Electric power wireless ad hoc network system and method based on superframe structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric power wireless ad hoc network system and method based on a superframe structure. The superframe structure comprises a synchronization frame, an access frame, a broadcast frame, a plurality of groups of telemetry data frames and a remote control frame. The networking method comprises the following steps: the power wireless base station sends a signal according to a superframe format, and distributes a communication time slot for the power wireless terminal when receiving an access request of the power wireless terminal; and the power wireless base station periodically checks the occupation condition of each current time slot, and releases the time slots which are not occupied for a long time. The power wireless terminal sets a working mode according to the indication of a synchronization frame of the power wireless base station, sends an access request in an access time slot, and sends telemetry data in a specified time slot when a response frame is detected; and when the power wireless terminal is in the self-adaptive rate mode, if the counter displays that the communication rate needs to be switched, resetting parameters and monitoring the synchronous frame. The method can support simultaneous ad hoc network communication of a plurality of discrete frequency points, and is small in communication time delay and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a superframe structure-based power wireless ad hoc network system and method. Background Art

[0002] Smart grid refers to the use of advanced communication, computing and control technologies to combine traditional power systems with information technology to form an intelligent and efficient power network. The traditional power system faces the contradiction between the growing energy demand and the limited energy resources. With the increasing population, industrial development and energy demand in emerging fields, the supply capacity of the traditional power system is facing tremendous pressure. Therefore, a more intelligent and efficient power system is needed to meet the growing energy demand. At the same time, due to the lack of real-time monitoring and control means, the traditional power system often wastes energy and causes unnecessary consumption of resources. In addition, the traditional power system cannot flexibly respond to energy fluctuations and changes. The single power supply and single point failure are prone to power outages and safety risks, so stability also faces huge challenges. In order to improve the reliability and safety of the power system, more intelligent technologies and mechanisms need to be introduced.

[0003] With the rapid development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, mobile communications, and cloud computing, the interconnection between various devices and applications has become increasingly important. However, the traditional centrally controlled network architecture has bottlenecks when facing large-scale device connections and data transmission. The centralized control nodes cannot meet the requirements of the rapidly growing network traffic and complex network topology, resulting in decreased network performance and waste of resources. In order to improve and upgrade traditional networks, ad hoc networking technology has emerged. Ad hoc networking is a distributed network architecture in which network nodes have autonomous decision-making and self-organizing capabilities, and can automatically discover, configure, and manage network connections. Ad hoc networking technology draws on the self-organizing principle in biological systems to achieve network adaptation and optimization through collaboration and information exchange between nodes.

[0004] Ad hoc networking technology has a wide range of applications, including intelligent transportation systems, smart homes, industrial automation, military communications, etc. Ad hoc networking technology can achieve dynamic optimization of the network, efficient use of resources, improved system reliability and security, and flexible response to changing needs. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and edge computing, ad hoc networking technology will play an increasingly important role in the future. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a superframe structure-based power wireless ad hoc network system and method that can support multiple discrete frequency points for simultaneous ad hoc network communication, has low communication delay, and has a wide range of applications.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a power wireless ad hoc network system based on a superframe structure, wherein the superframe structure is the minimum transmission unit of the power wireless ad hoc network, and a superframe structure includes a synchronization frame, an access frame, a broadcast frame, multiple groups of telemetry data frames and remote control frames;

[0007] The power wireless ad hoc network system includes a power wireless base station and multiple power wireless terminals; the power wireless base station implements multiple channels in hardware by deploying multiple narrowband lora chips, each channel uses a different frequency or spreading factor, and the power wireless terminal can be configured as an effective frequency among multiple power wireless base station frequencies and a corresponding spreading factor during initialization, and the power wireless terminal is divided into multiple groups according to the communication frequency by means of frequency division multiple access (FDMA); the communication frequency of the power wireless terminal can be dynamically configured by software, and if a power wireless terminal initiates access multiple times without response, it can switch the communication frequency for access; the superframe structure of the power wireless ad hoc network is deployed on multiple frequency points, and time division multiple access (TDMA) is used for access at different frequency points.

[0008] Furthermore, in the superframe structure:

[0009] The synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station;

[0010] The access frame is used for access of the power wireless terminal;

[0011] The broadcast frame is used for transmitting broadcast information of the power wireless base station;

[0012] The telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the power wireless terminal;

[0013] The remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information.

[0014] Furthermore, the synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station. The power wireless base station transmits a specific synchronization signal through the synchronization frame. The power wireless terminal searches for the power wireless base station through the synchronization frame, synchronizes the time slot with the power wireless base station, and determines the working status by identifying the content of the synchronization frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the access frame is used for access of the power wireless terminal. During access, the power wireless base station is in a listening state, and the power wireless terminal is in a sending state. The power wireless terminals compete for random access in a time slot ALOHA manner, and confirm their own access status through broadcast frames. Whether the communication time slot is allocated is used as the criterion for access. If the access is not successful, the random access in the time slot ALOHA manner will continue in the next superframe; if the access is not successful within multiple superframes, the power wireless terminal switches the communication frequency and the corresponding spreading factor, and attempts to access until it accesses the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the broadcast frame is used for transmission of broadcast information of the power wireless base station, including access response instructions, time slot scheduling instructions and telemetry response instructions;

[0017] The access response instruction is used to allocate a communication time slot to the power wireless terminal that has successfully competed. After the power wireless terminal is allocated a time slot, it uses the corresponding time slot in each superframe to send telemetry data before receiving a new scheduling instruction;

[0018] The time slot scheduling instruction is used to adjust the communication time slot of the power wireless terminal. After receiving the scheduling instruction, the power wireless terminal sends telemetry data in the new time slot;

[0019] The telemetry response instruction is used by the power wireless base station to respond to whether the power wireless terminal has received telemetry data in each time slot in the previous superframe. The power wireless terminal adaptively adjusts the spreading factor and its corresponding frequency according to the response situation to achieve adaptive rate adjustment.

[0020] Furthermore, the telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the electric power wireless terminal, and the telemetry data frame is distributed in a discrete form and appears alternately with the remote control frame to balance the telemetry delay and the remote control delay.

[0021] Furthermore, the remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information, and is used to send the time slot scheduling instruction when the time slot scheduling instruction is more than the set value.

[0022] A superframe-based power wireless self-organizing networking method is based on the superframe-based power wireless self-organizing networking system. The self-organizing networking method includes a power wireless base station networking method and a power wireless terminal networking method.

[0023] Furthermore, the method for networking the power wireless base station comprises the following steps:

[0024] Step 1.1: After the power wireless base station is powered on, set each Lora channel according to the configuration parameters and send signals in the superframe format;

[0025] Step 1.2, when the power wireless base station receives the access request from the power wireless terminal, it checks whether the time slot resources of this channel are sufficient. When the time slot resources of this channel are sufficient, it allocates communication time slots for this channel; when the time slot resources of this channel are insufficient, it rejects the access request of the power wireless terminal;

[0026] Step 1.3: The power wireless base station periodically checks the occupancy of each time slot. When the allocated time slot is not occupied for a long time, the scheduling of the time slot is released and the corresponding broadcast instruction is sent to prevent the power wireless terminal from changing the telemetry transmission channel while the power wireless base station does not receive the relevant notification.

[0027] Furthermore, the networking method of the power wireless terminal comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 2.1, after being powered on, the power wireless terminal operates according to the pre-set parameters, including the communication frequency and the spreading factor;

[0029] Step 2.2: When the power wireless terminal detects the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, it obtains time slot synchronization and sets the working mode according to the instruction of the synchronization frame of the power wireless base station;

[0030] Step 2.3: If the power wireless terminal fails to detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station for multiple times, the working parameters are switched to re-detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, and an access attempt is made until the access system is connected;

[0031] Step 2.4, the power wireless terminal sends an access request in ALOHA mode in the access time slot, and then listens in the broadcast frame. When the corresponding response frame is detected, it obtains the uplink telemetry data transmission time slot and sends the telemetry data in the specified time slot;

[0032] Step 2.5, the power wireless terminal listens to the remote control frame and broadcast frame from the power wireless base station. When the power wireless terminal is in the adaptive rate mode, if the counter shows that the communication rate needs to be switched, the parameters are reset according to the counter indication and the synchronization frame is listened.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are: (1) it can support multiple discrete frequency points for simultaneous self-organizing network communication; (2) the communication delay is small and the networking efficiency is high; (3) it supports massive power wireless terminals to access the power wireless self-organizing network, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power wireless ad hoc network system based on a superframe structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2It is a flow chart of a method for wireless power self-organizing network based on a superframe structure according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] The present invention relates to a power wireless ad hoc network system based on a superframe structure, wherein the superframe structure is the minimum transmission unit of the power wireless ad hoc network. Figure 1 ,A superframe structure includes a synchronization frame, an access frame, a broadcast frame, multiple groups of telemetry data frames and remote control frames; each frame is composed of multiple time slots, and a protection interval is reserved when switching between uplink frames and downlink frames;

[0038] The power wireless ad hoc network includes a power wireless base station and multiple power wireless terminals; the power wireless base station implements multiple channels in hardware by deploying multiple narrowband lora chips, each channel uses a different frequency or spreading factor, and the power wireless terminal can be configured as a valid frequency among multiple power wireless base station frequencies and a corresponding spreading factor during initialization, and the power wireless terminal is divided into multiple groups according to the communication frequency by means of frequency division multiple access FDMA; the communication frequency of the power wireless terminal can be dynamically configured by software, and if a power wireless terminal initiates access multiple times without response, the communication frequency can be switched for access; the superframe structure of the power wireless ad hoc network is deployed on multiple frequency points, and time division multiple access TDMA is used for access at different frequency points.

[0039] Furthermore, in the superframe structure:

[0040] The synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station;

[0041] The access frame is used for access of the power wireless terminal;

[0042] The broadcast frame is used for transmitting broadcast information of the power wireless base station;

[0043] The telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the power wireless terminal;

[0044] The remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information.

[0045] Furthermore, the synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station. The power wireless base station transmits a specific synchronization signal through the synchronization frame. The power wireless terminal searches for the power wireless base station through the synchronization frame, synchronizes the time slot with the power wireless base station, and determines the working status by identifying the content of the synchronization frame, such as adaptive rate, fixed rate, etc.

[0046] Furthermore, the access frame is used for access of the power wireless terminal. During access, the power wireless base station is in a listening state, and the power wireless terminal is in a sending state. The power wireless terminals compete for random access in a time slot ALOHA manner, and confirm their own access status through broadcast frames. Whether the communication time slot is allocated is used as the criterion for access. If the access is not successful, the random access in the time slot ALOHA manner will continue in the next superframe; if the access is not successful within multiple superframes, the power wireless terminal switches the communication frequency and the corresponding spreading factor, and attempts to access until it accesses the system.

[0047] Furthermore, the broadcast frame is used for transmission of broadcast information of the power wireless base station, including access response instructions, time slot scheduling instructions and telemetry response instructions;

[0048] The access response instruction is used to allocate a communication time slot to the power wireless terminal that has successfully competed. Once the power wireless terminal is allocated a time slot, it uses the corresponding time slot in each superframe to send telemetry data before receiving a new scheduling instruction;

[0049] The time slot scheduling instruction is used to adjust the communication time slot of the power wireless terminal. After receiving the scheduling instruction, the power wireless terminal sends telemetry data in the new time slot;

[0050] The telemetry response instruction is used by the power wireless base station to respond to whether the power wireless terminal has received telemetry data in each time slot in the previous superframe. The power wireless terminal adaptively adjusts the spreading factor and its corresponding frequency according to the response situation to achieve adaptive rate adjustment.

[0051] Furthermore, the telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the power wireless terminal. Due to the large number of power wireless terminals, the telemetry data frame is distributed in a discrete form and appears alternately with the remote control frame to balance the telemetry delay and the remote control delay. Each telemetry data frame contains multiple time slots. The minimum scheduling unit of the telemetry data communication of the power wireless terminal is the time slot. The power wireless base station can also allocate multiple time slots to the power wireless terminal in a superframe.

[0052] Furthermore, the remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information, and can also be used to send time slot scheduling instructions when there are many time slot scheduling instructions.

[0053] The present invention also relates to a power wireless self-organizing networking method based on a superframe structure. Based on the power wireless self-organizing networking system based on a superframe structure, the self-organizing networking method includes a power wireless base station networking method and a power wireless terminal networking method.

[0054] Furthermore, the method for networking the power wireless base station comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1.1: After the power wireless base station is powered on, set each Lora channel according to the configuration parameters and send signals in the superframe format;

[0056] Step 1.2, when the power wireless base station receives the access request from the power wireless terminal, it checks whether the time slot resources of the current channel are sufficient. When the time slot resources of the current channel are sufficient, it allocates a communication time slot for the terminal; when the time slot resources of the current channel are insufficient, it rejects the access request from the power wireless terminal;

[0057] Step 1.3: The power wireless base station periodically checks the current occupancy of each time slot. When an allocated time slot is not occupied for a long time, the scheduling of the time slot is released and a corresponding broadcast instruction is sent to prevent the power wireless terminal from changing the telemetry transmission channel while the power wireless base station does not receive the relevant notification.

[0058] Furthermore, combined with Figure 2 The networking method of the power wireless terminal comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 2.1, after being powered on, the power wireless terminal operates according to the pre-set parameters, including the communication frequency and the spreading factor;

[0060] Step 2.2: When the power wireless terminal detects the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, it obtains time slot synchronization and sets the working mode according to the instruction of the synchronization frame of the power wireless base station;

[0061] Step 2.3: If the power wireless terminal fails to detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station for multiple times, the working parameters are switched to re-detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, and an access attempt is made until the access system is connected;

[0062] Step 2.4, the power wireless terminal sends an access request in ALOHA mode in the access time slot, and then listens in the broadcast frame. When the corresponding response frame is detected, it obtains the uplink telemetry data transmission time slot and sends the telemetry data in the specified time slot;

[0063] Step 2.5, the power wireless terminal listens to the remote control frame and broadcast frame from the power wireless base station. When the power wireless terminal is in the adaptive rate mode, if the counter shows that the communication rate needs to be switched, the parameters are reset according to the counter indication and the synchronization frame is listened.

[0064] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power wireless ad hoc network system based on a superframe structure, characterized in that: The superframe structure is the minimum transmission unit of the power wireless ad hoc network. A superframe structure includes a synchronization frame, an access frame, a broadcast frame, multiple groups of telemetry data frames and remote control frames; The power wireless ad hoc network system includes a power wireless base station and a plurality of power wireless terminals; The power wireless base station implements multiple channels in hardware by deploying multiple narrowband lora chips, each channel uses a different frequency or spreading factor, and the power wireless terminal can be configured as an effective frequency among multiple power wireless base station frequencies and a corresponding spreading factor during initialization, and the power wireless terminal is divided into multiple groups according to the communication frequency by means of frequency division multiple access (FDMA); the communication frequency of the power wireless terminal can be dynamically configured by software, and if a power wireless terminal initiates access multiple times without response, it can switch the communication frequency for access; the superframe structure of the power wireless ad hoc network is deployed on multiple frequency points, and time division multiple access (TDMA) is used for access at different frequency points.

2. The power wireless ad hoc network system based on superframe structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the superframe structure: The synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station; The access frame is used for access of the power wireless terminal; The broadcast frame is used for transmitting broadcast information of the power wireless base station; The telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the power wireless terminal; The remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information.

3. The power wireless ad hoc network system based on superframe structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The synchronization frame is used for time slot synchronization between the power wireless terminal and the power wireless base station. The power wireless base station transmits a specific synchronization signal through the synchronization frame. The power wireless terminal searches for the power wireless base station through the synchronization frame, synchronizes the time slot with the power wireless base station, and determines the working status by identifying the content of the synchronization frame.

4. The power wireless ad hoc network system based on superframe structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The access frame is used for the access of the power wireless terminal. During access, the power wireless base station is in the listening state, and the power wireless terminal is in the sending state. The power wireless terminals compete for random access in the time slot ALOHA mode, and confirm their own access status through broadcast frames. Whether the communication time slot is allocated is used as the criterion for access. If the access is not successful, the random access in the time slot ALOHA mode will continue in the next superframe; if the access is not successful within multiple superframes, the power wireless terminal switches the communication frequency and the corresponding spreading factor, and attempts to access until it accesses the system.

5. The power wireless ad hoc network system based on superframe structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The broadcast frame is used for transmission of broadcast information of the power wireless base station, including access response instructions, time slot scheduling instructions and telemetry response instructions; The access response instruction is used to allocate a communication time slot to the power wireless terminal that has successfully competed. After the power wireless terminal is allocated a time slot, it uses the corresponding time slot in each superframe to send telemetry data before receiving a new scheduling instruction; The time slot scheduling instruction is used to adjust the communication time slot of the power wireless terminal. After receiving the scheduling instruction, the power wireless terminal sends telemetry data in the new time slot; The telemetry response instruction is used by the power wireless base station to respond to whether the power wireless terminal has received telemetry data in each time slot in the previous superframe. The power wireless terminal adaptively adjusts the spreading factor and its corresponding frequency according to the response situation to achieve adaptive rate adjustment.

6. The power wireless ad hoc network system based on superframe structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telemetry data frame is used for the telemetry data link of the electric power wireless terminal. The telemetry data frame is distributed in a discrete form and appears alternately with the remote control frame to balance the telemetry delay and the remote control delay.

7. The superframe structure of the power wireless ad hoc network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote control frame is used by the power wireless base station to send remote control information, and is used to send the time slot scheduling instruction when the time slot scheduling instruction is more than the set value.

8. A method for power wireless ad hoc networking based on a superframe structure, characterized in that: Based on the superframe structure-based power wireless ad hoc networking system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the ad hoc networking method includes a power wireless base station networking method and a power wireless terminal networking method.

9. The method for power wireless ad hoc networking based on superframe structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for networking the power wireless base station comprises the following steps: Step 1.1: After the power wireless base station is powered on, set each Lora channel according to the configuration parameters and send signals in the superframe format; Step 1.2, when the power wireless base station receives the access request from the power wireless terminal, it checks whether the time slot resources of this channel are sufficient. When the time slot resources of this channel are sufficient, it allocates communication time slots for this channel; when the time slot resources of this channel are insufficient, it rejects the access request of the power wireless terminal; Step 1.3: The power wireless base station periodically checks the occupancy of each time slot. When the allocated time slot is not occupied for a long time, the scheduling of the time slot is released and the corresponding broadcast instruction is sent to prevent the power wireless terminal from changing the telemetry transmission channel while the power wireless base station does not receive the relevant notification.

10. The method for power wireless ad hoc networking based on superframe structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The networking method of the power wireless terminal comprises the following steps: Step 2.1, after being powered on, the power wireless terminal operates according to the preset parameters, including the communication frequency and the spreading factor; Step 2.2: When the power wireless terminal detects the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, it obtains time slot synchronization and sets the working mode according to the instruction of the synchronization frame of the power wireless base station; Step 2.3: If the power wireless terminal fails to detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station for multiple times, the working parameters are switched to re-detect the synchronization frame signal of the power wireless base station, and an access attempt is made until the access system is connected; Step 2.4, the power wireless terminal sends an access request in ALOHA mode in the access time slot, and then listens in the broadcast frame. When the corresponding response frame is detected, it obtains the uplink telemetry data transmission time slot and sends the telemetry data in the specified time slot; Step 2.5, the power wireless terminal listens to the remote control frame and broadcast frame from the power wireless base station. When the power wireless terminal is in the adaptive rate mode, if the counter shows that the communication rate needs to be switched, the parameters are reset according to the counter indication and the synchronization frame is listened.

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