The invention relates to the field of
computer vision and target detection, in particular to the field of rotating
small target detection based on a
convolutional neural network, and particularly relates to a method for improving a YOLOv8 model by introducing a
Haar wavelet transform down-sampling module HWD, a
wavelet transform feature enhancement module WTFEM and a bounding box regression
loss function MPDIOU based on the minimum point distance. Therefore, the detection precision and robustness of the
small target are improved. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, replacing a down-sampling module in YOLOv8 with a
Haar wavelet transform down-sampling module HWD; the HWD uses
Haar wavelet transform to reduce the spatial resolution of the feature map, and at the same time, more information is reserved as much as possible. And secondly, a
Wavelet Transform Feature Enhancement Module (WTFEM) is innovatively introduced into a check part of the network, so that the limitation of a traditional
feature fusion mode is broken through, and the semantic understanding and detail retention capability of the model on a multi-scale target is remarkably improved. And finally, replacing the original
loss function with a bounding box regression
loss function MPDIOU based on the minimum point distance. According to the loss function, the
Euclidean distance of the nearest vertex between a prediction frame and a real frame is calculated, and an area overlapping rate and a central point distance optimization target are combined, so that the problem of gradient disappearance of a traditional IoU in a boundary frame non-overlapping scene is solved.