Fine coal dense medium separation device and separation method

Abstract

The fine coal dense medium separation device comprises a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a clean coal collecting unit, a separation unit, a spraying unit and a gangue collecting unit, the stirring unit comprises a hollow shaft, stirring blades and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the hollow shaft; the multiple stirring blades are installed at the position, close to the bottom, of the hollow shaft at intervals, the end, away from the stirring blades, of the hollow shaft is rotationally connected with the feeding unit, the clean coal collecting unit is of a hollow cylindrical structure with the top open and the bottom inclined, and the hollow shaft downwards penetrates through the clean coal collecting unit and then extends to the sorting unit. The spraying unit is arranged at the position, close to the bottom, of the sorting unit, a spraying opening is formed in the top of the spraying unit, and the gangue collecting unit is used for collecting and discharging gangue. The height of the separation unit composed of the overflow section cylinder, the separation section cylinder and the underflow section cylinder is adjustable, the fine coal sedimentation and layering separation time is prolonged, and the separation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fine coal separation, and in particular to a fine coal heavy medium separation device and a separation method. Background Art

[0002] The western part of my country is rich in thermal coal resources and has large reserves; however, most of the coal is of low metamorphic degree and is easily muddy when exposed to water. Traditional thermal coal preparation plants use +13mm lump coal jigging or heavy medium shallow trough separation of lump coal, with a separation lower limit of 13mm, and -13mm particle size is sold as fine coal products. The products are single, with low added value and poor economic benefits. At present, most thermal coal preparation plants use heavy medium cyclones to separate fine coal; the fine coal is separated into particles under the enhanced centrifugal field of the heavy medium cyclone. Although the separation accuracy and separation effect are good, the secondary coal slime is large and the coal slime water content is high during the production process. The shortcomings of complex and difficult system processing and high sorting cost have not been effectively solved. A few coal preparation plants use heavy medium shallow trough separators to try to reduce the lower limit of coal sorting particle size to 10mm or 8mm. However, shallow trough heavy medium separators use the Archimedes principle to achieve sorting in a static field. Due to the small trough height and unstable particle sorting environment, there are constraints such as short vertical movement path of fine-grained particles, insufficient sorting time, low processing volume and poor sorting effect. Therefore, research and development of fine-grained heavy medium separators with good sorting effect, less secondary coal slime and low sorting cost are required. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a fine-grained coal heavy medium sorting device and a sorting method. The sorting unit of the present invention comprises an overflow section cylinder, a sorting section cylinder and an underflow section cylinder. The height of the sorting unit composed of the overflow section cylinder, the sorting section cylinder and the underflow section cylinder is adjustable, which prolongs the sedimentation and stratification separation time of the fine-grained coal and improves the sorting effect.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fine-grained coal heavy medium sorting device, comprising a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a clean coal collecting unit, a sorting unit, a spray unit and a gangue collecting unit, the stirring unit comprising a hollow shaft, a stirring blade and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the hollow shaft for driving the hollow shaft to rotate, the number of the stirring blades is multiple, and the multiple stirring blades are installed at intervals near the bottom of the hollow shaft, the end of the hollow shaft away from the stirring blade is rotatably connected to the feeding unit, the clean coal collecting unit is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top and an inclined bottom, the sorting unit and the gangue collecting unit are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the clean coal collecting unit from top to bottom, the end of the hollow shaft close to the stirring blade passes downward through the clean coal collecting unit and then extends to the sorting unit for discharging and stirring the materials in the sorting unit, the spray unit is arranged near the bottom of the sorting unit, the top of the spray unit is provided with a spray port for spraying the suspension medium upward, and the gangue collecting unit is used to collect and discharge gangue.

[0005] Preferably, the feeding unit comprises a feeding bucket and a feeding pipe, the feeding bucket is an inverted cone structure, and the outlet of the feeding bucket is connected to the inlet of the feeding pipe to facilitate the delivery of fine coal into the feeding pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a transmission belt and a pulley, the pulley is installed at the end of the hollow shaft close to the feeding pipe, the driving motor is arranged on one side of the pulley, and the driving motor and the pulley are connected by a transmission belt to drive the pulley to rotate.

[0007] Preferably, the clean coal collection unit includes an overflow trough and an overflow pipe, the bottom slope of the overflow trough is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port of the overflow trough is connected to the feed port of the sorting unit, and the overflow pipe is arranged on the side wall of the overflow trough near the bottom to facilitate the transportation of the overflow clean coal in the overflow trough into the clean coal bucket.

[0008] Preferably, the sorting unit includes an overflow section cylinder, a sorting section cylinder and an underflow section cylinder, the top of the overflow section cylinder is connected to the bottom surface of the clean coal collection unit, the top of the sorting section cylinder is connected to the bottom of the overflow section cylinder through a flange, and the bottom of the sorting section cylinder is connected to the top of the underflow section cylinder through a flange.

[0009] Preferably, the spray unit includes a pipe cap, a branch pipe and an L-shaped elbow, the pipe cap is installed on the top of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow and is connected to the L-shaped elbow, the branch pipes are multiple and have the same length, the multiple branch pipes are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow, each of the branch pipes is respectively connected to the L-shaped elbow and the inner wall of the sorting unit at both ends along the length direction, each of the branch pipes is connected to the L-shaped elbow, the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow coincides with the central axis of the sorting unit, the lateral end of the L-shaped elbow extends horizontally to the outside of the sorting unit, and the pipe cap is away from the side of the L-shaped elbow and the branch pipe is evenly spaced along the length direction. Spray ports are used to spray the suspension medium upward.

[0010] Preferably, the gangue collecting unit includes an underflow pipe and a gangue collecting barrel, the top of the underflow pipe is connected to the bottom of the sorting unit through a flange, the gangue collecting barrel includes an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the outer barrel is a cylindrical structure with an open top, the inner barrel is a conical structure and is clamped on the outer barrel, a distance is left between the bottom of the inner barrel and the bottom of the outer barrel, the top of the inner barrel and the top of the outer barrel are at the same height, and the side walls and bottom of the inner barrel are spaced apart by a plurality of sieve holes.

[0011] Preferably, the angle between the side wall of the inner barrel and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a fine-grained coal heavy medium separation method using a fine-grained coal heavy medium separation device, and the fine-grained coal heavy medium separation method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: the underflow pipe is closed, the suspension medium is pumped into the spray unit through the water supply unit, the suspension medium enters the sorting unit through the spray unit so that the sorting unit is filled with the suspension medium, and the underflow pipe is intermittently opened and closed;

[0014] Step S2: starting the driving motor, which drives the hollow shaft and the stirring blades to rotate at the same speed, and the stirring blades fully stir the suspension medium in the separation unit;

[0015] Step S3: pump the fine coal into the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the hollow shaft along the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the sorting unit along the hollow shaft, and the fine coal is sorted under the action of the stirring blades and the spray unit;

[0016] Step S4: The low-density particles sorted based on step S3 become overflow clean coal, and the high-density particles become underflow. The overflow clean coal enters the clean coal collection unit, and the underflow enters the gangue collection unit.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The sorting unit of the present invention comprises an overflow section cylinder, a sorting section cylinder and an underflow section cylinder. The height of the sorting unit composed of the overflow section cylinder, the sorting section cylinder and the underflow section cylinder is adjustable, which prolongs the sedimentation and stratification separation time of fine coal and improves the sorting effect.

[0019] 2. The stirring unit of the present invention adopts a rotatable hollow shaft to transport fine-grained coal materials, so that the fine-grained coal materials have an initial swirl velocity when entering the sorting unit. The fine-grained coal materials with an initial swirl velocity can produce a preliminary separation effect on the fine-grained coal, thereby enhancing the sorting effect and improving the sorting accuracy.

[0020] 3. The spray unit of the present invention is arranged at the bottom flow section cylinder. The spray unit includes a pipe cap, a branch pipe and an L-shaped elbow pipe. The pipe cap and the branch pipe are both provided with spray ports. The vertical end of the L-shaped elbow pipe overlaps with the central axis of the bottom flow section cylinder. The suspension medium is sprayed upward into the sorting unit from the spray port. The upward impact force of the suspension medium shortens the overflow time of the low-density fine coal and improves the sorting efficiency.

[0021] 4. The clean coal collection unit of the present invention includes an overflow trough and an overflow pipe. The bottom surface of the overflow trough is an inclined surface, which facilitates the low-density fine coal overflowing into the overflow trough to flow along the inclined surface of the overflow trough to the overflow pipe, thereby avoiding material precipitation and clogging the overflow trough.

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring unit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spray unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gangue collection unit of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1—Hollow shaft; 2—Stirring blades; 3—Feeding barrel;

[0029] 4—feeding pipe; 5—driving motor; 6—driving belt;

[0030] 7—pulley; 8—overflow trough; 9—overflow pipe;

[0031] 10—overflow pipe cylinder; 11—sorting section cylinder; 12—underflow section cylinder;

[0032] 13—pipe cap; 14—branch pipe; 15—L-shaped elbow;

[0033] 16—underflow pipe; 17—gangue collecting bucket; 18—outer bucket;

[0034] 19—inner barrel; 20—sieve hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention includes a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a clean coal collecting unit, a sorting unit, a spray unit and a gangue collecting unit. The stirring unit includes a hollow shaft 1, a stirring blade 2 and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the hollow shaft 1 for driving the hollow shaft 1 to rotate. There are multiple stirring blades 2, and the multiple stirring blades 2 are installed at intervals near the bottom of the hollow shaft 1. The end of the hollow shaft 1 away from the stirring blade 2 is rotatably connected to the feeding unit. The clean coal collecting unit is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top and an inclined bottom. The sorting unit and the gangue collecting unit are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the clean coal collecting unit from top to bottom. The end of the hollow shaft 1 close to the stirring blade 2 passes downward through the clean coal collecting unit and then extends to the sorting unit for discharging and stirring the materials in the sorting unit. The spray unit is arranged near the bottom of the sorting unit. The top of the spray unit is provided with a spray port for spraying the suspension medium upward. The gangue collecting unit is used to collect and discharge gangue.

[0036] Exemplarily, the hollow shaft 1 is a hollow pipe with a hollow interior and openings at both ends. A plurality of blade clamping holes are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the hollow shaft 1 near the bottom. The stirring blades 2 are detachably installed in the blade clamping holes. The end of the hollow shaft 1 away from the blade clamping hole is rotatably connected to the feeding unit through a rotating bearing, and the hollow shaft 1 can be adjusted upward or downward along the feeding unit to adjust the connection position with the feeding unit to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the stirring blade 2 in the sorting unit. The end of the hollow shaft 1 near the blade clamping hole passes through the clean coal collecting unit and extends downward into the sorting unit. The spray unit is located on the lower side of the hollow shaft 1. The spray unit is connected to the sorting unit and sprays the suspension medium evenly upward. The stirring blades 2 are located in the sorting unit. The driving mechanism drives the hollow shaft 1 to rotate. The rotation of shaft 1 causes the stirring blade 2 to rotate synchronously, and the stirring blade 2 stirs the fine coal in the sorting unit to fully disperse the fine coal entering the sorting unit, preventing the high-density particle group from entraining the low-density particles and the low-density particle group from entraining the high-density particles. The stirring blade 2 also makes the suspension medium in the sorting unit evenly distributed, which is convenient for the suspension medium in the sorting unit to be fully mixed with the fine coal, thereby improving the sorting accuracy; at the same time, the spray unit located on the lower side of the hollow shaft 1 continuously sprays the suspension medium upwards, and the impact force of the upward movement of the suspension medium accelerates the fine coal sorting process while pushing the sorted low-density particles upwards, thereby improving the sorting efficiency, and the low-density particles overflow upwards to the clean coal collection unit, and the high-density particles settle downwards to the gangue collection unit.

[0037] The end of the hollow shaft 1 connected to the feeding unit is the feeding port, and the end of the hollow shaft 1 away from the feeding unit is the discharging port. The height of the discharging port of the hollow shaft 1 in the sorting unit is adjustable. The height of the connection position of the hollow shaft 1 and the feeding unit is adjusted according to the feeding amount of fine coal. Based on the feeding amount of fine coal in the feeding unit, the hollow shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the feeding unit through a rotating bearing. The discharging port of the hollow shaft 1 is located in the sorting unit, which is convenient for conveying fine coal to the sorting unit while stirring the fine coal and suspension medium in the sorting unit, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and sorting accuracy. If the feeding amount of fine coal in the feeding unit increases, the hollow shaft 1 and the feeding unit are connected. The connection position of is adjusted upward along the height direction of the feeding unit, so that the height of the discharge port of the hollow shaft 1 in the sorting unit is increased, so that the fine-grained coal has enough space in the sorting unit for loose stratification, that is, the sedimentation and dispersion stratification time of the fine-grained coal particles is extended, thereby ensuring the sorting efficiency and sorting accuracy of the fine-grained coal; if the fine-grained coal feed amount of the feeding unit is reduced, the connection position of the hollow shaft 1 and the feeding unit is adjusted downward along the height direction of the feeding unit, so that the height of the discharge port of the hollow shaft 1 in the sorting unit is decreased, thereby reducing the sorting space of the fine-grained coal accordingly, avoiding the sorting space being too long, resulting in mismatch between the clean coal particles and the gangue particles, and reducing the sorting accuracy.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the stirring unit of the present invention adopts a rotatable hollow shaft 1 to convey fine-grained coal materials, so that the fine-grained coal materials have an initial swirl velocity when entering the sorting unit, and the fine-grained coal materials with the initial swirl velocity can produce a preliminary separation effect on the fine-grained coal, thereby enhancing the sorting effect and accelerating the sorting process; during the sorting process of the present invention, the stirring blades 2 work continuously, and the stirring blades 2 throw the suspension medium and the fine-grained coal materials toward the inner wall of the sorting unit, thereby reducing the side wall effect during the sorting process and fully dispersing the fine-grained coal materials, thereby improving the sorting accuracy; the spray unit of the present invention sprays the suspension medium vertically upward, and the upward impact force of the suspension medium shortens the sorting time of the fine-grained coal, while conveying the sorted fine coal particles upward, thereby improving the sorting efficiency.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding unit includes a feeding bucket 3 and a feeding pipe 4. The feeding bucket 3 is an inverted cone structure. The discharge port of the feeding bucket 3 is connected to the inlet of the feeding pipe 4 to facilitate the delivery of fine coal into the feeding pipe 4.

[0040] In order to reduce the adhesion and accumulation of fine coal materials on the feeding barrel 3, the feeding barrel 3 is set to an inverted cone structure, and the fine coal materials slide downward along the feeding barrel 3 into the feed pipe 4. The feed pipe 4 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 1 through a rotating bearing, and the feeding barrel 3 is firmly supported by a supporting device.

[0041] Furthermore, there are multiple feeding barrels 3, which are connected in parallel. Each feeding barrel 3 is connected to the feed pipe 4 through a pipeline. A valve is installed on the pipeline connecting each feeding barrel 3 and the feed pipe 4. The number of feeding barrels 3 to be used is determined based on the amount of fine coal feed. One of the multiple feeding barrels 3 is used as a common feeding barrel, and two are used as spare feeding barrels. This is convenient for use when the fine coal feed amount increases or the common feeding barrel is abnormal. The valve on the pipeline connecting the spare feeding barrel 3 and the feed pipe 4 is opened.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 5, a transmission belt 6 and a pulley 7. The pulley 7 is installed at the end of the hollow shaft 1 close to the feed pipe 4. The driving motor 5 is arranged on one side of the pulley 7. The driving motor 5 and the pulley 7 are connected by the transmission belt 6 to drive the pulley 7 to rotate.

[0043] In this embodiment, the driving motor 5 is installed on the top of the supporting frame, the supporting frame is located on one side of the sorting device, the height of the supporting frame is adjustable and the top is horizontal, the output shaft of the driving motor 5 and the pulley 7 are located at the same height, the output shaft of the driving motor 5 and the pulley 7 are connected by a transmission belt 6, and the pulley 7 is fixedly installed on the end of the hollow shaft 1 close to the feeding pipe 4; start the driving motor 5, the output shaft of the driving motor 5 drives the pulley 7 to rotate synchronously, and the pulley 7 drives the hollow shaft 1 to rotate synchronously, and the fine coal in the hollow shaft 1 spirally descends along the inner wall of the hollow shaft 1 while the hollow shaft 1 rotates. The fine coal has an initial velocity when entering the sorting unit, and the stirring blades 2 at the lower part of the hollow shaft 1 rotate synchronously with the rotation of the hollow shaft 1. The stirring blades 2 stir the fine coal and the suspension medium in the sorting unit to avoid material aggregation, so that the fine coal is evenly dispersed in the suspension medium, reducing the entrainment of fine coal particles and improving the sorting accuracy; the speed of the drive motor 5 is adjusted within the range of 10-30 rpm. When the fine coal feed amount increases, the speed of the drive motor 5 is increased to avoid fine coal material aggregation; when the fine coal feed amount decreases, the speed of the drive motor 5 is reduced to reduce energy output.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the clean coal collection unit includes an overflow trough 8 and an overflow pipe 9. An overflow port is provided on the bottom slope of the overflow trough 8. The overflow port of the overflow trough 8 is connected to the feed port of the sorting unit. The overflow pipe 9 is arranged on the side wall of the overflow trough 8 near the bottom to facilitate the transportation of the overflow clean coal in the overflow trough 8 to the clean coal bucket.

[0045] In this embodiment, the overflow trough 8 is a cylindrical structure, the top of the overflow trough 8 is open, the bottom of the overflow trough 8 is at an angle to the horizontal plane, an overflow port is provided at the bottom center of the overflow trough 8, the end of the hollow shaft 1 away from the pulley 7 passes downward through the overflow port of the overflow trough 8 and enters the sorting unit, the stirring blade 2 stirs in the sorting unit to evenly disperse the fine coal particles in the suspension medium, and the low-density particles overflow from the overflow port of the overflow trough 8 to the overflow trough 8 under the disturbance generated by the stirring blade 2 and the upward impact force of the spray unit. In the flow trough 8, the low-density particles overflowing into the overflow trough 8 flow out from the overflow pipe 9 along the bottom slope of the overflow trough 8 and are sent into the clean coal bucket; the slope setting at the bottom of the overflow trough 8 improves the fluidity of the overflow material, making it easier for the overflow material to flow into the clean coal bucket along the overflow trough 8; the hollow shaft 1 passes downward through the overflow hole of the overflow trough 8, and the hollow shaft 1 rotates continuously during the sorting process, which stirs the overflow material in the overflow trough 8, thereby avoiding the sedimentation of the overflow material in the overflow trough 8 and improving the discharge efficiency of the overflow material.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, the sorting unit includes an overflow section cylinder 10, a sorting section cylinder 11 and an underflow section cylinder 12. The top of the overflow section cylinder 10 is connected to the bottom surface of the clean coal collecting unit, the top of the sorting section cylinder 11 is connected to the bottom of the overflow section cylinder 10 through a flange, and the bottom of the sorting section cylinder 11 is connected to the top of the underflow section cylinder 12 through a flange.

[0047] In this embodiment, the number of overflow section cylinders 10 is one, the number of sorting section cylinders 11 is two, and the number of underflow section cylinders 12 is one. From top to bottom, they are the overflow section cylinder 10, the first sorting section cylinder 11, the second sorting section cylinder 11, and the underflow section cylinder 12. The discharge port at the bottom of the hollow shaft 1 is located at the connection between the first sorting section cylinder 11 and the second sorting section cylinder 11. Based on the increase or decrease of the fine coal feed amount, the hollow shaft 1 can be The discharge port is adjusted to be located in the first sorting section cylinder 11 or the second sorting section cylinder 11, and the fine coal is thrown out from the discharge port of the hollow shaft 1 and moves toward the inner wall of the sorting section cylinder 11, and the stirring blade 2 at the lower part of the hollow shaft 1 continuously stirs the fine coal and the suspension medium in the sorting unit under the rotation of the hollow shaft 1, and the fine coal and the suspension medium are fully contacted for sorting. The two sorting section cylinders 11 prolong the sedimentation and stratified separation time of the fine coal, thereby improving the sorting effect.

[0048] Furthermore, the number of sorting section cylinders 11 is adjustable. The number of sorting section cylinders 11 is determined based on the content of fine coal to be sorted. For fine coal with a particle size range of 6-3mm, if the fine coal content increases, the number of sorting section cylinders 11 is increased to increase the height of the sorting unit, so that the fine coal has enough space for loose stratification in the sorting unit, that is, the sedimentation and stratification separation time of the fine coal in the sorting unit is extended, thereby improving the sorting effect of the fine coal; if the fine coal content decreases, the number of sorting section cylinders 11 is reduced accordingly to reduce the height of the sorting unit, that is, reduce the sorting space for fine coal, avoid mismatching of clean coal particles and gangue particles due to too long sorting space, and reduce the sorting effect.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the spray unit includes a pipe cap 13, a branch pipe 14 and an L-shaped elbow 15. The pipe cap 13 is installed on the top of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15 and is connected to the L-shaped elbow 15. The number of branch pipes 14 is multiple and the length is the same. The multiple branch pipes 14 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15. The two ends of each branch pipe 14 along the length direction are respectively connected to the L-shaped elbow 15 and the inner side wall of the sorting unit. Each branch pipe 14 is connected to the L-shaped elbow 15. The vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15 coincides with the central axis of the sorting unit, and the lateral end of the L-shaped elbow 15 extends horizontally to the outside of the sorting unit. The pipe cap 13 is away from the side of the L-shaped elbow 15 and the branch pipe 14 are evenly spaced along the length direction. Spray ports are used to spray the suspension medium upward.

[0050] In this embodiment, the pipe cap 13 is an inverted cone structure, and the side wall and the top of the pipe cap 13 are evenly spaced with spray ports. The large-diameter end of the pipe cap 13 is connected to the water outlet of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15. The central axis of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15 overlaps with the central axis of the bottom flow section cylinder 12, which is convenient for the uniform distribution of the suspension medium. The number of branch pipes 14 is 8, and the lengths and apertures of the 8 branch pipes 14 are the same. The top of the vertical end of the L-shaped elbow 15 is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. Eight through holes are provided at intervals, and the diameter of the through hole matches the diameter of the branch pipe 14, so that the end of the branch pipe 14 along the length direction is connected to the side wall of the through hole, so that the branch pipe 14 is connected to the L-shaped elbow 15. The end of the branch pipe 14 away from the through hole is closed and connected to the inner side wall of the bottom flow section cylinder 12, so that the central axis of the L-shaped elbow 15 overlaps with the central axis of the bottom flow section cylinder 12. The branch pipe 14 is provided with multiple spray ports at equal intervals along the length direction, and the multiple spray ports are located on the branch pipe 1 The side away from the transverse end of the L-shaped bend 15 is convenient for the branch pipe 14 to spray the suspension medium upward through the spray port. The transverse end of the L-shaped bend 15 extends out of the side wall of the bottom flow section cylinder 12 and is connected to the water supply unit. The water supply unit pumps the suspension medium into the L-shaped bend 15. At this time, the gangue collection unit is closed, and the suspension medium is transported along the L-shaped bend 15 to the pipe cap 13 and the branch pipe 14 and sprays the suspension upward along the spray port of the pipe cap 13 and the branch pipe 14 under the action of pressure. The medium is uniformly distributed in the overflow section cylinder 10, the sorting section cylinder 11 and the underflow section cylinder 12 by the driving mechanism, and the stirring blades 2 are driven to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the stirring blades 2, the suspension medium is thrown toward the side wall to form a surge flow, thereby reducing the side wall effect during the sorting process. The fine coal is transported to the sorting section cylinder 11 through the hollow shaft 1. The rotation of the stirring blades 2 fully disperses the material in the sorting section cylinder 11, thereby improving the sorting accuracy.

[0051] Furthermore, the connection between the lateral end and the vertical end of the L-shaped bend 15 is an arc-shaped pipe, which facilitates the suspension medium at the lateral end of the L-shaped bend 15 to flow to the vertical end; if the diameter of the L-shaped bend 15 changes, the number of branches 14 connected to the L-shaped bend 15 can be adjusted.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the gangue collecting unit includes an underflow pipe 16 and a gangue collecting barrel 17. The top of the underflow pipe 16 is connected to the bottom of the sorting unit through a flange. The gangue collecting barrel 17 includes an outer barrel 18 and an inner barrel 19. The outer barrel 18 is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and the inner barrel 19 is a conical structure and is clamped on the outer barrel 18. There is a distance between the bottom of the inner barrel 19 and the bottom of the outer barrel 18. The top of the inner barrel 19 and the top of the outer barrel 18 are at the same height. The side walls and the bottom of the inner barrel 19 are both provided with a plurality of sieve holes 20 at intervals.

[0053] In this embodiment, the underflow pipe 16 is a conical structure. The large-diameter end of the underflow pipe 16 is fastened to the underflow section cylinder 12 through a flange. A pressure sensor and a valve are installed on the underflow pipe 16. The pressure sensor continuously detects the pressure of high-density particles on the underflow pipe 16 and transmits the pressure data to the PLC host computer. After receiving the pressure data, the PLC host computer determines whether to control the valve to open based on the preset pressure. The preset pressure is the maximum bearing pressure of the underflow pipe 16 set in advance. When the pressure data received by the PLC host computer reaches the preset data, the PLC host computer controls The valve is opened, and the high-density particles in the underflow pipe 16 flow into the gangue collecting barrel 17. The inner barrel 19 of the gangue collecting barrel 17 is embedded in the outer barrel 18. The high-density particles flow downward along the underflow pipe 16 and enter the inner barrel 19. The air compressor is placed on one side of the gangue collecting barrel 17. The air compressor is connected between the inner barrel 19 and the outer barrel 18 through a pipeline. The air compressor continuously sprays airflow. After the airflow reaches between the inner barrel 19 and the outer barrel 18 along the pipeline, it is sprayed upward along the sieve holes 20 of the inner barrel 19, thereby improving the fluidity of the high-density particles entering the inner barrel 19 and avoiding the accumulation of high-density particles that hinder discharge.

[0054] In another possible embodiment, there are three gangue collecting barrels 17, which are connected in parallel. Each gangue collecting barrel 17 is connected to the underflow pipe 16, and a valve is provided on the pipe connecting each gangue collecting barrel 17 to the underflow pipe 16. The valves of different pipes are opened by the PLC host computer to realize the discharge into different gangue collecting barrels 17. Multiple gangue collecting barrels 17 can be set up, one of which can be used as a common collection barrel and two as spare collection barrels, which is convenient for use when the discharge volume is large or the common collection barrel is abnormal.

[0055] The angle between the side wall of the inner barrel 19 and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.

[0056] In this embodiment, the angle of the inner barrel 19 is set to 45-60 degrees, and a discharge pump is installed at the bottom of the inner barrel 19. During the discharge process, the gangue product in the inner barrel 19 slides downward along the side wall of the inner barrel, making it convenient for the discharge pump to discharge the gangue product in the inner barrel 19 immediately.

[0057] Furthermore, a stirring rod is provided in the inner barrel 19, and the high-density particles in the inner barrel 19 are continuously stirred by the stirring rod, so that the high-density particles in the inner barrel 19 further flow, thereby improving the discharge rate of the high-density particles.

[0058] A fine coal heavy medium separation method, using a fine coal heavy medium separation device, the fine coal heavy medium separation method comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step S1: the underflow pipe 16 is closed, the suspension medium is pumped into the spray unit through the water supply unit, the suspension medium enters the sorting unit through the spray unit so that the sorting unit is filled with the suspension medium, and the underflow pipe 16 is intermittently opened and closed;

[0060] The underflow pipe 16 is closed through the valve on the underflow pipe 16, the connection between the underflow pipe 16 and the gangue collecting bucket 17 is disconnected, and the medium pump in the water supply unit is started. The medium pump pumps the suspension medium into the L-shaped elbow 15, and the suspension medium flows along the L-shaped elbow 15 to the pipe cap 13 and the branch pipe 14. The suspension medium is sprayed into the underflow section cylinder 12 along the spray ports of the pipe cap 13 and the branch pipe 14, and the overflow section cylinder 10, the sorting section cylinder 11 and the underflow section cylinder 12 are all filled with the suspension medium. The suspension medium exceeding the overflow section cylinder 10 flows out to the clean coal bucket through the overflow groove 8. At this time, the pressure sensor continuously detects the underflow pressure in the underflow pipe 16 and transmits the pressure data to the PLC host computer. The PLC host computer determines whether to discharge the material based on the preset pressure, and then controls the valve on the underflow pipe 16 to open or close.

[0061] Step S2: starting the driving motor 5, the driving motor 5 drives the hollow shaft 1 and the stirring blade 2 to rotate at the same speed, and the stirring blade 2 fully stirs the suspension medium in the separation unit;

[0062] After the overflow section cylinder 10, the sorting section cylinder 11 and the underflow section cylinder 12 are filled with the suspension medium, the drive motor 5 is started, and the drive motor 5 drives the hollow shaft 1 to rotate at the same speed through the transmission belt 6 and the pulley 7. The stirring blades 2 are installed at intervals at the end of the hollow shaft 1 away from the feeding unit, and the stirring blades 2 rotate synchronously with the hollow shaft 1. The suspension medium is fully stirred by the stirring blades 2, and the suspension medium is thrown toward the side wall, thereby reducing the side wall effect during the sorting process.

[0063] Step S3: pump the fine coal into the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the hollow shaft 1 along the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the sorting unit along the hollow shaft 1, and the fine coal is sorted under the action of the stirring blade 2 and the spray unit;

[0064] Step S4: The low-density particles sorted based on step S3 become overflow clean coal, and the high-density particles become underflow. The overflow clean coal enters the clean coal collection unit, and the underflow enters the gangue collection unit.

[0065] The fine coal is transported to the feeding barrel 3 by pumping, and the fine coal slides into the feeding pipe 4 along the feeding barrel 3. The outer side of the feeding pipe 4 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 1 through a rotating bearing. The hollow shaft 1 can adjust the connection position upward or downward along the length direction of the feeding pipe 4 to achieve the adjustment of the height of the discharge port of the hollow shaft 1 in the sorting unit. The fine coal reaches the sorting unit along the hollow shaft 1, and the driving motor 5 continues to work. The driving motor 5 drives the hollow shaft 1 and the stirring blade 2 to rotate synchronously, so that the stirring blade 2 continuously stirs the suspension medium and the fine coal in the sorting unit. The fine coal and the suspension medium are fully in contact, which improves the sorting efficiency. The low-density particles move along the sorting unit to the overflow trough 8. At the same time, the upward impact force of the suspension medium sprayed by the pipe cap 13 and the branch pipe 14 increases the upward movement speed of the low-density particles. The low-density particles overflow upward to the overflow trough 8 and then flow into the clean coal barrel along the overflow pipe 9. The high-density particles pass downward through the underflow pipe 16 and enter the gangue collection barrel 17.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural transformation made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fine coal heavy medium separation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a clean coal collecting unit, a sorting unit, a spraying unit and a gangue collecting unit, wherein the stirring unit comprises a hollow shaft (1), a stirring blade (2) and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is connected to the hollow shaft (1) and is used to drive the hollow shaft (1) to rotate, wherein the number of the stirring blades (2) is multiple, and the multiple stirring blades (2) are installed at intervals near the bottom of the hollow shaft (1), and the end of the hollow shaft (1) away from the stirring blade (2) is rotatably connected to the feeding unit, and the clean coal The collecting unit is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top and an inclined bottom. The sorting unit and the gangue collecting unit are arranged in sequence from top to bottom at the bottom of the clean coal collecting unit. The end of the hollow shaft (1) close to the stirring blade (2) passes downward through the clean coal collecting unit and then extends to the sorting unit for discharging and stirring the materials in the sorting unit. The spray unit is arranged near the bottom of the sorting unit. The top of the spray unit is provided with a spray port for spraying the suspension medium upward. The gangue collecting unit is used to collect and discharge gangue.

2. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit comprises a feeding bucket (3) and a feeding pipe (4); the feeding bucket (3) is an inverted cone structure; the discharge port of the feeding bucket (3) is connected to the inlet port of the feeding pipe (4) to facilitate the delivery of fine coal into the feeding pipe (4).

3. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (5), a transmission belt (6) and a pulley (7); the pulley (7) is mounted on the end of the hollow shaft (1) close to the feed pipe (4); the driving motor (5) is arranged on one side of the pulley (7); the driving motor (5) and the pulley (7) are connected to each other via a transmission belt (6) to drive the pulley (7) to rotate.

4. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clean coal collection unit comprises an overflow trough (8) and an overflow pipe (9); an overflow port is provided on the bottom inclined surface of the overflow trough (8); the overflow port of the overflow trough (8) is connected to the feed port of the sorting unit; the overflow pipe (9) is arranged on the side wall of the overflow trough (8) near the bottom to facilitate the conveying of the overflow clean coal in the overflow trough (8) into the clean coal bucket.

5. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation unit comprises an overflow section cylinder (10), a separation section cylinder (11) and an underflow section cylinder (12); the top of the overflow section cylinder (10) is connected to the bottom surface of the clean coal collection unit; the top of the separation section cylinder (11) is connected to the bottom of the overflow section cylinder (10) via a flange; and the bottom of the separation section cylinder (11) is connected to the top of the underflow section cylinder (12) via a flange.

6. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray unit comprises a pipe cap (13), a branch pipe (14) and an L-shaped curved pipe (15). The pipe cap (13) is mounted on the top of the vertical end of the L-shaped curved pipe (15) and is connected to the L-shaped curved pipe (15). The branch pipes (14) are multiple and have the same length. The multiple branch pipes (14) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the vertical end of the L-shaped curved pipe (15). The two ends of each branch pipe (14) along the length direction are respectively connected to the L-shaped curved pipe (15) and the inner side wall of the sorting unit. Each branch pipe (14) is connected to the L-shaped curved pipe (15). The vertical end of the L-shaped curved pipe (15) coincides with the central axis of the sorting unit. The transverse end of the L-shaped curved pipe (15) extends horizontally to the outside of the sorting unit. The pipe cap (13) is away from the side of the L-shaped curved pipe (15) and the branch pipe (14) are evenly spaced along the length direction to be provided with spray ports for spraying the suspension medium upward.

7. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gangue collecting unit comprises an underflow pipe (16) and a gangue collecting barrel (17). The top of the underflow pipe (16) is connected to the bottom of the sorting unit via a flange. The gangue collecting barrel (17) comprises an outer barrel (18) and an inner barrel (19). The outer barrel (18) is a cylindrical structure with an open top. The inner barrel (19) is a conical structure and is clamped on the outer barrel (18). A distance is left between the bottom of the inner barrel (19) and the bottom of the outer barrel (18). The top of the inner barrel (19) and the top of the outer barrel (18) are located at the same height. The side wall and the bottom of the inner barrel (19) are both provided with a plurality of sieve holes (20) at intervals.

8. A fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle between the side wall of the inner barrel (19) and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.

9. A method for separating fine coal by heavy medium, characterized in that: The fine coal heavy medium separation device according to claims 1 to 8 is used, and the fine coal heavy medium separation method comprises the following steps: Step S1: the underflow pipe (16) is closed, the suspension medium is pumped into the spray unit through the water supply unit, the suspension medium enters the sorting unit through the spray unit so that the sorting unit is filled with the suspension medium, and the underflow pipe (16) is intermittently opened and closed; Step S2: starting the driving motor (5), the driving motor (5) drives the hollow shaft (1) and the stirring blade (2) to rotate at the same speed, and the stirring blade (2) fully stirs the suspension medium in the separation unit; Step S3: pump the fine coal into the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the hollow shaft (1) along the feeding unit, the fine coal enters the sorting unit along the hollow shaft (1), and the fine coal is sorted under the action of the stirring blade (2) and the spray unit; Step S4: The low-density particles sorted based on step S3 become overflow clean coal, and the high-density particles become underflow. The overflow clean coal enters the clean coal collection unit, and the underflow enters the gangue collection unit.

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