Inclined grating trapezoid carbon sink artificial fish reef

Abstract

The invention provides an inclined grating trapezoid carbon sink artificial fish reef, and belongs to the field of artificial fish reef construction.The inclined grating trapezoid carbon sink artificial fish reef comprises a trapezoid frame fish reef body, the fish reef body is composed of a top face, two upstream slopes, two side faces and a bottom face, and the two side faces of the fish reef body are each provided with four bearing columns; two rectangular hollowed-out parts are arranged on the top face of the fish reef body, top beams are arranged on the periphery of the top face of the fish reef body, a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the top face of the fish reef body, and the bottom face structure of the fish reef body is of a transparent design. Two upstream slopes of the fish reef body are hollowed out, and three grating plates are obliquely arranged on each upstream slope to form an oblique grating structure. According to the invention, better ocean upper and lower water layer water flow and material exchange and fish reef inner and outer water flow and material exchange can be provided, and meanwhile, land waste shells are recovered by adding a special structure to achieve carbon sequestration on the seabed, other carbon sequestration effects and substrate improvement effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of artificial fish reef construction, and in particular to an inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef. Background Art

[0002] The construction of artificial reefs is a key component of the development of marine ranches and is essential for improving offshore fisheries and marine habitats. Artificial reefs have a positive impact on the restoration of the sea area through flow field effects, bait effects and enemy avoidance effects. Upwelling and back vortexes will form in the area where the reefs are deployed, making it a favorite gathering environment for many fish. In the upwelling area, the bottom seawater is guided to surge to the surface, which drives the exchange between the upper and lower water layers, allowing the oxygen-rich surface seawater to be exchanged to the middle and lower layers, while the bottom seawater rich in a large number of unused nutrients will be brought to the upper layer, which helps to improve the primary productivity of the ocean and meet and improve the growth needs of organisms. For example, the primary productivity of the surface seawater in the middle of the raft mussel farming area is currently significantly lower than that of the periphery of the farming area, resulting in the fullness of mussels in the periphery of the farming area being higher than that in the middle, but the nutrient chlorophyll content in the middle and lower waters of the farming area is high and unused.

[0003] In addition, with the continuous intensification of global climate change, climate warming, ocean acidification and other issues have become increasingly prominent, and countries have become more and more concerned about the ocean as the largest carbon reservoir. As the largest carbon reservoir, the ocean not only slows down the intensification of the greenhouse effect, but also plays a long-term carbon fixation role, which is crucial to maintaining the balance of the global carbon cycle and regulating the climate. In addition, the carbon storage capacity of the ocean is directly related to the protection of biodiversity and the sustainable development of the economy, and is of irreplaceable importance to maintaining the stability of the ecosystem and providing ecological services.

[0004] Therefore, under the above two background trends, artificial reefs that can provide upwelling and carbon fixation have become a hot spot for the future development of artificial reefs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef, which can provide better water flow and material exchange between the upper and lower water layers of the ocean, and water flow and material exchange inside and outside the fish reef. At the same time, by adding a special structure, it can recycle discarded land shells to achieve carbon sequestration on the seabed, as well as play other carbon sink effects and improve the bottom quality.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef, characterized in that: it includes a fish reef body with a ladder-shaped frame, the fish reef body consists of a top surface, two water-facing slopes, two side surfaces and a bottom surface, four load-bearing columns are arranged on both sides of the fish reef body, the top surface of the fish reef body is provided with two rectangular hollows, top beams are arranged around the top surface of the fish reef body, a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fish reef body, and the bottom surface structure of the fish reef body is a hollow design.

[0008] The two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body are hollowed out, and three grid plates are evenly and obliquely placed on the two water-facing slopes to form an oblique grid structure.

[0009] Furthermore, a rectangular water hole is arranged in the middle of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure, circular water holes are arranged on both sides of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure, and three circular water holes are arranged on the middle grid plate and the bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure.

[0010] Furthermore, six pre-embedded anchor hooks are evenly arranged on the long sides of both sides of the top of the fish reef body, and shell net bags are hung on the six pre-embedded anchor hooks. Pre-embedded anchor hooks are arranged at the four outer corners of the bottom of the fish reef body. The six pre-embedded anchor hooks on the top of the fish reef body are longitudinally penetrated by chain ropes to hang six shell net bags, and the chain ropes are transversely fixed to the bottoms of the six shell net bags, and the four outermost shell net bags are fixedly connected to the four pre-embedded anchor hooks at the bottom of the fish reef body by chain ropes.

[0011] Furthermore, the longitudinal length of the bottom of the fish reef body is 4.5m, the lateral length is 3m, the reef height of the fish reef body is 2.5m, the lateral length of the top of the fish reef body is 3m, the longitudinal length is 1.1m, the wall thickness of the fish reef body is 20-30cm, and the wall thickness of the two water-facing slopes for placing three grating plates is 30cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the load-bearing column is 20 cm, the width of the top beam is 20 cm, and the width of the cross beam is 15 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body is 55°.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure is arranged at a distance of 75 cm from the bottom of the water-facing slope, the inclined angle of the inclined grid structure is 15°, and the inclined grid structure is 2.4 m long, 0.75 m wide, and 10 cm thick.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular water hole is 20 cm, and the size of the rectangular water hole is 20 cm×90 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the shell net bag is a thick nylon net bag, the length of the shell net bag is 200 cm, the width is 40 cm, the mesh size of the shell net bag is 3 to 4 cm, and the shell net bag is filled with mussel and oyster shell recyclables.

[0017] Furthermore, the fish reef body, inclined grid structure, cross beams, load-bearing columns and top beams are all made of reinforced porous fiber concrete structure.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] 1. The fish reef structure of the present invention drives the lower layer of water to flow upward, accelerates the exchange of nutrients between the surface and the bottom, brings rich nutrients and other organic particulate matter to the culture raft area for consumption by cultured mussels and phytoplankton, improves phytoplankton photosynthesis, and strengthens the primary productivity of the sea area in the culture area.

[0020] 2. Reusing shells in artificial reefs not only allows the shells to return to the ocean to achieve the effect of carbon sequestration, but also the dissolution of inorganic carbon in the ocean can regulate the carbonate balance of the benthic environment, alleviate the acidification of water bodies caused by the decomposition of a large amount of organic matter in the benthic environment, and increase the marine habitat index. It will also reduce land waste pollution.

[0021] 3. The fish reef design of the present invention helps to increase the number of fishery resources and promote the sustainable development of fisheries. The hanging structure of the mussel shell net bag enriches the fish reef structure of the present design, and also changes the surrounding flow field and the seabed environment, which corresponds to the nature of fishes tending to gather on reefs to avoid ocean currents and predators, and can become a habitat preferred by a variety of fishes. At the same time, it is also conducive to the attachment of algae and other plants and animals that live in a fixed state, thereby improving the productivity of the seabed. The gaps in the shell net bag will attract small organisms such as shrimps, which can attract fish as important bait organisms and enrich the biodiversity of the seabed. The hanging of the shell net bag can be used as a breeding place for many fishes. Fish eggs can be attached to the gaps in the net bag and the gaps in the shells, which is conducive to the hatching of fish eggs and the survival of young fish, and promotes the development of fisheries.

[0022] 4. It promotes recreational fisheries near mussel farming areas. After the artificial reefs are deployed, the number of fish such as black sea bream that like to live in reef environments will increase significantly. The gathering of these fish makes the artificial reef area an ideal fishing spot for anglers. When there are more catches in the reef area, it will drive the development of local recreational fisheries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the inclined grille structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the shell net bag and chain rope connection structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embedded anchor hook of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. The main body of the fish reef, 2. The water hole, 3. The inclined grille structure, 4. The water hole, 5. The crossbeam, 6. The shell net bag, 7. The load-bearing column, 8. The chain rope, 9. The embedded anchor hook, 10. The top beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef includes a fish reef body 1 of a ladder frame, the fish reef body 1 is composed of a top surface, two water-facing slopes, two side surfaces and a bottom surface, four load-bearing columns 7 are arranged on both sides of the fish reef body 1, the top surface of the fish reef body 1 is provided with two rectangular hollows, a top beam 10 is arranged around the top surface of the fish reef body 1, a cross beam 5 is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fish reef body 1, and the bottom surface structure of the fish reef body 1 is a hollow design;

[0031] The two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body 1 are hollow-out, and three grid plates are evenly and obliquely placed on the two water-facing slopes to form an oblique grid structure 3 .

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rectangular water hole 4 is arranged in the middle of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure 3, circular water holes 2 are arranged on both sides of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure 3, and three circular water holes 2 are arranged on the middle grid plate and the bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure 3.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, six pre-embedded anchor hooks 9 are evenly arranged on the long sides of both sides of the top of the interior of the fish reef main body 1, and shell net bags 6 are hung on the six pre-embedded anchor hooks 9. Pre-embedded anchor hooks 9 are arranged at the four outer corners of the bottom of the interior of the fish reef main body 1. The six pre-embedded anchor hooks 9 at the top of the interior of the fish reef main body 1 are longitudinally penetrated by chain ropes 8 and suspended inside the six shell net bags 6. The chain ropes 8 are transversely fixed to the bottoms of the six shell net bags 6, and the four outermost shell net bags 6 are fixedly connected to the four pre-embedded anchor hooks 9 at the bottom of the interior of the fish reef main body 1 by chain ropes 8.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the shell net bag 6 suspended from the fish reef main body 1 is connected by a chain rope 8 from top to tail, and the transverse chain ropes 8 are inserted inside in sequence and connected to the shell net bag 6.

[0035] The function of the pre-buried anchor hooks 9 at the four outer corners inside the fish reef body 1 is to connect the shell net bag 6 and the fixed chain rope 8.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal length of the bottom of the fish reef body 1 is 4.5m, the lateral length is 3m, the reef height of the fish reef body 1 is 2.5m, the lateral length of the top of the fish reef body 1 is 3m, the longitudinal length is 1.1m, the wall thickness of the fish reef body 1 is 20-30cm, and the wall thickness of the two water-facing slopes for placing three grating plates is 30cm.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the load-bearing column 7 is 20 cm, the width of the top beam 10 is 20 cm, and the width of the cross beam 5 is 15 cm.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle of the two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body 1 is 55°.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure 3 is set at 75 cm from the bottom of the water-facing slope, the inclined angle of the inclined grid structure 3 is 15°, and the inclined grid structure 3 is 2.4 m long, 0.75 m wide and 10 cm thick.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the circular water hole 2 is 20 cm, the size of the rectangular water hole 4 is 20 cm×90 cm, and the opening ratio (the ratio of the opening diameter to the height of the fish reef body 1) is set to about 1:12.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell net bag 6 is a thick nylon net bag, the length of the shell net bag 6 is 200 cm, the width is 40 cm, the mesh size of the shell net bag 6 is 3 to 4 cm, and the shell net bag 6 is filled with mussel and oyster shell recyclables.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fish reef body 1, the inclined grid structure 3, the cross beam 5, the load-bearing column 7 and the top beam 10 are all made of reinforced porous fiber concrete structure.

[0043] The porous fiber concrete is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of cement; 100-350 parts of nutrient soil; 100-500 parts of foaming agent; 10-100 parts of curing agent; and 10-100 parts of natural crude fiber. During the preparation process, the above raw materials are mixed and added into seawater for stirring.

[0044] The construction process of the present invention:

[0045] The ladder frame without the inclined grid structure 3 is cast in one step, which includes a top beam 10, a cross beam 5 and a load-bearing column 7. The grid plate is a prefabricated reinforced concrete plate with a size of 200 cm in length, 70 cm in width and 10 cm in thickness, and rivets are prefabricated on both sides of the grid plate to connect with the main frame.

[0046] Before the main structure of the artificial fish reef is poured with concrete, embedded parts should be evenly distributed at the bottom of the beams on both sides of the top: anchor hooks 9, the structure of the anchor hooks 9 is as follows: Figure 5 The distance between the two anchor hooks is set to about 90cm. In addition, embedded parts should be placed at the four outer corners of the main frame before pouring: anchor hook 9.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, a hanging chain rope 8 is provided from top to bottom in the construction of the shell net bag 6, and the shell net bag 6 is connected to the chain rope 8. The top chain rope 8 is used to connect the anchor hook 9, and the bottom is used to connect the shell net bags 6 to each other; in addition, the bottom chain rope 8 of the outermost shell net bag 6 is connected to the anchor hooks 9 at the inner and outer corners of the structure body.

[0048] Because the hanging shell net bag strengthens the center of gravity stability of the reef structure and the flowability of the inclined grid structure is better, the water-facing slope angle of the fish reef can be increased. The 55-degree slope angle maximizes the upwelling volume, the longest wake, and the overall stability. Compared with other water-facing slope angles, a larger upwelling volume can be obtained, which greatly enhances the nutrient exchange of the surface and bottom waters.

[0049] When placing the fish reef, the inclined grid design and the trapezoidal top-less design will minimize the obstruction of the upward and downward flow of water caused by the sinking of the fish reef, avoid the reef from turning over, and increase the placement accuracy.

[0050] The inclined grille design ensures that no matter which side of the reef the water flows through, it will be diverted by the hanging shell nets and directed upward from the inclined grille to form an upwelling. At the same time, artificial reefs can easily cause a small amount of water exchange in the fish gathering area, and a large amount of organic debris and other materials are deposited inside and cannot be circulated outward. The holes and inclined grilles designed in this reef allow part of the water to flow directly into the interior, driving the internal and external water flows to exchange through the holes and inclined grilles.

[0051] Currently, artificial reefs cannot effectively reuse marine wastes. However, the invention adds a suspended net bag of discarded shells in the middle to recycle the discarded shells, and at the same time increases the center of gravity and counterweight, so that the overall stability is further enhanced.

[0052] At present, most artificial reefs are only aimed at the effect of gathering fish and providing upwelling. However, the discarded shells suspended in the present invention can transform the marine chemical environment through inorganic carbon dissolution. In addition, the reef structure is enriched by hanging shell net bags, and the fish gathering effect is greatly enhanced. The larger gaps and rough surfaces are also more conducive to the attachment of organisms and the survival of small bait organisms. The design of the inclined grid allows sufficient gaps between the grid plates, ensuring the passability and preference of certain fish, making it easier for fish to gather on the reef.

[0053] The inclined grille design will not only not block the top organic particles from falling into the fish gathering area, but also will not affect the upward flow of the bottom organic particles and nutrients from the inside of the fish reef, which is beneficial to the survival of epiphytes and small organisms.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can still adjust the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features by equivalents. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial reef, characterized by: A fish reef body (1) comprising a ladder-shaped frame, the fish reef body (1) comprising a top surface, two water-facing inclined surfaces, two side surfaces and a bottom surface, four load-bearing columns (7) are arranged on both side surfaces of the fish reef body (1), two rectangular hollows are arranged on the top surface of the fish reef body (1), top beams (10) are arranged around the top surface of the fish reef body (1), a cross beam (5) is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fish reef body (1), and the bottom surface structure of the fish reef body (1) is a hollow design; The two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body (1) are of hollow design, and three grid plates are evenly and obliquely placed on the two water-facing slopes to form an oblique grid structure (3).

2. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rectangular water hole (4) is provided in the middle of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure (3), circular water holes (2) are provided on both sides of the top grid plate of the inclined grid structure (3), and three circular water holes (2) are provided on the middle grid plate and the bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure (3).

3. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 2, characterized in that: Six pre-buried anchor hooks (9) are evenly arranged on the long sides of both sides of the top of the fish reef body (1), and shell net bags (6) are hung on the six pre-buried anchor hooks (9). Pre-buried anchor hooks (9) are arranged at the four outer corners of the bottom of the fish reef body (1). The six pre-buried anchor hooks (9) at the top of the fish reef body (1) are vertically penetrated by chain ropes (8) to hang the six shell net bags (6), and the chain ropes (8) are transversely fixedly connected to the bottoms of the six shell net bags (6). The four shell net bags (6) at the outermost sides are fixedly connected to the four pre-buried anchor hooks (9) at the bottom of the fish reef body (1) by chain ropes (8).

4. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal length of the bottom of the fish reef body (1) is 4.5m, the transverse length is 3m, the reef height of the fish reef body (1) is 2.5m, the transverse length of the top of the fish reef body (1) is 3m, the longitudinal length is 1.1m, the wall thickness of the fish reef body (1) is 20-30cm, and the wall thickness of the two water-facing slopes for placing three grid plates is 30cm.

5. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the load-bearing column (7) is 20 cm, the width of the top beam (10) is 20 cm, and the width of the cross beam (5) is 15 cm.

6. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the two water-facing slopes of the fish reef body (1) is 55°.

7. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom grid plate of the inclined grid structure (3) is arranged at a distance of 75 cm from the bottom of the water-facing slope, the inclined angle of the inclined grid structure (3) is 15°, and the inclined grid structure (3) is 2.4 m long, 0.75 m wide and 10 cm thick.

8. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the circular water hole (2) is 20 cm, and the size of the rectangular water hole (4) is 20 cm×90 cm.

9. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial fish reef according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell net bag (6) is a thick nylon net bag, the length of the shell net bag (6) is 200 cm, the width is 40 cm, the mesh size of the shell net bag (6) is 3 to 4 cm, and the shell net bag (6) is filled with mussel and oyster shell recycling materials.

10. The inclined grid ladder-shaped carbon sink artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish reef body (1), the inclined grid structure (3), the cross beam (5), the load-bearing column (7) and the top beam (10) are all made of reinforced porous fiber concrete structure.

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