Application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving growth performance of broiler chickens and feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to an application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving the growth performance of broiler chickens and a feed. By adding the EGCG, the release of glucose is relieved, enough energy is provided for the intestinal tract, the intestinal tract health is finally improved, and the growth performance and the production performance of the broiler chickens are improved, so that the application of the EGCG in improving the growth performance of the broiler chickens is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and particularly relates to application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving the growth performance of broilers and feed. Background Art

[0002] Global chicken production has grown significantly in recent years, and this increased demand for poultry meat has had significant economic impacts. Corn plays a central role in poultry production as the primary energy source in poultry feed. As demand increases, the development of viable corn alternatives is critical to achieving sustainable poultry production.

[0003] Recent studies have shown that tapioca starch, pea starch, barley, wheat, high-amylose starch, and glutinous rice can be used as corn substitutes in poultry diets. However, due to differences in the physicochemical properties of different starches, the utilization of these substitutes in broiler diets is not consistent. Cassava starch and glutinous rice starch are mainly composed of amylopectin, which are rapidly digestible starches (RDS), which cause a rapid increase in blood glucose during digestion. However, this rapid digestion limits the continuous supply of glucose to other tissues and may cause intestinal damage. In contrast, increasing the proportion of slowly digestible starch (SDS) (such as amylose or pea starch) may slow the release rate of glucose. Compared with RDS, SDS can provide the body with a more sustained energy supply and contribute to intestinal health. However, the fiber structure in SDS is often associated with reduced growth performance, especially in young animals.

[0004] The gastrointestinal epithelium is an important selective barrier of the body and plays a key role in host protection. Maintaining and repairing this barrier requires a lot of energy and relies on substrate supply to meet the generation needs of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The intestine not only performs a barrier function by regulating glucose absorption, but also plays an important regulatory role in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. Studies have shown that a diet based on RDS cannot provide enough glucose to the intestine to meet its energy needs, resulting in downregulation of tight junction protein expression and inducing inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a way to continuously supply glucose to the intestine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the use of epigallocatechin gallate in improving the growth performance of broilers and feed.

[0006] Application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving growth performance of broiler chickens.

[0007] Preferably, epigallocatechin gallate is added to broiler feed containing corn, and the growth performance of broiler chickens is improved after feeding the broiler chickens.

[0008] Preferably, the added amount of epigallocatechin gallate is 400 mg / kg to 600 mg / kg.

[0009] Preferably, starch is also added to the broiler feed containing corn.

[0010] Preferably, the starch is corn starch, pea starch or tapioca starch.

[0011] Preferably, the amount of starch added is to replace 15% to 25% of the mass of corn in the broiler feed.

[0012] Preferably, the corn-containing broiler feed is composed of the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35%~60% corn, 20%~30% soybean meal, 5%~7% corn gluten meal, 0.3%~0.4% DL-methionine, 1%~2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6%~0.8% stone powder, 0.5%~0.7% L-lysine sulfate, 0.1%~0.2% tryptophan, 0.1%~0.2% threonine, 0.2%~0.4% salt, 3%~5% soybean oil, 0.1% choline chloride, 1% premix, totaling 100%.

[0013] Preferably, each kilogram of the premix contains 65mg~75mg of Fe, 15mg~25mg of Cu, 65mg~75mg of Zn, 5mg~15mg of Mn, 0.1mg~3mg~0.3mg of Se, 0.1mg~0.3mg of I, 9000IU~11000IU of VA, 800IU~1000IU of VD, 45mg~55mg of VE, 1mg~3mg of VK, 15mg~25mg of D-pantothenic acid, and 0.1mg~0.3mg of VB. 12 0.01mg~0.03mg, niacin 45mg~55mg, lysine 1g~3g, methionine 1g~2g.

[0014] Preferably, improving the growth performance of broilers refers to increasing at least one of daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio.

[0015] A feed, comprising corn-containing broiler feed and epigallocatechin gallate, wherein the mass of the epigallocatechin gallate is 0.0004% to 0.0006% of the mass of the corn-containing broiler feed; The corn-containing broiler feed is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction: 35% to 60% corn, 20% to 30% soybean meal, 5% to 7% corn gluten meal, 0.3% to 0.4% DL-methionine, 1% to 2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% to 0.8% stone powder, 0.5% to 0.7% L-lysine sulfate, 0.1% to 0.2% tryptophan, 0.1% to 0.2% threonine, 0.2% to 0.4% salt, 3% to 5% soybean oil, 0.1% choline chloride, and 1% premix, totaling 100%; Each kilogram of the premix contains Fe 65mg~75mg, Cu 15mg~25mg, Zn 65mg~75mg, Mn 5mg~15mg, Se 0.1mg~3mg~0.3mg, I 0.1mg~0.3mg, VA 9000IU~11000IU, VD 800IU~1000IU, VE45mg~55mg, VK 1mg~3mg, D-pantothenic acid 15mg~25mg, VB 12 0.01mg~0.03mg, niacin 45mg~55mg, lysine 1g~3g, methionine 1g~2g.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Using corn starch or cassava starch to replace corn will cause insufficient energy supply and intestinal damage in broiler chickens. On this basis, the present invention can alleviate this problem by adding EGCG. By adding EGCG, the release of glucose is alleviated, sufficient energy is provided to the intestine, and ultimately the intestinal health is improved, and the growth performance and production performance of broiler chickens are improved. Therefore, the application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving the growth performance of broiler chickens is proposed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The effect of the mixture of starch from different sources and EGCG on the glucose release rate in vitro. The significant differences at different hydrolysis times (P<0.05) are represented by letters a and b, and the significant differences between the starch-EGCG mixture and the native starch (P<0.05) are represented by letters A and B. Figure A represents corn starch, Figure B represents pea starch, and Figure C represents cassava starch.

[0018] Figure 2 This is the effect of adding EGCG to starch from different sources on the blood sugar changes in broiler chickens, where Figure A is the NC group, Figure B is the PC group, Figure C is the CS group, Figure D is the TS group, and Figure E is the PS group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0020] The present invention explores the effects of replacing corn with different starch sources and adding epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on starch digestion and intestinal energy metabolism in broiler chickens.

[0021] The in vitro and in vivo starch digestibility, growth performance, intestinal morphology and energy status were determined. The results showed that EGCG supplementation significantly reduced in vitro glucose release and starch digestibility (P<0.05). From 14 to 42 days of age, the average daily gain (ADG) and feed-to-weight ratio (FCR) of the CS group were significantly better than those of the other treatment groups (P<0.05). Compared with the PC group, the intestinal starch digestibility of different starch source groups was higher (P<0.05), among which the activities of sucrase and maltase in the PS and CS groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The villus height / crypt depth ratio of the NC group was significantly higher than that of the CS and TS groups (P<0.05). The ATP and cAMP contents in the intestine of the CS group were higher, while the AMP content and AMP / ATP ratio were lower (P<0.05); at the same time, the Na + -K + -ATPase, citrate synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities were significantly increased (P<0.05). In addition, different dietary treatments significantly affected the gene expression of SGLT1, GLUT2 and jejunal HK2 (P<0.05). In summary, EGCG inhibited glucose release and starch digestion in vitro. Diets that replaced corn with corn starch or cassava starch and added EGCG improved the growth performance, starch digestibility and intestinal energy status of broilers.

[0022] 1. Test materials Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, purity ≥98%, SNT210617) was purchased from Xi’an Tongze Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Xi’an, China) from green tea extract. Corn starch, pea starch, and cassava starch were purchased from Yingrui Starch China Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Glucoamylase and α-amylase were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Glucose detection kit (No. A154-1-1) was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).

[0023] 2. Experimental animals, feed and management This invention was approved by the Experimental Animal Welfare and Ethics Center of Shenyang Agricultural University (Ethics No.: 23031204).

[0024] 450 one-day-old AA+ broiler male chicks were purchased from Shenyang Huamei Poultry Co., Ltd. The chicks were fed a commercial diet for 13 days before the experiment. On the 14th day, the chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups according to their body weight, with 9 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate.

[0025] The control group (NC) was fed a basal diet without EGCG.

[0026] The positive control group (PC) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg / kg EGCG.

[0027] The corn starch group (CS) replaced 20% of the corn in the basal diet with corn starch and added 500 mg / kg EGCG.

[0028] The pea starch group (PS) replaced 20% of the corn in the basal diet with pea starch and added 500 mg / kg EGCG.

[0029] The cassava starch group (TS) replaced 20% of the corn in the basal diet with cassava starch and added 500 mg / kg EGCG.

[0030] The feed formula and nutritional components were formulated in accordance with the Chinese broiler feeding standard (NY / T 33-2004). The specific formula and nutritional components are shown in Table 1.

[0031] The diet was provided in powder form, and the chickens were allowed to eat and drink freely. The experiment was conducted in an environmentally controlled breeding room, where the room temperature was gradually reduced from 33°C at 1 day old to 26°C at 3 weeks old, and the lighting time was 23 h light and 1 h dark per day.

[0032] Table 1 Feed ingredients and nutritional components of the diet Note: Each kg of premix contains: Fe 70mg, Cu 20mg, Zn 70mg, Mn 10mg, Se 0.25mg, I0.2mg, VA 10 000IU, VD 900IU, VE 50mg, VK 2mg, D-pantothenic acid 20mg, VB 12 0.02mg, niacin 50mg, lysine 2g, methionine 1.5g.

[0033] 3. In vitro starch digestion test The in vitro digestion solution was prepared as follows: 100 mg corn starch, pea starch, and cassava starch samples were added with 10 mg EGCG in 50 mL of acetate buffer (pH 6.0) to prepare starch-EGCG solution. As a control, a starch solution without EGCG was prepared in the same way. The mixture was gelatinized in a 95°C water bath and then cooled to 37°C.

[0034] In vitro starch digestion: After the gelatinization solution is cooled, 5 mL is taken and mixed with 5 mL of enzyme mixture (the ratio of α-amylase and glucoamylase is 120:80 U / mL), and then incubated in a shaker at 37°C. Alcohol is added to terminate the reaction at 20, 40, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min, respectively, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min. The glucose content in the supernatant is determined according to the instructions of the kit, and the glucose release rate (%) and starch digestibility (%) are calculated:

[0035] Glucose release rate = total mass of glucose in supernatant / weight of dry starch × 100%; Starch digestibility = (glucose concentration × 0.9) / (starch concentration) × 100%.

[0036] 4. Growth performance records After 12 h of fasting, the feed intake and body weight of the chickens were recorded in replicates on days 35 and 42, and the daily weight gain (ADG), daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed-to-weight ratio (FCR) were calculated. No mortality was recorded during the experiment.

[0037] 5. Blood glucose measurement On day 28, after the chickens were fasted for 12 h (with free access to water), six chickens with similar body weight were randomly selected from each group and the wing vein blood glucose level was measured using a portable blood glucose meter (ACCU-CHEK Performa, Roche, Germany). Blood glucose concentrations were recorded at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after feeding.

[0038] 6. Sample collection On day 42, one chicken of average weight was selected from each replicate and killed by cervical dislocation. The mid-duodenum was collected, rinsed with ice-cold 10% phosphate-buffered saline, and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formaldehyde for histological analysis. The whole jejunum and ileum were collected, and the intestinal contents were rinsed and stored at -80°C for subsequent analysis. The jejunal and ileal mucosa were stripped and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for energy metabolism and gene expression analysis.

[0039] 7. Starch digestion analysis Jejunal and ileal digesta samples were freeze-dried using a SCIETNZ-10ND freeze dryer (Scientz, Ningbo, China) before analysis. Both feed and digesta samples were pulverized and passed through a 0.5 mm sieve. The starch content in feed and digesta was determined according to the instructions provided by the commercial kit (No. BC0700, Solarbio, Beijing, China). The acid-insoluble ash (AIA) content in feed and digesta was analyzed using the method of de Coca-Sinova et al. (2011). The apparent starch digestibility was calculated according to the following formula:

[0040] Starch digestibility (%) = [1-(indicator content in feed / indicator content in chyme) × (starch content in chyme / starch content in feed)] × 100 8. Intestinal morphology analysis Formalin-fixed duodenal samples were embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. Specifically, 0.5 cm tissue segments were cut from the midpoint of each duodenum, dehydrated with graded ethanol, cleared with xylene, and embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were 5 μm thick and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (all provided by Sigma, Shanghai, China) for tissue morphology measurement. Six villi and corresponding crypts were randomly selected from each sample, and the villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) were measured, and the VH / CD ratio was calculated. All observations were completed under an optical microscope (Nikon Ni-U, Tokyo, Japan), and images were captured using ProgResCapturePro software (Jenoptik, Jena, Germany) at a magnification of 4 × 50.

[0041] 9. Determination of digestive enzyme activity Jejunal mucosal samples were thawed and used to measure digestive enzyme activities, including amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), sucrase (EC3.2.1.48), and maltase (EC 3.2.1.20). To prepare the analytical samples, 0.2 g of mucosal tissue was homogenized with 6 volumes of cold saline at 4000 rpm for 10 min using a Jiupin homogenizer (Wuxi, China) to prepare a homogenate. Subsequently, the enzyme activities were quantitatively detected using commercial kits (amylase: C016; sucrase: A082-2-1; maltase: A082-3-1, Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions and using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-1201, Kyoto, Japan).

[0042] 10. Determination of mucosal energy metabolism To determine the contents of ATP, AMP, and cAMP, mucosal tissues removed from the jejunum and ileum were immediately washed in saline, blotted dry with filter paper, weighed, and homogenized in ice-cold trichloroacetic acid solution. The contents of ATP, AMP, and cAMP were determined using kits provided by Jingmei Biotechnology (Jiangsu, China) (No.: JM-09309C1, JM-09482C1, JM-09487C1), and the AMP / ATP ratio was calculated. The activities of Na+ / K+-ATPase, citrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.1, Cs), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC1.2.4.1, PDH) were detected using the corresponding commercial kits (No.: JM-05008C1, JM-09491C1, JM-09496C1, Jingmei Biotechnology, Jiangsu, China).

[0043] 11. PCR Total RNA was extracted from jejunal and ileal tissues using TRIzol reagent (ThermoFisher Scientific, OH, USA). The extracted RNA was synthesized into cDNA using a reverse transcription kit (No. RR047A, Takara, Beijing, China), and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed using a 7500 fluorescence detection system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) and a SYBR Green PCR kit (No. RR420A, Takara, Beijing, China). Primers were provided by Sagon Biotech (Shanghai, China) (Table 2). Gene expression was quantified using the comparative threshold cycle method, and the results were expressed relative to the control group (NC group).

[0044] Table 2 Primers used for quantitative real-time PCR 12. Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS software (v20.0), and the significance level was set at P < 0.05.

[0045] result 1. In vitro starch digestion characteristics Figure 1The in vitro digestibility properties of starch and its mixture with EGCG evaluated by glucose release assay are shown. The addition of EGCG significantly reduced the glucose release rate of corn starch and pea starch at different hydrolysis time points (P<0.05). For cassava starch mixed with EGCG, glucose release was significantly reduced at 40, 60, and 120 min (P<0.05). Corn starch reached the highest hydrolysis rate at 120 min, while corn starch mixed with EGCG delayed reaching the peak value until 240 min. Pea starch treated with EGCG delayed the peak hydrolysis time from 120 min to 180 min. Cassava starch remained stable after reaching the maximum hydrolysis rate at 40 min, while cassava starch mixed with EGCG extended the hydrolysis duration from 40 min to 180 min.

[0046] Table 3 shows the effect of EGCG on the in vitro digestibility of different starch sources at different time periods. Significant interaction effects were observed at 20, 40, 60, and 240 min (P<0.05). After 20 min of digestion, the digestibility of the pea starch mixed with EGCG group was the lowest (P<0.05). At 40 min, the digestibility of cassava starch reached the highest, while at 60 min, the digestibility of corn starch mixed with EGCG was the lowest (P<0.05). By 240 min, the digestibility of pea starch increased. Main effect analysis showed that cassava starch significantly accelerated the digestion rate in the first 40 min (P<0.05). At 60 min, the digestion rates of each starch were cassava starch> pea starch> corn starch. Overall, the addition of EGCG significantly reduced the digestibility of each starch at all time points (P<0.05).

[0047] Table 3 In vitro starch digestion of different starch and EGCG blends (%) Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c, d in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05), "+" represents addition, and "-" represents no addition.

[0048] 2. Growth performance Table 4 shows the effects of EGCG supplementation from different starch sources on the growth performance of broiler chickens. During the period from 14 to 35 days of age, the growth performance of each treatment group was significantly different (P<0.05). Among them, the PC group had the lowest daily weight gain (ADG) and daily feed intake (ADFI) and the highest feed-to-weight ratio (FCR) (P<0.05). During the period from 35 to 42 days of age, the ADFI of the PC group was still the lowest, while the ADFI of the CS group was the highest. Throughout the experimental period, corn starch supplemented with EGCG significantly increased ADG (P<0.05). In addition, the ADFI of the PS group was higher than that of the PC group (P<0.05). It is worth noting that the NC group and the CS group achieved better FCR among all treatment groups (P<0.05).

[0049] Table 4 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the growth performance of broilers Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a and b in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 3. Blood sugar levels Figure 2 Table 5 shows the changes in blood glucose concentrations in each group before and after feeding. At each time point, there was no significant difference in blood glucose levels among the groups (P>0.05). The blood glucose level of the NC group was stable at about 12 mmol / L within 4 hours after feeding. The blood glucose level of the PC group showed an upward trend within 4 hours after feeding (P<0.05). The CS group reached a peak blood glucose level 1 hour after feeding, and then gradually decreased to the baseline level within 4 hours. The blood glucose peak of the cassava starch with EGCG group occurred 3 hours after feeding. The blood glucose level of the PS group was higher 1 hour after feeding and remained stable for the next 4 hours. The blood glucose level of the TS group was significantly higher than that of the other groups 3 hours after feeding (P<0.05).

[0050] Table 5 Effects of tea polyphenols EGCG on blood glucose in broiler chickens in diets with different starch sources 4. Starch digestibility Table 6 shows the effect of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the starch digestibility in the jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens. There were significant differences in the starch digestibility in the jejunum and ileum among the treatment groups (P<0.05). The addition of EGCG significantly reduced the starch digestibility in the jejunum (P<0.05). Compared with the group with EGCG alone, the jejunal starch digestibility of the corn starch group with EGCG increased by 4.25% (89.03% vs 85.18%). In the ileum, the starch digestibility of the PC group was significantly lower than that of the CS, TS, and PS groups (P<0.05). The ileal starch digestibility of the CS group was 2.75% higher than that of the PC group (99.45% vs 96.79%).

[0051] Table 6 Effects of tea polyphenols EGCG on starch digestibility in broiler chickens in diets with different starch sources Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c, d in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 5. Starch digestive enzyme activity Table 7 shows the activities of starch digestive enzymes in the jejunal mucosa of broiler chickens. The sucrase activity of the pea starch group supplemented with EGCG was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The maltase activity of the basal diet, corn starch, and pea starch groups supplemented with EGCG was significantly lower than that of the cassava starch group supplemented with EGCG (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the α-amylase activity among the treatment groups (P>0.05).

[0052] Table 7 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the digestive enzyme activities of jejunal mucosa in broilers Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c, d in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 6. Intestinal morphology Table 8 shows the effects of different dietary treatments on duodenal morphology. The treatment groups showed a significant difference in crypt depth (CD) (P<0.1), among which the crypt depth of the corn starch and cassava starch groups supplemented with EGCG was deeper. In addition, the treatment groups showed significant differences in the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH / CD) (P<0.05). The VH / CD ratio of the basal diet group was significantly higher than that of the corn starch and cassava starch groups (P<0.05).

[0053] Table 8 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the duodenum morphology of broiler chickens Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c, d in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 7. Intestinal energy metabolism Table 9 shows the energy metabolism indexes of the jejunal and ileal mucosa. There were extremely significant differences in AMP, ATP, cAMP content and AMP / ATP ratio among the treatment groups (P<0.001). In the jejunum, the NC group had the highest AMP content, while the EGCG group, especially the CS and PS groups, had higher AMP content. The ATP levels in the corn starch and cassava starch groups were significantly higher than those in the pea starch group. The cAMP content in the PS and CS groups was higher. AMP / ATP ratio analysis showed that the ratios in the PS and NC groups were significantly higher than those in the other treatment groups (P<0.05). In the ileum, the AMP content in the corn starch group with EGCG was significantly higher than that in the cassava starch group (P<0.05). In addition, the ATP levels in the CS and TS groups were higher, and the cAMP content was enhanced in the CS group. The TS group significantly reduced the AMP / ATP ratio.

[0054] Table 9 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the energy status of the intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens (nmol / L) Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 8. Rate-limiting enzyme in energy metabolism The results of enzyme activities related to energy metabolism in the jejunum and ileum are listed in Table 10. The dietary treatments significantly affected the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, citrate synthase (Cs), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in the jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). In the jejunal mucosa, the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Cs, and PDH were significantly increased in the CS group compared with the other starch treatment groups. In addition, enhancement of Cs and PDH activities was observed in both the CS and NC groups.

[0055] In the ileum, the diet supplemented with pea starch instead of corn and EGCG significantly increased the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase, which was significantly different from other starch sources (P<0.05). Different starch sources replacing corn also led to increased Cs activity in the ileum. Further analysis showed that supplementation of EGCG in the diet significantly enhanced PDH activity, which was significantly different from the basal diet group (P<0.05); however, PDH activity decreased in the different starch groups supplemented with EGCG compared with the group supplemented with EGCG alone.

[0056] Table 10 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the activities of enzymes related to intestinal energy metabolism in broiler chickens Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters a, b, c in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). 9. Intestinal gene expression Table 11 shows the relative expression of related genes in the intestine. There were significant differences in the expression of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in the jejunum and ileum, and the expression of HK2 in the jejunum among the treatment groups (P<0.05). The expression of HIF-1α in the jejunum showed a significant difference trend (P<0.1). The CS and PS groups significantly increased the expression of jejunal SGLT1, and the ileal SGLT1 expression in the CS group was the highest (P<0.05). The expression of jejunal GLUT2 was higher in the PC group, while the expression of ileal GLUT2 was higher in the NC group. The PS group significantly increased the expression level of jejunal HK2. The treatment groups had no significant effect on the expression of HIF-1α, PDK1 and ileal HK2 in the jejunum and ileum (P>0.05).

[0057] Table 11 Effects of adding EGCG from different starch sources on the expression of intestinal related genes in broiler chickens Note: The values ​​with different superscript letters in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). The interaction of starch with other components of the digestive system provides an innovative strategy to reduce postprandial glycemic response, which can reduce the risk of related diseases while reducing intestinal side effects. It is of great significance to study the effect of EGCG supplementation in broiler diets with different starch sources, especially its potential to regulate intestinal glucose release and improve intestinal health.

[0058] It should be noted that when the claims of the present invention involve numerical ranges, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints can be selected. In order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment.

[0059] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. Application of epigallocatechin gallate in improving the growth performance of broilers.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adding epigallocatechin gallate to broiler feed containing corn, the growth performance of broiler chickens was improved after feeding.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The added amount of epigallocatechin gallate is 400 mg / kg to 600 mg / kg.

4. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: Starch is also added to broiler feeds containing corn.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The starch is corn starch, pea starch or tapioca starch.

6. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of starch added is 15% to 25% of the mass of corn in the broiler feed.

7. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The corn-containing broiler feed is composed of the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35%-60% corn, 20%-30% soybean meal, 5%-7% corn gluten powder, 0.3%-0.4% DL-methionine, 1%-2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6%-0.8% stone powder, 0.5%-0.7% L-lysine sulfate, 0.1%-0.2% tryptophan, 0.1%-0.2% threonine, 0.2%-0.4% salt, 3%-5% soybean oil, 0.1% choline chloride, and 1% premix, totaling 100%.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each kilogram of the premix contains 65mg~75mg of Fe, 15mg~25mg of Cu, 65mg~75mg of Zn, 5mg~15mg of Mn, 0.2mg~0.3mg of Se, 0.1mg~0.3mg of I, 9000IU~11000IU of VA, 800IU~1000IU of VD, 45mg~55mg of VE, 1mg~3mg of VK, 15mg~25mg of D-pantothenic acid, and 0.2mg~0.3mg of I. 12 0.01mg~0.03mg, niacin 45mg~55mg, lysine 1g~3g, methionine 1g~2g.

9. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Improving the growth performance of broilers refers to increasing at least one of daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio.

10. A feed, characterized in that: The feed is composed of broiler feed containing corn and epigallocatechin gallate, and the mass of the epigallocatechin gallate is 0.0004% to 0.0006% of the mass of the broiler feed containing corn; The corn-containing broiler feed is composed of the following raw materials in mass fraction: 35% to 60% corn, 20% to 30% soybean meal, 5% to 7% corn gluten meal, 0.3% to 0.4% DL-methionine, 1% to 2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% to 0.8% stone powder, 0.5% to 0.7% L-lysine sulfate, 0.1% to 0.2% tryptophan, 0.1% to 0.2% threonine, 0.2% to 0.4% salt, 3% to 5% soybean oil, 0.1% choline chloride, and 1% premix, totaling 100%; Each kilogram of the premix contains 65mg~75mg of Fe, 15mg~25mg of Cu, 65mg~75mg of Zn, 5mg~15mg of Mn, 0.2mg~0.3mg of Se, 0.1mg~0.3mg of I, 9000IU~11000IU of VA, 800IU~1000IU of VD, 45mg~55mg of VE, 1mg~3mg of VK, 15mg~25mg of D-pantothenic acid, and 0.2mg~0.3mg of I. 12 0.01mg~0.03mg, niacin 45mg~55mg, lysine 1g~3g, methionine 1g~2g.

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