Physical wave optical demonstration instrument

Abstract

The invention provides a physical wave optics demonstration instrument, and relates to the technical field of physics teaching and science popularization instruments.The physical wave optics demonstration instrument comprises a demonstration instrument shell, a demonstration instrument frame and background cloth, a sliding groove is formed outside the demonstration instrument shell, the exterior of the demonstration instrument frame is slidably connected with a first sliding block, and the first sliding block slides on the inner wall of the sliding groove; a steel wire ring is fixedly installed outside the background cloth, the second telescopic rod is connected with a folding fixing assembly, and the folding fixing assembly comprises a first fixing block, a second fixing block and a third fixing block. The device is designed to better show double-slit interference and thin film interference of light rays, the fluctuation property and interference phenomenon of the light are proved through an optical double-slit interference experiment, and the fluctuation property of the light is further verified through a thin film interference experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of physics teaching and popular science instruments, in particular to a physical wave optics demonstrator. Background Art

[0002] Optical wave mechanics is a discipline that studies the wave properties of light and its interaction with matter. In the background technology of optical wave mechanics, wave optics: Wave optics is the basic theory of optics, which studies the propagation, interference, diffraction and polarization of light. Interference and diffraction: Interference and diffraction are important manifestations of the wave properties of light. Interference refers to the phenomenon that two or more light waves meet and produce a superposition effect to form light and dark stripes. Diffraction refers to the phenomenon that light is deflected and expanded when it passes through a small hole or the edge of an object. Wavefront modulation and transformation: Wavefront modulation and transformation technology is a method used in optics to change the phase and amplitude distribution of light waves. Optical interferometer: Optical interferometer is an important tool for studying and measuring the wave properties of light. For example, Michelson interferometer, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, etc. are classic interference instruments used to measure the phase difference of light and the change of the shape of the light wave surface. These instruments provide key experimental means for studying the wave properties of light. Laser technology: Laser technology is an important tool and foundation in the study of optical wave mechanics. Lasers have high coherence and directionality and can produce stable and high-quality light waves. The development of laser technology has provided more precise light sources for optical interference and diffraction experiments and promoted many applications in the field of optics.

[0003] At present, when teaching optical physics to students, wave optics demonstrators are often used to demonstrate phenomena such as interference, diffraction and polarization of light during the learning process. The existing optical demonstrators have a relatively fixed structure and most of them can only demonstrate one optical physics demonstration effect, with a single function, and are not convenient to use, assemble and carry daily, resulting in the inability to meet current usage requirements. Therefore, a physical wave optics demonstrator is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to make it easier for students to understand the principles of physical light wave experiments and deepen their impressions. A device is designed to better demonstrate the double-slit interference and thin-film interference of light. The wave properties and interference phenomenon of light are proved through the optical double-slit interference experiment, and the wave properties of light are further verified through the thin-film interference experiment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A physical wave optics demonstrator, comprising a demonstrator shell, a demonstrator frame and a background cloth, wherein a sliding groove is provided on the outside of the demonstrator shell, a first sliding block is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame, the first sliding block slides on the inner wall of the sliding groove, a wire ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the background cloth, the demonstrator frame is movably connected to the demonstrator shell, a sliding baffle is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame, a third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame, a fourth light baffle is fixedly installed on the outside of the third rotating shaft, and the fourth light baffle is slidably connected to the first light baffle;

[0007] A No. 1 sliding column is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstrator frame, a No. 2 sliding column is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstrator frame, a storage groove is opened on the outside of the demonstrator frame, a No. 1 telescopic rod is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame, a No. 2 telescopic rod is slidably connected to the outside of the No. 1 telescopic rod, the No. 2 telescopic rod is connected to a folding and fixing assembly, and the folding and fixing assembly includes a No. 1 fixing block, a No. 2 fixing block and a No. 3 fixing block.

[0008] Preferably, the second telescopic rod is externally rotatably connected to a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first fixing block, a fixing groove is provided on the outside of the first fixing block, and the fixing groove is engaged with the background cloth.

[0009] Preferably, a No. 2 groove is provided on the outside of the No. 2 telescopic rod, the No. 3 fixing block slides on the inner wall of the No. 2 groove, a No. 1 spring is fixedly installed on the outside of the No. 2 groove, and one end of the No. 1 spring away from the inner wall of the No. 2 groove is fixedly connected to the No. 3 fixing block.

[0010] Preferably, a No. 3 groove is provided on the outside of the No. 3 fixing block, the No. 2 fixing block slides on the inner wall of the No. 3 groove, the inner wall of the No. 3 groove is rotatably connected with a No. 2 rotating shaft, the No. 2 fixing block is rotatably connected to the outside of the No. 2 rotating shaft, a No. 1 retaining spring is fixedly installed on the outside of the No. 2 fixing block, and the end of the No. 1 retaining spring away from the No. 2 fixing block is fixedly connected to the No. 2 rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the No. 1 sliding column slides on the outside of the demonstrator housing, the No. 2 sliding column slides on the outside of the demonstrator housing, the No. 1 light baffle is fixedly connected to the No. 1 sliding column, the No. 4 light baffle is slidably connected to the outside of the No. 2 light baffle, and the No. 2 light baffle is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sliding column.

[0012] Preferably, a circular ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the fourth light-blocking plate, a water storage ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the circular ring, a water reservoir is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame, and the water reservoir is embedded in the circular ring.

[0013] Preferably, the first sliding block is rotatably connected to a fourth rotating shaft on the outside, and a third light blocking plate is fixedly installed on the fourth rotating shaft on the outside.

[0014] Preferably, a window sill is fixedly installed outside the demonstrator frame, and the number of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod is two groups and are symmetrically distributed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, by controlling the fourth light-blocking plate, it can be flipped over to demonstrate the double-slit interference and quickly switch to demonstrate the thin-film interference experiment, which can prove that interference occurs when light is reflected and refracted between media, thereby revealing the wave nature of light and the law of refraction, and further verifying the wave nature of light.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, by designing the background cloth and the storage groove, the background cloth can be rotated and folded and stored in the storage groove. At the teaching site, sometimes due to site limitations, it is necessary to save space as much as possible. If the teaching demonstration device cannot be stored, it will take up a lot of space, affecting the teaching effect and the comfort of the participants. Rotating and folding the background cloth into the storage groove can effectively save space and allow the teaching demonstration device to provide better protection.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, by designing the fourth rotating shaft and the circular ring, soap bubbles can be used to demonstrate the thin film interference experiment. The circular ring can make the soap bubbles exist for a longer time, which is convenient for observation. Using soap bubbles to demonstrate the thin film interference experiment can make students understand the experimental principles and phenomena more intuitively. Using soap bubbles to conduct experiments can allow students to actively participate and master the experimental principles and phenomena through their own operations, thereby enhancing students' learning interest and interactivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a physical wave optics demonstrator of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a physical wave optics demonstrator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a physical wave optics demonstrator according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a physical wave optics demonstrator of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A fourth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a physical wave optics demonstrator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A fifth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a physical wave optics demonstrator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Demonstrator housing; 2. Demonstrator frame; 3. Background cloth; 4. Sliding column No. 1; 5. Sliding column No. 2; 6. Sliding baffle; 7. Sliding block No. 1; 8. Wire ring; 9. Sliding groove; 10. Telescopic rod No. 1; 11. Telescopic rod No. 2; 12. Storage groove; 13. Fixed groove; 14. Fixed block No. 1; 15. Rotating shaft No. 1; 16. Fixed block No. 2; 17. Fixed block No. 3; 18. Groove No. 2; 19. Groove No. 3; 20. Spring No. 1; 21. Rotating shaft No. 2; 22. Retaining spring No. 1; 23. Light baffle No. 1; 24. Light baffle No. 2; 25. Light baffle No. 3; 26. Light baffle No. 4; 27. Window sill; 28. Rotating shaft No. 3; 29. ​​Water reservoir; 30. Rotating shaft No. 4; 31. Ring; 32. Water storage ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] See also Figure 1-8 A physical wave optical demonstrator comprises a demonstrator shell 1, a demonstrator frame 2 and a background cloth 3. A sliding groove 9 is provided on the outside of the demonstrator shell 1. A first sliding block 7 is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame 2. The first sliding block 7 slides on the inner wall of the sliding groove 9. A wire ring 8 is fixedly installed on the outside of the background cloth 3. The demonstrator frame 2 is movably connected to the demonstrator shell 1. A sliding baffle 6 is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame 2. A third rotating shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame 2. A fourth light baffle 26 is fixedly installed on the outside of the third rotating shaft 28. The fourth light baffle 26 is slidably connected to the first light baffle 23.

[0031] A No. 1 sliding column 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame 2, a No. 2 sliding column 5 is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame 2, a storage groove 12 is opened on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame 2, a No. 1 telescopic rod 10 is slidably connected to the outside of the No. 1 telescopic rod 10, a No. 2 telescopic rod 11 is slidably connected to the outside of the No. 1 telescopic rod 10, and the No. 2 telescopic rod 11 is connected to a folding and fixing assembly, and the folding and fixing assembly includes a No. 1 fixing block 14, a No. 2 fixing block 16 and a No. 3 fixing block 17, and the No. 2 telescopic rod 11 is externally rotatably connected to a No. 1 rotating shaft 15, the No. 1 rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the No. 1 fixing block 14, and a fixing groove 13 is opened on the outside of the No. 1 fixing block 14, and the fixing groove 13 is embedded with the background cloth 3;

[0032] A second groove 18 is formed outside the second telescopic rod 11, and a third fixing block 17 slides on the inner wall of the second groove 18. A first spring 20 is fixedly installed outside the second groove 18, and one end of the first spring 20 away from the inner wall of the second groove 18 is fixedly connected to the third fixing block 17;

[0033] A No. 3 groove 19 is provided on the outside of the No. 3 fixing block 17, and the No. 2 fixing block 16 slides on the inner wall of the No. 3 groove 19. The inner wall of the No. 3 groove 19 is rotatably connected with the No. 2 rotating shaft 21, and the No. 2 fixing block 16 is rotatably connected to the outside of the No. 2 rotating shaft 21. A No. 1 retaining spring 22 is fixedly installed on the outside of the No. 2 fixing block 16, and the end of the No. 1 retaining spring 22 away from the No. 2 fixing block 16 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 rotating shaft 21.

[0034] When it is necessary to use a physical wave light demonstrator to conduct a double-slit interference experiment to prove the wave properties and interference phenomenon of light, the second telescopic rod 11 is pulled. Since the first telescopic rod 10 slides on the inner wall of the demonstrator frame 2, and since the second telescopic rod 11 slides on the inner wall of the first telescopic rod 10, the second telescopic rod 11 is pulled to expand the first telescopic rod 10 and the second telescopic rod 11. At the same time, the third fixing block 17 is squeezed under the release of the elastic force of the first spring 20. When the third fixing block 17 pops out from the inner wall of the second groove 18, it drives the first fixing block 14 to move.

[0035] Further, under the release of the elastic force of the No. 1 clamping spring 22, the No. 2 fixing block 16 squeezes the No. 1 fixing block 14, and finally the wire ring 8 is embedded in the inner wall of the fixing groove 13. Further, the sliding baffle 6 is pushed upward to place the lit alcohol lamp on the window sill 27. Further, the No. 1 sliding column 4, the No. 2 sliding column 5 and the No. 1 sliding block 7 are moved to adjust the size of the gap and the position of the No. 3 light baffle 25, so that the light emitted by the alcohol lamp is projected onto the background cloth 3 through the gap between the No. 3 light baffle 25 and the No. 2 fixing block 16, thereby forming stripes.

[0036] The double-slit interference experiment makes it possible to understand the wave nature of light. The double-slit interference experiment proves that light has wave properties. They can be superimposed on each other to produce interference fringes, which shows that light can not only propagate like particles, but also exhibit wave behavior. Through the double-slit interference experiment, the wavelength and frequency of light can be measured. The spacing of the interference fringes is related to the wavelength of light, so the characteristics of the interference fringes can be used to measure the wavelength of light.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] See also Figure 1-8 Based on the first embodiment, the first sliding column 4 slides outside the demonstrator housing 1, the second sliding column 5 slides outside the demonstrator housing 1, the first light shielding plate 23 is fixedly connected to the first sliding column 4, the fourth light shielding plate 26 is externally slidably connected to the second light shielding plate 24, the second light shielding plate 24 is fixedly connected to the second sliding column 5, the fourth light shielding plate 26 is externally fixedly installed with a ring 31, and the ring 31 is externally fixedly installed with a water storage ring 32;

[0039] A water reservoir 29 is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame 2, and the water reservoir 29 is embedded in the ring 31. The No. 1 sliding block 7 is rotatably connected to the outside of the No. 4 rotating shaft 30, and the No. 3 light blocking plate 25 is fixedly installed on the outside of the No. 4 rotating shaft 30. A window sill 27 is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame 2. The number of the No. 1 telescopic rod 10 and the No. 2 telescopic rod 11 is two groups and is symmetrically distributed.

[0040] When the physical wave light demonstrator is used to conduct a thin film interference experiment, soap water is injected into the fourth rotating shaft 30 so that the water storage ring 32 absorbs the soap water. At the same time, the fourth light blocking plate 26 is moved. Since the fourth light blocking plate 26 is fixedly connected to the circular ring 31, the fourth light blocking plate 26 moves and drives the circular ring 31 to move, so that a bubble film is formed on the inner wall of the water storage ring 32. At the same time, the fourth rotating shaft 30 is rotated. Since the fourth rotating shaft 30 is fixedly connected to the third light blocking plate 25, the fourth rotating shaft 30 rotates and drives the third light blocking plate 25 to move.

[0041] Furthermore, a lit alcohol lamp is placed on the windowsill 27, and a bubble film is formed through the inner wall of the water storage ring 32 to reflect the light of the alcohol lamp on the windowsill 27 into stripes. The thin film interference experiment further verifies the wave nature of light. When light passes through a medium interface or film with different refractive indices, reflection and refraction will occur, and the propagation process of this light will produce interference. This phenomenon is consistent with the prediction of wave theory. Using the thin film interference experiment, the thickness of the film can be accurately measured by observing the displacement of the interference fringes or changing the incident angle to measure the thickness of the film.

[0042] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical wave optics demonstrator, comprising a demonstrator housing (1), a demonstrator frame (2) and a background cloth (3), characterized in that: The demonstrator housing (1) is provided with a sliding groove (9), the demonstrator frame (2) is externally slidably connected to a first sliding block (7), the first sliding block (7) slides on the inner wall of the sliding groove (9), a wire ring (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of the background cloth (3), the demonstrator frame (2) is movably connected to the demonstrator housing (1), the demonstrator frame (2) is externally slidably connected to a sliding baffle (6), the demonstrator frame (2) is externally rotatably connected to a third rotating shaft (28), the third rotating shaft (28) is externally fixedly installed with a fourth light blocking plate (26), and the fourth light blocking plate (26) is externally slidably connected to the first light blocking plate (23); A first sliding column (4) is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstrator frame (2), a second sliding column (5) is fixedly installed on the outside of the demonstrator frame (2), a storage groove (12) is opened on the outside of the demonstrator frame (2), a first telescopic rod (10) is slidably connected to the outside of the demonstrator frame (2), a second telescopic rod (11) is slidably connected to the outside of the first telescopic rod (10), and a folding and fixing assembly is connected to the second telescopic rod (11), and the folding and fixing assembly includes a first fixing block (14), a second fixing block (16) and a third fixing block (17).

2. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second telescopic rod (11) is externally rotatably connected to a first rotating shaft (15), the first rotating shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the first fixed block (14), the first fixed block (14) is externally provided with a fixing groove (13), and the fixing groove (13) is engaged with the background cloth (3).

3. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A No. 2 groove (18) is formed on the outside of the No. 2 telescopic rod (11); the No. 3 fixing block (17) slides on the inner wall of the No. 2 groove (18); a No. 1 spring (20) is fixedly installed on the outside of the No. 2 groove (18); and one end of the No. 1 spring (20) away from the inner wall of the No. 2 groove (18) is fixedly connected to the No. 3 fixing block (17).

4. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third groove (19) is formed on the outside of the third fixing block (17); the second fixing block (16) slides on the inner wall of the third groove (19); the inner wall of the third groove (19) is rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft (21); the outside of the second rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the second fixing block (16); a first retaining spring (22) is fixedly installed on the outside of the second fixing block (16); one end of the first retaining spring (22) away from the second fixing block (16) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (21).

5. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding column (4) slides outside the demonstrator housing (1), the second sliding column (5) slides outside the demonstrator housing (1), the first light blocking plate (23) is fixedly connected to the first sliding column (4), the fourth light blocking plate (26) is slidably connected to the second light blocking plate (24) outside, and the second light blocking plate (24) is fixedly connected to the second sliding column (5).

6. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular ring (31) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the fourth light shield (26), a water storage ring (32) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the circular ring (31), a water reservoir (29) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the demonstration instrument frame (2), and the water reservoir (29) is embedded in the circular ring (31).

7. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding block (7) is rotatably connected to a fourth rotating shaft (30) on the outside, and a third light blocking plate (25) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the fourth rotating shaft (30).

8. A physical wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A window sill (27) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the demonstrator frame (2), and the number of the first telescopic rod (10) and the number of the second telescopic rod (11) is two groups and they are symmetrically distributed.

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