are monitored for a preset time period to obtain monitoring data; the recovery of ecological elements includes: the recovery of soil, water bodies, animals, plants and microorganisms; the recovery of the ecosystem includes: the recovery of biological communities and systems formed by the effects of non-biological environments.

4. The wetland environment management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of analyzing the ecosystem problems in the target priority restoration area based on the survey data of the target priority restoration area comprises: Based on the land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the target priority restoration area, analyze the ecosystem problems that arise in the target priority restoration area.

5. The wetland environment management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The land type changes include: the land type, area and regional change trends of the target priority restoration area; the species data include: the animal and plant species in the target priority restoration area and the corresponding numbers of the animal and plant species; the social data survey includes: the comprehensive development and management data of the villages where the residents are located in the target priority restoration area.

6. The wetland environment management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the land type changes, species data and social data survey of the target priority restoration area, the steps of analyzing the ecosystem problems in the target priority restoration area include: Based on the land type changes, species data and social data surveys in the target priority restoration area, analyze the endogenous problems and external interferences in the target priority restoration area; the endogenous problems include: wetland structure problems, human intervention problems and lack of wetland maintenance measures; the external interferences include: water quality interference in the target priority restoration area, industrial production model interference, agricultural pollution and regional artificial encroachment; According to the endogenous problems and the external disturbances, the habitat quality and sensitivity of the target priority restoration area are evaluated to obtain habitat quality and habitat sensitivity data; Based on the habitat quality and habitat sensitivity data, analyze the ecosystem problems that arise in the target priority restoration area.

7. The wetland environment management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area according to the ecosystem problem and the system-level structure and function corresponding to the target priority restoration area comprises: The humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area is determined based on the ecosystem problems and the spatial form, material cycle and industrial model corresponding to the target priority restoration area.

8. The wetland environment management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of determining wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the target priority restoration area according to the wetland restoration target and the reference wetland include: determining the wetland status of the reference wetland as the wetland status of the target priority restoration area before degradation; Based on the wetland status of the target priority restoration area before degradation and the humidity restoration target, determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures for the target priority restoration area.

9. A wetland environment management device, characterized in that: include: An area screening module is used to screen out target priority restoration areas that meet the priority restoration area discrimination criteria from the wetland restoration areas according to the preset priority restoration area discrimination criteria; An ecosystem problem analysis module, used to analyze ecosystem problems occurring in the target priority restoration area based on survey data of the target priority restoration area; A target determination module is used to determine the humidity restoration target of the target priority restoration area according to the ecosystem problem and the structure and function of the system level corresponding to the target priority restoration area; and select a reference wetland whose similarity with the environmental climate and habitat type of the target priority restoration area reaches a preset threshold as the reference wetland of the target priority restoration area; compared with the target priority restoration area, the ecosystem problem of the reference wetland is less disturbed; A management module is used to determine the wetland protection, restoration and operation management measures of the target priority restoration area based on the humidity restoration target and the reference wetland.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement the wetland environment management method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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