A fabrication process for a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator

Abstract

This invention discloses a manufacturing process for a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator, belonging to the field of insulating materials technology. By coating and vulcanizing modified silicone rubber onto the roughened surface of the ceramic rod, this invention combines the advantages of both ceramic rods and modified silicone rubber, improving the mechanical strength of the composite insulator to withstand greater mechanical loads; enhancing the weather resistance of the ceramic insulator to prevent performance degradation in harsh environments; and improving its anti-pollution flashover performance to reduce discharge phenomena caused by pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulating materials technology, and specifically to a manufacturing process for a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator. Background Technology

[0002] In power transmission systems, suspension rod insulators are key components, playing a crucial role in isolating conductors from the ground and preventing current leakage. Traditionally, suspension rod insulators are mostly made of a single ceramic material. Although this material has good electrical insulation properties and mechanical strength, it has poor weather resistance in harsh environments (such as high temperature, humidity, and pollution), and is prone to aging and cracking, thus affecting its service life and electrical performance.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of traditional porcelain suspension rod insulators, the industry has begun to explore the use of composite materials to manufacture insulators. Among them, composite porcelain suspension rod insulators, as a novel material, combine the excellent electrical insulation properties of porcelain with the weather resistance and anti-aging properties of composite materials, and have gradually become a research hotspot. However, the manufacturing process of composite porcelain suspension rod insulators still faces many challenges, especially in the treatment of the porcelain column surface. How to form a protective layer that can both protect the porcelain column from environmental corrosion and maintain good electrical insulation performance is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN106243859A discloses an anti-pollution flashover insulator, comprising an insulator body and a coating applied to the surface of the body. The coating is a nano-fluorocarbon coating, comprising the following components by mass percentage: 5-10% nano-silica, 5-10% crosslinking agent, 8-14% organometallic compound, and the remainder being fluorocarbon paint. The anti-pollution flashover insulator provided by this invention has its inner and outer surfaces completely covered with the nano-fluorocarbon coating. Due to the good film-forming properties, strong hiding power and hardness of the nano-fluorocarbon coating, as well as its strong and reliable adhesion, the anti-pollution flashover insulator of this invention exhibits excellent hydrophobic properties, mechanical properties, pollution resistance, and ice-melting properties, significantly reducing the probability of flashover and ensuring the safe operation of the power grid. The nano-silica used in this invention is a nano-compound, which has the defect of easy agglomeration in the coating matrix, resulting in poor mechanical properties of the coating, thus affecting the insulator's safety during use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a manufacturing process for a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator. This process involves coating and vulcanizing a modified silicone rubber onto the roughened surface of the ceramic rod, combining the advantages of both ceramic rods and modified silicone rubber. This improves the mechanical strength of the composite insulator, enabling it to withstand greater mechanical loads; enhances the weather resistance of the ceramic insulator, preventing performance degradation in harsh environments; and improves its anti-pollution flashover performance, reducing discharge phenomena caused by pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a high-performance composite porcelain suspension rod insulator, comprising a porcelain column insulator body and modified silicone rubber coated on the surface of the porcelain column insulator body; the porcelain column insulator body comprises the following components by weight: 10-25 parts Qingyuan clay, 10-20 parts Ash clay, 8-15 parts kiln clay, 15-25 parts porcelain clay, 5-20 parts bauxite, 5-15 parts nano silicon carbide, 3-10 parts quartz sand, 10-15 parts modified epoxy resin, and 5-8 parts curing agent.

[0007] Preferably, the modified epoxy resin is prepared by the following method:

[0008] Carbon fibers were plasma-treated and then impregnated in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. After drying, pretreated carbon fibers were obtained. Carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide, and 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid and EDC / NHS aqueous solution were added to adjust the pH to 4-6. The mixture was heated to react, and after cooling, the pretreated carbon fibers were impregnated in the reaction solution. After impregnation, the carbon fibers were removed, dried, pulverized, and sieved to obtain polymer-coated carbon fibers. The polymer-coated carbon fibers were added to epoxy resin and stirred to mix evenly to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether, 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid, and pretreated carbon fiber is 100:8-10:6-10; the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution is 30-40 mM / L, and the concentration of NHS is 40-50 mM / L; the mass ratio of the polymer-coated carbon fiber and epoxy resin is 10-15:50-70.

[0010] The modified epoxy resin used in this invention is obtained by toughening and modifying epoxy resin by coating carbon fibers with polymers. The preparation method first involves plasma treatment of carbon fibers to form surface micropits, increasing the surface roughness of the fibers, which is beneficial to improving the bonding strength between carbon fibers and polymers. By treating with alkali, the functional groups on the surface can be activated, further improving the bonding strength between carbon fibers and polymers. Then, carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether and 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid react under the action of carboxyl activator EDC / NHS. The addition of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid can introduce active hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the polymer molecules, which can enhance the interfacial bonding force between the modified epoxy resin and natural mineral raw materials. On the other hand, carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether is an elastomer with lubricating properties. Introducing it into epoxy resin can synergistically improve the toughness and impact resistance of epoxy resin with carbon fibers, improve the mechanical properties of epoxy resin, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the ceramic column insulator body.

[0011] Preferably, the curing agent is a polyamide curing agent and / or an anhydride curing agent.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Weigh each raw material according to the formula, mix Qingyuan clay, ash clay, kiln clay, porcelain clay and bauxite evenly, and then put them into a ball mill to ball mill to obtain a mixture.

[0014] S2, Wet ball milling: Nano silicon carbide, quartz sand, and modified epoxy resin are added to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Water is added and wet ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. Then, a curing agent is added and mixed evenly to obtain a base material.

[0015] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added into the mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body.

[0016] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: Put raw silicone rubber into a kneader, add structure control agent, filler, anti-aging agent and accelerator to mix, then add vulcanizing agent, pass through thin sheet to obtain modified silicone rubber.

[0017] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0018] S6. Vulcanization molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding to obtain a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator.

[0019] Preferably, the particle size of the mixture in step S1 is 50-200 mesh.

[0020] Preferably, the amount of water added in step S2 is 5-10% of the mass of the mixture.

[0021] Preferably, the degassing process in step S3 is performed under vacuum conditions: first at 25-35°C for 1-2 hours, then at 50-60°C for 0.5-1 hours.

[0022] Preferably, the heating and curing conditions in step S3 are: first curing at 70-80℃ for 4-5 hours, and then curing at 130-140℃ for 4-5 hours.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, the structure control agent is hydroxyl silicone oil and / or diphenylsilanediol; the filler is at least one of silica, aluminum hydroxide, modified nano titanium dioxide, and alumina fiber; the accelerator is triethanolamine; the anti-aging agent is a phenolic anti-aging agent; and the vulcanizing agent is at least one of dicumyl peroxide, sulfur, and sodium isobutyl xanthate.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation process of the modified silicone rubber in step S4 is as follows: methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and silica, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxyl silicone oil, diphenylsilanediol, and triethanolamine are added. After uniform mixing, modified nano titanium dioxide, alumina fiber, and 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 130-150℃, and kneaded for 1-2 hours at -0.1MPa to -0.08MPa. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 18-24 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, a vulcanizing agent is added, and it is passed through a thin mill 5-10 times. The compound is then sheeted and allowed to stand for 18-24 hours to obtain the modified silicone rubber.

[0025] Preferably, in step S4, the mass ratio of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, silica, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxyl silicone oil, diphenylsilanediol, triethanolamine, modified nano-titanium dioxide, alumina fiber, 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol, and vulcanizing agent is [missing information].

[0026] 70-90:20-30:30-35:3-5:0.5-1:0.5-1:15-25:10-20:0.5-1:1-2.

[0027] Preferably, the modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is prepared by the following method:

[0028] Nano-titanium dioxide was added to an ethanol-water solution, KH550 was added, and the mixture was heated to react. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solids were washed and then added to dimethyl sulfoxide. NaOH was added to adjust the pH to 8-10, and 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added. The mixture was heated to react. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. Then, it was dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. Fluorinated titanium dioxide was dispersed in water, glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was heated to react. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and the collected solids were washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0029] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano-titanium dioxide, KH550, 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol, and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride is 15-25:2-3:4-6:3-5.

[0030] Nano-titanium dioxide is a self-cleaning material that can decompose organic pollutants under light conditions. Modification significantly improves its compatibility with modified silicone rubber systems, forming a dense, interwoven three-dimensional network structure within the modified silicone rubber matrix. This dense network not only improves filler dispersion but also creates physical cross-linking points, enhancing the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the modified silicone rubber. Furthermore, it destroys organic microorganisms, rendering algal spores unable to reproduce, thus inhibiting algal growth. Its long lifespan provides durable and long-lasting algae protection. Simultaneously, it improves the adhesion and accumulation of surface contaminants on the modified silicone rubber, enhancing its anti-flashover properties.

[0031] The preparation of the modified titanium dioxide first involves introducing amino groups onto its surface. Then, the amino groups are coupled with titanium dioxide and 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol to react and obtain fluorinated modified titanium dioxide. Finally, the amino groups on the fluorinated modified titanium dioxide react with the epoxy groups in the fluorinated modified titanium dioxide. By introducing fluorine into the modified titanium dioxide, its anti-fouling performance is improved. Furthermore, by grafting glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride onto the surface of the modified titanium dioxide, the growth and reproduction of bacteria and algae can be inhibited, reducing microbial contamination. This helps reduce the formation of contaminants such as algae on the insulator surface, thereby maintaining good insulation performance, reducing discharge phenomena caused by contamination, and ensuring the reliability and safety of the power transmission system.

[0032] Preferably, the coating method in step S5 is one of spraying, brushing, or dipping.

[0033] Preferably, the vulcanization molding process in step S6 is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization; the process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 100-140℃ and vulcanization time of 3-20min; the process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 150-200℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 5-20min; the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body has a thickness of 0.5-2mm after vulcanization.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. The high-performance composite porcelain suspension rod insulator of the present invention significantly improves the weather resistance, electrical insulation performance and mechanical strength of the composite porcelain suspension rod insulator by introducing vulcanized composite silicone rubber as a protective layer of the porcelain column; the vulcanized modified silicone rubber has excellent aging resistance, weather resistance and electrical insulation performance, and can effectively resist the erosion of the insulator by harsh environment.

[0036] 2. The surface of the ceramic column is roughened to increase the adhesion of the vulcanized modified silicone rubber coating. The vulcanized modified silicone rubber is coated by spraying, brushing or dipping to ensure that the coating is uniform and the thickness is controllable. The strong bond between the modified silicone rubber and the surface of the ceramic column ensures the long-term stable operation of the insulator.

[0037] 3. This invention improves the mechanical properties of epoxy resin by modifying it, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the ceramic column insulator body. By adding modified nano-titanium dioxide to the modified silicone rubber coating, a relatively dense filler network structure can be formed in the modified silicone rubber coating, thereby improving the filling effect and enhancing the mechanical and anti-fouling properties of the modified silicone rubber coating. At the same time, it improves the adhesion and accumulation of surface dirt and algae on the modified silicone rubber, enhances the anti-flashover properties of the modified silicone rubber, reduces discharge phenomena caused by pollution, and extends the service life of high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulators. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To avoid unnecessary details, unless otherwise specified, all items used in the following examples are commercially available products, and all methods used are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0039] The sources of some of the raw materials used in this invention are as follows:

[0040] Carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether with a molecular weight of 3000 was purchased from Wuhan Lanabai Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0041] Epoxy resin, E44, 99% purity, purchased from Yunsheng Chemical (Shandong) Co., Ltd.

[0042] Polyamide curing agent, model 650, was purchased from Zhengzhou Huipeng Chemical Products Co., Ltd.

[0043] Nano-silicon carbide with an average particle size of 0.5 μm was purchased from Hangzhou Jikang New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0044] Methyl vinyl silicone rubber, with a vinyl content of 1.8-5%, was purchased from Dongguan Bailing New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0045] Silica, 300 mesh, Shanghai Yuanjiang Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0046] Aluminum hydroxide, with a particle size of 5-100μm, was purchased from Shandong Feishuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0047] Nano titanium dioxide, rutile type, 30nm particle size, purchased from Shanghai Yingcheng New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Mix 400g of Qingyuan clay, 300g of ash clay, 240g of kiln clay, 400g of porcelain clay, and 300g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0051] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 200g of nano silicon carbide, 120g of quartz sand, and 240g of modified epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 8% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 130g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0052] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 30℃ for 2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 55℃ for 0.5 hours. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 80℃ for 4 hours, and then curing at 130℃ for 5 hours.

[0053] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 160g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and 50g of silica, 64g of aluminum hydroxide, 8g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 1.2g of diphenylsilanediol, and 1.4g of triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, 40g of modified nano titanium dioxide, 30g of alumina fiber, and 1.6g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 140℃, and the mixture is kneaded at -0.1MPa for 1 hour. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 18 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, and 3g of dicumyl peroxide is added. The mixture is passed through a thin mill 8 times, and then sheeted out. After standing for 20 hours, the modified silicone rubber is obtained.

[0054] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0055] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 120℃ and vulcanization time of 10min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 180℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 10min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0056] The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin in step S2 is as follows:

[0057] 20g of carbon fiber was plasma-treated and then impregnated in 200mL of 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The plasma treatment process involved evacuating the plasma instrument and then introducing oxygen, with the power set to 180W and the treatment time set to 8min. The impregnation time was 2h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, washed, and dried to obtain pretreated carbon fiber. 100g of carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in 500mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 10g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 100mL of EDC / NHS aqueous solution (the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution was 40mM / L and the concentration of NHS was 50mM / L) were added. The pH was adjusted to 5, and the reaction was heated at 60℃ for 3h. After cooling, 8g of pretreated carbon fiber was impregnated in the reaction solution for 1h. The carbon fiber was then removed, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain polymer-coated carbon fiber. 12g of polymer-coated carbon fiber was added to 65g of epoxy resin and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0058] The method for preparing modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows:

[0059] 20g of nano-titanium dioxide was added to 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, along with 2.5g of KH550. The mixture was heated at 50℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solid was washed and added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide. The pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 1mol / L NaOH aqueous solution. 5.2g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was heated at 60℃ for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. The filtrate was then dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. The fluorinated titanium dioxide was dispersed in 200mL of water, and 4.5g of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was added. The mixture was heated at 60℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and the collected solid was washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0060] Testing showed that the high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator prepared in this embodiment has an algae-resistant rating of level 2.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Mix 200g of Qingyuan clay, 200g of ash clay, 160g of kiln clay, 300g of porcelain clay, and 100g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0064] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 100g of nano silicon carbide, 60g of quartz sand, and 200g of modified epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 5% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 100g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0065] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the ceramic column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the ceramic column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 25℃ for 1 hour under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 50℃ for 1 hour. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 70℃ for 5 hours, and then curing at 140℃ for 4 hours.

[0066] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 140g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and 40g of silica, 60g of aluminum hydroxide, 6g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 1g of diphenylsilanediol, and 1g of triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, 30g of modified nano titanium dioxide, 20g of alumina fiber, and 1g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 130℃, and kneaded at -0.08MPa for 2 hours. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 20 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, and 2g of sodium isobutyl xanthate is added. The mixture is passed through a thin mill 5 times, and then sheeted out. After standing for 18 hours, the modified silicone rubber is obtained.

[0067] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0068] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 100℃ and vulcanization time of 3min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 150℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 5min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0069] The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin in step S2 is as follows:

[0070] 20g of carbon fiber was plasma-treated and then impregnated in 200mL of 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The plasma treatment process involved evacuating the plasma instrument and then introducing oxygen, with the power set to 180W and the treatment time set to 8min. The impregnation time was 2h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, washed, and dried to obtain pretreated carbon fiber. 100g of carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in 500mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 8g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 100mL of EDC / NHS aqueous solution (the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution was 30mM / L and the concentration of NHS was 40mM / L) were added. The pH was adjusted to 4, and the reaction was carried out at 60℃ for 3h. After cooling, the pretreated carbon fiber was impregnated in the reaction solution for 1h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain polymer-coated carbon fiber. 10g of polymer-coated carbon fiber was added to 50g of epoxy resin and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0071] The method for preparing modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows:

[0072] 15g of nano-titanium dioxide was added to 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, along with 2.2g of KH550. The mixture was heated at 50℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solid was washed and added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide. The pH was adjusted to 8 by adding 1mol / L NaOH aqueous solution. 4g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was heated at 60℃ for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. The filtrate was then dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. The fluorinated titanium dioxide was dispersed in 200mL of water, and 3g of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was added. The mixture was heated at 60℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and the collected solid was washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Mix 500g of Qingyuan clay, 400g of ash clay, 300g of kiln clay, 500g of porcelain clay, and 400g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0076] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 300g of nano silicon carbide, 200g of quartz sand, and 300g of modified epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 10% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 160g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0077] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 35℃ for 1 hour under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 60℃ for 0.5-1 hour. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 80℃ for 4 hours, and then curing at 140℃ for 5 hours.

[0078] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 180g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and 60g of silica, 70g of aluminum hydroxide, 10g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 2g of diphenylsilanediol, and 2g of triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, 50g of modified nano titanium dioxide, 40g of alumina fiber, and 2g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 150℃, and the mixture is kneaded at -0.08MPa for 2 hours. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 24 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, 4g of sulfur is added, and it is passed through a thin mill 10 times. The compound is then sheeted and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain modified silicone rubber.

[0079] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0080] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 140℃ and vulcanization time of 20min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 200℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 20min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0081] The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin in step S2 is as follows:

[0082] 20g of carbon fiber was plasma-treated and then impregnated in 200mL of 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The plasma treatment process involved evacuating the plasma instrument and then introducing oxygen, with the power set to 180W and the treatment time set to 8min. The impregnation time was 2h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, washed, and dried to obtain pretreated carbon fiber. 100g of carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in 500mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 10g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 100mL of EDC / NHS aqueous solution (the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution was 35mM / L and the concentration of NHS was 45mM / L) were added. The pH was adjusted to 6, and the reaction was heated at 60℃ for 3h. After cooling, the pretreated carbon fiber was impregnated in the reaction solution for 1h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain polymer-coated carbon fiber. 15g of polymer-coated carbon fiber was added to 70g of epoxy resin and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0083] The preparation method of modified nano-titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows: 25g of titanium dioxide is dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution, 3g of vinyltrimethoxysilane is added, and the mixture is heated at 50°C for 4h. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled and filtered, and the solid is collected, washed, and dried to obtain vinyl-coupled titanium dioxide. 5g of vinyl POSS is dissolved in 150mL of trichloromethane, 4g of vinyl-coupled titanium dioxide and 0.15g of azobisisobutyronitrile are added, and the mixture is heated at 80°C for 4h. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled, filtered, and the solid is collected, washed, dried, and dispersed in 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution. 1.5g of mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane is added, and the mixture is heated at 50°C for 4h. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled and filtered, and the solid is collected, washed, and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0084] The method for preparing modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows:

[0085] 25g of nano-titanium dioxide was added to 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, along with 3g of KH550. The mixture was heated at 50℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solid was washed and added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide. The pH was adjusted to 10 with 1mol / L NaOH aqueous solution. 6g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was heated at 60℃ for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. The filtrate was then dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. The fluorinated titanium dioxide was dispersed in 200mL of water, and 5g of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was added. The mixture was heated at 60℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and the collected solid was washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0086] Comparative Example 1

[0087] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator, similar to Example 1, except that the epoxy resin is not modified, specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] S1. Mix 400g of Qingyuan clay, 300g of ash clay, 240g of kiln clay, 400g of porcelain clay, and 300g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0089] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 200g of nano silicon carbide, 120g of quartz sand, and 240g of epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 8% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 130g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0090] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 30℃ for 2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 55℃ for 0.5 hours. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 80℃ for 4 hours, and then curing at 130℃ for 5 hours.

[0091] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 160g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and 50g of silica, 64g of aluminum hydroxide, 8g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 1.2g of diphenylsilanediol, and 1.4g of triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, 40g of modified nano titanium dioxide, 30g of alumina fiber, and 1.6g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 140℃, and the mixture is kneaded at -0.1MPa for 1 hour. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 18 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, and 3g of dicumyl peroxide is added. The mixture is passed through a thin mill 8 times, and then sheeted out. After standing for 20 hours, the modified silicone rubber is obtained.

[0092] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0093] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 120℃ and vulcanization time of 10min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 180℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 10min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0094] The method for preparing modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows:

[0095] 20g of nano-titanium dioxide was added to 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, along with 2.5g of KH550. The mixture was heated at 50℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solid was washed and added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide. The pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 1mol / L NaOH aqueous solution. 5.2g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was heated at 60℃ for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. The filtrate was then dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. The fluorinated titanium dioxide was dispersed in 200mL of water, and 4.5g of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride was added. The mixture was heated at 60℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and the collected solid was washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator, similar to Example 1, except that the nano-titanium dioxide is not modified, specifically including the following steps:

[0098] S1. Mix 400g of Qingyuan clay, 300g of ash clay, 240g of kiln clay, 400g of porcelain clay, and 300g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0099] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 200g of nano silicon carbide, 120g of quartz sand, and 240g of modified epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 8% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 130g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0100] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 30℃ for 2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 55℃ for 0.5 hours. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 80℃ for 4 hours, and then curing at 130℃ for 5 hours.

[0101] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 160g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber was placed in a kneader, and 50g of silica, 64g of aluminum hydroxide, 8g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 1.2g of diphenylsilanediol, and 1.4g of triethanolamine were added. After mixing evenly, 40g of nano titanium dioxide, 30g of alumina fiber, and 1.6g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol were added. The temperature was raised to 140℃, and the mixture was kneaded at -0.1MPa for 1 hour. The resulting rubber compound was placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound was obtained. After standing for 18 hours, the compound was rolled on a two-roll mill, and 3g of dicumyl peroxide was added. The mixture was passed through a thin mill 8 times, and then sheeted out. After standing for 20 hours, the modified silicone rubber was obtained.

[0102] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0103] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 120℃ and vulcanization time of 10min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 180℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 10min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0104] The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin in step S2 is as follows:

[0105] 20g of carbon fiber was plasma-treated and then impregnated in 200mL of 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The plasma treatment process involved evacuating the plasma instrument and then introducing oxygen, with the power set to 180W and the treatment time set to 8min. The impregnation time was 2h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, washed, and dried to obtain pretreated carbon fiber. 100g of carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in 500mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 10g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 100mL of EDC / NHS aqueous solution (the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution was 40mM / L and the concentration of NHS was 50mM / L) were added. The pH was adjusted to 5, and the reaction was heated at 60℃ for 3h. After cooling, 8g of pretreated carbon fiber was impregnated in the reaction solution for 1h. The carbon fiber was then removed, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain polymer-coated carbon fiber. 12g of polymer-coated carbon fiber was added to 65g of epoxy resin and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0106] Comparative Example 3

[0107] A method for preparing a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator, similar to Example 1, except that the modified nano-titanium dioxide is fluorinated nano-titanium dioxide, specifically including the following steps:

[0108] S1. Mix 400g of Qingyuan clay, 300g of ash clay, 240g of kiln clay, 400g of porcelain clay, and 300g of bauxite evenly, then put them into a ball mill and ball mill them to obtain a mixture of 50-200 mesh.

[0109] S2. Wet ball milling: Add 200g of nano silicon carbide, 120g of quartz sand, and 240g of modified epoxy resin to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Add water and perform wet ball milling. The amount of water added is 8% of the mass of the mixture to obtain a slurry. Then add 130g of polyamide 650 curing agent and mix evenly to obtain a base material.

[0110] S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added to a mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased, and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. The degassing process conditions are: first degassing at 30℃ for 2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then degassing at 55℃ for 0.5 hours. The heating and curing conditions are: first curing at 80℃ for 4 hours, and then curing at 130℃ for 5 hours.

[0111] S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: 160g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and 50g of silica, 64g of aluminum hydroxide, 8g of hydroxyl silicone oil, 1.2g of diphenylsilanediol, and 1.4g of triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, 40g of modified nano titanium dioxide, 30g of alumina fiber, and 1.6g of 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 140℃, and the mixture is kneaded at -0.1MPa for 1 hour. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 18 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, and 3g of dicumyl peroxide is added. The mixture is passed through a thin mill 8 times, and then sheeted out. After standing for 20 hours, the modified silicone rubber is obtained.

[0112] S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body;

[0113] S6. Vulcanization Molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding. The vulcanization molding process is divided into primary vulcanization and secondary vulcanization. The process parameters for primary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 120℃ and vulcanization time of 10min. The process parameters for secondary vulcanization are vulcanization temperature of 180℃ and secondary vulcanization time of 10min. The thickness of the modified silicone rubber on the surface of the ceramic column insulator body after vulcanization is 1mm. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator is obtained.

[0114] The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin in step S2 is as follows:

[0115] 20g of carbon fiber was plasma-treated and then impregnated in 200mL of 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The plasma treatment process involved evacuating the plasma instrument and then introducing oxygen, with the power set to 180W and the treatment time set to 8min. The impregnation time was 2h. After impregnation, the carbon fiber was removed, washed, and dried to obtain pretreated carbon fiber. 100g of carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in 500mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 10g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 100mL of EDC / NHS aqueous solution (the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution was 40mM / L and the concentration of NHS was 50mM / L) were added. The pH was adjusted to 5, and the reaction was heated at 60℃ for 3h. After cooling, 8g of pretreated carbon fiber was impregnated in the reaction solution for 1h. The carbon fiber was then removed, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain polymer-coated carbon fiber. 12g of polymer-coated carbon fiber was added to 65g of epoxy resin and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0116] The method for preparing modified titanium dioxide in step S4 is as follows:

[0117] 20g of nano-titanium dioxide was added to 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, along with 2.5g of KH550. The mixture was heated at 50℃ for 4h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled and filtered. The collected solid was washed and added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide. 1mol / L NaOH aqueous solution was added to adjust the pH to 9. 5.2g of 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was heated at 60℃ for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH of the filtrate was neutral. The filtrate was then dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide, which is the modified nano-titanium dioxide.

[0118] Performance testing

[0119] Mechanical property testing of the porcelain column insulator body: The porcelain column insulator bodies prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for bending resistance according to GB / T8411.2-2008 "Ceramic and Glass Insulating Materials - Part 2: Test Methods". The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0120] Table 1. Test results of bending performance of high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulators

[0121] Bending strength (MPa) Example 1 213 Example 2 208 Example 3 226 Comparative Example 1 159

[0122] Electrical breakdown strength: The high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulators prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested for electrical breakdown strength in accordance with standard GB / T1408.1-2016 "Insulation Strength and Electrical Strength Test Methods - High-Performance Composite Ceramic Suspension Rod Insulators - Part 1". The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0123] Table 2. Test results of electrical breakdown strength of high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulators.

[0124] Electrical breakdown strength (kV / mm) Example 1 54.63 Example 2 52.32 Example 3 55.18 Comparative Example 1 42.56 Comparative Example 2 35.84 Comparative Example 3 39.25

[0125] Algae resistance test: The experimental culture method was in accordance with GB / T21353-2008 "Determination of Algae Resistance of Paint Films" and GB / T24127-2009 "Test Method for Algae Resistance of Plastics". Fresh green algae were used. The test was conducted in a GZX-250 light incubator at a temperature of 28±2℃ and a relative humidity of 90%±5%. The algae were cultured for 21 days in the standard test period and 42 days in a doubled test period. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0126] Antifouling performance test:

[0127] Sodium chloride and diatomaceous earth with a particle size of 2000 mesh were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:5 using ball milling. Before accumulating dirt, the mixture was dried in a 120℃ oven for 30 minutes to remove moisture absorbed from the air. The sample mass was weighed, and the sample was placed in an artificial dirt accumulation box. A high-voltage power supply was turned on, placing the sample in an electric field with a strength of 0.7 kV / cm. An air compressor was turned on to create negative pressure, drawing the dirt into the artificial dirt accumulation box, where it was blown out as a mist and allowed to settle naturally. Each accumulation yielded 12g of dirt. Each sample was accumulated 5 times. After turning off the high-voltage power supply, the sample was removed, and the dirt on the edges and back was wiped off. The sample mass was weighed again, and the difference in mass before and after accumulation was the amount of dirt accumulated. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0128] Table 3. Test results of algae-proofing and anti-fouling performance of high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulators.

[0129] Algae prevention level Accumulated dirt (mg) Example 1 Level 0 12.6 Example 2 Level 0 13.4 Example 3 Level 0 11.8 Comparative Example 1 Level 0 15.7 Comparative Example 2 Level 2 19.2 Comparative Example 3 Level 1 16.5

[0130] As can be seen from the experimental results in Tables 1 and 2, the high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator prepared by this invention has excellent electrical breakdown strength and anti-algae and anti-fouling properties. It can withstand large loads, is not easily damaged, and has high insulation performance, which improves the safety of the insulator during use.

[0131] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator, characterized in that, The insulator comprises a porcelain column insulator body and a modified silicone rubber coating on the surface of the porcelain column insulator body; the porcelain column insulator body comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts Qingyuan clay, 10-20 parts Ash clay, 8-15 parts kiln clay, 15-25 parts porcelain clay, 5-20 parts bauxite, 5-15 parts nano silicon carbide, 3-10 parts quartz sand, 10-15 parts modified epoxy resin, and 5-8 parts curing agent. The preparation process of the modified silicone rubber is as follows: Methyl vinyl silicone rubber is placed in a kneader, and silica, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxyl silicone oil, diphenylsilanediol, and triethanolamine are added. After mixing evenly, modified nano titanium dioxide, alumina fiber, and 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are added. The temperature is raised to 130-150℃, and kneaded for 1-2 hours at -0.1MPa to -0.08MPa. The resulting rubber compound is placed in a two-roll mill and milled until a smooth compound is obtained. After standing for 18-24 hours, the compound is rolled on a two-roll mill, a vulcanizing agent is added, and it is passed through a thin mill 5-10 times. The compound is then sheeted and left to stand for 18-24 hours to obtain the modified silicone rubber. The modified nano-titanium dioxide is prepared as follows: Nano-titanium dioxide is added to an ethanol aqueous solution, KH550 is added, and the mixture is heated to react. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled and filtered. The collected solid is washed and then added to dimethyl sulfoxide. NaOH is added to adjust the pH value to 8-10. 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol is added, and the mixture is heated to react. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled, filtered, and washed until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral. Then, it is dried to obtain fluorinated titanium dioxide. Fluorinated titanium dioxide is dispersed in water, glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride is added, and the mixture is heated to react. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled, filtered, and the collected solid is washed and dried to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide.

2. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified epoxy resin is prepared as follows: Carbon fibers were plasma-treated and then impregnated in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. After drying, pretreated carbon fibers were obtained. Carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide, and 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid and EDC / NHS aqueous solution were added to adjust the pH to 4-6. The mixture was heated to react, and after cooling, the pretreated carbon fibers were impregnated in the reaction solution. After impregnation, the carbon fibers were removed, dried, pulverized, and sieved to obtain polymer-coated carbon fibers. The polymer-coated carbon fibers were added to epoxy resin and stirred to mix evenly to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

3. The insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether, 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid, and pretreated carbon fiber is 100:8-10:6-10; the concentration of EDC in the EDC / NHS aqueous solution is 30-40 mM / L, and the concentration of NHS is 40-50 mM / L; the mass ratio of the polymer-coated carbon fiber and epoxy resin is 10-15:50-70.

4. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curing agent is a polyamide curing agent and / or an anhydride curing agent.

5. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber, silica, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxyl silicone oil, diphenylsilanediol, triethanolamine, modified nano titanium dioxide, alumina fiber, 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol, and vulcanizing agent is 70-90:20-30:30-35:3-5:0.5-1:0.5-1:15-25:10-20:0.5-1:1-2.

6. The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide, KH550, 5-amino-2-fluorobenzyl alcohol, and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride is 15-25:2-3:4-6:3-5.

7. A method for preparing an insulator according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh each raw material according to the formula, mix Qingyuan clay, ash clay, kiln clay, porcelain clay and bauxite evenly, and then put them into a ball mill to ball mill to obtain a mixture. S2, Wet ball milling: Nano silicon carbide, quartz sand, and modified epoxy resin are added to the mixture obtained in step S1 to obtain a mixture. Water is added and wet ball milling is performed to obtain a slurry. Then, a curing agent is added and mixed evenly to obtain a base material. S3. Pressing: The base material obtained in step S2 is added into the mold for molding, degassing, heating and curing, cooling and demolding. The surface of the porcelain column insulator body is then finely polished, cleaned, degreased and dried to obtain the porcelain column insulator body. S4. Preparation of modified silicone rubber: Put raw silicone rubber into a kneader, add structure control agent, filler, anti-aging agent and accelerator to mix, then add vulcanizing agent, pass through thin sheet to obtain modified silicone rubber. S5. Coating with modified silicone rubber: Apply modified silicone rubber evenly to the surface of the ceramic column insulator body; S6. Vulcanization molding: The ceramic column insulator body coated with modified silicone rubber is placed in a vulcanizing machine for vulcanization molding to obtain a high-performance composite ceramic suspension rod insulator.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coating method in step S5 is one of spraying, brushing, or dipping.