Stable operation method and device of new energy hydrogen production system and new energy hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production operation, in particular to a stable operation method and device of a new energy hydrogen production system and the new energy hydrogen production system. According to the technical scheme, firstly, the voltage and the current of the electrolytic cell are adjusted, and the load curve of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to be in a linear descending trend until the lowest operation load of the electrolytic cell is reduced; adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell to adjust the load curve of the fuel cell to a linear rising trend until the target operation load of the fuel cell is reached; and then when the load curve of at least one of the electrolytic cell and the fuel cell is in a linear change trend, controlling the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the technical scheme can effectively realize stable operation of the new energy hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production operation, and in particular to a stable operation method and device of a new energy hydrogen production system and a new energy hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] At present, off-grid wind and solar hydrogen production systems are gradually becoming mainstream. New energy represented by wind and solar has obvious volatility, which will have a certain impact on the stable operation of new energy hydrogen production systems. Electrochemical energy storage represented by lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage has good comprehensive performance, high technical maturity, and low price, so many current new energy hydrogen production systems are equipped with electrochemical energy storage modules. For example, when new energy such as wind and solar drops sharply, the operating load of the hydrogen storage module (which includes an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage component) cannot drop sharply, so the electrochemical energy storage module will provide key protection for the hydrogen storage module. However, in order to meet the protection requirements of the hydrogen storage module, it is usually necessary to increase the configuration scale of the electrochemical energy storage module, which makes it difficult to effectively achieve stable operation of the new energy hydrogen production system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for the stable operation of a new energy hydrogen production system and a new energy hydrogen production system, which can effectively achieve the stable operation of the new energy hydrogen production system.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system, which is applied to a controller of the new energy hydrogen production system, wherein the new energy hydrogen production system includes a busbar and a power supply, an electrochemical energy storage module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell and the controller respectively electrically connected to the busbar, wherein the hydrogen storage module includes an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage assembly, wherein the hydrogen storage assembly is connected to the fuel cell, and when the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell is turned off, the power supply is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer through the busbar, the electrolyzer is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly, and the electrochemical energy storage module is used to charge and discharge the busbar based on the electric energy generated by the power supply in real time to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer;

[0005] When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell is started, and the method includes:

[0006] By adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell, the load curve of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to a linear downward trend until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell;

[0007] By adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell, the load curve of the fuel cell is adjusted to a linear upward trend until it rises to the target operating load of the fuel cell; wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load;

[0008] When the load curve of at least one of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell is in a linear change trend, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module is controlled to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer; wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend;

[0009] The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power supply in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system, which is applied to a controller of the new energy hydrogen production system, wherein the new energy hydrogen production system comprises a busbar and a power supply, an electrochemical energy storage module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell and the controller respectively electrically connected to the busbar, wherein the hydrogen storage module comprises an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage assembly, wherein the hydrogen storage assembly is connected to the fuel cell, and when the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell is turned off, the power supply is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer through the busbar, the electrolyzer is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly, and the electrochemical energy storage module is used to charge and discharge the busbar based on the electric energy generated by the power supply in real time to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer;

[0011] When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell is started, and the device includes:

[0012] A first adjustment unit, configured to adjust the load curve of the electrolytic cell to a linear downward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell until the load is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell;

[0013] A second adjustment unit, configured to adjust the load curve of the fuel cell to a linear upward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell until the load curve reaches a target operating load of the fuel cell; wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load;

[0014] A control unit, configured to control the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module when the load curve of at least one of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell is in a linear change trend, so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer; wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend;

[0015] The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power supply in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

[0016] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a new energy hydrogen production system, including a busbar and a power supply, an electrochemical energy storage module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell and a controller electrically connected to the busbar respectively, and the controller is used to execute the method described in the first aspect above.

[0017] The embodiment of the present invention provides a stable operation method, device and new energy hydrogen production system of a new energy hydrogen production system. First, by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolyzer, the load curve of the electrolyzer is adjusted to a linear downward trend until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolyzer; at the same time, by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell, the load curve of the fuel cell is adjusted to a linear upward trend until it is increased to the target operating load of the fuel cell; then, when the load curve of at least one of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell is in a linear change trend, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module is controlled to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer. Therefore, the above technical solution can effectively achieve the stable operation of the new energy hydrogen production system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a new energy hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is an operation process diagram of the new energy hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1-busbar; 2-power supply; 3-electrochemical energy storage module; 4-hydrogen storage module; 41-electrolyzer; 42-hydrogen storage assembly; 5-fuel cell; 6-controller; 7-hydrogen application module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system, which is applied to a controller 6 of the new energy hydrogen production system. The new energy hydrogen production system includes a busbar 1 and a power supply 2, an electrochemical energy storage module 3, a hydrogen storage module 4, a fuel cell 5 and a controller 6 electrically connected to the busbar 1 respectively. The hydrogen storage module 4 includes an electrolyzer 41 and a hydrogen storage assembly 42. The hydrogen storage assembly 42 is connected to the fuel cell 5. When the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell 5 is turned off, the power supply 2 is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer 41 through the busbar 1, the electrolyzer 41 is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly 42, and the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is used to charge and discharge the busbar 1 based on the electric energy generated by the power supply 2 in real time, so as to achieve the purpose of smoothing the fluctuation of electric power, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the electrolyzer 41;

[0028] When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell 5 is started, and the method includes:

[0029] Step 100, by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell 41, the load curve of the electrolytic cell 41 is adjusted to a linear downward trend until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell 41;

[0030] Step 102, by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell 5, the load curve of the fuel cell 5 is adjusted to a linear upward trend until it reaches the target operating load of the fuel cell 5; wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load;

[0031] Step 104: When the load curve of at least one of the electrolytic cell 41 and the fuel cell 5 is in a linear change trend, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is controlled to ensure the stable operation of the electrolytic cell 41; wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend;

[0032] The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power source 2 in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

[0033] In this embodiment, firstly, by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolyzer 41, the load curve of the electrolyzer 41 is adjusted to a linear downward trend until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolyzer 41; at the same time, by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell 5, the load curve of the fuel cell 5 is adjusted to a linear upward trend until it is increased to the target operating load of the fuel cell 5; then, when the load curve of at least one of the electrolyzer 41 and the fuel cell 5 is in a linear change trend, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is controlled to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer 41. Therefore, the above technical solution can effectively realize the stable operation of the new energy hydrogen production system.

[0034] It should be noted that the new energy hydrogen production system provided by the present invention adds a fuel cell 5 and a controller 6 compared to the new energy hydrogen production system in the background technology or related technology. Therefore, compared with blindly increasing the configuration scale of the electrochemical energy storage module in order to meet the protection requirements of the hydrogen storage module, the new energy hydrogen production system provided by the present invention has higher economy, stability and robustness.

[0035] It can be understood that adjusting the load curve of the electrolyzer 41 to a linear downward trend and adjusting the load curve of the fuel cell 5 to a linear upward trend can ensure that the equipment life of the electrolyzer 41 and the fuel cell 5 can be better protected when operating in the protection mode.

[0036] In some implementations, the new energy may be wind power, photovoltaic power, or other new energy sources. The specific type of new energy is not specifically limited here.

[0037] In some embodiments, the electrochemical energy storage module 3 may include an electrochemical battery (such as a lithium iron phosphate battery), a battery management system (i.e., BMS), an energy storage inverter (i.e., PCS), an energy management system (i.e., EMS), etc. The specific type and composition of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 are not specifically limited herein.

[0038] In some embodiments, the electrolytic cell 41 may include an aqueous solution electrolytic cell, a molten salt electrolytic cell, and a non-aqueous solution electrolytic cell, and the specific type and composition of the electrolytic cell 41 are not particularly limited herein.

[0039] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage assembly 42 may include a buffer tank, a compressor, and a hydrogen storage tank, and the specific type and composition of the hydrogen storage assembly 42 are not specifically limited herein.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fuel cell 5 may include a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (i.e., PEMFC), an oxide fuel cell (i.e., SOFC), an alkaline fuel cell (i.e., AFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (i.e., PAFC), and a high-temperature molten carbonate fuel cell (i.e., MCFC). The specific type and composition of the fuel cell 5 are not specifically limited herein.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen application module 7 is further included, and the hydrogen application module 7 is connected to the hydrogen storage component 42 of the hydrogen storage module 4 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the hydrogen application module 7 may include an application for methanol generation and an application for vehicle hydrogenation. The specific type and composition of the hydrogen application module 7 are not specifically limited herein.

[0043] Please continue reading Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the load curve of the electrolytic cell 41 is adjusted by the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Where P EL (t) represents the function of the operating power of the electrolytic cell 41 changing with time t; P EL,rc represents the rated power of the electrolytic cell 41; θ represents the power reduction factor of the electrolytic cell 41, which represents the appropriate reduction speed of the power of the electrolytic cell 41 per unit time and is related to the specific model of the electrolytic cell 41; P EL,min represents the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell 41; t EL,1d It represents the linear load reduction time of the electrolytic cell 41.

[0046] Please continue reading Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the load curve of the fuel cell 5 is adjusted by the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] P FC，ta =P LE，min <P EL，rc

[0049] t FC，lu ≤t EL，ld

[0050] Where P FC (t) represents the function of the operating power of the fuel cell 5 changing with time t; ε represents the power rise factor of the fuel cell 5, which represents the appropriate rise amplitude of the power of the fuel cell 5 per unit time and is related to the specific model of the fuel cell 5; P FC,ta represents the rated power of the fuel cell 5; tFC,lu It represents the linear load-up time of the fuel cell 5 .

[0051] Please continue reading Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is controlled by the following formula:

[0052] P ESS (t) = P EL (t)-P E (t)-P FC (t)

[0053] Where P ESS (t) represents the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3; P E (t) represents the real-time power that power source 2 can provide.

[0054] Furthermore, the capacity configuration of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 may be calculated in the following manner:

[0055] During the protection mode operation, the total discharge capacity C of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 ESS for:

[0056]

[0057] The constraints of electrochemical energy storage module 3 are:

[0058] 10%≤SOC ESS ≤90%, preferably 20%≤SOC ESS ≤80%

[0059] In the formula, SOC ESS Indicates the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage module 3, that is, the remaining power.

[0060] Therefore, the required capacity of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 of the new energy hydrogen production system should be no less than 1.25C ESS , preferably not less than 1.67C ESS .

[0061] Furthermore, after considering the system loss of 10% to 15%, the capacity of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 should be no less than 1.39C ESS , preferably not less than 2C ESS .

[0062] It is understandable that the stable operation device of the new energy hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Figure 2As shown, it is a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device where a stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is located, except Figure 2 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown, the electronic device in the embodiment may also include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing messages, etc. Taking software implementation as an example, Figure 3 As shown, as a device in a logical sense, the CPU of the electronic device in which it is located reads the corresponding computer program in the non-volatile memory into the internal memory and runs it.

[0063] The present embodiment provides a stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system, which is applied to a controller 6 of the new energy hydrogen production system. The new energy hydrogen production system includes a busbar 1 and a power supply 2, an electrochemical energy storage module 3, a hydrogen storage module 4, a fuel cell 5 and a controller 6 electrically connected to the busbar 1 respectively. The hydrogen storage module 4 includes an electrolyzer 41 and a hydrogen storage assembly 42. The hydrogen storage assembly 42 is connected to the fuel cell 5. When the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell 5 is turned off, the power supply 2 is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer 41 through the busbar 1, the electrolyzer 41 is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly 42, and the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is used to charge and discharge the busbar 1 based on the electric energy generated by the power supply 2 in real time to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer 41.

[0064] When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell 5 is started, and the device includes:

[0065] The first adjustment unit 300 is used to adjust the load curve of the electrolytic cell 41 to a linear downward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell 41 until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell 41;

[0066] The second adjustment unit 302 is used to adjust the load curve of the fuel cell 5 to a linear upward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell 5 until it reaches the target operating load of the fuel cell 5; wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load;

[0067] The control unit 304 is used to control the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 when the load curve of at least one of the electrolyzer 41 and the fuel cell 5 is in a linear change trend, so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer 41; wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend;

[0068] The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power source 2 in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first adjustment unit 300 can be used to execute step 100 in the above method embodiment, the second adjustment unit 302 can be used to execute step 102 in the above method embodiment, and the control unit 304 can be used to execute step 104 in the above method embodiment.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the load curve of the electrolytic cell 41 is adjusted by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Where P EL (t) represents the function of the operating power of the electrolytic cell 41 changing with time t; P EL,rc represents the rated power of the electrolytic cell 41; θ represents the power reduction factor of the electrolytic cell 41, which represents the appropriate reduction speed of the power of the electrolytic cell 41 per unit time and is related to the specific model of the electrolytic cell 41; P EL,min represents the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell 41; t EL,ld It represents the linear load reduction time of the electrolytic cell 41.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the load curve of the fuel cell 5 is adjusted by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] P FC，ta =P LE，min <P EL，rc

[0076] t FC，lu ≤t EL，ld

[0077] Where P FC (t) represents the function of the operating power of the fuel cell 5 changing with time t; ε represents the power rise factor of the fuel cell 5, which represents the appropriate rise amplitude of the power of the fuel cell 5 per unit time and is related to the specific model of the fuel cell 5; P FC,ta represents the rated power of the fuel cell 5; t FC,lu It represents the linear load-up time of the fuel cell 5 .

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3 is controlled by the following formula:

[0079] P ESS (t) = P EL (t)-P E (t)-P FC (t)

[0080] Where PESS (t) represents the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module 3; P E (t) represents the real-time power that power source 2 can provide.

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a new energy hydrogen production system, including a busbar 1 and a power source 2, an electrochemical energy storage module 3, a hydrogen storage module 4, a fuel cell 5 and a controller 6 electrically connected to the busbar 1, respectively, and the controller 6 is used to execute the method mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0082] It is understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system. In other embodiments of the present invention, a stable operation device of a new energy hydrogen production system may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0083] The information interaction, execution process and other contents between the modules in the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the embodiment of the method of the present invention. For the specific contents, please refer to the description in the embodiment of the method of the present invention, and no further description is given here.

[0084] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, a stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0085] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes a stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Specifically, a system or device equipped with a storage medium can be provided, on which software program code that implements the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored, and a computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or device can be enabled to read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.

[0087] In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium can realize the function of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute a part of the present invention.

[0088] The storage medium embodiments for providing the program code include a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), a magnetic tape, a non-volatile memory card, and a ROM. Alternatively, the program code can be downloaded from a server computer by a communication network.

[0089] In addition, it should be clear that the functions of any of the above embodiments can be implemented not only by executing the program code read by the computer, but also by enabling an operating system operating on the computer to complete part or all of the actual operations based on instructions from the program code.

[0090] In addition, it can be understood that the program code read from the storage medium is written to a memory provided in an expansion board inserted into the computer or to a memory provided in an expansion module connected to the computer, and then based on the instructions of the program code, a CPU installed on the expansion board or expansion module is enabled to perform part or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or electronic device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or electronic device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical factors in the process, method, article or electronic device including the elements.

[0092] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., various storage media that can store program codes.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stable operation method of a new energy hydrogen production system, characterized in that: A controller (6) applied to a new energy hydrogen production system, the new energy hydrogen production system comprising a busbar (1) and a power source (2) electrically connected to the busbar (1), an electrochemical energy storage module (3), a hydrogen storage module (4), a fuel cell (5) and the controller (6), the hydrogen storage module (4) comprising an electrolyzer (41) and a hydrogen storage assembly (42), the hydrogen storage assembly (42) being connected to the fuel cell (5), and when the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell (5) is turned off, the power source (2) is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer (41) through the busbar (1), the electrolyzer (41) is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly (42), and the electrochemical energy storage module (3) is used to charge and discharge the busbar (1) based on the electric energy generated by the power source (2) in real time, so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer (41); When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell (5) is started, and the method comprises: By adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell (41), the load curve of the electrolytic cell (41) is adjusted to a linear downward trend until it is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell (41); By adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell (5), the load curve of the fuel cell (5) is adjusted to a linear upward trend until it rises to a target operating load of the fuel cell (5); wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load; When the load curve of at least one of the electrolytic cell (41) and the fuel cell (5) is in a linear change trend, the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3) is controlled to ensure the stable operation of the electrolytic cell (41); wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend; The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power source (2) in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The load curve of the electrolytic cell (41) is adjusted by the following formula: Where P EL (t) represents the function of the operating power of the electrolytic cell (41) changing with time t; P EL,rc represents the rated power of the electrolytic cell (41); θ represents the power reduction factor of the electrolytic cell (41), which represents the appropriate reduction speed of the power of the electrolytic cell (41) per unit time and is related to the specific model of the electrolytic cell (41); P EL,min represents the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell (41); t EL,ld Indicates the linear load reduction time of the electrolytic cell (41).

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The load curve of the fuel cell (5) is adjusted by the following formula: P FC，ta =P LE，min <P EL，rc t FC,lu ≤t EL，ld Where P FC (t) represents a function of the operating power of the fuel cell (5) varying with time t; ε represents the power rise factor of the fuel cell (5), which represents the appropriate rise amplitude of the power of the fuel cell (5) per unit time and is related to the specific model of the fuel cell (5); P FC,ta represents the rated power of the fuel cell (5); t FC,lu Indicates the linear load-up time of the fuel cell (5).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3) is controlled by the following formula: P ESS (t)=P EL (t)-P E (t)-P FC (t) Where P ESS (t) represents the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3); P E (t) represents the real-time power that the power source (2) can provide.

5. A stable operation device for a new energy hydrogen production system, characterized in that: A controller (6) applied to a new energy hydrogen production system, the new energy hydrogen production system comprising a busbar (1) and a power source (2) electrically connected to the busbar (1), an electrochemical energy storage module (3), a hydrogen storage module (4), a fuel cell (5) and the controller (6), the hydrogen storage module (4) comprising an electrolyzer (41) and a hydrogen storage assembly (42), the hydrogen storage assembly (42) being connected to the fuel cell (5), and when the new energy hydrogen production system is in normal operation mode, the fuel cell (5) is turned off, the power source (2) is used to transmit the electric energy generated by the new energy to the electrolyzer (41) through the busbar (1), the electrolyzer (41) is used to generate hydrogen and transmit the generated hydrogen to the hydrogen storage assembly (42), and the electrochemical energy storage module (3) is used to charge and discharge the busbar (1) based on the electric energy generated by the power source (2) in real time, so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolyzer (41); When the new energy hydrogen production system is in the protection mode, the fuel cell (5) is started, and the device comprises: A first adjustment unit, configured to adjust the load curve of the electrolytic cell (41) to a linear downward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell (41), until the load is reduced to the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell (41); A second adjustment unit, for adjusting the load curve of the fuel cell (5) to a linear upward trend by adjusting the voltage and current of the fuel cell (5) until the load curve reaches a target operating load of the fuel cell (5); wherein the target operating load is equal to the minimum operating load; A control unit, for controlling the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3) when the load curve of at least one of the electrolytic cell (41) and the fuel cell (5) is in a linear change trend, so as to ensure the stable operation of the electrolytic cell (41); wherein the linear change trend includes a linear downward trend and a linear upward trend; The protection mode is used to represent a mode corresponding to a sudden drop in the electric energy generated by the power source (2) in real time and being unable to be restored within a certain period of time.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The load curve of the electrolytic cell (41) is adjusted by the following formula: Where P EL (t) represents the function of the operating power of the electrolytic cell (41) changing with time t; P EL,rc represents the rated power of the electrolytic cell (41); θ represents the power reduction factor of the electrolytic cell (41), which represents the appropriate reduction speed of the power of the electrolytic cell (41) per unit time and is related to the specific model of the electrolytic cell (41); P EL,min represents the minimum operating load of the electrolytic cell (41); t EL,ld Indicates the linear load reduction time of the electrolytic cell (41).

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The load curve of the fuel cell (5) is adjusted by the following formula: P FC，ta =P LE，min <P EL，rc t FC,lu ≤t EL，ld Where P FC (t) represents a function of the operating power of the fuel cell (5) varying with time t; ε represents the power rise factor of the fuel cell (5), which represents the appropriate rise amplitude of the power of the fuel cell (5) per unit time and is related to the specific model of the fuel cell (5); P FC,ta represents the rated power of the fuel cell (5); t FC,lu Indicates the linear load-up time of the fuel cell (5).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3) is controlled by the following formula: P ESS (t)=P EL (t)-P E (t)-P FC (t) Where P ESS (t) represents the real-time output of the electrochemical energy storage module (3); P E (t) represents the real-time power that the power source (2) can provide.

9. A new energy hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It comprises a busbar (1) and a power source (2) electrically connected to the busbar (1), an electrochemical energy storage module (3), a hydrogen storage module (4), a fuel cell (5) and a controller (6), wherein the controller (6) is used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes a hydrogen application module (7), which is connected to the hydrogen storage component (42) of the hydrogen storage module (4).

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