Integrated optical storage charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities combined pole device and microgrid system

Abstract

The present application provides an integrated pole device and a microgrid system integrating optical storage charging / discharging and municipal transportation facilities. The integrated pole device includes an optical storage charging / discharging facility, a municipal transportation facility, and a pole body, and the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body; the optical storage charging / discharging facility includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage facility built in the internal space of the pole body, and a charger / discharger wall-mounted on the pole body. The integrated pole device optimizes the spatial layout of each module to minimize the floor area and volume to the greatest extent, and improve the utilization rate and aesthetics of urban space. The integrated pole-type microgrid system has an energy management system with hierarchical and time-segmented control, divides multiple power balance modes, can operate in parallel / grid-isolated switching, and can still operate independently and continuously during peak power limit or power failure of the power grid, which can promote the integration and unified management of electric vehicle charging / discharging and municipal transportation facilities, and significantly improve the energy dispatching and utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of power supply and distribution technology, and relates to a microgrid system, and in particular to an integrated pole device and microgrid system integrating photovoltaic storage, charging and discharging, and municipal transportation facilities. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for the intensification and intelligence of municipal infrastructure is becoming increasingly urgent. As a new type of urban road supporting facilities, the integrated pole device integrates various functions such as traffic lights, road lighting, monitoring equipment, and information screens, and has initially solved the problem of fragmentation of public spaces caused by the proliferation of traditional poles.

[0003] However, the integrated pole device in the existing technology only realizes the physical integration and functional stacking of facilities, but does not build an energy interconnection system. Each module (such as lighting, signal lights, and charging piles) is independently connected to the public power grid, resulting in an extensive power supply mode and one-way energy flow. It is impossible to achieve the microgrid operation of "self-generation and self-use-surplus power sharing" through the coordination of photovoltaic storage and charging and discharging, lacking energy coordination and low energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, the existing integrated pole devices are completely dependent on the main grid for power supply. When the grid is experiencing peak power cuts or failures, important municipal loads (such as traffic lights) face the risk of power outages. They lack the ability to operate in an isolated island supported by energy storage and distributed power sources, have weak risk resistance, and are unable to ensure the reliability of the urban transportation system.

[0005] At the same time, the existing integrated pole devices lack the ability to perceive and dynamically optimize load demand, photovoltaic output, and electricity price signals in real time. They are unable to achieve “peak shaving and valley filling” and reduce energy costs through stratified or time-divided strategies, nor can they respond to the demand-side management requirements of urban power grids.

[0006] Finally, the pole surface, internal cavity and underground space of the existing integrated pole device are not fully utilized. For example, the pole surface is only used to hang equipment and is not covered with photovoltaic power generation film; no energy storage system or power electronic equipment is deployed in the internal space; charging piles or V2G facilities are not integrated in the pole, resulting in repeated occupation of land resources and waste of energy production potential. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide an integrated pole device and a microgrid system integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities. Through the trinity innovation of "space reconstruction - energy interconnection - intelligent control", it is intended to achieve "three-dimensional intensive design and extreme utilization of space resources", "multi-energy complementary microgrid architecture", and "intelligent hierarchical control and sub-period dynamic optimization" for the integrated pole device and the integrated pole type microgrid system, upgrade the traditional integrated pole to an "energy interconnection system", and realize the leap of the power supply mode of municipal facilities from "solely relying on the power grid" to "local consumption - dynamic balance - wide-area mutual assistance", providing a highly intensive, flexible and reliable infrastructure model for smart cities.

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide an integrated pole type microgrid system. The integrated pole type microgrid system includes a photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging system and a load of municipal transportation facilities. Among them, the municipal transportation facilities are arranged on the pole body of the integrated pole device integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging; the photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage device built in the internal space of the pole body, and a charger / discharger wall-mounted on the pole body; based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole type microgrid system and different time periods, determine the energy interaction modes between each module of the integrated pole type microgrid system and the public distribution network, and integrate to form a hierarchical and sub-period energy management strategy for the integrated pole type microgrid system; the hierarchical and sub-period energy management strategy of the integrated pole type microgrid system includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole type microgrid system and judging the state of charge of the energy storage device, and determining a suitable power balance mode according to the above surplus power and state of charge; on the basis of determining a suitable power balance mode, adjust the operation strategies of each module in the integrated pole type microgrid system according to the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods to form a power complementary mode adapted to different time periods.

[0009] In some implementation manners, the integrated pole type microgrid system further includes a distribution box. The integrated pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box through an underground cable and is connected to the low-voltage public distribution network through a distribution switch.

[0010] In some implementation manners, the integrated pole type microgrid system further includes an energy management system; the photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging system is connected to an AC common bus with the municipal transportation facilities; the AC common bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to the low-voltage public distribution network through a grid connection switch; the energy management system conducts data communication with the grid dispatching center through a wireless signaler.

[0011] In some implementation manners, the power generation area S g and the power generation power P g are:

[0012] ;

[0013] Wherein, L g 、 W g and H g respectively represent the length, width and height of the photovoltaic power generation thin film, ρ g represents the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation thin film.

[0014] In some implementation manners, the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a bottom control area, a middle control area and a top control area. Wherein, the bottom control area is used for module control and instruction execution, the middle control area is used for data acquisition, data processing and signal transmission, and the top control area is used for energy management and dispatching control.

[0015] In some implementation manners, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple power balance modes, and the power balance mode is determined according to the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the state of charge of the energy storage device.

[0016] In some implementation manners, the surplus power δP is:

[0017] ;

[0018] Wherein, the charging power of the energy storage device is P b,ch , the discharging power is P b,dis ; the charging power of the charger is P V2G,ch , the discharging power is P V2G,dis ; the load power of the municipal traffic facilities is P L , the power purchased from the public power grid for grid connection is P n，buy , the power sold and delivered downward is P n，sell , P g represents the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation thin film.

[0019] In some implementations, when the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charging and discharging power of the charger is balanced, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger is less than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can be static, the charging power of the charger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network absorbs power from the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode; when the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger is greater than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode; when the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be static, the charging power of the charger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power to the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode.

[0020] In some implementations, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, which are determined according to the power balance mode and the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application further provides an integrated pole device integrating optical storage charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities, which is used to cooperate with the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiment of the present application. The integrated pole device includes an optical storage charging and discharging facility, a municipal transportation facility and a pole body, and the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body; the optical storage charging and discharging facility includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage facility built in the internal space of the pole body, and a charger wall-mounted on the pole body.

[0022] As described above, the integrated pole device integrating optical storage charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities and the microgrid system provided by the embodiment of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] Based on the integration of multi-functional municipal transportation facilities, the embodiments of the present application integrate photovoltaic power generation thin films, energy storage devices, and chargers into the integrated pole device. Through the energy management system, the integrated pole device is connected to the photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system in a coordinated manner, forming an integrated pole-type microgrid system that integrates functions such as photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, charging, municipal lighting, traffic monitoring, and microgrid management. The power supply and operation of this system do not completely rely on the public power grid, and it can still operate independently and continuously even during peak power rationing or power outages of the power grid.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the spatial layout, volume, and floor area of the integrated pole device can be further optimized by adopting photovoltaic power generation thin films and smart lift chargers that can be conveniently side-mounted. Thus, while integrating multiple types of functions, by making full use of the surface area, internal space, and spatial layout of the integrated pole, the floor area and volume of the integrated pole device can be minimized, improving the utilization rate and aesthetics of urban space.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, standardized interfaces and communication protocols can be adopted, and the energy management system with hierarchical control can be comprehensively designed to build an integrated pole-type microgrid system with real-time information sharing and energy mutual assistance and interconnection.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, by designing multiple power balance modes of the microgrid system that adapt to different system surplus powers and grid-connected or off-grid operations, continuous uninterrupted operation of the island grid in emergency and fault scenarios can be achieved. Further, in the embodiments of the present application, the power complementary strategies of each module can be adjusted based on the load characteristics of the distribution network in different time periods, and a hierarchical and time-period energy management strategy that adapts to different power balance modes and operation time periods can be established, enabling grid-connected / off-grid switching operation, maximizing the improvement of the energy power balance of the microgrid system, the complementary operation mechanism of each module, and the market benefits.

[0027] The integrated pole device and microgrid system integrating photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities provided by the embodiments of the present application, as one of the core facilities and systems for building the urban intelligent energy transportation Internet, can promote the integration and unified management of electric vehicle charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities, deeply optimize the utilization of urban space and energy management, effectively reduce the dependence on the traditional power grid, significantly improve the energy scheduling and utilization efficiency, and enhance the intelligent, efficient, and environmental protection level of urban infrastructure, having broad prospects for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the integrated pole device in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the hierarchical control structure of energy management for the integrated pole-type microgrid system in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of the energy interaction mode between each module of the microgrid system and the public distribution network determined based on different time periods in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 It shows a flowchart for determining the power balance mode and the energy management strategy in the embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The following uses specific examples to illustrate the implementation manners of the present application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0034] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present application are shown in the diagrams, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" represent examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Exactly, using words such as "exemplary" or "for example" aims to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. "At least one (item)" or its similar expression below refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (item) or plural items (items). For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0037] The integrated pole device is an urban infrastructure device located on both sides of the road. However, most integrated pole devices usually only simply integrate multiple types of facilities and functions, and do not further combine them into an independently operating microgrid system. Their power supply and operation completely rely on the public grid and cannot operate independently and continuously during peak power rationing or power outages of the grid. In addition, although some integrated pole devices integrate small-power photovoltaic power generation devices, photovoltaic power generation depends on weather and time periods, and has obvious intermittency and uncertainty, and cannot fundamentally ensure the continuous and uninterrupted operation of the integrated pole device. On the other hand, some integrated pole devices install electric vehicle charging piles in the internal space of the integrated pole device, or expand and design a part of the lower structure of the device as a charging pile. Although it saves the public floor area of the charging pile to a certain extent, it cannot further optimize and reduce the floor area and volume of the integrated pole device.

[0038] At least for the above problems, an intensive integrated pole device integrating photovoltaics, energy storage, charging and discharging, and municipal transportation facilities is provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated pole device provided by the embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the integrated pole device includes a photovoltaics-energy storage-charging and discharging system, municipal transportation facilities, and a pole body.

[0039] The municipal transportation facilities are arranged on the pole body and include municipal facilities and transportation facilities. Exemplarily, the municipal facilities may include lighting devices, environmental monitors, and / or wireless signalers (such as 5G signalers), etc., and the transportation facilities may include traffic cameras, traffic lights, electronic displays, and / or infrared thermal imagers, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0040] The photovoltaics-energy storage-charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage device built into the internal space of the pole body, and a charging and discharging device wall-mounted on the pole body. Among them, the charging and discharging device is, for example, a convenient wall-mounted lightweight V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) charging and discharging device.

[0041] In some implementation manners, the photovoltaic power generation thin film, the energy storage device, and the charging and discharging device can all be integrated inside and outside a unified rectangular pole body. Among them, the photovoltaic power generation thin film is flatly attached to the outer surface of the pole body. The floor area S d and volume V d are as shown in the following formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] Among them, L d 、W d and H d respectively represent the length, width, and height of the integrated pole device. In specific applications, the floor area and volume of the integrated pole device can be adjusted according to the compliance scale and scenario requirements.

[0044] In some scenarios, L d , W d and H d The value ranges of are 0.3m ≤ L d ≤ 0.4m, 0.25m ≤ W d ≤ 0.35m, 4.5m ≤ H d ≤ 5m. At this time, the ranges of the floor area and volume of the integrated pole device are 0.075m 2 ≤ S d ≤ 0.14m 2 , 0.3375m 3 ≤ V d ≤ 0.7m 3 . It can be seen from this that the floor area and volume of the integrated pole device in the embodiments of this application are very compact, and can save public area and space as much as possible.

[0045] In some implementation manners, the power generation area S g of the photovoltaic power generation thin film and the power generation power P g are as shown in the following formula:

[0046] ;

[0047] Among them, L g , W g and H g respectively represent the length, width, and height of the photovoltaic power generation thin film, ρ g represents the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation thin film.

[0048] In some scenarios, ρ g The value range of is 50~60 watts / m 2 , and the value ranges of the length, width, and height of the photovoltaic power generation thin film are 0.25m ≤ L g≤0.35 m, 0.2 m ≤ W g ≤0.3 m, 3.0 m ≤ H g ≤3.5 m. At this time, the power generation area and power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation film are: 2.7 m 2 ≤ S g ≤4.55 m 2 , 135 watts ≤ P g ≤273 watts. Assuming that the average effective illumination time in a certain area in a day is 8 hours, the electric energy that the photovoltaic power generation film can generate every day is 1080 watt-hours to 2184 watt-hours.

[0049] In some scenarios, the energy storage device is built into the hollow area at the bottom of the pole body, and the capacity range is, for example, 40kW / 80kWh to 60kW / 120kWh.

[0050] In some scenarios, the power of the charger / discharger is, for example, 7kW.

[0051] It should be understood that the above parameters regarding the photovoltaic power generation film, the energy storage device, and the charger / discharger are only examples in some implementation manners of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and these parameters can be adjusted according to actual requirements in other implementation manners.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present application, a comprehensive pole-type microgrid system is further provided. The comprehensive pole-type microgrid system includes a photovoltaic-storage-charging-discharging system and a municipal traffic facility load. Among them, the municipal traffic facility is arranged on the pole body of a comprehensive pole device integrating photovoltaic-storage-charging-discharging and municipal traffic facilities. The photovoltaic-storage-charging-discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage device built into the internal space of the pole body, and a charger / discharger wall-mounted on the pole body.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, the comprehensive pole-type microgrid system may further include a distribution box. The comprehensive pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box through an underground cable and is connected to the low-voltage public power distribution network through a distribution switch.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2 , in an embodiment of the present application, the comprehensive pole-type microgrid system may further include an Energy Management System (EMS). The photovoltaic-storage-charging-discharging system and the municipal traffic facility are connected to a unified AC common bus. The AC common bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to the low-voltage public power distribution network through a grid connection switch. The energy management system conducts data communication with the grid dispatching center through a wireless signaler.

[0055] Exemplarily, an electricity meter and a power quality monitor can be connected to the AC common bus. Among them, the electricity meter can measure the electricity consumption on the AC common bus in real time and accurately, providing accurate data for energy management, facilitating cost accounting and energy-saving analysis. The power quality monitor can monitor parameters such as voltage, current, harmonics, and power factor in real time, and promptly detect power quality problems (such as voltage fluctuations, excessive harmonics, etc.) to ensure stable power supply quality.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, since the photovoltaic thin film, energy storage device, and charger in the integrated pole device can maintain the power consumption demand and system power balance of municipal transportation facilities for a certain period of time, the integrated pole type microgrid system provided by the embodiment of the present application can operate in a grid-connected mode or switch to an off-grid mode during peak or fault periods of the grid.

[0057] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the hierarchical control structure of the energy management of the integrated pole type microgrid system in an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, in some implementation manners, the integrated pole type microgrid system includes a bottom control area, a middle control area, and a top control area.

[0058] The bottom control area is the control and instruction execution layer of each module of the integrated pole type microgrid system. This layer uses a microgrid controller to control each photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system and load module to execute scheduling and control instructions. The power of each module in the system complements and supports each other to achieve power optimization of the microgrid. The bottom control area receives the power signal from the middle control area and the scheduling instruction from the top control area, and uploads the historical operation data of each module and feedbacks the real-time status. The formulas of each core module in the bottom control area are as follows.

[0059] The photovoltaic thin film is set with two control modes, as shown in the following formula:

[0060] ;

[0061] Wherein, t represents the time, P g,1 ( t ) and P g,2 ( t ) respectively represent the output power of the first mode and the output power of the second mode at the t time, η g respectively represent the power generation efficiency coefficients in the first mode, G ( t ) is the real-time light intensity at the t time, Δ T ( t ) is at the tTemperature deviation at a moment, α is the temperature correction coefficient. P n,sell,max ( t ) represents the maximum power sold by the distribution network at the moment of t ; P b,dis ( t ) represents the discharge power of the energy storage system at the moment of t .

[0062] The charge and discharge control of the energy storage system (ESS) is as follows.

[0063] ;

[0064] Among them, P b,sch ( t ) represents the high-level dispatching instruction for the energy storage device at the moment of t ; P b,ch,max ( t ) and P b,dis,max ( t ) respectively represent the maximum charging power and the maximum discharge power of the energy storage device at the moment of t ; SOC b ( t ) and SOC b ( t - 1) respectively represent the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage device at the moment of t and at the moment of t-1 ; η b,ch and η b,dis respectively represent the charging efficiency and the discharge efficiency of the energy storage device; Δ t represents a certain time period for the charge and discharge of the energy storage device; E b represents the rated power of the energy storage device.

[0065] The priority setting of the charge and discharge execution logic of the convenient wall-mounted lightweight V2G charger is: emergency power supply > user demand > dispatching plan, and the corresponding control mode is as follows.

[0066] ;

[0067] Among them, P V2G ( t ) represents the power of the charger participating in V2G charge and discharge at the moment of t ; PV2G，sch ( t ) represents the high-level scheduling instruction regarding the V2G charging and discharging of the charger at the moment of t . δ i (t) ∈ {0, 1} indicates whether the i th electric vehicle can participate in V2G charging and discharging. P V2G，i,max represents the maximum value of the power of the charger participating in V2G charging and discharging. N V2G ( t ) represents the number of electric vehicles participating in V2G charging and discharging at the moment of t .

[0068] The municipal traffic load implements a dynamic regulation and control strategy. Taking the loads of street lights and traffic lights, the two main facilities, as examples, the street lights adopt an intelligent dimming control mode in cooperation with the energy storage device, and the traffic lights adopt an energy-saving mode (triggered during the evening peak period), as shown in the following formula.

[0069] ;

[0070] Among them, P light ( t ) and P traffic ( t ) respectively represent the powers of the street lights and traffic lights at the moment of t . P light，base represents the basic power of the street lights. P traffic，base represents the basic power of the traffic lights. γ represents the cooperation coefficient between the street lights and the energy storage system. SOC b,max represents SOC b ( t )'s maximum value.

[0071] The public distribution network adopts an interactive execution of power purchase / sale power limits to ensure that the local minimum load demand is preferentially met during power sales, as shown in the following formula.

[0072] ;

[0073] Among them, P n，buy ( t ) and P n，sell ( t ) respectively represent the power grid's power purchase from the grid and power sale to the downstream at the moment of t .P n，max Represents the maximum limit power of power purchase from the grid for the distribution network. P g ( t ) represents the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation film at the t moment. P b，dis ( t ) represents the discharge power of the energy storage device at the t moment. P L，min Represents the minimum load power of the integrated pole. P n，buy,sch ( t ) and P n，sell,sch ( t ) respectively represent the high-level dispatching instructions regarding power purchase from the grid and power selling and delivering at the t moment. P n，buy,max Represents P n，buy ( t )'s maximum value.

[0074] The bottom control area ensures the reliable execution of energy flow under complex time period strategies and responds to real-time changes (such as random vehicle access and light fluctuations) by implementing the control methods of the above modules. It is the "bottom hardware defense line" in the hierarchical control architecture.

[0075] The middle control area is the data acquisition, calculation, and signal transmission layer of the integrated pole type microgrid system. Based on the historical operation data of each module collected from the bottom layer, this layer calculates the surplus power of the integrated pole type microgrid system, thereby determining the output adjustment signal, grid connection / disconnection operation signal, and power balance mode signal that the integrated pole type microgrid system needs to adjust. The middle control area receives the prediction results of each module from the high-level control area, uploads the generated power signal to the high-level, and decomposes the dispatching instructions. The data acquisition control model of the middle control area is as follows:

[0076] ;

[0077] The instruction decomposition control model is as follows:

[0078] ;

[0079] Among them, P g，mod ( t ) and P L，mod ( t ) respectively represent the correction value of the photovoltaic power generation power and the correction value of the integrated pole load power at the t moment.ε g and ε L respectively represent the measurement errors of the photovoltaic power generation power and the integrated pole load power. P b，ref and P b，emergency respectively represent the control target value of the energy storage device and the charge and discharge power in an emergency. P V2G，ref and P V2G，emergency respectively represent the control target value of the V2G charge and discharge power and the charge and discharge power in an emergency. μ , β are the weight coefficients of the energy storage device and the charger respectively, used to balance the planned and emergency demands.

[0080] The high-level control area is the energy management system and the dispatching control layer of the integrated pole-type microgrid system. This layer processes and analyzes the historical operation data and power signals of each module collected, then uses intelligent algorithms to carry out output and load forecasting, and transmits the sorted statistics to the dispatching center, thereby creating dispatching instructions and sending the instruction signals to the low-level control area.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, one day can be divided into 6 time periods according to the load fluctuation conditions of the public power distribution network at different time periods of each day: morning peak (08:00~12:00), noon valley (12:00~14:00), noon flat (14:00~18:00), evening peak (18:00~22:00), evening flat (22:00~24:00), early valley (00:00~08:00). The high-level control area realizes global optimal dispatching by formulating a time-of-use energy plan, and the control objective function is designed as follows.

[0082] ;

[0083] Among them, t =1~6 respectively correspond to six time periods (morning peak, noon valley, noon flat, evening peak, evening flat, early valley), C n,buy ( t ) and C sell,buy ( t ) respectively represent the costs of purchasing electricity from the power distribution network in the morning and selling electricity in the afternoon at t moment, C b,loss represents the charge and discharge loss cost of the energy storage device, C V2G,loss represents the battery loss cost of the charger participating in V2G charge and discharge,

[0084] As described above, through the hierarchical control of the above three layers in the embodiments of the present application, real-time information sharing, power complementary mutual assistance, and real-time response of power output and load demand in the integrated pole-type microgrid system can be achieved.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system can be divided into multiple power balance modes based on the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system as the basic basis.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present application, if the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation thin film is P g , the charge and discharge power of the energy storage device is P b (the charge power is P b,ch , the discharge power is P b,dis ), the charge and discharge power of the charge and discharge device is P V2G (the charge power is P V2G,ch , the discharge power is P V2G,dis , the load power of the municipal transportation facilities is P L , the power on-grid / power down-sending of the public power distribution network is P n (the power on-grid purchase power is P n，buy , the power down-sending and selling power is P n，sell ), then the surplus power δP is as shown in the following formula:

[0087] ;

[0088] Table 1 shows the operating states of the corresponding modules in different power balance modes of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Table 1, these implementation methods include the first power balance mode to the fifth power balance mode.

[0089] Table 1. Operating state table of corresponding modules in different power balance modes of the integrated pole-type microgrid system

[0090]

[0091] When the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charge and discharge power of the charge and discharge device is balanced, the external power of the public power distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the first power balance mode is as shown in the following formula:

[0092] ;

[0093] When the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger / discharger is less than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the second power balance mode is shown as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] When the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger / discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network absorbs power from the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode. The system balance equation in the third power balance mode is shown as follows:

[0096] ;

[0097] When the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger / discharger is greater than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected or off-grid mode. The system balance equation in the fourth power balance mode is shown as follows:

[0098] ;

[0099] When the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be stationary, the charging power of the charger / discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power to the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in the grid-connected mode. The system balance equation in the fifth power balance mode is shown as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] Among them, the integrated pole-type microgrid system can realize the switching between the grid-connected / off-grid operation modes. When the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in the off-grid operation mode, there is no power interaction with the public distribution network, that is P n (Island)=0.

[0102] As described above, when the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in the first power balance mode, the second power balance mode, or the fourth power balance mode, it can be switched between grid-connected and off-grid modes, and can be converted to an islanded operation mode in an emergency scenario to achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation. When the integrated pole-type microgrid system is in the third power balance mode or the fifth power balance mode, it needs to be grid-connected for most of the time. When converting to the islanded operation mode, it is necessary to first evaluate the remaining power supply energy of the internal photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system of the integrated pole-type microgrid system.

[0103] According to the six time periods divided by the public distribution network, combined with the photovoltaic output characteristics, electricity prices, and traffic loads in different time periods, the time-of-use energy management strategy is designed as shown in Table 2.

[0104] Table 2. Time-of-use Energy Management Strategy of the Integrated Pole-Type Microgrid

[0105]

[0106] Based on the time-of-use energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid, the energy interaction methods between each module of the microgrid system and the public distribution network in different time periods are designed as Figure 4 shown.

[0107] In an embodiment of the present application, the integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, and the energy management strategy is determined according to the power balance mode and the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the energy interaction methods between each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the public distribution network can be determined based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and different time periods, and a hierarchical time-of-use energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is formed by integration.

[0108] Figure 5 It shows a flowchart for determining the power balance mode and the energy management strategy in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, SOC max and SOC min can be set according to actual needs. As Figure 5 shown, this process includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and judging the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage device, determining a suitable power balance mode according to the above-mentioned surplus power and state of charge; on the basis of determining a suitable power balance mode, adjusting the operation strategies of each module in the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods to form a power complementary method adapted to different time periods, and maximizing the improvement of the energy power balance, complementary operation of each module, and market benefits of the integrated pole-type microgrid system.

[0109] In summary, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a surface photovoltaic power generation thin film that can maximize the area, capacity, and efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and a energy storage device disposed inside the pole body of the integrated pole, and further includes other modules such as a V2G charger / discharger, municipal lighting, traffic signs and monitoring, environmental monitoring, and microgrid management. In addition, the composition, structure, and hierarchical and time-segmented control energy management system of the integrated pole-type microgrid system in the embodiments of the present application form a selection process for the power balance mode and time-segmented power complementary method of the energy management system, realizing a three-level synchronous innovation design system at the device and function level, system and operation level, and operation and maintenance management and benefit level.

[0110] At the device and function level, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application may include municipal facilities (such as lighting devices, environmental detectors, 5G signal devices, etc.), traffic facilities (monitoring cameras, traffic lights, electronic displays, etc.), power generation facilities (photovoltaic power generation thin films, etc.), charge / discharge facilities (convenient wall-mounted intelligent lift-type V2G charge / discharge piles, etc.), and energy storage facilities (built-in energy storage devices in the pole body). In the embodiments of the present application, following the principles of structuring, modularization, and interface standardization, it can achieve convenient installation, maintenance, and upgrade, and has the characteristics of modular and standardized design. The integrated pole-type microgrid system integrates multiple functions such as municipal lighting, traffic signals, monitoring, environmental detection, communication, and photovoltaic energy storage and charging devices, and has the characteristic of high functional integration. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, modular layout methods such as making full use of the surface area, internal space, and hanging space of the pole body are adopted, and each functional module is interconnected, self-sufficient, and coordinated in operation, having the advantages of high space utilization and practicality.

[0111] At the system and operation level, in the embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic power generation thin film, energy storage device, wall-mounted charge / discharge device, and municipal traffic load are formed into a microgrid system through an energy conversion device, electrical circuit, and control and protection device. This system can operate independently or in coordination with the main grid. In the embodiments of the present application, standardized interfaces and a unified communication protocol are also adopted to design hierarchical and time-segmented energy management and dispatching control, forming an energy management system for coordinated microgrids, integrated pole devices, and electric vehicle charging / discharging. Through the design of standardized interfaces and a unified communication protocol, the microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application is effectively connected to the integrated pole device, ensuring unobstructed information transmission between the two. In the embodiments of the present application, according to real-time load demands and energy supply situations, through hierarchical and time-segmented control, the energy distribution between the microgrid system and the integrated pole device can be optimized to achieve efficient energy utilization. In addition, the integrated pole-type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application supports on-grid / off-grid switching and island operation, can adapt to emergency and fault scenarios, and can reliably achieve continuous operation without interruption.

[0112] In terms of operation and maintenance management and benefits, in the embodiments of the present application, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies can be utilized to achieve real-time data collection and analysis, system status monitoring, anomaly and fault warning and analysis, and have a visual remote interface for the whole process. In the embodiments of the present application, a comprehensive pole device can also be regularly inspected and maintained through a perfect operation and maintenance management system, and simple installation, disassembly and update operations can be realized to ensure its long-term stable operation. In the embodiments of the present application, there are reliable electrical connections and protection measures between modules, and the structural strength is high, which can withstand the influence of harsh weather and traffic conditions, so it has the advantages of high safety and reliability. In the comprehensive pole type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application, the equipment layout is intuitive and the installation is simple, the operation and maintenance process and operation mode are simple, the labor demand is small, the new energy utilization rate is high, and the carbon emission is small, so it has the advantages of simplified operation and maintenance and environmental friendliness. In addition, the equipment investment and construction cost of the comprehensive pole type microgrid system provided by the embodiments of the present application are low, the energy utilization rate is high, and it can participate in power grid demand response, peak shaving and frequency modulation, and emergency power supply protection through the microgrid system and the V2G interface to obtain additional benefits, so it has the advantages of high economic and social benefits.

[0113] Therefore, the present application effectively overcomes various disadvantages in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0114] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present application should still be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive pole-type microgrid system, characterized in that, The integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system and a municipal transportation facility load. Among them, the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body of an integrated pole device integrating photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging and municipal transportation facilities; The photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage device built in the internal space of the pole body, and a charger / discharger wall-mounted on the pole body; Based on the energy management hierarchical control structure of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and different time periods, determine the energy interaction methods between each module of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the public distribution network, and integrate them to form a hierarchical and time-period energy management strategy for the integrated pole-type microgrid system; The hierarchical and time-period energy management strategy of the integrated pole-type microgrid system includes: obtaining the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and judging the state of charge of the energy storage device, and determining a suitable power balance mode according to the above surplus power and state of charge; on the basis of determining the suitable power balance mode, adjust the operation strategies of each module in the integrated pole-type microgrid system based on the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods to form a power complementary method adapted to different time periods; The integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple power balance modes, and the power balance mode is determined according to the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system and the state of charge of the energy storage device; When the power balance mode is the first power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is 0, the energy storage device can operate statically, the charging and discharging power of the charger / discharger is balanced, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the second power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device releases energy, the charging power of the charger / discharger is less than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the third power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is greater than 0, the energy storage device can be static, the charging power of the charger / discharger is less than the discharging power, the public distribution network absorbs power from the outside, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected mode; When the power balance mode is the fourth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device absorbs and stores energy, the charging power of the charger / discharger is greater than the discharging power, the external power of the public distribution network is balanced, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected or off-grid mode; When the power balance mode is the fifth power balance mode, the surplus power of the integrated pole-type microgrid system is less than 0, the energy storage device can be static, the charging power of the charger / discharger is greater than the discharging power, the public distribution network releases power externally, and the integrated pole-type microgrid system operates in grid-connected mode.

2. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, wherein The integrated pole-type microgrid system further includes a distribution box, and the integrated pole device is electrically connected to the distribution box through an underground cable and is connected to the low-voltage public distribution network through a distribution switch.

3. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that The integrated pole-type microgrid system further includes an energy management system; The photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging system is connected to the AC common bus of the municipal transportation facilities; The AC common bus is connected to the energy management system through a network interface and a network switch, and is connected to the low-voltage public distribution network through a grid connection switch; The energy management system conducts data communication with the grid dispatching center through a wireless signaler.

4. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation area S of the photovoltaic thin film g and the power generation power P g are as follows: Among them, L g , W g and H g respectively represent the length, width and height of the photovoltaic power generation thin film, and ρ g represents the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation thin film.

5. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated pole-type microgrid system includes a bottom control area, a middle control area, and a top control area. Among them, the bottom control area is used for module control and instruction execution, the middle control area is used for data collection, data processing, and signal transmission, and the top control area is used for energy management and dispatching control.

6. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that The surplus power δP is: δP = P g +P b,dis -P b,ch +P n,buy -P n,sell +P V2G,dis -P V2G,ch -P L Among them, the charging power of the energy storage device is P b,ch , and the discharging power is P b,dis ; the charging power of the charger is P V2G,ch , and the discharging power is P V2G,dis ; the load power of the municipal transportation facilities is P L , the power purchased from the grid by the public power distribution network is P n，buy , and the power sold and delivered downward is P n，sell , and P g represents the power generation power of the photovoltaic thin film.

7. The integrated pole-type microgrid system according to claim 6, characterized in that The integrated pole-type microgrid system supports multiple energy management strategies, and the energy management strategies are determined according to the power balance mode and the distribution network load characteristics in different time periods.

8. An integrated pole device integrating optical storage charging and discharging with municipal transportation facilities, characterized in that, For use in conjunction with the integrated pole-type microgrid system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the integrated pole device includes a photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging facility, a municipal transportation facility, and a pole body, and the municipal transportation facility is arranged on the pole body; The photovoltaic energy storage charging and discharging facility includes a photovoltaic power generation thin film attached to the outer surface of the pole body, an energy storage facility built in the internal space of the pole body, and a charger and discharger wall-mounted on the pole body.

Images