Amine escape treatment device and amine escape treatment method

Abstract

The present invention provides an amine escape treatment device and an amine escape treatment method, comprising: an absorption tower having a packing layer therein; a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit disposed in the absorption tower, the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit being located above the packing layer and at the flue gas outlet; a regeneration tower provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet, the second liquid inlet being connected to the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet being connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit being connected to the regeneration tower; a refrigeration compressor, the inlet of the refrigeration compressor being connected to the carbon dioxide outlet; a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank being connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor through a first connection pipeline, and the first connection pipeline being connected to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit through a second connection pipeline. The technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem that in the related art, part of the amine escapes from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal and is discharged into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide capture, and more particularly, to an amine escape treatment device and an amine escape treatment method. Background Art

[0002] In carbon capture technology, chemical absorption method is usually adopted. In the chemical absorption method, alkaline amine absorbents (such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, etc.) react with carbon dioxide in the flue gas to form unstable carbamates. The reaction between carbon dioxide and amine is a reversible process. Usually in the absorption tower, carbon dioxide is captured by the amine absorbent from the flue gas to form corresponding carbonates or bicarbonates. For example, monoethanolamine reacts with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form bicarbonate of monoethanolamine.

[0003] Carbon capture technology is an effective means to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Through the chemical absorption method, CO2 can be efficiently separated and captured from industrial emission sources, and then centralized management and utilization of CO2 can be achieved.

[0004] However, during the CO2 capture process, some amines escape from the absorption tower together with CO2. If the amines are discharged into the atmosphere, they will cause environmental pollution. Moreover, the escape of amines will lead to a decrease in the capture efficiency, and the loss of amines needs to be supplemented with new amines, increasing the operating cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide an amine escape treatment device and an amine escape treatment method to solve the problem that in the related art, some amines escape from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after removing CO2 and are discharged into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an amine escape treatment device, including: an absorption tower provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and having a packing layer inside; a carbon dioxide washing unit disposed inside the absorption tower, above the packing layer and at the flue gas outlet; a regeneration tower provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet, the second liquid inlet being connected to the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet being connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit being connected to the regeneration tower; a refrigeration compressor, the inlet of which is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet; a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank being connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor through a first connection pipeline, and the first connection pipeline being connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit through a second connection pipeline.

[0007] Further, the amine escape treatment device further includes a carbon dioxide compressor connected between the inlet of the refrigeration compressor and the carbon dioxide outlet.

[0008] Further, a control valve is provided on the second connecting pipeline.

[0009] Further, a gas chromatograph is provided on the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. The amine escape treatment device further includes a controller, and both the gas chromatograph and the control valve are connected to the controller.

[0010] Further, a plurality of flow splitting plates are provided at the connection between the second connecting pipeline and the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. The plurality of flow splitting plates are stacked, and a flow splitting channel is formed between two adjacent flow splitting plates.

[0011] Further, each flow splitting plate is bent along the horizontal direction.

[0012] Further, a first atomizing cover is provided at one end of the flow splitting channel facing the inside of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. A second atomizing cover is provided on the side of the first atomizing cover facing the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. The second atomizing cover is rotatably provided and communicated with the flow splitting channel through the first atomizing cover.

[0013] Further, a sealing and adjusting structure is provided at the connection between the first atomizing cover and the flow splitting channel. The sealing and adjusting structure includes two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, a spring, and an electric push rod. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies are symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing cover along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing cover. The spring is connected between the first ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, and the electric push rod is connected between the second ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, the spring, and the electric push rod enclose a circular structure. When the electric push rod extends or retracts, it drives the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies to deform.

[0014] Further, the amine escape treatment device further includes a demister provided below the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. The demister is located above the first liquid inlet. The amine escape treatment device further includes a gas-liquid film separation unit provided between the flue gas outlet and the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit. The second liquid inlet is connected to the first liquid outlet through a third connecting pipeline, and the second liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid inlet through a fourth connecting pipeline. A heat exchanger is connected to the third connecting pipeline and the fourth connecting pipeline.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, an amine escape treatment method is provided. The amine escape treatment device described above is used to realize the treatment of amine escape. The amine escape treatment method includes the following steps: Compress the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; Send a part of the liquid CO2 into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit at the flue gas outlet so that the liquid CO2 reacts with the amine escaping in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit.

[0016] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the amine escape treatment device includes: an absorption tower, a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit, a regeneration tower, a refrigeration compressor and a liquid storage tank. The absorption tower is provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and a packing layer is provided inside the absorption tower. The carbon dioxide scrubbing unit is arranged inside the absorption tower, above the packing layer and at the flue gas outlet. The regeneration tower is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet. The second liquid inlet is connected to the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit is connected to the regeneration tower. The inlet of the refrigeration compressor is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet. The liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor through a first connection pipeline, and the first connection pipeline is connected to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit through a second connection pipeline. The gas in the flue gas in the absorption tower that cannot react with the carbon capture solution is discharged from the flue gas outlet after passing through the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit; the CO2 in the flue gas is fixed in the carbon capture solution after passing through the absorption tower, and is desorbed after being heated in the regeneration tower to obtain CO2. After being processed by the refrigeration compressor, the high-concentration CO2 becomes liquid CO2 with a higher CO2 content. During the process of the liquid CO2 flowing into the liquid storage tank, a part of the liquid CO2 is sent into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit through the second connection pipeline to wash the organic amine (i.e., the escaped amine) and H2O entrained at the flue gas outlet, solving the problem that some amines escape from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal and are discharged into the atmosphere in the related technology, and reducing the degree of environmental pollution. At the same time, a part of the liquid CO2 is timely replenished into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit, and no new compound needs to be introduced during the tail gas treatment stage, and there is no loss of the solvent, effectively reducing the operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The schematic diagrams in the specification forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 Shows a pipeline connection diagram of an embodiment of the amine escape treatment device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 a side view schematic diagram of the connection part of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit and the second connection pipeline of the amine escape treatment device;

[0020] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 a top view schematic diagram of the connection part of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit and the second connection pipeline of the amine escape treatment device;

[0021] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3Schematic diagram of the installation of the seal adjustment structure of the amine escape treatment device at the rear side of the first atomization hood.

[0022] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Absorption tower; 11. Flue gas inlet; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. First liquid inlet; 14. First liquid outlet;

[0024] 21. Packing layer; 22. Carbon dioxide scrubbing unit; 23. Gas-liquid membrane separation unit; 24. Shunt plate; 25. Shunt channel; 26. First atomization hood; 27. Second atomization hood;

[0025] 30. Regeneration tower; 31. Second liquid inlet; 32. Second liquid outlet; 33. Carbon dioxide outlet;

[0026] 41. Refrigeration compressor; 42. Carbon dioxide compressor; 43. Liquid storage tank;

[0027] 51. First connecting pipeline; 52. Second connecting pipeline; 53. Control valve; 54. Third connecting pipeline; 55. Fourth connecting pipeline; 56. Heat exchanger;

[0028] 61. Demister; 62. Seal adjustment structure; 621. Arc-shaped elastic seal body; 622. Spring; 623. Electric push rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing the specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation manners according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific values should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the present application provides an amine escape treatment device. Embodiments of the amine escape treatment device include: an absorption tower 10, a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, a regeneration tower 30, a refrigeration compressor 41, and a liquid storage tank 43. The absorption tower 10 is provided with a flue gas inlet 11, a flue gas outlet 12, a first liquid inlet 13, and a first liquid outlet 14. The absorption tower 10 has a packing layer 21 inside. The carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is disposed inside the absorption tower 10. The carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is located above the packing layer 21 and at the flue gas outlet 12. The regeneration tower 30 is provided with a second liquid inlet 31, a second liquid outlet 32, and a carbon dioxide outlet 33. The second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid inlet 13, the second liquid outlet 32 is connected to the first liquid outlet 14, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is connected to the regeneration tower 30. The inlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 33. The liquid storage tank 43 is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 through a first connection pipeline 51, and the first connection pipeline 51 is connected to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 through a second connection pipeline 52.

[0033] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the amine escape treatment device includes: an absorption tower 10, a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, a regeneration tower 30, a refrigeration compressor 41, and a liquid storage tank 43. The absorption tower 10 is provided with a flue gas inlet 11, a flue gas outlet 12, a first liquid inlet 13, and a first liquid outlet 14. The absorption tower 10 has a packing layer 21 inside. The carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is disposed inside the absorption tower 10. The carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is located above the packing layer 21 and at the flue gas outlet 12. The regeneration tower 30 is provided with a second liquid inlet 31, a second liquid outlet 32, and a carbon dioxide outlet 33. The second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid inlet 13, the second liquid outlet 32 is connected to the first liquid outlet 14, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is connected to the regeneration tower 30.

[0034] The inlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 33. The liquid storage tank 43 is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 through the first connecting pipeline 51, and the first connecting pipeline 51 is connected to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 through the second connecting pipeline 52. The gas in the flue gas in the absorption tower 10 that cannot react with the carbon capture solution is discharged from the flue gas outlet 12 after passing through the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22; the CO2 in the flue gas is fixed in the carbon capture solution after passing through the absorption tower 10, and the CO2 is desorbed after heating in the regeneration tower 30. After being processed by the refrigeration compressor 41, the high-concentration CO2 becomes liquid CO2 with a higher CO2 content. During the process of the liquid CO2 flowing into the liquid storage tank 43, a part of the CO2 liquid is sent into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 through the second connecting pipeline 52 to wash the organic amine (i.e., the escaped amine) and H2O entrained at the flue gas outlet 12, solving the problem that some amines in the related art escape from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal and are discharged into the atmosphere, and reducing the degree of environmental pollution. At the same time, a part of the liquid CO2 is timely supplemented into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. During the tail gas treatment stage, no new compounds need to be introduced, and no loss of the solvent will occur, effectively reducing the operating cost. The above-mentioned higher content of CO2 means that the content of CO2 is in the range of 99% to 100%, preferably 99.1%, 99.3%, 99.5%, 99.7%, 99.9% or 100%.

[0035] It can be understood that the method for reducing ammonia escape in this embodiment is that the effect of washing the tail gas in the flue gas of the absorption tower with low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide is better than that of traditional water washing: because the reaction between liquid CO2 and amine in the form of aerosol is a chemical reaction, while water washing and amine in the form of aerosol only remove it from the flue gas through physical dissolution.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the amine escape treatment device further includes a carbon dioxide compressor 42 connected between the inlet and the carbon dioxide outlet 33 of the refrigeration compressor 41. The carbon dioxide compressor 42 compresses the captured CO2 gas to a higher pressure for subsequent liquefaction, transportation by the refrigeration compressor 41, and subsequent storage in the liquid storage tank 43. The refrigeration compressor 41 can drive a refrigeration cycle so that carbon dioxide removes heat through the processes of compression - condensation - expansion - evaporation to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. In this way, after passing through the carbon dioxide compressor 42 and the refrigeration compressor 41, liquid CO2 is directly pumped from behind the refrigeration compressor 41. The process is simple, no new chemicals are required, no new impurities can be introduced, and the compound formed by the reaction of the organic amine entrained in the flue gas with carbon dioxide can be re-introduced into the regeneration tower for heating and regeneration.

[0037] As Figure 1As shown, in order to control the flow rate of the liquid CO2 flowing in the second connection pipeline 52, a control valve 53 is provided on the second connection pipeline 52. The control valve 53 is a flow control valve.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, a gas chromatograph is provided on the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The amine escape treatment device further includes a controller. Both the gas chromatograph and the control valve 53 are connected to the controller. The gas chromatograph is used to analyze the gases or volatile compounds in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 and can accurately measure the content of amines in the flue gas or absorbent. In this way, the controller adjusts the opening degree of the control valve 53 according to the measured amine content of the gas chromatograph to facilitate the amount of liquid CO2 fed into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 through the second connection pipeline 52.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in order to facilitate the uniform distribution of the liquid CO2 in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, a plurality of flow splitting plates 24 are provided at the connection between the second connection pipeline 52 and the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The plurality of flow splitting plates 24 are stacked, and a flow splitting channel 25 is formed between two adjacent flow splitting plates 24.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, each flow splitting plate 24 is bent in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional area of the flow splitting channel 25 inside is larger than the cross-sectional areas at its upper and lower ends. By designing the flow splitting plate 24 into a structure bent in the horizontal direction, the uniformity of the distribution of the liquid CO2 before entering the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 can be significantly improved. The bent setting helps the liquid CO2 to form a thin and uniform liquid film on the plate surface of the flow splitting plate 24, increasing the surface area of contact between the liquid CO2 and air or other gases. This design can ensure that the liquid CO2 is evenly dispersed. At the same time, the bent plate can effectively reduce the flow velocity of the liquid CO2, providing a longer time for subsequent atomization and contributing to improving the atomization effect.

[0041] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, a first atomization cover 26 is provided at one end of the flow splitting channel 25 facing the inside of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. A second atomization cover 27 is provided on the side of the first atomization cover 26 facing the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The second atomization cover 27 is rotatably provided and communicated with the flow splitting channel 25 through the first atomization cover 26.

[0042] Under the combination of the first atomizing cover 26 and the second atomizing cover 27, the atomizing effect of liquid CO2 is significantly improved. The first atomizing cover 26 initially disperses the liquid CO2 into fine droplets, and the rotatable design of the second atomizing cover 27 allows the atomizing angle and mode to be adjusted according to actual operating conditions (such as the flow rate and pressure of liquid CO2) to optimize the contact and reaction between the droplets and the escaping amine in the flue gas. This dynamic adjustment ability ensures that the atomizing process remains efficient regardless of changes in operating conditions, avoiding a decline in the atomizing effect caused by condition changes. When the second atomizing cover 27 rotates, the spraying direction of the droplets can be changed, increasing the collision chance with the amine, thereby improving the amine capture efficiency. In addition, this design can also prevent the liquid CO2 from directly impacting the packing layer 21, avoiding uneven distribution and making the contact between the liquid CO2 and the flue gas more sufficient and uniform.

[0043] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, a sealing and adjusting structure 62 is provided at the connection between the first atomizing cover 26 and the shunt channel 25. The sealing and adjusting structure 62 includes two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621, a spring 622, and an electric push rod 623. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621 are symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing cover 26 along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing cover 26. The spring 622 is connected between the first ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621, and the electric push rod 623 is connected between the second ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621, the spring 622, and the electric push rod 623 form a circular structure. When the electric push rod 623 extends or retracts, it drives the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621 to deform. The electric push rod 623 is connected to the controller. The controller can control the electric push rod 623 to extend or retract.

[0044] The sealing and adjusting structure 62 provides a dynamic sealing solution at the connection between the first atomizing cover 26 and the shunt channel 25, which can effectively reduce the leakage of liquid CO2 before atomization while maintaining an appropriate pressure inside the atomizing cover. The automatic deformation ability of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies 621, combined with the active adjustment of the electric push rod 623, enables the tightness of the sealing ring to be adjusted in real time according to operating conditions (such as changes in pressure and flow rate). When the operating conditions change and a higher pressure is required, the electric push rod 623 retracts, increasing the tightness of the sealing ring to prevent the premature leakage or gasification of liquid CO2; when conditions permit, the electric push rod 623 extends, reducing the tightness of the sealing ring, which helps the smooth passage of liquid CO2, while reducing unnecessary sealing force and saving energy. This intelligent sealing structure improves the overall efficiency and reliability of the system, reduces maintenance requirements, and can adapt to various operating conditions, ensuring that the atomizing process of liquid CO2 is not affected, thereby effectively capturing and treating the amine escape problem.

[0045] As Figure 1As shown, the amine escape treatment device further includes a demister 61 disposed below the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The demister 61 is located above the first liquid inlet 13. The demister can filter the fog particles and slurry droplets entrained in the flue gas during the spray absorption process.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the amine escape treatment device further includes a gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23 disposed between the flue gas outlet 12 and the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23 is used to further purify the carbon dioxide that has been captured by the chemical absorbent or directly separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas. This realizes the effective separation of the net flue gas nitrogen (N2) and the liquid mixture, enabling the direct discharge of nitrogen (N2). The remaining liquid mixture returns to the absorption tower 10, achieving dehydration while removing the organic amine, and will not freeze inside the absorption tower. At the same time, it reduces the water loss phenomenon in the carbon capture system due to amine escape. The low-temperature net flue gas N2 and the lean liquid (liquid CO2) exchange heat crosswise, improving the plume diffusion temperature and lift.

[0047] It can be understood that at a pressure of 2.4 MPa (megapascals) (equivalent to about 24.5 atmospheres) and a temperature of -20 °C, water will remain in the liquid state. This is because at this pressure, the freezing point of water is much lower than -20 °C. The freezing point of water increases with the increase of pressure, so at a pressure of 2.4 MPa, water can still remain in the liquid state at a temperature much lower than the normal freezing point.

[0048] At a pressure of 2.4 MPa (equivalent to about 24.5 atmospheres) and a temperature of -20 °C, nitrogen (N2) will remain in the gaseous state. The critical temperature of nitrogen is about -147 °C (or 126 K), which is much lower than -20 °C. This means that even at a pressure of 2.4 MPa, nitrogen will not reach its critical point and thus will not transform into the liquid state or the supercritical state.

[0049] To achieve heat exchange, the second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid outlet 14 through the third connecting pipeline 54, and the second liquid outlet 32 is connected to the first liquid inlet 13 through the fourth connecting pipeline 55. A heat exchanger 56 is connected to the third connecting pipeline 54 and the fourth connecting pipeline 55.

[0050] A low-temperature heat exchanger is also provided between the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 and the third connecting pipeline. The low-temperature heat exchanger uses the net flue gas to exchange heat with the lean liquid, which is beneficial to quickly reduce the temperature of the lean liquid and improve the capture efficiency of the absorption tower.

[0051] The present application also provides an amine escape treatment method, which uses the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device to achieve the treatment of amine escape. The amine escape treatment method includes the following steps: Compress the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower 30 to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; Send a part of the liquid CO2 into the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 at the flue gas outlet 12 to react the liquid CO2 with the escaped amine in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22.

[0052] Since the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device can solve the problem that some amines in the related art escape from the absorption tower together with the net flue gas after CO2 removal and are discharged into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution, the amine escape treatment method using the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device to achieve the treatment of amine escape can also solve the same technical problem.

[0053] The absorption tower 10, as the core component of the amine escape treatment device, receives the flue gas containing CO2 and amine through the flue gas inlet 11. The flue gas is in full contact with the absorbent at the packing layer 21. The absorbent (usually an alkaline amine solution) can efficiently absorb CO2 in the flue gas. The flue gas after the absorption process is discharged from the flue gas outlet 12, and the amine content in it is greatly reduced. The first liquid inlet 13 and the first liquid outlet 14 allow the absorbent to be recycled, improving the efficiency and economy of amine escape treatment.

[0054] The addition of the carbon dioxide compressor 42 can compress the CO2 gas discharged from the regeneration tower 30 to a higher pressure, providing conditions for the efficient operation of the subsequent refrigeration compressor 41. This not only improves the liquefaction efficiency of CO2 but also reduces the gasification loss of liquid CO2 during transmission, ensuring the quantity and purity of the liquid CO2 used for washing the escaped amine in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22.

[0055] The control valve 53 can accurately regulate the flow rate of the liquid CO2 from the liquid storage tank 43 to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, ensuring that the supply quantity of the liquid CO2 during the washing process matches the quantity of the escaped amine. This not only avoids waste caused by excessive supply but also ensures the optimization of the washing effect and improves the amine capture efficiency.

[0056] The gas chromatograph can monitor the content of the escaped amine in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 in real time. These data are transmitted to the controller, and the controller adjusts the opening degree of the control valve 53 according to the real-time amine content, thereby regulating the flow rate of the liquid CO2, ensuring the high efficiency and pertinence of the washing process, and at the same time avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and chemical waste.

[0057] The flow divider plates 24 and the flow diversion channels 25 formed therebetween can ensure that the liquid CO₂ from the liquid storage tank 43 is evenly dispersed across the entire cross-section of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, reducing the decline in scrubbing efficiency caused by the uneven distribution of liquid CO₂ in the scrubbing unit. This uniform distribution reduces the possibility of amine escape and improves the scrubbing effect.

[0058] The flow divider plates 24 with a bent configuration increase the flow path of the liquid CO₂ on the plates, helping to form a thinner liquid film, thereby increasing the surface area of contact between the liquid CO₂ and the gas. This further increases the reaction probability between the liquid CO₂ and the escaping amine, enhances the effect of chemical scrubbing, and ensures the efficient capture of the amine.

[0059] The combination of the first atomizing hood 26 and the second atomizing hood 27 can atomize the liquid CO₂ into extremely fine droplets, increasing the contact area between the liquid CO₂ and the escaping amine and improving the rate of the chemical reaction. The rotatable characteristic of the second atomizing hood 27 can dynamically adjust the atomizing angle and droplet distribution, ensuring that the scrubbing process remains efficient regardless of changes in operating conditions and reducing the amine escape rate.

[0060] The seal adjustment structure 62 can automatically adjust the seal strength according to changes in operating conditions, preventing the leakage or premature gasification of the liquid CO₂ before atomization. This ensures the stability and efficiency of the atomization process, reduces the energy loss during the treatment process, and also avoids the pressure loss caused by excessive sealing, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system.

[0061] The demister 61 can effectively remove the droplets carried in the flue gas, reducing the loss of liquid CO₂ and also preventing the un-scrubbed amine or water from being carried into the subsequent treatment units and affecting the system. The gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23 can further improve the purity of CO₂ and reduce the interference of other components in the flue gas on the scrubbing process. The heat exchanger 56 can utilize the heat exchange between the absorption tower 10 and the regeneration tower 30 to optimize energy utilization, reduce energy consumption, and improve the overall economy of the system. This design ensures the efficiency and economy of the amine escape treatment process while also reducing the environmental burden.

[0062] The demister 61 is a device used to remove droplets and slurries from gases. The flue gas enters the demister 61 above the first liquid inlet 13 of the absorption tower 10 and enters the interior of the demister through the gas inlet. When the gas passes through the demisting elements, the droplets are separated and fall into the liquid collection tank below. The separated gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the demister 61 and directly enters the subsequent treatment unit or is discharged into the environment after passing through the gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23. The liquid collected in the liquid collection tank is returned to the absorption tower 10 or the liquid storage tank 43 through the return pipeline to achieve the recycling of the liquid. The cleaning and maintenance structure may be operated through an internal mechanical mechanism or an external control signal, and is connected to a control system (such as a controller) to ensure that the demister 61 can be self-cleaned regularly and maintain efficient operation. The pressure and temperature control components are connected to the control system through signal lines to monitor and adjust the operating conditions inside the demister 61 in real time to ensure the stability and safety of the demisting process.

[0063] An amine escape treatment method provided by the present application utilizes efficient chemical reactions and precise flow control to ensure that high-purity liquid CO2 from the regeneration tower 30 can fully react with the escaped amine in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, reduce amine emissions, and protect the environment. At the same time, through components such as the control valve 53 and the heat exchanger 56, the optimized utilization of energy and chemicals is achieved, the operating cost is reduced, and the economy and sustainability of the amine escape treatment device are improved. This method combines the advantages of chemical absorption and physical separation to ensure the high efficiency and stability of amine escape treatment.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary instructions, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0065] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper" etc. can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the figures with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations of the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be made accordingly.

[0066] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first", "second" etc. to define components is only for the convenience of differentiating the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above terms have no special meanings, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amine escape treatment device, characterized in that: include: An absorption tower (10), wherein the absorption tower (10) is provided with a smoke inlet (11), a smoke outlet (12), a first liquid inlet (13) and a first liquid outlet (14), and a packing layer (21) is provided inside the absorption tower (10); A carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is arranged in the absorption tower (10), wherein the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is located above the packing layer (21) and at the flue gas outlet (12); A regeneration tower (30), wherein the regeneration tower (30) is provided with a second liquid inlet (31), a second liquid outlet (32) and a carbon dioxide outlet (33), the second liquid inlet (31) is connected to the first liquid inlet (13), the second liquid outlet (32) is connected to the first liquid outlet (14), and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is connected to the regeneration tower (30); A refrigeration compressor (41), wherein an inlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet (33); a liquid storage tank (43), the liquid storage tank (43) being connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) via a first connecting pipeline (51), and the first connecting pipeline (51) being connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) via a second connecting pipeline (52); A plurality of flow divider plates (24) are provided at the connection between the second connecting pipeline (52) and the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); the plurality of flow divider plates (24) are stacked and a flow divider channel (25) is formed between two adjacent flow divider plates (24); A first atomizing cover (26) is provided at one end of the flow diversion channel (25) facing the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); a second atomizing cover (27) is provided at one side of the first atomizing cover (26) facing the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); the second atomizing cover (27) is rotatably provided and communicates with the flow diversion channel (25) through the first atomizing cover (26); A sealing adjustment structure (62) is provided at the connection between the first atomizing hood (26) and the diverting channel (25), the sealing adjustment structure (62) comprising two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), a spring (622) and an electric push rod (623), the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621) being symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing hood (26) along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing hood (26), the spring (622) being connected between the first ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the electric push rod (623) being connected between the second ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the spring (622) and the electric push rod (623) forming a circle structure, and when the electric push rod (623) is extended or retracted, the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621) are driven to deform.

2. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amine escape treatment device further comprises a carbon dioxide compressor (42) connected between the inlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) and the carbon dioxide outlet (33).

3. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipeline (52) is provided with a control valve (53).

4. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is provided with a gas chromatograph, and the amine escape treatment device further comprises a controller, and the gas chromatograph and the control valve (53) are both connected to the controller.

5. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the flow dividing plates (24) is bent in a horizontal direction.

6. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amine escape treatment device further comprises a demister (61) arranged below the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22), wherein the demister (61) is located above the first liquid inlet (13); The amine escape treatment device further comprises a gas-liquid membrane separation unit (23) arranged between the flue gas outlet (12) and the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); The second liquid inlet (31) is connected to the first liquid outlet (14) via a third connecting pipeline (54), the second liquid outlet (32) is connected to the first liquid inlet (13) via a fourth connecting pipeline (55), and a heat exchanger (56) is connected to the third connecting pipeline (54) and the fourth connecting pipeline (55).

7. A method for treating amine escape, characterized in that: Amine escape treatment is achieved by using the amine escape treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the amine escape treatment method comprises the following steps: Compressing the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower (30) to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; A portion of the liquid CO2 is fed into a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22) at the flue gas outlet (12) so that the liquid CO2 reacts with the amine escaping from the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22).

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