Material modification method and material modification device
By adjusting the pressure and temperature in the reaction chamber and adding a modifier under stirring conditions, the problem of low absorption of the modifier of the material to be modified is solved, the reaction rate and absorption rate are improved, the operation is simplified and the cost is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510183925.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the absorbance of the modifier by the material to be modified is poor, resulting in a lower reaction rate.
The pressure and temperature in the reaction chamber are adjusted so as to be higher than the saturated vapor pressure and melting point of the modifier but lower than the boiling point, and the modifier is added to the reaction chamber under stirring conditions to improve the absorption rate and reaction rate.
The absorption rate and reaction rate of the material to be modified to the modifier are increased, the contact area between the material to be modified is increased, the operation steps are simplified and the operating costs are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119838531A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of modification methods, and in particular to a material modification method and a material modification device. Background Art
[0002] In the prior art, during the reaction of the material to be modified (such as cast iron) and the modifier (such as spheroidizing agent), the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier is relatively poor. Therefore, how to improve the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier and make the material to be modified and the modifier have a higher reaction rate has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a material modification method and a material modification device, so as to improve the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier, and make the material to be modified and the modifier have a higher reaction rate.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0005] The present invention provides a material modification method, which comprises the following steps:
[0006] Step S1, adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber;
[0007] Step S2, adjusting and maintaining the pressure in the reaction chamber at a set pressure, and adjusting or maintaining the temperature in the reaction chamber within a set temperature range;
[0008] Step S3, adding a modifier into the reaction chamber;
[0009] Step S4, stirring the material to be modified and the modifier in the reaction chamber;
[0010] The set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure.
[0011] The present invention also provides a material modification device, which includes a reaction chamber, a regulating component and a detecting component;
[0012] The adjustment component comprises:
[0013] a first storage tank storing a medium, and a second storage tank storing the modifier;
[0014] A first pipeline, wherein the first pipeline is sequentially connected to the first storage tank, the second storage tank and the reaction chamber along a first direction, and the first direction is arranged from the first end of the first pipeline toward the second end of the first pipeline;
[0015] A valve group, the valve group comprising a first valve disposed between the first storage tank and the first pipeline, and a second valve disposed between the second storage tank and the first pipeline;
[0016] The detection assembly includes a second pressure gauge connected to the reaction chamber;
[0017] Wherein, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber, before the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber, the temperature in the reaction chamber is regulated or maintained within a set temperature range, and the regulating component regulates and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber at a set pressure; when the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber, the regulating component applies a first force greater than the set pressure to the modifier, and the first force is arranged toward the reaction chamber;
[0018] The lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure; the set pressure is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier at the set temperature after the required material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber; the medium, the material to be modified and the modifier are all set independently.
[0019] Preferably, the regulating assembly further comprises a relief valve connected to the reaction chamber; and / or, the first end of the first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber, and the first end of the first pipeline is located below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber; and / or, the first storage tank and the second storage tank are respectively connected to a first pressure gauge.
[0020] Preferably, the first pipeline includes a main pipeline, a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline, the first end of the main pipeline is connected to the first storage tank, the first valve is arranged between the main pipeline and the first storage tank, the second end of the main pipeline is respectively connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline and the first end of the second branch pipeline, the second end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber, the first branch pipeline is provided with a third valve, the second end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the entrance of the reaction chamber, the second branch pipeline is connected to the second storage tank, the second valve is arranged between the second branch pipeline and the second storage tank, and the second branch pipeline is provided with a spray valve;
[0021] Wherein, the inlet is located at the top of the reaction chamber and is arranged toward the lower part of the reaction chamber; and / or, the inlet is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber, and / or, the inlet is located at the side of the reaction chamber and is inclined relative to the reaction chamber, and the inlet is arranged toward the upper part of the reaction chamber; and / or, the extension direction of the inlet is tangent to the reaction chamber.
[0022] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the bottom of the reaction chamber is semicircular, and the bottom of the reaction chamber protrudes outward;
[0023] And / or, a sealing component is provided at a connection point between the first branch and the reaction chamber, and at a connection point between the second branch and the reaction chamber.
[0024] Preferably, the material modification device comprises a controller, and the second pressure gauge is connected to the controller signal;
[0025] After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier:
[0026] If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the second pressure gauge, that the pressure in the reaction chamber has not reached the set pressure, the controller adjusts and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber at the set pressure through the regulating component.
[0027] Preferably, the detection assembly further comprises an oxygen sensor, a temperature sensor and a temperature regulating unit connected to the reaction chamber; the oxygen sensor, the temperature sensor and the temperature regulating unit are all connected to the controller signal;
[0028] After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier:
[0029] If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, that the temperature in the reaction chamber has not reached the set temperature, the controller adjusts or maintains the temperature in the reaction chamber within the set temperature range through the temperature adjustment unit;
[0030] If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the oxygen sensor, that the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber has not reached the set value, the controller reduces the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber to the set value through the regulating component.
[0031] Preferably, the medium is an inert gas or nitrogen.
[0032] Preferably, the reaction chamber comprises a first refractory layer and a first shell which are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside; a bag opening is arranged at the upper part of the reaction chamber, a first flange is arranged outside the bag opening, the first flange comprises a first guide slope and a first sealing slope, a bag cover is arranged outside the first flange, the bag cover is provided with a second guide slope matched with the first guide slope, and a second sealing slope which can form a sealing pair with the first sealing slope;
[0033] A first cavity and a second refractory layer are sequentially arranged in the cover from top to bottom. The first cavity has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet. The cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are connected to a storage tank storing cooling medium through a circulation pipeline. A circulation pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline.
[0034] Preferably, the first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber through a spray gun, and the spray gun includes a spray rod and a third refractory layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The lower part of the spray rod is provided with an anti-backflow cover, and the longitudinal section of the anti-backflow cover is a trapezoid with a small upper part and a large lower part.
[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
[0036] The material modification method of the present invention comprises the following steps: step S1, adding a material to be modified into a reaction chamber; step S2, adjusting and maintaining the pressure in the reaction chamber at a set pressure, and adjusting or maintaining the temperature in the reaction chamber within a set temperature range; step S3, adding a modifier into the reaction chamber; step S4, stirring the material to be modified and the modifier in the reaction chamber; wherein the set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure, and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure.
[0037] After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier, the pressure in the reaction chamber is adjusted and maintained at a set pressure, and the set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber. This prevents the modifier from vaporizing after being added into the reaction chamber, and does not escape relative to the material to be modified, thereby increasing the amount of the modifier in contact with the material to be modified and improving the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier. At the same time, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier, the temperature in the reaction chamber is adjusted or maintained within a set temperature range, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier and lower than the boiling point of the modifier. Compared with the modifier in a solid state, this increases the contact area between the modifier and the material to be modified and improves the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier. Furthermore, after adding the material to be modified and the modifier into the reaction chamber, the material to be modified and the modifier are stirred, which improves the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a material modification device;
[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the package cover and the spray gun;
[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the package cover;
[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray gun;
[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the cover of the reaction chamber is omitted;
[0044] Among them, 1, reaction chamber; 2, base; 3, package mouth; 4, reinforcement; 5, first refractory layer; 6, first flange; 7, first sealing slope; 8, first guide slope; 9, package cover; 10, first storage tank; 11, first valve; 12, first pressure gauge; 13, third valve; 14, injection valve; 15, back pressure valve; 16, second storage tank; 17, second valve; 18, feeder; 19, second shell; 20, semicircular block; 21, The first sealing member; 22. the pressure cover; 23. the spray gun; 24. the second refractory layer; 25. the second sealing member; 26. the first cavity; 27. the sealing groove; 28. the cooling medium inlet; 29. the cooling medium outlet; 30. the air inlet pipe; 31. the center pipe; 32. the relief pipe; 33. the connecting pipe; 34. the relief valve; 35. the second pressure gauge; 36. the second flange; 37. the backflow prevention cover; 38. the third refractory layer; 39. the spray rod; 40. the third flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0047] like Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a material modification method, which includes the following steps: step S1, adding a material to be modified into a reaction chamber 1; step S2, adjusting and maintaining the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 at a set pressure, and adjusting or maintaining the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 within a set temperature range; step S3, adding a modifier into the reaction chamber 1; step S4, stirring the material to be modified and the modifier in the reaction chamber 1; wherein the set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber 1, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure, and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure.
[0048] After the material to be modified is added to the reaction chamber 1 and before the modifier is added, the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted and maintained at a set pressure, and the set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added to the reaction chamber 1. This prevents the modifier from vaporizing after being added to the reaction chamber 1, and does not escape relative to the material to be modified, thereby increasing the amount of the modifier in contact with the material to be modified and improving the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier. Moreover, since the modifier is not vaporized, the reaction process between the material to be modified and the modifier is relatively smooth, and the splashing and unnecessary loss of the material to be modified are avoided as much as possible. Moreover, since the modifier is not vaporized, there is no need to consider the side effect of the violent "explosive" vaporization of the modifier, and the need for passivation of the modifier is eliminated. The steps of pretreatment such as chemistry are omitted, which reduces the running cost and simplifies the operation steps; this enables the present invention to use a modifier with a larger particle size, eliminating the cost of modifier particle size processing; at the same time, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1 and before adding the modifier, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted or maintained within a set temperature range, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier and lower than the boiling point of the modifier. Compared with the modifier in a solid state, this increases the contact area between the modifier and the material to be modified, and improves the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier; furthermore, after adding the material to be modified and the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, the material to be modified and the modifier are stirred, which improves the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier.
[0049] Before step S1, the reaction chamber 1 is emptied. The evacuation process specifically refers to the discharge of oxygen and other impurities in the reaction chamber 1 that may consume the material to be modified and the modifier, as well as interfere with the reaction between the material to be modified and the modifier. Through the evacuation process, the consumption and interference of the modifier and the material to be modified by the oxygen and other impurities in the reaction chamber 1 are avoided, and the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier and the reaction rate between the material to be modified and the modifier are improved. When the reaction chamber 1 is evacuated, the medium can be transported into the reaction chamber 1 and the vent valve connected to the reaction chamber 1 is opened, so that the oxygen and other impurities in the reaction chamber 1 are "squeezed out" by the medium.
[0050] In addition, the present invention also provides a material modification device, which includes a reaction chamber 1, an adjustment component and a detection component; the adjustment component includes: a first storage tank 10 storing a medium, and a second storage tank 16 storing a modifier; a first pipeline, a first end of the first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber 1, and the first pipeline is sequentially connected to the first storage tank 10 and the second storage tank 16 along a first direction, and the first direction is from a direction away from the reaction chamber 1 to a direction close to the reaction chamber 1; a valve group, the valve group includes a first valve 11 arranged between the first storage tank 10 and the first pipeline, and a second valve 17 arranged between the second storage tank 16 and the first pipeline; the detection component includes a second pressure gauge connected to the reaction chamber 1;
[0051] Among them, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1, before the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, until the modification reaction is completed, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted or maintained within the set temperature range, and the regulating component adjusts and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 at the set pressure; when the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, the regulating component applies a first force greater than the set pressure to the modifier, and the first force is set toward the reaction chamber 1; the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure, and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure; the set pressure is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the required material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber 1; the medium, the material to be modified, and the modifier are all set independently.
[0052] Among them, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1, before the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted or maintained within the set temperature range, the lowest temperature in the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier and lower than the boiling point of the modifier, and until the modification reaction of the modifier and the material to be modified is completed, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted or maintained within the set temperature range. The temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is adjusted or maintained within the set temperature range, and this function can be ensured by a temperature regulating unit such as a heating device such as a heating wire to ensure that the temperature in the reaction chamber is within the set temperature range; or, a material to be modified with a sufficiently high temperature can be added into the reaction chamber 1, and the temperature of the material to be modified is sufficiently high: this allows the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 to be within the set temperature range before the reaction of the material to be modified and the modifier is completed.
[0053] If the reaction chamber 1 is an open reaction chamber 1, a top cover is provided on the reaction chamber 1, and the material to be modified can be added by opening the top cover; if the reaction chamber 1 is a closed reaction chamber 1, a feed port can be provided on the reaction chamber 1, and the material to be modified can be added through the feed port, but a corresponding cover plate and a seal must be provided at the feed port to ensure the sealing of the reaction chamber 1 during the reaction process. Corresponding pumps for conveying the medium and the modifier, such as a booster pump, can be provided on the main road, the first branch road, and the second branch road as needed; the first valve 11 and the second valve 17 can be booster valves.
[0054] After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1 and before adding the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, the operator adjusts and maintains the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 at the set temperature through the temperature adjustment unit according to the feedback of the temperature sensor. The temperature adjustment unit can be a heating wire arranged in the reaction chamber 1, and an air supply mechanism such as a fan or blower connected to the reaction chamber 1, or the temperature adjustment unit includes a coil sleeved outside the reaction chamber 1, and a heating medium or a cooling medium can flow through the coil to increase or decrease the temperature of the reaction chamber 1. The temperature adjustment unit is not limited to the coil.
[0055] After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1 and before adding the modifier into the reaction chamber 1, the operator adjusts and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 at the set pressure through the pressure regulating assembly according to the feedback of the second pressure gauge. Specifically, the first valve 11 is opened to allow the medium to enter the reaction chamber 1, thereby gradually increasing the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 until the set pressure is reached, and after the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 reaches the set pressure according to the feedback of the second pressure gauge, the first valve 11 is closed; wherein the volume of the reaction chamber 1 is large enough and / or the strength is large enough so that when the medium is input into the reaction chamber 1, the reaction chamber 1 will not explode or burst; or, a relief valve connected to the reaction chamber 1 can also be provided, and when it is found according to the feedback of the second pressure gauge that the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 is about to exceed the maximum pressure allowed by the reaction chamber 1, the relief valve is opened in time to release the pressure.
[0056] When the material to be modified required for the reaction is added into the reaction chamber 1, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 is within the set temperature range, and the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 reaches the set pressure, the first valve 11 and the second valve 17 are opened, and the medium pushes the modifier in the first pipeline to move toward the direction close to the reaction chamber 1, and because the medium can apply a first force greater than the set pressure to the modifier, the modifier can overcome the set pressure and smoothly enter the reaction chamber 1. After the modifier enters the reaction chamber 1, the second valve 17 is closed, and the first valve 11 is kept open, and the medium enters the reaction chamber 1 to stir the modifier and the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1, thereby increasing the contact area between the material to be modified and the modifier, and improving the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier.
[0057] The medium and the material to be modified and the modifier are set independently, which means that after the medium is added to the reaction chamber 1, the medium does not react with the material to be modified and the modifier, and will not destroy the original structure and performance of the material to be modified and the modifier, and the medium will not interfere with the reaction between the material to be modified and the modifier, will not reduce the reaction rate between the material to be modified and the modifier, and will not reduce the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier. For example, when the material to be modified is molten cast iron and the modifier is a spheroidizing agent, the medium can be an inert gas or nitrogen such as nitrogen that does not react with the molten cast iron and the spheroidizing agent, or, if there is a liquid that can meet the condition of "the medium and the material to be modified and the modifier are set independently", it can also be used as the medium in the present invention. It should be noted that the medium is not limited to nitrogen and inert gases, but no matter what kind of substance the medium is, the medium must meet the condition of "the medium and the material to be modified and the modifier are set independently".
[0058] Based on the above setting of the regulating component, the medium in the present invention achieves "three uses in one": ① pressure regulation; ② conveying the modifier; ③ stirring the material to be modified and the modifier, thereby eliminating the need for additional stirring components and medium conveying components, and reducing the manufacturing and operating costs of the material modification device. It should be noted that in the process of stirring the material to be modified and the modifier through the medium, the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 continues to increase due to the entry of the medium. It is necessary to release the pressure in time to avoid excessive pressure in the reaction chamber 1, which may cause the subsequent medium or modifier to be unable to be input into the reaction chamber 1.
[0059] Corresponding sealing structures, such as sealing rings, oil seals or sealants, need to be provided in the area where the modifier and the material to be modified are added to the reaction chamber 1, and at the connection between the reaction chamber 1 and the first pipeline, to ensure that the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 can be maintained at the set pressure after being adjusted to the set pressure.
[0060] And / or, the first end of the first pipeline in the present invention is located below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1; this allows the modifier entering the reaction chamber 1 to react immediately with the material to be modified, shortening the reaction time between the modifier and the material to be modified, and the modifier entering the reaction chamber 1 can directly enter between the materials to be modified, that is, the modifier is wrapped by the material to be modified, so that the outside of the modifier can contact with the material to be modified, increasing the effective contact area between the material to be modified and the modifier, and improving the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier, as well as the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier.
[0061] Furthermore, the first end of the first pipeline may not directly extend into the reaction chamber 1, but the first end of the first pipeline is connected to the first end of the spray gun, and the second end of the spray gun extends below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1. Specifically, the spray gun is arranged at the first end of the first pipeline, and the second end of the spray gun extends below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1, or the spray gun is omitted, and the first end of the first pipeline extends below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1, which depends on the specific working conditions.
[0062] And / or, the first storage tank 10 and the second storage tank 16 are respectively connected to the first pressure gauge 12, and the first pressure gauge 12 on the first storage tank 10 and the second storage tank 16 can be used to observe and adjust the status of the first storage tank 10 and the second storage tank 16 in time, and the first pressure gauge 12 can also be used to determine the approximate remaining amount of the medium in the first storage tank 10 and the modifier in the second storage tank 16.
[0063] The first pipeline includes a main pipeline, a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline. The first end of the main pipeline is connected to the first storage tank 10, and a first valve 11 is arranged between the main pipeline and the first storage tank 10. The second end of the main pipeline is respectively connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline and the first end of the second branch pipeline, and the second end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber 1. A third valve 13 is arranged on the first branch pipeline, and the second end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the inlet of the reaction chamber 1. The second branch pipeline is connected to the second storage tank 16, and a second valve 17 is arranged between the second branch pipeline and the second storage tank 16. A spray valve 14 is arranged on the second branch pipeline; wherein, the inlet pipeline is located at the top of the reaction chamber 1; and / or, the inlet pipeline is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1, and / or, the inlet pipeline is located at the side of the reaction chamber 1 and is inclined relative to the reaction chamber 1, and the inlet pipeline is arranged toward the upper part of the reaction chamber 1; and / or, the extension direction of the inlet pipeline is tangent to the reaction chamber 1.
[0064] The inlet can be set in various forms. For example, the inlet is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1. At this time, the medium (such as pressurized nitrogen) entering from the bottom can make the material to be modified and the modifier roll upward, and the material to be modified and the modifier can move downward under the action of gravity, which makes the material to be modified and the modifier realize up and down circulation under the action of the medium, thereby increasing the contact area between the material to be modified and the modifier, accelerating the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier, and the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier; or, the inlet is located at the side of the reaction chamber 1 and is inclined relative to the reaction chamber 1, and the inlet is set toward the upper part of the reaction chamber 1. At this time, the medium entering from the inlet will be in the material to be modified. Eddies are generated in the modified material and the modifier, and the eddies interact with the fluids in adjacent areas, gradually forming a large-scale circulating flow in the entire reaction chamber 1, thereby reducing the possible reaction dead zone of the material to be modified (the reaction dead zone refers to the area where it is difficult or impossible to contact and react with the modifier), increasing the contact area between the material to be modified and the modifier, and accelerating the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier; or, the extension direction of the inlet is tangent to the reaction chamber 1, so that after the medium enters the reaction chamber 1, it can move along the circumference of the reaction chamber 1, thereby generating a rotating airflow or eddy current, thereby driving the material to be modified and the modifier in the reaction chamber 1 to move, and accelerating the reaction rate of the material to be modified and the modifier.
[0065] The longitudinal section of the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 is semicircular, and the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 bulges outward; compared with the rectangular or cube-shaped reaction chamber 1, this eliminates the corners of the reaction chamber 1 where the shape changes sharply, making it less likely for the corners of the reaction chamber 1 to form a reaction dead zone, ensuring that the material to be modified has a higher absorption rate of the modifier; or, the reaction chamber 1 can also adopt other shapes such as a cylindrical reaction chamber 1 that can reduce the reaction dead zone and optimize the flow path of the material to be modified. And / or, the connection between the first branch and the reaction chamber 1, and the connection between the second branch and the reaction chamber 1 are both provided with a sealing component, which can be a sealing ring, an oil seal or a sealant.
[0066] The material modification device also includes a controller, an oxygen sensor, a second pressure gauge, a temperature sensor, and a temperature adjustment unit, all of which are connected to the controller signal; after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber 1 and before adding the modifier: if the controller determines that the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 does not reach the set temperature based on the feedback of the temperature sensor, the controller adjusts and maintains the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 at the set temperature through the temperature adjustment unit; if the controller determines that the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 does not reach the set pressure based on the feedback of the second pressure gauge, the controller adjusts and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 at the set pressure through the adjustment component: by opening the first valve 11 and the third valve The first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the vent valve 34 are opened to inject the medium in the first storage tank 10 into the reaction chamber 1, thereby increasing the pressure in the reaction chamber 1, and by opening the vent valve 34, part of the medium is released to reduce the pressure in the reaction chamber 1; if the controller determines that the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber 1 does not reach the set value based on the feedback from the oxygen sensor, the controller reduces the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber 1 to the set value through the regulating component. Specifically, when the controller determines that the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber 1 does not reach the set value based on the feedback from the oxygen sensor, the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the vent valve 34 are kept open, and the oxygen in the reaction chamber 1 is squeezed out by injecting the medium into the reaction chamber 1.
[0067] The oxygen sensor is not a necessary structure and may not be provided. The oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber 1 is reduced to the required concentration by controlling the opening degree and opening time of the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the relief valve 34.
[0068] Through the above arrangement, after the material to be modified is added to the reaction chamber 1 and before the modifier is added, the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 can reach the set temperature, ensuring that the modifier can smoothly change from solid to liquid or remain in liquid state after entering the reaction chamber 1, thereby ensuring that the modifier and the material to be modified have a larger contact area and a higher reaction rate. By adjusting the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber 1 to a set value (the set value is 0 or a lower concentration that does not interfere with the reaction of the modifier and the material to be modified), the modifier and the material to be modified will not react with oxygen, ensuring the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier. For example, when the modifier is elemental magnesium and the material to be modified is cast iron (molten iron), the oxygen in the reaction chamber 1 is discharged, and the reaction of oxygen and magnesium to form magnesium oxide is avoided as much as possible, so that cast iron has a higher absorption rate for magnesium. Similarly, other corresponding gas sensors can also be set to discharge impurities such as gas that may consume the modifier or the material to be modified in the reaction chamber 1 before adding the modifier or the material to be modified.
[0069] like Figure 1 , Figure 5As shown, the material modification device in the present invention includes a reaction chamber 1, a cover 9, a spray gun 23, a second storage tank 16, etc. A base 2 is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1, and the reaction chamber 1 is supported by the base 2, and the reaction chamber 1 is isolated from the ground to reduce the impact of the high temperature that may occur in the reaction chamber 1 on the surrounding environment. A plurality of reinforcing members 4 for improving the supporting strength of the base 2 are provided in the base 2, and the reinforcing members 4 can be specifically reinforcing ribs. The longitudinal section of the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 can be semicircular, which minimizes the problem of stress concentration caused by the sharp change in the shape of the bottom corners of the reaction chamber 1 of a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped, so that the reaction chamber 1 can withstand stronger pressure, but if the working conditions require, the reaction chamber 1 can also be set as a rectangular parallelepiped.
[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the reaction chamber 1 includes a first refractory layer 5 and a first shell which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first refractory layer 5 improves the high temperature resistance of the reaction chamber 1, so that the modification reaction that needs to be carried out under high temperature conditions can also be carried out smoothly in the reaction chamber 1 (such as the spheroidization treatment of molten iron and magnesium). The first shell can be made of steel structure or other materials, but it is necessary to ensure that the first shell has sufficient strength. A bag opening 3 is provided at the upper part of the reaction chamber 1, and a first flange 6 is provided on the outer sleeve of the bag opening 3. A first guiding slope 8 and a first sealing slope 7 are provided on the first flange 6. The first flange 6 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a small upper part and a large lower part. A second guiding slope that cooperates with the first guiding slope 8 and can form a guiding pair with the first guiding slope 8 (the guiding pair means that the setting of the second guiding slope enables the guiding function of the first guiding slope 8 to be smoothly exerted) is provided on the bag cover 9, and a second sealing slope that cooperates with the first sealing slope 7 and can form a sealing pair with the first sealing slope 7 (the sealing pair means that when the bag cover 9 is buckled on the first flange 6, the first sealing slope 7 and the second sealing slope can form a metal seal), cooperates with the lower part of the bag cover 9 to play a guiding role, so that the bag cover 9 can be quickly and accurately installed on the reaction chamber 1, or the first flange 6 may not be provided, and other structures with a guiding function may be used instead; the upper surface of the first flange 6 and the sealing part of the bag cover 9 are conical, which is used to prevent impurities such as slag from damaging the sealing of the bag cover 9 and the reaction chamber 1.
[0071] like Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, the cover 9 is a hollow upper and lower two-layer structure, and the upper and lower layers are connected and reinforced by ribs. A first cavity 26 is provided in the upper structure of the cover 9, and a cooling medium inlet 28 and a cooling medium outlet 29 connected to the first cavity 26 are provided on the upper structure of the cover 9. The cooling medium inlet 28 and the cooling medium outlet 29 are connected to the circulation pipeline, and a circulation pump and a storage tank storing cooling medium are provided on the circulation pipeline. A cooling unit such as an air conditioner, an industrial refrigerator, etc. is provided in the storage tank for reducing the cooling medium after absorbing heat to a set temperature. When the material modification device is working, the circulation pump circulates the cooling medium continuously in the first cavity 26 and the storage tank, and then takes away the heat emitted by the reaction chamber 1 in time, so as to prevent the heat emitted by the reaction chamber 1 from damaging the cover 9 and the surrounding environment.
[0072] The lower structure of the cladding 9 is provided with a second cavity, and the second cavity is filled with a second refractory layer 24. The heat released by the reaction chamber 1 is initially cooled by the second refractory layer 24, thereby enhancing the refractory property of the cladding 9; and the side of the lower layer of the cladding 9 close to the reaction chamber 1 is concave, which is convenient for adding the second refractory layer 24, while not expanding the volume of the cladding 9; the side of the upper layer of the cladding 9 away from the reaction chamber 1 is conical or arched, which makes the cladding 9 have a stronger pressure bearing capacity; the lower edge of the cladding 9 is inverted cone shape and matches the cladding opening 3 of the reaction chamber 1; the lower edge of the cladding 9 is provided with a sealing groove 27 for preventing the second sealing member 25 (the second sealing member 25 can be a sealing ring); the second sealing member 25 is located between the cladding 9 and the sealing inclined surface 7, and plays a sealing role in the connection between the cladding 9 and the reaction chamber 1. The cladding 9 includes a second shell 19, which can be a steel structure shell or other shells with sufficient strength.
[0073] The cover 9 is also provided with a relief pipe 32 which runs through the cover 9, and a relief valve 34 is connected to the reaction chamber 1 through the relief pipe 32; and a connecting pipe 33 which runs through the cover 9, and a second pressure gauge 35 is connected to the reaction chamber 1 through the connecting pipe 33, for detecting whether the pressure in the reaction chamber 1 reaches the set pressure.
[0074] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber 1 through the spray gun 23. The spray gun 23 includes a spray rod 39 and a third refractory layer 38 arranged from the inside to the outside. The third refractory layer 38 allows the spray rod 39 to work smoothly during the high-temperature reaction in the reaction chamber 1. The lower part of the spray rod 39 is provided with an anti-backflow shield 37. The longitudinal section of the anti-backflow shield 37 is a trapezoidal shape with a small upper part and a large lower part, which is used to prevent the backflow of the material to be modified, such as molten iron. The upper part of the spray rod 39 is provided with a third flange 40. Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a central tube 31 for the spray gun 23 to pass through is provided along the axial direction of the package cover 9, a second flange 36 is provided on the top of the central tube 31, a pair of semicircular blocks 20, a first sealing member 21 and a gland 22 (the first sealing member 21 can be a sealing ring) are provided in sequence above the second flange 36, and a through hole for the spray gun 23 to pass through is provided on the gland 22 and the first sealing member 21, and a third cavity is provided inwardly concave in the second flange 36, and a pair of semicircular blocks 20 are placed in the third cavity, and a concave inwardly concave The fourth cavity, the depth of the fourth cavity is the same as the thickness of the third flange 40, so that the gland 22, the first seal 21, and the double semicircular block 20 will be stuck in the third cavity under the action of the clamping bolts and other fasteners, the third flange 40 is located in the fourth cavity, the lower plane of the third flange 40 is flush with the lower plane of the gland 22, and the third flange 40 is in close contact with the first seal 21 to achieve the seal between the gland 22 and the spray gun 23, the fixation of the spray gun 23 on the package cover 9, and the seal between the spray gun 23 and the package cover 9. The first seal 21 can perfectly seal the gap between the two semicircular blocks 20, the gap between the semicircular block 20 and the third cavity of the second flange 36, and the gap between the gland 22 and the second flange 36. It can be seen from the above structure that the gland 22 and the spray gun 23 in the present invention have simple structures and stable and reliable sealing, so the present invention can achieve rapid replacement of the spray gun 23.
[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the first storage tank 10 storing the medium is connected to the first branch and the second branch through the main road respectively, the main road is provided with a first valve 11, the first branch is connected to the air inlet pipe 30 on the cover 9, the air inlet pipe 30 is connected to the reaction chamber 1, the first branch is provided with a third valve 13, the second branch is connected to the second storage tank 16, a second valve 17 and a feeder 18 (the feeder is a feeder in the prior art) are provided between the second storage tank 16 and the second branch, a spray valve 14 is provided on the second branch, and a back pressure valve 15 is provided between the second branch and the second storage tank 16. The back pressure valve 15 is used to prevent the medium from entering the second storage tank 16.
[0076] It should be noted that the material modification in the present invention includes changes in the metallographic structure morphology and distribution. For example, when the material to be modified is molten iron (molten cast iron) and the modifier is a spheroidizing agent, the material modification method in the present invention is essentially a spheroidizing process, and the material modification device is actually a spheroidizing device. The spheroidizing agent can be elemental magnesium, or silicon-iron rare earth magnesium alloy; when the material to be modified is molten iron and the modifier is elemental magnesium, because the set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of magnesium, the solubility of magnesium in molten iron is increased, the dissolution rate of magnesium is increased, and the reaction process of magnesium and molten iron is accelerated, so that molten iron with high residual magnesium can be obtained at a lower cost. The material to be modified in the present invention is a metal in a molten state, the material to be modified is a metal, and the modifier changes with the change of the type of the material to be modified. The material to be modified and the modifier include elemental metals or alloys. Among them, the material to be modified can be heated to a molten state by other heating equipment before being put into the reaction chamber, or the material to be modified can be squeezed into the reaction chamber and then heated by the heating equipment, and then the modified material is heated to a molten metal. The specific heating method and whether the material to be modified is heated to a molten state in the reaction chamber or heated to a molten state before being added to the reaction chamber depends on the working conditions.
[0077] It should be noted that no matter what combination of the material to be modified and the modifier is, the configuration of the material to be modified and the modifier should meet the following conditions: after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier, the pressure in the reaction chamber is adjusted to the set pressure, and the temperature of the reaction chamber is adjusted to the set temperature. Subsequently, after the modifier is added into the reaction chamber, the modifier can be converted from solid to liquid, or remain in liquid state after entering the reaction chamber. At the same time, the modifier will not vaporize after entering the reaction chamber, and this can increase the absorption rate of the material to be modified to the modifier.
[0078] The following table shows the comparison of the absorption rate of magnesium by cast iron using the material modification device or material modification method of the present invention when the modifier is elemental magnesium and the material to be modified is cast iron, and the absorption rate of magnesium by the spheroidization process in the prior art. The first three rows are the absorption rates of magnesium by the spheroidization process in the prior art, and the fourth row is the absorption rate of magnesium by cast iron using the material modification device or material modification method of the present invention.
[0079]
[0080] based on Figure 1 to Figure 5The material modification device shown, when the modifier is elemental magnesium and the material to be modified is cast iron, the process of using the material modification device of the present invention to carry out modification reaction, i.e., spheroidization treatment, includes: 1. Preparation: 1.1. Load molten iron to be spheroidized into the reaction chamber 1; 1.2. Open the injection air valve at a small angle (the initial state assumes that all valves are closed), and the medium such as nitrogen is discharged into the reaction chamber 1 from the bottom of the spray rod 39 through the feeder 18 and the spray gun 23 (the medium flow rate is based on ensuring that the molten iron does not flow back); 1.3. Align the ladle cover 9 with the reaction chamber 1, cover the reaction chamber 1 from top to bottom, and apply a force through the fastener or locking device to keep the ladle cover 9 and the ladle mouth 3 in a sealed state at all times; 1.4. Open the third valve 13 to make the pressure in the closed system composed of the ladle cover 9 and the reaction chamber 1 slightly greater than the saturated vapor pressure of metallic magnesium at the temperature of the molten iron in the ladle. 2. Spraying: 2.1. Open the spray valve 14 to a larger extent, close the third valve 13 at the same time or in sequence, start the feeder 18, and open the second valve 17; 2.2. Open the diffuser valve 34, and dynamically adjust its opening to ensure that the pressure P1 in the closed system composed of the cover 9 and the reaction chamber 1 is always slightly greater than the saturated vapor pressure P0 of the metal magnesium at the molten iron temperature in the reaction chamber 1 at this time, and at the same time control the spray pressure P2 of the medium entering the reaction chamber 1 through the air inlet pipe 30, so that P2 is always greater than the sum of P1 and the static pressure P3 of the molten iron at the bottom of the spray gun 23, that is, P2>P 1+P3; 2.3. When the predetermined amount of granular magnesium is discharged, close the second valve 17; 2.4. When the granular magnesium is completely melted and fully contacts with the molten iron under the stirring of the medium sprayed by the spray gun 23, and fully reacts with the spheroidizing harmful elements such as sulfur and oxygen in the molten iron, and is dissolved in the molten iron, reduce the opening of the spray valve 14 and completely open the diffuser valve 34. 3. End: 3.1. When the pressure in the closed system composed of the ladle cover 9 and the reaction chamber 1 drops to 1 atmosphere, open the ladle cover 9 and lift it up, and lift it out of the reaction chamber 1 together with the spray gun 23.
[0081] It should be noted that Figure 1 to Figure 5 The device shown in is only a specific implementation of the present invention, and the material modification device in the present invention is not limited thereto. The material modification device in the present invention may also be other structures that can meet the above functional limitations on the material modification device.
[0082] The structures mentioned in this article all have sufficient strength, hardness, fire resistance and other properties necessary to realize their respective functions. For example, the reaction chamber has sufficient high temperature resistance and strength to ensure that the material to be modified and the modifier can successfully complete the reaction in the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber will not melt, and the reaction chamber will not crack or leak during the pressure regulation process of the pressure regulating component. The booster pipeline has sufficient strength to transport the pressurized medium to ensure the smooth transportation of the pressurized medium, etc. Since there are many structures mentioned above, they will not be described one by one here.
[0083] In this article, "and / or" means that in the same sentence, the text content before and / or and the text content after and / or can exist at the same time or separately. For example, "A and / or B" includes three situations: A and B exist at the same time, and A or B exists alone. The meaning of and / or is the same as that of and / or, which will not be repeated here.
[0084] The present invention discloses multiple technical solutions, but does not provide any contrary technical inspiration.
[0085] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A material modification method, characterized in that: The material modification method comprises the following steps: Step S1, adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber; Step S2, adjusting and maintaining the pressure in the reaction chamber at a set pressure, and adjusting or maintaining the temperature in the reaction chamber within a set temperature range; Step S3, adding a modifier into the reaction chamber; Step S4, stirring the material to be modified and the modifier in the reaction chamber; The set pressure is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier after the material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber, and the lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure.
2. A material modification device, characterized in that: The material modification device includes a reaction chamber, an adjustment component and a detection component; The adjustment component comprises: a first storage tank storing a medium, and a second storage tank storing the modifier; A first pipeline, wherein the first pipeline is sequentially connected to the first storage tank, the second storage tank and the reaction chamber along a first direction, and the first direction is arranged from the first end of the first pipeline toward the second end of the first pipeline; a valve group, the valve group comprising a first valve disposed between the first storage tank and the first pipeline, and a second valve disposed between the second storage tank and the first pipeline; The detection assembly includes a second pressure gauge connected to the reaction chamber; Wherein, after adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber, before the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber, the temperature in the reaction chamber is regulated or maintained within a set temperature range, and the regulating component regulates and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber at a set pressure; when the regulating component adds the modifier into the reaction chamber, the regulating component applies a first force greater than the set pressure to the modifier, and the first force is set toward the reaction chamber; The lowest temperature within the set temperature range is higher than the melting point of the modifier at the set pressure and lower than the boiling point of the modifier at the set pressure; the set pressure is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the modifier at the set temperature after the required material to be modified is added into the reaction chamber; the medium, the material to be modified and the modifier are all set independently.
3. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating assembly also includes a relief valve connected to the reaction chamber; and / or, the first end of the first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber, and the first end of the first pipeline is located below the interface of the material to be modified in the reaction chamber; and / or, the first storage tank and the second storage tank are respectively connected to a first pressure gauge.
4. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipeline includes a main pipeline, a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline. The first end of the main pipeline is connected to the first storage tank, the first valve is provided between the main pipeline and the first storage tank, the second end of the main pipeline is respectively connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline and the first end of the second branch pipeline, the second end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber, the first branch pipeline is provided with a third valve, the second end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the entrance of the reaction chamber, the second branch pipeline is connected to the second storage tank, the second valve is provided between the second branch pipeline and the second storage tank, and the second branch pipeline is provided with a spray valve; Wherein, the inlet is located at the top of the reaction chamber and is arranged toward the lower part of the reaction chamber; and / or, the inlet is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber, and / or, the inlet is located at the side of the reaction chamber and is inclined relative to the reaction chamber, and the inlet is arranged toward the upper part of the reaction chamber; and / or, the extension direction of the inlet is tangent to the reaction chamber.
5. The material modification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the bottom of the reaction chamber is semicircular, and the bottom of the reaction chamber protrudes outward; And / or, a sealing component is provided at a connection point between the first branch and the reaction chamber, and at a connection point between the second branch and the reaction chamber.
6. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material modification device includes a controller, and the second pressure gauge is connected to the controller signal; After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier: If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the second pressure gauge, that the pressure in the reaction chamber has not reached the set pressure, the controller adjusts and maintains the pressure in the reaction chamber at the set pressure through the regulating component.
7. The material modification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection assembly further comprises an oxygen sensor, a temperature sensor and a temperature adjustment unit connected to the reaction chamber; the oxygen sensor, the temperature sensor and the temperature adjustment unit are all connected to the controller signal; After adding the material to be modified into the reaction chamber and before adding the modifier: If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, that the temperature in the reaction chamber has not reached the set temperature, the controller adjusts or maintains the temperature in the reaction chamber within the set temperature range through the temperature adjustment unit; If the controller determines, based on the feedback from the oxygen sensor, that the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber has not reached the set value, the controller reduces the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber to the set value through the regulating component.
8. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The medium is an inert gas or nitrogen.
9. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction chamber comprises a first refractory layer and a first shell which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; a bag opening is arranged at the upper part of the reaction chamber, a first flange is arranged outside the bag opening, the first flange comprises a first guide slope and a first sealing slope, a bag cover is arranged outside the first flange, the bag cover is provided with a second guide slope matched with the first guide slope, and a second sealing slope which can form a sealing pair with the first sealing slope; A first cavity and a second refractory layer are sequentially arranged in the cover from top to bottom. The first cavity has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet. The cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are connected to a storage tank storing cooling medium through a circulation pipeline. A circulation pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline.
10. The material modification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipeline is connected to the reaction chamber through a spray gun, and the spray gun includes a spray rod and a third refractory layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The lower part of the spray rod is provided with an anti-backflow cover, and the longitudinal section of the anti-backflow cover is a trapezoid with a small upper part and a large lower part.