Tail gas treatment system of hydrogen energy power station

Abstract

The invention discloses a tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station, which comprises a premixing pipe connected with a gas inlet pipe and used for gas mixing; the hydrogen removal pipe is connected with the premixing pipe and is used for removing hydrogen from the mixed gas; the hydrogen removal pipe is connected with a second pipeline and a first pipeline, the gas outlet end of the premixing pipe is connected with a gas inlet branch of a first three-way valve, two gas outlet branches of the first three-way valve are connected with the second pipeline and the first pipeline respectively, and the ends, away from the hydrogen removal pipe, of the second pipeline and the first pipeline are connected with two gas inlet branches of a second three-way valve. An air outlet branch of the second three-way valve is connected with an air inlet branch of the third three-way valve, two air outlet branches of the third three-way valve are respectively connected with an exhaust pipe and a return pipe, and the return pipe is connected with the premixing pipe. According to the invention, hydrogen in tail gas can be efficiently removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, and in particular to a tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station. Background Art

[0002] The exhaust gas from a hydrogen power station contains incompletely reacted hydrogen. If it is discharged directly, there is a risk of combustion and explosion. Therefore, the hydrogen in the exhaust gas needs to be treated.

[0003] At present, the methods for eliminating hydrogen in exhaust gas mainly include: (1) catalytic oxidation method: the hydrogen in the exhaust gas reacts with oxygen to generate water vapor, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the exhaust gas; (2) activated carbon adsorption method: the exhaust gas passes through an activated carbon layer and uses the adsorption effect of the activated carbon to adsorb the hydrogen in it; (3) membrane separation method: special membrane materials are used to separate the hydrogen and other gases in the exhaust gas, thereby achieving efficient purification.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently removing hydrogen from tail gas of a hydrogen energy power station. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes an exhaust gas treatment system for a hydrogen energy power station, which can efficiently remove hydrogen in the exhaust gas.

[0006] The present invention provides a tail gas treatment system for a hydrogen energy power station, comprising:

[0007] A premixing pipe connected to an air inlet pipe for mixing gases;

[0008] A dehydrogenation pipe connected to the premixing pipe and used for dehydrogenating the mixed gas;

[0009] The dehydrogenation pipe is connected to the second pipeline and the first pipeline, the outlet end of the premixing pipe is connected to the inlet branch of the first three-way valve, the two outlet branches of the first three-way valve are respectively connected to the second pipeline and the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the first pipeline are connected to the two inlet branches of the second three-way valve at one end away from the dehydrogenation pipe, the outlet branch of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet branch of the third three-way valve, the two outlet branches of the third three-way valve are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the reflux pipe, and the reflux pipe is connected to the premixing pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the premixing tube includes a first tube body, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are provided at one end of the first tube body, the first air inlet is connected to the air inlet pipe, the second air inlet is connected to the return pipe, and a gas outlet is provided at the other end of the first tube body, and the gas outlet is connected to the air inlet branch of the first three-way valve; a first guide plate, a second drainage tube, a first drainage tube and a second guide plate are sequentially provided in the first tube body along the gas flow direction, a gap is distributed between the second drainage tube and the first guide plate and the second guide plate, one end of the first drainage tube extends into the second drainage tube, and the other end of the first drainage tube passes through the second guide plate and is connected to the gas outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the axis of the first drainage tube coincides with the axis of the second drainage tube, and the outer diameter of the first drainage tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the second drainage tube.

[0012] Preferably, the first guide plate, the second drainage tube and the second guide plate are all fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first tube body, the outer diameter of the second drainage tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the first tube body, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the first guide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the first drainage tube is detachably provided with a first filter plate and a second filter plate, and the first filter plate and the second filter plate are respectively located at two ends of the first drainage tube.

[0014] Preferably, the dehydrogenation tube includes a second tube body, and the first end cover and the second end cover are detachably provided at both ends of the second tube body, and the first partition and the second partition are respectively provided between the first end cover and the second end cover and the second tube body, and the first partition and the second partition are respectively provided with a plurality of first through holes and second through holes, the first end cover is connected to a first air vent, and the first air vent is connected to the first pipeline, and the second tube body includes a first cavity and a third cavity arranged in sequence, and the first cavity and the third cavity are filled with active oxygen carriers, the first through hole is connected to the first cavity, and the second through hole is connected to both the first cavity and the third cavity, and the third cavity is also connected to a second air vent, and the second vent is connected to the second pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, a second cavity is provided between the first cavity and the third cavity, and a heating device is provided in the second cavity.

[0016] Preferably, hydrogen concentration sensors are provided on the pipeline between the second three-way valve and the third three-way valve and on the air intake pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a gas flow sensor and a temperature sensor are provided on the air inlet pipe and the return pipe.

[0018] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention includes a premixing tube and a dehydrogenation tube. The premixing tube is used to fully mix the exhaust gas and the gas refluxed from the dehydrogenation tube, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect and avoiding the discharge of unqualified exhaust gas after treatment; the refluxed gas can also achieve the effect of preheating the exhaust gas when mixed with the exhaust gas, thereby further improving the dehydrogenation effect of the exhaust gas in the dehydrogenation tube.

[0020] (2) The premixing tube of the present invention comprises a first guide plate, a second guide plate, a first guide tube and a second guide tube, so that the gas forms a vortex between the first guide plate and the second guide plate, thereby achieving full mixing of the refluxed gas and the exhaust gas.

[0021] (3) The tail gas of the present invention enters the dehydrogenation pipe and passes through the first through hole, the first cavity, the second through hole and the third cavity in sequence, and is then discharged from the second vent. The hydrogen in the tail gas reacts with the active oxygen carriers in the first cavity and the second cavity under heating conditions to achieve the removal of hydrogen in the tail gas. In addition, the present invention can pass the tail gas from the first vent to the dehydrogenation pipe and from the second vent to the dehydrogenation pipe through the arrangement of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, thereby achieving full utilization of the active oxygen carriers in the dehydrogenation pipe.

[0022] (4) The present invention constructs a mathematical model to intelligently control the flow rate of the reflux pipe, thereby further improving the hydrogen removal effect of the tail gas treatment device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tail gas treatment system of the hydrogen energy power station proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the premixing tube proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen removal tube proposed in the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1-intake pipe, 2-premixing pipe, 21-first tube body, 22-first air inlet, 23-second air inlet, 24-first guide plate, 25-first filter plate, 26-second guide plate, 27-air outlet, 28-second filter plate, 29-first drainage pipe, 210-second drainage pipe, 3-first three-way valve, 4-dehydrogenation pipe, 41-first air vent, 42-first end cover, 43-first partition, 431-first through hole, 44-second air vent, 45-second tube body, 451-first cavity, 452-heating device, 453-second cavity, 454-third cavity, 46-second partition, 461-second through hole, 47-second end cover, 5-second pipeline, 6-second three-way valve, 7-third three-way valve, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-first pipeline, 10-reflux pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The present invention proposes an exhaust gas treatment system for a hydrogen energy power station, which includes a premixing tube 2 and a hydrogen removal tube 4.

[0029] The premixing tube 2 is connected to the air inlet tube 1 and is used for mixing the exhaust gas to be treated with the treated exhaust gas and the gas flowing back to the premixing tube.

[0030] The dehydrogenation pipe 4 is connected to the premixing pipe 2 and is used for dehydrogenating the mixed gas.

[0031] The dehydrogenation pipe 4 is connected to the second pipeline 5 and the first pipeline 9, the outlet end of the premixing pipe 2 is connected to the intake branch of the first three-way valve 3, and the two outlet branches of the first three-way valve 3 are respectively connected to the second pipeline 5 and the first pipeline 9. The first three-way valve 3 is used to control whether the premixing pipe 2 is connected to the second pipeline 5 or the first pipeline 9. When the premixing pipe 2 is connected to the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 5 serves as an exhaust pipe. When the premixing pipe 2 is connected to the second pipeline 5, the first pipeline 9 serves as an exhaust pipe. The second pipeline 5 and the first pipeline 9 are connected to the two intake branches of the second three-way valve 6 at one end away from the dehydrogenation pipe 4, and the outlet branch of the second three-way valve 6 is connected to the intake branch of the third three-way valve 7. The two outlet branches of the third three-way valve 7 are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe 8 and the reflux pipe 10, and the reflux pipe 10 is connected to the premixing pipe 2. The second three-way valve 6 is used to communicate with the first pipeline 9 or the second pipeline 5 as the exhaust pipe, and the proportion of the treated exhaust gas delivered to the exhaust pipe and the reflux pipe is controlled by the third three-way valve.

[0032] In order to realize intelligent control, gas flow sensors and temperature sensors are provided on the intake pipe 1 and the return pipe 10; hydrogen concentration sensors are provided on the pipeline between the second three-way valve 6 and the third three-way valve 7 and the intake pipe 1. They are used to measure the temperature and hydrogen concentration of the initial tail gas, the hydrogen concentration and temperature of the tail gas treated by the dehydrogenation pipe 4, and feed back the detection parameters to the control module. The control module calculates the flow of the return pipe through a mathematical model to ensure that the tail gas treatment device achieves the best dehydrogenation effect.

[0033] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2The premixing tube 2 includes a first tube body 21, one end of which is provided with a first air inlet 22 and a second air inlet 23, the first air inlet 22 is connected to the air inlet pipe 1, the second air inlet 23 is connected to the reflux pipe 10, the other end of the first tube body 21 is provided with an air outlet 27, the air outlet 27 is connected to the air inlet branch of the first three-way valve 3, and a first guide plate 24, a second guide tube 210, a first guide tube 29 and a second guide plate 26 are sequentially arranged in the first tube body 21 along the gas flow direction, the second guide tube 210 and the first guide plate 24 and the second guide plate 26 are distributed with a gap, one end of the first guide tube 29 extends into the second guide tube 210, and the other end of the first guide tube 29 passes through the second guide plate 26 and is connected with the air outlet 27.

[0034] Among them, the axis of the first drainage tube 29 coincides with the axis of the second drainage tube 210, and the outer diameter of the first drainage tube 29 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second drainage tube 210; the first guide plate 24, the second drainage tube 210 and the second guide plate 26 are all fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first tube body 21, the outer diameter of the second drainage tube 210 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first tube body 21, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the first guide plate 24.

[0035] The present application uses the first guide plate, the second guide plate, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe to form a vortex between the first guide plate and the second guide plate, thereby achieving sufficient mixing of the refluxed gas and the exhaust gas.

[0036] In addition, the first drainage pipe 29 of the present application is detachably provided with a first filter plate 25 and a second filter plate 28, and the first filter plate 25 and the second filter plate 28 are respectively located at both ends of the first drainage pipe 29. The first filter plate 25 and the second filter plate 28 can filter the tail gas before dehydrogenation to remove solid particles in the tail gas.

[0037] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The dehydrogenation tube 4 includes a second tube body 45, and the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 47 are detachably provided at both ends of the second tube body 45. A first partition 43 and a second partition 46 are respectively provided between the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 47 and the second tube body 45. A plurality of first through holes 431 and a second through holes 461 are respectively provided on the first partition 43 and the second partition 46. The first end cover 42 is connected to a first vent 41, and the first vent 41 is connected to the first pipeline 9. The second tube body 45 includes a first cavity 451 and a third cavity 454 which are arranged in sequence. The first cavity 451 and the third cavity 454 are filled with active oxygen carriers. The first through hole 431 is communicated with the first cavity 451, and the second through hole 461 is communicated with both the first cavity 451 and the third cavity 454. The third cavity 454 is also connected to a second vent 44, and the second vent 44 is connected to the second pipeline 5.

[0038] A second cavity 453 is further disposed between the first cavity 451 and the third cavity 454, and a heating device 452 is disposed in the second cavity 453. The heating device heats the active oxygen carriers in the first cavity and the third cavity to eliminate hydrogen in the tail gas.

[0039] The process of treating the tail gas of the hydrogen energy power station by the treatment device of the present invention is as follows: the tail gas is transported to the premixing tube through the air inlet pipe. In the initial stage, the first air vent is used as the air inlet and the second air vent is used as the air outlet. The tail gas transported by the premixing tube first enters the cavity surrounded by the first partition and the first end cover. The cavity is connected with the first cavity through the first through hole and is separated from the third cavity by the first partition. The tail gas enters the first cavity through the first through hole and then enters the third cavity through the second through hole. The second through hole on the second partition is connected with both the first cavity and the third cavity. The hydrogen in the tail gas is eliminated by the active oxygen carrier filled in the first cavity and the third cavity. After a period of treatment, the oxygen content of the active oxygen carrier in the third cavity is higher than the oxygen content of the active oxygen carrier in the first cavity. At this time, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve can be controlled to allow the tail gas to enter the dehydrogenation tube through the second air vent. After continuing to treat for a period of time, the active oxygen carrier in the first cavity and the third cavity is oxidized and regenerated.

[0040] The present invention measures the temperature and hydrogen concentration of the initial tail gas, and the hydrogen concentration and temperature of the tail gas after being treated by the dehydrogenation tube, and feeds back the detection parameters to the control module. The control module ensures that the tail gas treatment device achieves the best dehydrogenation effect by optimizing the design of the model.

[0041] Construct an optimization model and minimize the outlet concentration C2 of the hydrogen removal tube:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, v1 is the intake pipe flow rate; C1 is the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas transported by the intake pipe; T1 is the temperature of the exhaust gas transported by the intake pipe; V is the total volume of the active oxygen carrier in the first cavity and the second cavity; R is the gas constant; v2 is the return pipe flow rate; C2 is the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas transported by the return pipe; T2 is the temperature of the exhaust gas transported by the return pipe.

[0044] The present invention sets a threshold value for the hydrogen concentration in the treated exhaust gas. When the hydrogen concentration is greater than the threshold value, it indicates that the treated exhaust gas still does not meet the emission requirements, indicating that the active oxygen carrier needs to be replaced or the treatment device fails. At this time, the active oxygen carrier can be replaced. If the requirements cannot be met after replacement, the device can be repaired.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, and all shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tail gas treatment system for a hydrogen energy power station, characterized in that: include: A premixing pipe (2) connected to the air inlet pipe (1) for mixing gases; A dehydrogenation pipe (4), connected to the premixing pipe (2), and used for dehydrogenating the mixed gas; The dehydrogenation pipe (4) is connected to a second pipe (5) and a first pipe (9); the outlet end of the premixing pipe (2) is connected to an inlet branch of a first three-way valve (3); the two outlet branches of the first three-way valve (3) are respectively connected to the second pipe (5) and the first pipe (9); the ends of the second pipe (5) and the first pipe (9) away from the dehydrogenation pipe (4) are connected to two inlet branches of a second three-way valve (6); the outlet branch of the second three-way valve (6) is connected to an inlet branch of a third three-way valve (7); the two outlet branches of the third three-way valve (7) are respectively connected to an exhaust pipe (8) and a reflux pipe (10); and the reflux pipe (10) is connected to the premixing pipe (2).

2. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premixing tube (2) comprises a first tube body (21), one end of the first tube body (21) is provided with a first air inlet (22) and a second air inlet (23), the first air inlet (22) is connected to the air inlet pipe (1), the second air inlet (23) is connected to the return pipe (10), the other end of the first tube body (21) is provided with an air outlet (27), the air outlet (27) is connected to the air inlet branch of the first three-way valve (3), and the first tube body (2 1) A first guide plate (24), a second guide tube (210), a first guide tube (29) and a second guide plate (26) are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction; the second guide tube (210) is spaced apart from the first guide plate (24) and the second guide plate (26); one end of the first guide tube (29) extends into the second guide tube (210); the other end of the first guide tube (29) passes through the second guide plate (26) and is connected to the gas outlet (27).

3. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis of the first drainage tube (29) coincides with the axis of the second drainage tube (210), and the outer diameter of the first drainage tube (29) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second drainage tube (210).

4. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first guide plate (24), the second drainage tube (210) and the second guide plate (26) are all fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the first tube body (21); the outer diameter of the second drainage tube (210) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first tube body (21); and a through hole is opened in the middle of the first guide plate (24).

5. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first drainage tube (29) is detachably provided with a first filter plate (25) and a second filter plate (28), and the first filter plate (25) and the second filter plate (28) are respectively located at two ends of the first drainage tube (29).

6. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dehydrogenation tube (4) comprises a second tube body (45), and the first end cover (42) and the second end cover (47) are detachably provided at both ends of the second tube body (45), and a first partition plate (43) and a second partition plate (46) are respectively provided between the first end cover (42) and the second end cover (47) and the second tube body (45), and the first partition plate (43) and the second partition plate (46) are respectively provided with a plurality of first through holes (431) and a second through hole (461), and the first end cover (42) is connected to a first vent port (41), and the first vent port (41) is connected to the first vent port (41). The first pipeline (9) is connected, the second tube body (45) comprises a first cavity (451) and a third cavity (454) which are arranged in sequence, the first cavity (451) and the third cavity (454) are filled with active oxygen carriers, the first through hole (431) is connected to the first cavity (451), the second through hole (461) is connected to both the first cavity (451) and the third cavity (454), the third cavity (454) is also connected to a second vent (44), and the second vent (44) is connected to the second pipeline (5).

7. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second cavity (453) is further provided between the first cavity (451) and the third cavity (454), and a heating device (452) is provided in the second cavity (453).

8. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen concentration sensor is provided on the pipeline between the second three-way valve (6) and the third three-way valve (7) and the air intake pipe (1).

9. The tail gas treatment system of a hydrogen energy power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (1) and the return pipe (10) are both provided with a gas flow sensor and a temperature sensor.

Images