Vaporizing chamber heating structure of methanol fuel cell

Abstract

The invention provides a vaporizing chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell hydrogen production. Comprising a heating chamber shell, a catalysis chamber for catalyzing mixed gas of methanol steam and water vapor to produce hydrogen, a preheating chamber for preheating a methanol solution and water, a methanol solution pipe for evaporating the methanol solution, a water pipe for evaporating the water and a mixing chamber for mixing the methanol steam and the water vapor, the methanol solution pipe and the water pipe are both arranged in the heating chamber shell, the mixing chamber is fixedly communicated with the catalytic chamber, an electric heating wire is embedded in the inner wall of the heating chamber shell, and the device further comprises a leak detection assembly which is installed on the water pipe and used for detecting whether the methanol solution pipe has cracks or not. The invention aims to improve the methanol concentration by adopting the design of methanol solution and water double-pipeline heating vaporization so as to reduce the corrosion to metal, and meanwhile, whether methanol steam leaks or not is monitored in real time through a detection small plate and a leak detection assembly, so that the battery safety and the power generation efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell hydrogen production, and in particular to a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy. Unlike combustion, a fuel cell does not undergo a combustion reaction, but instead generates electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, which is more efficient and emits fewer pollutants. Its core component is the electrolyte (i.e., the proton exchange membrane), which allows ions to pass through but blocks electrons from passing through, thereby forming an electric current. A methanol fuel cell is a battery that uses a methanol solution as fuel to generate electricity. The principle is to heat the methanol solution and water in a vaporization chamber to vaporize them into methanol vapor and water vapor. The mixed gas of methanol vapor and water vapor is catalyzed in a catalyst chamber to form hydrogen. The hydrogen and external oxygen undergo an electrolysis reaction through the electrodes and the proton exchange membrane to generate electricity.

[0003] Since methanol is somewhat corrosive to metals, its corrosiveness mainly depends on its purity. Refined alcohol is less corrosive to metals, while crude alcohol, which is fuel methanol, is more corrosive to metals because it contains a small amount of organic acid and water. Traditional methanol fuel cells mostly use a method of mixing crude alcohol solution with an aqueous solution and then heating and vaporizing it, which can easily cause corrosion to the heat exchange tubes and is difficult to detect, leading to methanol leakage, thereby affecting battery power generation and even causing accidents (methanol vapor is toxic to a certain extent). Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of conventional methanol fuel cells in the prior art that crude alcohol solution is mixed with aqueous solution and then heated and vaporized, which easily causes corrosion to the heat exchange tubes and is difficult to detect, resulting in methanol leakage, thereby affecting battery power generation and even causing accidents.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell, comprising a heating chamber shell, a catalytic chamber for catalytic hydrogen production by a mixture of methanol vapor and water vapor, a preheating chamber for preheating a methanol solution and water, a methanol solution pipe for evaporating a methanol solution, a water pipe for evaporating water, and a mixing chamber for mixing methanol vapor and water vapor, wherein the methanol solution pipe and the water pipe are both arranged in the heating chamber shell, the water pipe is sleeved on the outside of the methanol solution pipe, the gas outlet end of the water pipe is fixedly inserted on the heating chamber shell and the liquid inlet end is rotatably inserted on the heating chamber shell, the methanol solution pipe and the liquid inlet end of the water pipe are fixedly connected to the preheating chamber, the gas outlet end of the water pipe is rotatably connected to the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is fixedly connected to the catalytic chamber, the gas outlet end of the methanol solution pipe extends through and into the water pipe mixing chamber, and an electric heating wire is embedded in the inner wall of the heating chamber shell, and further comprising:

[0006] A leak detection component is installed on the water pipe and is used to detect whether the methanol solution pipe has cracks.

[0007] In at least some embodiments, the methanol solution pipe is in an annular U-shaped hairpin shape, and the methanol solution pipe includes a plurality of first curved pipe sections and is fixedly connected through a plurality of first straight pipe sections.

[0008] In at least some embodiments, the water pipe as a whole is an annular U-shaped hairpin shape, and the water pipe includes multiple second curved pipe sections, both ends of the second curved pipe sections are rotatably installed with sealing sleeves, and adjacent second curved pipe sections are annularly fixedly connected by multiple second straight pipe sections.

[0009] In at least some embodiments, a gas detection port for detecting whether methanol gas is leaking is provided on the second curved pipe section, two detection small plates are fixedly installed in the outer shell of the heating chamber, a plurality of plug connectors are provided on the detection small plates corresponding to the gas detection ports, a gas probe is provided in the plug connector, a sealing plug is movably embedded in the gas detection port to allow the gas detection port to flow inward in one direction, and a plurality of springs are fixedly connected between the sealing plug and the gas detection port.

[0010] In at least some embodiments, a driving gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the methanol solution tube that is rotatably connected to the heating chamber shell, and driven gears are mounted on multiple second straight pipe sections of the water pipe. A gear ring that is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the heating chamber shell is meshed with the driving gear and multiple driven gears.

[0011] In at least some embodiments, the leak detection assembly includes a leak detection disk, a driving rod and a plurality of connecting disks, the outer circumferential surface of the leak detection disk is provided with a plurality of elastic contact pins in an annular shape, the connecting disk is fixedly mounted on a plurality of second straight pipe sections, the outer circumferential surface of the connecting disk is provided with an annular conductive belt in an annular shape, a plurality of crack detection probes for detecting cracks in the first straight pipe section are installed in the connecting disk corresponding to the conductive belt, and the plurality of crack detection probes are electrically connected to the conductive belt.

[0012] In at least some embodiments, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed between the top of the leak detection disk and the heating chamber shell, the driving rod is rotatably installed in the heating chamber shell, the driving rod is fixedly installed with a transmission gear meshing with the driving gear, an inclined annular driving groove is provided on the driving rod, and a convex column that slides with the driving groove is provided in the leak detection disk.

[0013] In at least some embodiments, a plurality of groups of limiting columns are provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the leak detection disk, and an annular limiting grooves for slidingly cooperating with the limiting columns are provided on the top and the bottom of the connection disk.

[0014] In at least some embodiments, a plurality of arc-shaped tubes are provided in a ring shape at one end of the water pipe for outlet, the inner cavity cross section of the mixing chamber is frustoconical, and a frustoconical flow guide cover is fixedly installed in the mixing chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, the water pipe is designed to have the same shape as the methanol solution pipe, but has a larger diameter and is sleeved on the outside of the water pipe, saving heat exchange space and protecting the methanol solution pipe. The dual-channel diversion design of water and methanol solution is adopted to solve the problem of crude alcohol corrosion on metal pipes.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the plug connector is inserted into the gas detection port, and the methanol vapor is detected by the gas probe, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time leakage monitoring of the first bend section of the methanol solution pipe.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, one end of the water pipe and the heating chamber shell that are rotatably inserted will spray out high-pressure and high-temperature water vapor. The design of the arc tube can drive the one end of the water pipe and the heating chamber shell to rotate, and drive the connecting disk in the leak detection assembly to rotate. The conductive belt on the connecting disk contacts the elastic contact pin on the leak detection disk and is energized. The first straight pipe section of the methanol solution is detected from multiple angles through multiple crack detection probes arranged in a ring. At the same time, the driving rod in the leak detection assembly can also be driven to rotate, so as to drive the connecting disk to reciprocate up and down at the same speed, so as to detect the first straight pipe section of the methanol solution pipe from multiple directions.

[0019] In summary, this heating structure adopts a dual-pipeline heating and vaporization design of methanol solution and water, which solves the problem of crude alcohol corrosion on metal pipes, and adopts a sleeve design to save heat exchange space. At the same time, it monitors the leakage of methanol vapor in real time through the detection plate and leak detection component, thereby improving battery safety and power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention provides an overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a heating chamber shell in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a methanol solution tube in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0024] Figure 5The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the connection between a methanol solution pipe and a water pipe in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the connection between a detection plate and a gas detection port in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0026] Figure 7 The present invention provides a driving principle diagram of a leak detection component in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0027] Figure 8 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a leak detection component in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0028] Fig. 9 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a leak detection disk in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0029] Fig.10 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a connecting plate in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell;

[0030] Fig.11 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mixing chamber in a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell.

[0031] Legend: 1. Heating chamber housing; 101. Detection board; 102. Gear ring; 103. Heating wire; 104. Plug connector; 105. Gas probe;

[0032] 2. Catalytic chamber;

[0033] 3. Preheating room;

[0034] 4. Methanol solution pipe; 401. First curved pipe section; 402. First straight pipe section;

[0035] 5. Water pipe; 501. Second curved pipe section; 502. Second straight pipe section; 503. Sealing sleeve; 504. Gas detection port; 505. Arc pipe; 506. Sealing plug; 507. Spring; 508. Driving gear; 509. Driven gear;

[0036] 6. Leak detection assembly; 601. Leak detection disk; 602. Driving rod; 603. Connecting disk; 604. Telescopic rod; 605. Driving slot; 606. Boss; 607. Elastic contact pin; 608. Limiting column; 609. Limiting slot; 610. Conductive belt; 611. Crack detection probe;

[0037] 7. Mixing chamber; 701. Guide cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0039] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0040] according to Figure 1-Figure 11 ,like Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, a vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell includes a heating chamber shell 1, a catalytic chamber 2 for catalytic hydrogen production by a mixed gas of methanol vapor and water vapor, a preheating chamber 3 for preheating a methanol solution and water, a methanol solution pipe 4 for evaporating a methanol solution, a water pipe 5 for evaporating water, and a mixing chamber 7 for mixing methanol vapor and water vapor, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the invention, the methanol solution pipe 4 and the water pipe 5 are both arranged in the heating chamber shell 1, the water pipe 5 is sleeved on the outside of the methanol solution pipe 4, the gas outlet end of the water pipe 5 is fixedly inserted on the heating chamber shell 1 and the liquid inlet end is rotatably inserted on the heating chamber shell 1, the methanol solution pipe 4 and the liquid inlet end of the water pipe 5 are fixedly connected with the preheating chamber 3, the gas outlet end of the water pipe 5 is rotatably connected with the mixing chamber 7, the mixing chamber 7 is fixedly connected with the catalytic chamber 2, the gas outlet end of the methanol solution pipe 4 extends through and into the mixing chamber 7 of the water pipe 5, and the inner wall of the heating chamber shell 1 is embedded with a heating wire 103, and also includes:

[0041] A leak detection component 6 installed on the water pipe 5 is used to detect whether the methanol solution pipe 4 has cracks.

[0042] like Figure 4 In the figure, the methanol solution pipe 4 is an annular U-shaped hairpin type, and the methanol solution pipe 4 includes multiple first curved pipe sections 401 and is fixedly connected through multiple first straight pipe sections 402. The annular U-shaped hairpin design can increase the flow time of the methanol solution in the pipe and increase the heat exchange area, thereby improving the vaporization efficiency of the methanol solution.

[0043] like Figure 5In the figure, the water pipe 5 is an annular U-shaped hairpin as a whole, and the water pipe 5 includes a plurality of second curved pipe sections 501, and sealing sleeves 503 are rotatably installed at both ends of the second curved pipe sections 501. A plurality of second straight pipe sections 502 are fixedly connected in a circular shape between two adjacent second curved pipe sections 501, wherein the water pipe 5 adopts the same design as the methanol solution pipe 4, but has a larger diameter and is sleeved on the outside of the water pipe 5 (since the boiling point of water is higher than that of the methanol solution, the water pipe 5 is arranged on the outside of the methanol solution pipe 4), saving heat exchange space and protecting the methanol solution pipe 4. At the same time, the second curved pipe section 501 is connected with the plurality of second straight pipe sections 502 through the sealing sleeve 503, so that the second straight pipe section 502 can rotate around the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution, thereby cooperating with the leak detection component 6 to achieve multi-angle detection.

[0044] like Figure 6 In the embodiment, a gas detection port 504 for detecting whether methanol gas is leaking is provided on the second curved pipe section 501, two detection small plates 101 are fixedly installed in the heating chamber shell 1, a plurality of plug connectors 104 are provided on the detection small plate 101 corresponding to the gas detection port 504, a gas probe 105 is provided in the plug connector 104, a sealing plug 506 is movably embedded in the gas detection port 504 to allow the gas detection port 504 to flow inwardly in one direction, a plurality of springs 507 are fixedly connected between the sealing plug 506 and the gas detection port 504, wherein the sealing plug 506 blocks the gas detection port 504 by the elastic action of the spring 507, thereby To prevent methanol gas leakage, after the heating structure is assembled, the plug connector 104 is inserted into the gas detection port 504 to stretch the spring 507 and push the sealing plug 506 into the larger chamber in the gas detection port 504. Since a ventilation slot is provided on the sealing plug 506, if methanol vapor leaks in the first bend section 401 of the methanol solution pipe 4, the methanol vapor will enter the second bend section 501 of the water pipe 5, and at the same time enter the plug connector 104 through the slot on the sealing plug 506. The methanol vapor is detected by the gas probe 105, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time leakage monitoring of the first bend section of the methanol solution pipe 4.

[0045] like Figure 7In the figure, a driving gear 508 is fixedly mounted on one end of the methanol solution pipe 4 that is rotatably plugged into the heating chamber shell 1, and a driven gear 509 is mounted on each of the multiple second straight pipe sections 502 of the water pipe 5. A gear ring 102 that is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the heating chamber shell 1 and meshed with the driving gear 508 and the multiple driven gears 509 is rotatably mounted, wherein the driving gear 508 drives the gear ring 102 to rotate through the meshing action with the gear ring 102, and the gear ring 102 drives the driven gear 509 to rotate through the meshing action with the driven gear 509, and the driven gear 509 rotates to drive the multiple second straight pipe ends of the water pipe 5 to rotate around the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4, thereby cooperating with the leak detection component 6 to achieve the purpose of multi-angle leakage detection of the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4.

[0046] like Figure 8 In the figure, the leak detection component 6 includes a leak detection disk 601, a driving rod 602 and multiple connecting disks 603. The outer circumferential surface of the leak detection disk 601 is annularly provided with multiple elastic contact pins 607. The connecting disk 603 is fixedly mounted on the multiple second straight pipe sections 502. The outer circumferential surface of the connecting disk 603 is annularly provided with an annular conductive belt 610. The connecting disk 603 is installed with multiple crack detection probes 611 for detecting cracks in the first straight pipe section 402 corresponding to the conductive belt 610. The multiple crack detection probes 611 are electrically connected to the conductive belt 610. The rotation of the multiple second straight pipes of the water pipe 5 drives the connecting disk 603 to rotate. The conductive belt 610 contacts the elastic contact pins 607 on the leak detection disk 601 and is energized. After energization, the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution is detected from multiple angles through the crack detection probes 611. By adjusting the rotation rate, the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution can be detected in all directions and multiple times.

[0047] like Fig. 9 In the figure, a telescopic rod 604 is fixedly installed between the top of the leak detection disk 601 and the heating chamber housing 1, and a driving rod 602 is rotatably installed in the heating chamber housing 1. A transmission gear meshing with the active gear 508 is fixedly installed on the driving rod 602. An inclined annular driving groove 605 is provided on the driving rod 602, and a convex column 606 slidingly matched with the driving groove 605 is provided in the leak detection disk 601. During the rotation of the driving rod 602, the leak detection disk 601 is driven to reciprocate up and down by the sliding cooperation between the convex column 606 on the leak detection disk 601 and the driving groove 605 on the driving rod 602 (the telescopic rod 604 limits the leak detection disk 601 so that the leak detection disk 601 does not rotate but only moves up and down). Fig.10In the figure, a plurality of groups of limiting columns 608 are arranged in a ring on the outer side of the leak detection disk 601, and annular limiting grooves 609 which slide with the limiting columns 608 are provided on the top and bottom of the connecting disk 603. The leak detection disk 601 can reciprocate up and down by pressing the limiting columns 608 against the connecting disk 603, which can drive the connecting disk 603 to reciprocate up and down at the same speed. At the same time, the sliding cooperation between the limiting columns 608 and the limiting grooves 609 will not interfere with the rotation of the connecting disk 603, thereby driving the connecting disk 603 to rotate around the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4 and reciprocate up and down at the same time, so as to detect the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4 in all directions.

[0048] like Fig.11 In the figure, a plurality of arc tubes 505 are arranged in a ring at one end of the water pipe 5 for outlet, the inner cavity cross section of the mixing chamber 7 is in a frustum shape, and a frustum-shaped guide cover 701 is fixedly installed in the mixing chamber 7, wherein, since one end of the water pipe 5 and the heating chamber shell 1 is rotatably plugged in, high-pressure and high-temperature water vapor will be ejected, and the design of the arc tube 505 can drive it to rotate. On the one hand, it can drive the leakage detection component 6 to move, and on the other hand, the water vapor can be rotated and ejected onto the frustum-shaped inner wall of the mixing chamber 7 and diffuse outward, and at the same time, the methanol vapor is ejected to the center of the guide cover 701. Since the guide cover 701 is in a frustum shape, the methanol vapor will also diffuse outward and mix with the water vapor, thereby improving the mixing efficiency.

[0049] The specific working principle is that the methanol solution and water are preheated through the preheating chamber 3 and then enter the methanol solution pipe 4 and the water pipe 5 respectively. The temperature is increased by the electric heating wire 103 in the heating chamber shell 1 to vaporize the methanol solution and water. Since the boiling point of water is higher than that of the methanol solution, the water pipe 5 is arranged outside the methanol solution pipe 4 to save heat exchange space and protect the methanol solution pipe 4. After the methanol solution and water are vaporized, they are sprayed into the mixing chamber 7 through the methanol solution pipe 4 and the water pipe 5. Since one end of the water pipe 5 and the heating chamber shell 1 is rotated and plugged, high-pressure and high-temperature water vapor will be sprayed out. , the design of the arc tube 505 can drive it to rotate, on the one hand, it can drive the leak detection component 6 to move, and on the other hand, the water vapor can be rotated and sprayed onto the inner wall of the mixing chamber 7 with a cone shape and diffuse outward, and at the same time, the methanol vapor is sprayed to the center of the guide cover 701. Since the guide cover 701 is in a cone shape, the methanol vapor will also diffuse outward and mix with the water vapor, thereby improving the mixing efficiency. The mixed gas enters the catalyst chamber, and a catalytic reaction occurs to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen and the external oxygen are electrolyzed through the electrode plate to form an electric charge, and are exchanged through the proton exchange membrane to charge the battery;

[0050] During the leak detection process of the first curved pipe section 401 of the methanol solution pipe 4, the plug connector 104 is inserted into the gas detection port 504 to stretch the spring 507, and the sealing plug 506 is pushed into the larger chamber in the gas detection port 504. Since the sealing plug 506 is provided with a ventilated notch, if methanol vapor leaks from the first curved pipe section 401 of the methanol solution pipe 4, the methanol vapor will enter the second curved pipe section 501 of the water pipe 5, and at the same time enter the plug connector 104 through the notch on the sealing plug 506. The methanol vapor is detected by the gas probe 105, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time leak detection of the first curved pipe of the methanol solution pipe 4.

[0051] During the leak detection process of the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4, one end of the water pipe 5 that is rotated and plugged into the heating chamber shell 1 will spray out high-pressure and high-temperature water vapor, which can be driven to rotate by the design of the arc pipe 505 and the driving gear 508. The driving gear 508 rotates and drives the gear ring 102 to rotate through the meshing action with the ring gear 102. The gear ring 102 rotates and drives the driven gear 509 to rotate through the meshing action with the driven gear 509. The driven gear 509 rotates and drives the multiple second straight pipe ends of the water pipe 5 to rotate around the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4. During the rotation process, the multiple second straight pipes of the water pipe 5 rotate and drive the connecting disk 603 to rotate, and the conductive belt 610 contacts the elastic contact pin 607 on the leak detection disk 601 to be energized. After energization, the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution is detected from multiple angles through the crack detection probe 611. , the driving rod 602 is driven to rotate through the meshing action of the active gear 508 and the transmission gear. During the rotation of the driving rod 602, the protruding column 606 on the leak detection disk 601 and the driving groove 605 on the driving rod 602 slide and cooperate to drive the leak detection disk 601 to reciprocate up and down (the telescopic rod 604 limits the leak detection disk 601 so that the leak detection disk 601 does not rotate but only moves up and down). The leak detection disk 601 reciprocates up and down through the limiting column 608 against the connecting disk 603, which can drive the connecting disk 603 to reciprocate up and down at the same speed. At the same time, the sliding cooperation of the limiting column 608 and the limiting groove 609 will not interfere with the rotation of the connecting disk 603, thereby driving the connecting disk 603 to rotate around the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4 while reciprocating up and down, so as to detect the first straight pipe section 402 of the methanol solution pipe 4 in multiple directions;

[0052] Thereby, the methanol solution pipe 4 can be leak-detected in real time during the vaporization process of the methanol solution and water to prevent accidents.

[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vaporization chamber heating structure for a methanol fuel cell, comprising a heating chamber housing (1), a catalytic chamber (2) for catalytically producing hydrogen from a mixture of methanol vapor and water vapor, a preheating chamber (3) for preheating a methanol solution and water, a methanol solution pipe (4) for evaporating a methanol solution, a water pipe (5) for evaporating water, and a mixing chamber (7) for mixing methanol vapor and water vapor, characterized in that: The methanol solution pipe (4) and the water pipe (5) are both arranged in the heating chamber shell (1), the water pipe (5) is sleeved on the outside of the methanol solution pipe (4), the gas outlet end of the water pipe (5) is fixedly inserted on the heating chamber shell (1) and the liquid inlet end is rotatably inserted on the heating chamber shell (1), the methanol solution pipe (4) and the liquid inlet end of the water pipe (5) are fixedly connected to the preheating chamber (3), the gas outlet end of the water pipe (5) is rotatably connected to the mixing chamber (7), the mixing chamber (7) is fixedly connected to the catalyst chamber (2), the gas outlet end of the methanol solution pipe (4) extends through and into the mixing chamber (7) of the water pipe (5), the inner wall of the heating chamber shell (1) is embedded with a heating wire (103), and further comprises: A leak detection component (6) installed on the water pipe (5) for detecting whether the methanol solution pipe (4) has cracks.

2. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol solution pipe (4) is in the form of an annular U-shaped hairpin, and comprises a plurality of first curved pipe sections (401) and is fixedly connected via a plurality of first straight pipe sections (402).

3. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pipe (5) is in the form of an annular U-shaped hairpin as a whole, and comprises a plurality of second curved pipe sections (501), both ends of which are rotatably mounted with sealing sleeves (503), and a plurality of second straight pipe sections (502) are fixedly connected in an annular manner between two adjacent second curved pipe sections (501).

4. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second curved pipe section (501) is provided with a gas detection port (504) for detecting whether methanol gas is leaking. Two detection small plates (101) are fixedly installed in the heating chamber shell (1). The detection small plate (101) is provided with a plurality of plug connectors (104) corresponding to the gas detection ports (504). A gas probe (105) is provided in the plug connector (104). A sealing plug (506) is movably embedded in the gas detection port (504) to allow the gas detection port (504) to flow inward in one direction. A plurality of springs (507) are fixedly connected between the sealing plug (506) and the gas detection port (504).

5. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving gear (508) is fixedly mounted on one end of the methanol solution pipe (4) that is rotatably plugged into the heating chamber shell (1), and a plurality of second straight pipe sections (502) of the water pipe (5) are all mounted with driven gears (509). A gear ring (102) that is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the heating chamber shell (1) and is meshed with the driving gear (508) and the plurality of driven gears (509) is also rotatably mounted.

6. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leak detection assembly (6) comprises a leak detection disk (601), a driving rod (602) and a plurality of connection disks (603); a plurality of elastic contact pins (607) are arranged in an annular shape on the outer circumferential surface of the leak detection disk (601); the connection disk (603) is fixedly mounted on a plurality of second straight pipe sections (502); a ring-shaped conductive belt (610) is arranged in an annular shape on the outer circumferential surface of the connection disk (603); a plurality of crack detection probes (611) for detecting cracks in the first straight pipe section (402) are installed in the connection disk (603) corresponding to the conductive belt (610); and the plurality of crack detection probes (611) are electrically connected to the conductive belt (610).

7. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: A telescopic rod (604) is fixedly installed between the top of the leak detection disk (601) and the heating chamber housing (1); the driving rod (602) is rotatably installed in the heating chamber housing (1); a transmission gear meshingly connected to the driving gear (508) is fixedly installed on the driving rod (602); an inclined annular driving groove (605) is formed on the driving rod (602); and a convex column (606) slidably matched with the driving groove (605) is provided in the leak detection disk (601).

8. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of limiting columns (608) are provided in an annular manner on the outer side of the leak detection disk (601), and an annular limiting groove (609) which is slidably matched with the limiting columns (608) is provided on the top and bottom of the connection disk (603).

9. The vaporization chamber heating structure of a methanol fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped tubes (505) are provided in a ring shape at one end of the water pipe (5) for outlet of air. The inner cavity cross section of the mixing chamber (7) is in the shape of a frustum. A frustum-shaped flow guide cover (701) is fixedly installed in the mixing chamber (7).

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