Ultrasonic-guided inferior abdominal transverse muscle plane block model and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical experiments, and discloses an ultrasound-guided inferior transverse abdominal muscle plane block model, which comprises meat for simulating oblique abdominal external muscles, oblique abdominal internal muscles and transverse abdominal muscles, a 100ml or 250ml medical normal saline bag and methylene blue for simulating an internal scene of an abdominal cavity and helping a student to judge a puncture position, and a fixing container for fixing the model, and the stability of trainees in a puncture experiment is ensured. According to the invention, the streaky pork is used as a simulation material, and the trend and the level of muscle fibers of the streaky pork can highly simulate the characteristics of human abdominal wall muscles, so that a trainee can obtain a hand feeling close to that of real human body operation in simulation training, and the accuracy and the sense of reality of the operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical experiments, and in particular to an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The transverse abdominis plane block is a regional anesthetic technique that is often performed as part of a multimodal analgesia plan for patients undergoing a variety of abdominal surgeries.

[0003] In clinical practice, TAP block can be widely used for auxiliary analgesia after abdominal surgery such as liver, bile duct, gastrointestinal tract and pelvic surgery. However, although TAP block has the advantages of high drug safety, few complications and easy operation, it is not without the risk of iatrogenic injury, such as peritoneal puncture, liver injury, intrafascicular nerve injury, etc. Ultrasound-guided visualization technology can significantly reduce the incidence of these complications and improve the success rate of the block.

[0004] However, anesthesia guidelines recommend not learning nerve block techniques on patients because beginners' operations may cause psychological and physical trauma to patients. In addition, existing models for simulating TAP block mostly use simple materials such as pork and tofu. These models can guide the puncture path under ultrasound guidance, but lack simulation of catheterization technology and intuitive feedback on puncture effects. Therefore, a model that is closer to actual clinical operations is needed to improve the training effect of trainees. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to remedy the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model and a production method, aiming to improve the problem mentioned in the prior art that "the current simulation experiments lack simulation of catheterization technology and intuitive feedback on puncture effects".

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model, comprising:

[0007] Meat: used to simulate the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles;

[0008] Physiological saline and methylene blue: used to simulate the internal abdominal cavity scene and help students determine the puncture location;

[0009] Fixed container: used to fix the model to ensure the stability of students during puncture experiments;

[0010] A method for making an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1: Prepare the meat

[0012] It includes two layers of muscles, the fascia layer in the middle, simulating the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles;

[0013] S2: Making an abdominal cavity simulator

[0014] Use a full 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag and mix methylene blue and saline in the same proportion;

[0015] S3: Model Assembly

[0016] Place a bag of saline solution containing methylene blue under the meat block to ensure that the liquid is evenly distributed to simulate the abdominal cavity, and then fix the meat block and saline solution with a fixed container to ensure that the model does not slide during use;

[0017] S4: Fixed model

[0018] Secure the meat and saline bag with a fixed container to ensure that they do not slide during the puncture test and that the liquid does not leak;

[0019] S5: Perform ultrasound-guided exercises

[0020] Use appropriate equipment to scan the prepared model to determine the position of the banner muscle plane, then use the puncture needle to practice puncture, and finally connect the syringe to the puncture needle and push normal saline to verify whether the needle tip is in the correct position. Once the puncture is made into the abdominal cavity, blue liquid can be seen in the puncture needle.

[0021] S6: Post-maintenance

[0022] After the puncture practice, pour out the liquid in the model, clean the fixed container to ensure that there is no residue, take out the meat to prevent deterioration, reuse a complete 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag, place the meat, and fix the model for the next use.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The meat selection includes but is not limited to pork belly, beef belly and pork tenderloin, wherein the size of pork belly is 12-15cm in length, 8cm in width and 4-5cm in thickness, the size of beef belly is 14-16cm in length, 9cm in width and 5-6cm in thickness, and the size of pork tenderloin is 12-14cm in length, 7cm in width and 3-4cm in thickness.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] Use a full 100ml or 250ml bag of medical saline solution with a 1% concentration of methylene blue.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0028] The fixed container includes but is not limited to a disposable lunch box or a transparent plastic box.

[0029] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0030] The scanning device in S5 uses a linear array ultrasound probe, and the puncture needle is a 22G short bevel needle of 6-8 cm.

[0031] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0032] The injection solution in the syringe in S5 is sodium chloride with a concentration of 0.9% and a capacity of 15-20 ml.

[0033] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. In the present invention, by using pork belly as the simulation material, the direction and layering of its muscle fibers can highly imitate the characteristics of the human abdominal wall muscles, especially the structure of the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles, ensuring that the trainees can obtain a feel close to that of real human operations in the simulation training, thereby improving the accuracy and realism of the operation.

[0035] 2. In the present invention, by injecting normal saline, the diffusion of liquid after puncturing into the muscle plane can be clearly seen. By using a mixture of methylene blue and normal saline, it can be verified whether the needle tip position is correct. Once punctured into the abdominal cavity, blue liquid can be seen in the puncture needle, which further improves the success of training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process flow of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model and a manufacturing method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of pork belly in S1 of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of pork belly and liquid simulated abdominal cavity of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention, in which pork belly and liquid are placed in a lunch box to make a model, and an ultrasound probe and a model as well as a puncture needle are connected to a 20 ml syringe of normal saline (left to right);

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an ultrasound probe of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention placed on the model for scanning;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the first step of puncture needle puncture under ultrasound scanning in an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the second step of puncture needle puncture under ultrasound scanning in an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the model arrangement after the operation of an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model in the present invention is completed;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the abdominal structure displayed under ultrasound in an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a puncture needle displayed under ultrasound in an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the needle tip reaching the base plane of the transverse abdominal muscle before drug injection in an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal muscle plane block model of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of a transverse abdominal plane block model under ultrasound guidance in the present invention, which shows fusiform dispersion after drug injection (successful puncture). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] Reference Figure 1-Figure 12 :

[0051] This embodiment provides an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model, including:

[0052] Meat, fixed container, 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag and 1% methylene blue;

[0053] Specifically, meat is used to simulate the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles. A bag of saline mixed with methylene blue is used to simulate the internal scene of the abdominal cavity to help students determine the puncture position. A fixed container is used to fix the model to ensure the stability of students during the puncture experiment. A disposable lunch box is used, which is slightly larger than the meat so as to accommodate the meat and the saline bag.

[0054] This embodiment also provides a method for making an ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: Prepare the meat

[0056] It includes two layers of muscles, the fascia layer in the middle, simulating the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles;

[0057] S2: Making an abdominal cavity simulator

[0058] Use a full 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag and mix methylene blue and saline in the same proportion;

[0059] S3: Model Assembly

[0060] Place a bag of saline solution containing methylene blue under the meat block to ensure that the liquid is evenly distributed to simulate the abdominal cavity, and then fix the meat block and saline solution with a fixed container to ensure that the model does not slide during use;

[0061] S4: Fixed model

[0062] Secure the meat and saline bag with a fixed container to ensure that they do not slide during the puncture test and that the liquid does not leak;

[0063] S5: Perform ultrasound-guided exercises

[0064] Use appropriate equipment to scan the prepared model to determine the position of the banner muscle plane, then use the puncture needle to practice puncture, and finally connect the syringe to the puncture needle and push normal saline to verify whether the needle tip is in the correct position. Once the puncture is made into the abdominal cavity, blue liquid can be seen in the puncture needle.

[0065] S6: Post-maintenance

[0066] After the puncture practice, pour out the liquid in the model, clean the fixed container to ensure that there is no residue, take out the meat to prevent deterioration, reuse a complete 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag, place the meat, and fix the model for the next use.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the pork belly with a length of 12-15 cm, a width of 8 cm, and a thickness of 4-5 cm is replaced with beef belly with a length of 14-16 cm, a width of 9 cm, and a thickness of 5-6 cm, the 100 ml medical saline bag is replaced with a 250 ml saline, and the disposable lunch box is replaced with a transparent plastic box, and the operating procedure remains unchanged.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] The difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is that the beef belly with a length of 14-16 cm, a width of 9 cm, and a thickness of 5-6 cm is replaced with pork tenderloin with a length of 12-14 cm, a width of 7 cm, and a thickness of 3-4 cm, the 100 ml medical saline bag is replaced with 250 ml of saline, the puncture needle selection specification is replaced with a 22G 6 cm short bevel needle, the transparent plastic box is replaced with a disposable lunch box, and the 20 ml of the syringe capacity is replaced with 15 ml, and the other operating procedures remain unchanged.

[0071] Through experimental operation, the following table data is obtained:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] The following results are obtained from the above table:

[0075] Types of meat:

[0076] Pork belly has the highest simulation degree and feels good to operate, making it suitable for beginners. Beef belly has a higher simulation degree, but the meat layer is thicker, making it slightly more difficult to operate. Pork tenderloin lacks a fat layer, so its simulation degree is lower and its success rate is also lower.

[0077] Saline bag liquid volume:

[0078] 100ml of liquid in a saline bag: can better simulate the contents of the abdominal cavity;

[0079] Physiological saline bag 250ml liquid: larger area, capable of more frequent operations.

[0080] Fixed container:

[0081] Disposable lunch box: provides basic fixing functions but has low transparency;

[0082] Transparent plastic box: high transparency, convenient for observing the internal structure, improving students' self-confidence and operation success rate.

[0083] Needle Gauges and Syringe Capacities:

[0084] 22G 8cm needle, 20ml syringe: simulates actual clinical operation, feels close to actual operation;

[0085] 22G 6cm needle, 15ml syringe: suitable for thinner pieces of meat, reducing the injection volume, but less practical.

[0086] In summary, using pork belly to simulate the puncture experiment is the best.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model, characterized by: include: Meat: used to simulate the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles; 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag and methylene blue: used to simulate the internal abdominal cavity scene and help students determine the puncture location; Fixed container: used to fix the model to ensure the stability of students during puncture experiments.

2. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Prepare the meat It includes two layers of muscles, the fascia layer in the middle, simulating the external oblique muscles, internal oblique muscles and transverse abdominal muscles; S2: Making an abdominal cavity simulator Use a full 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag and mix methylene blue and saline in the same proportion; S3: Model Assembly Place a bag of saline solution containing methylene blue under the meat block to ensure that the liquid is evenly distributed to simulate the abdominal cavity, and then fix the meat block and saline solution with a fixed container to ensure that the model does not slide during use; S4: Fixed model Secure the meat and saline bag with a fixed container to ensure that they do not slide during the puncture test and that the liquid does not leak; S5: Perform ultrasound-guided exercises Use appropriate equipment to scan the prepared model to determine the position of the transverse abdominal muscle plane, then use the puncture needle to practice puncture, and finally connect the syringe to the puncture needle and push normal saline to verify whether the needle tip is in the correct position. Once the puncture needle enters the abdominal cavity, blue liquid can be seen. S6: Post-maintenance After the puncture practice, pour out the liquid in the model, clean the fixed container to ensure that there is no residue, take out the meat to prevent deterioration, reuse a complete 100ml or 250ml medical saline bag, place the meat, and fix the model for the next use.

3. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meat selection includes but is not limited to pork belly, beef belly and pork tenderloin, wherein the size of pork belly is 12-15cm in length, 8cm in width and 4-5cm in thickness, the size of beef belly is 14-16cm in length, 9cm in width and 5-6cm in thickness, and the size of pork tenderloin is 12-14cm in length, 7cm in width and 3-4cm in thickness.

4. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Use a full 100ml or 250ml bag of medical saline solution with a 1% concentration of methylene blue.

5. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed container includes but is not limited to a disposable lunch box or a transparent plastic box.

6. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scanning device in S5 uses a linear array ultrasound probe, and the puncture needle is a 22G short bevel needle of 6-8 cm.

7. The method for making the ultrasound-guided transverse abdominal plane block model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The injection solution in the syringe in S5 is sodium chloride with a concentration of 0.9% and a capacity of 15-20 ml.

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