Efficient self-exhaust air floating type hydraulic cyclone device and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient self-exhaust air floating type hydraulic cyclone device and a using method, the device is applied to particle size separation, the device is composed of an inlet pipe, an overflow pipe, an exhaust plug, a buffer cushion, an exhaust pipe, a columnar barrel, flanges (a barrel flange and a cone flange), a cone, a porous pipe, a fixing ring and an underflow pipe, and the method comprises the following steps of 1, coarse screening, 2, feeding and 3, cyclone separation. 4, air floatation reinforcement; and 5, automatic exhaust. Compared with the prior art, compared with a traditional air floating type swirler, the device has a more stable swirling flow field, the separation efficiency is improved by 15%, and the pressure drop is reduced by 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a grading equipment, hydrocyclone is widely used in the field of particle grading and sorting due to its compact structure, easy operation, high separation efficiency and low cost. Due to the characteristics of the equipment, the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone is significantly reduced when processing materials with a high solid-liquid ratio. It is currently believed that the optimal solid-liquid ratio of the hydrocyclone should be less than 30%. However, due to the low solid-liquid ratio requirement and large processing volume, the implementation cost is generally high. Setting an air flotation component inside the cyclone can disrupt the fishhook effect between large and small particles, and can effectively improve the separation efficiency and separation accuracy of the cyclone. However, due to the structural characteristics of the hydrocyclone, it will cause serious gas retention. The retained gas will be discharged from the overflow pipe in stages. This process will destroy the stability of the swirl inside the cyclone, thereby affecting the separation efficiency and separation accuracy.

[0003] The patent "An oil-water separation device that facilitates the integration of cyclone flotation process" (201911278306.2) relates to an air-floating cyclone device for oil-water separation, including a tank body, which is divided into four parts from top to bottom through a partition: an oil collection chamber, a liquid chamber, an air flotation chamber and a mixing chamber. An oil discharge pipe is arranged on the top of the tank body, a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the side of the tank body corresponding to the liquid chamber, a floating oil and scum discharge pipe and a drain pipe are arranged on the side of the tank body corresponding to the air flotation chamber, a dissolved air water inlet pipe is arranged on the side of the tank body corresponding to the mixing chamber, and a mixing chamber sewage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tank body; multiple groups of cyclone air flotation integrated components are arranged inside the tank body. The device has modular cyclone components, which are easy to adjust and conducive to integration, but due to the lack of exhaust design, bubble accumulation will repeatedly destroy the stability of the cyclone inside the cyclone, thereby greatly reducing the separation efficiency.

[0004] The patent "Mechanically dispersed air flotation hydrocyclone" (CN201310096999.X) relates to a separation device that combines flotation separation technology and cyclone separation technology, including an air dissolver, an intermediate pump, and a cyclone. The air is dissolved by a micro-bubble generator in the air dissolver, and the dissolved material to be processed is sent to the cyclone through the intermediate pump, and efficient separation is achieved under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity. Compared with traditional air flotation cyclones, this device has lower energy consumption and higher separation efficiency, but because the air dissolving operation is located before the intermediate pump, cavitation will damage the intermediate pump, and the bubbles will aggregate in the longer conveying path, affecting the flotation effect.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydrocyclone device to solve the problem in the prior art that gas accumulation inside the air-floating cyclone device causes unstable cyclone field and reduces classification efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydraulic cyclone device and a method of use, to provide a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydraulic cyclone device to solve the problem that the internal gas accumulation of the air-floating cyclone device in the prior art leads to unstable cyclone field and reduced classification efficiency.

[0007] The present invention can be implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydraulic cyclone device, the air-floating hydraulic cyclone device comprises a cyclone cylinder, an exhaust mechanism and a cyclone cone; the cyclone cylinder comprises an inlet pipe, an overflow pipe, a cylindrical cylinder, and a cylinder flange; the exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust plug, a buffer pad and an exhaust pipe; the cyclone cone comprises a cone, a porous pipe, a fixing ring and an underflow pipe; a retention cavity is reserved on the upper side of the cylindrical cylinder, and the retention cavity is a gas retention area; the inlet pipe and the cylindrical cylinder are connected to each other, and the gas retention area is formed by the gas retention area. The cylinder is connected, and the inlet pipe is located at the tangent of the arc surface of the cylindrical cylinder; the overflow pipe is connected to the cylindrical cylinder, and the overflow pipe is inserted into the cylindrical cylinder along the axial direction; the exhaust pipe is connected to the cylindrical cylinder, and the exhaust pipe passes through the cylindrical cylinder along the central axis; a buffer pad is provided between the exhaust plug and the exhaust pipe; the cylindrical cylinder is connected to the cone; the porous tube is located inside the cone, and an air inlet nozzle is provided at one end; the porous tube is connected to the cone through a fixing ring; the underflow pipe is connected to the cone.

[0009] Furthermore, the cyclone cylinder also includes a cylinder flange; the cyclone cone also includes a cone flange; a cylinder flange is provided on the lower side of the cylindrical cylinder; a cone flange is provided on the upper side of the cone; the cylinder flange is connected to the cone flange; the cylindrical cylinder and the cone are connected through the cylinder flange and the cone flange.

[0010] Furthermore, the inlet pipe is a cylindrical pipe; the overflow pipe is a cylindrical pipe; the exhaust pipe is a structure with an internal through hole and an external cone (the cone here is actually formed by two cylinders stacked together); the buffer pad is an annular structure made of flexible material; the cone is an inverted hollow cone with an opening on the lower side; and the underflow pipe is a hollow cylindrical pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the overflow pipe is connected to the columnar barrel by welding or the like; the inlet pipe is connected to the columnar barrel by welding or the like; the cone is connected to the underflow pipe by welding; the exhaust pipe is a stepped structure and is connected to the columnar barrel by welding; the exhaust plug, the exhaust pipe and the buffer pad together constitute an exhaust mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, a retention cavity is reserved at the top of the columnar cylinder, and the height of the gas retention area ranges from 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the total height of the columnar cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is a two-level stepped structure, including an upper stepped cylinder and a lower stepped cylinder connected to the upper stepped cylinder; the outer diameter of the upper stepped cylinder of the exhaust pipe is 1-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust plug to reserve an exhaust channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the buffer pad is an elastic annular structure and may be an O-ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the porous tube is an annular structure, located in the middle of the inner side of the cone, adhered to the wall of the cone and fixed by a fixing ring, and supplied with gas by an external gas source.

[0016] Furthermore, the porous tube is drilled with dense pores, the pore diameter of which is determined according to the particle size range of the screening, and the range is 0.1-1 mm; gas is introduced into the porous tube, and the gas flow rate is determined according to the feeding speed, which is usually 1 / 5-1 / 10 of the feeding speed.

[0017] Furthermore, the air-floating hydrocyclone device also includes an agitator, a fine particle collection box, and a pump; the outlet and inlet pipes of the pump are connected; the inlet of the pump is connected to the agitator; the underflow pipe is correspondingly arranged to the agitator; and the overflow pipe is connected to the fine particle collection box.

[0018] Furthermore, the underflow pipe is arranged corresponding to the agitator, specifically: the underflow pipe is connected to the agitator through a pipeline or the underflow pipe is arranged above the opening of the agitator, so that the material (large particles) flowing out of the underflow pipe enters the agitator.

[0019] Furthermore, the outlet and inlet pipes of the pump are connected by a pipeline; the inlet of the pump and the agitator are connected by a pipeline; the overflow pipe and the fine particle collection box are connected by a pipeline, so that the material (small particles) flowing out of the overflow pipe enters the fine particle collection box.

[0020] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a highly efficient self-exhausting air-floating hydrocyclone device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) Mixing material particles with water in a certain proportion, and transporting the evenly mixed material to the inlet pipe through a pump;

[0022] (2) After the material enters the air-floating hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe, it undergoes a cyclone motion toward the underflow pipe under the restriction of the wall and the action of gravity, and forms a reverse cyclone near the underflow pipe, and forms an air column at the center of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The reverse cyclone moves toward the overflow pipe and is finally discharged from the overflow pipe. Solid particles with larger particle sizes are affected by the centrifugal force, move toward the wall and flow out with the underflow; particles with smaller particle sizes are affected by the internal pressure of the air-floating hydrocyclone device, move toward the air column and flow out with the overflow;

[0023] (3) After the cyclone field in the air-floating hydrocyclone device is stabilized, pressurized gas is introduced into the porous tube and the pressure is controlled within the range of 0.01-0.1 MPa. The pressurized gas forms bubbles through the porous tube and disperses into the cyclone field of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The bubbles move toward the top of the cylindrical body. In the process, the large particles are entrained by the small particles, and the possibility of small particles escaping from the underflow pipe is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening the cyclone separation. After the bubbles burst, the gas will gather in the gas retention area;

[0024] (4) Gas accumulates continuously in the gas retention area, causing the pressure in the gas retention area to increase continuously. When the gas pressure in the gas retention area exceeds the threshold controlled by the exhaust plug, the exhaust plug is lifted up and the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe. This process will not destroy the stability of the cyclone field.

[0025] Furthermore, before the material enters the air flotation hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe, it is also processed as follows:

[0026] After the material is initially ground, it is coarsely screened through a sieve to remove material particles larger than a certain size, thereby obtaining material particles with a particle size less than or equal to a certain size after coarse screening.

[0027] Furthermore, before the material enters the air flotation hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe, it is also processed as follows:

[0028] After the material is initially ground, it is coarsely screened through a sieve to remove material particles larger than 2 mm, thereby obtaining material particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 2 mm after coarse screening.

[0029] Furthermore, the method of use comprises the following steps:

[0030] Coarse Screen

[0031] After the material is initially ground, it is coarsely screened through a sieve to remove particles larger than 2 mm;

[0032] After coarse screening, the material particles with a particle size of less than 2mm are mixed with water in a certain proportion, and the evenly mixed materials are transported to the inlet pipe through a pump;

[0033] Cyclone separation

[0034] After the material enters the air-floating hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe, it performs a swirling motion toward the underflow pipe under the restriction of the wall and the action of gravity, and forms a reverse swirling flow near the underflow pipe, and forms an air column at the center of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The reverse swirling flow moves toward the overflow pipe and is finally discharged from the overflow pipe. Solid particles with larger particle sizes are affected by the centrifugal effect, move toward the wall and flow out with the underflow; particles with smaller particle sizes are affected by the internal pressure of the air-floating hydrocyclone device, move toward the air column and flow out with the overflow;

[0035] Air flotation strengthening

[0036] After the cyclone field in the air-floating hydrocyclone device is stabilized, pressurized gas is introduced into the porous tube and the pressure is controlled within the range of 0.01-0.1MPa. The pressurized gas forms bubbles through the porous tube and disperses into the cyclone field of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The bubbles move toward the top of the cylindrical cylinder. In the process, the large particles are entrained on the small particles, and the possibility of small particles escaping from the underflow pipe is reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening cyclone separation. After the bubbles are broken, the gas will gather in the gas retention area.

[0037] Automatic exhaust

[0038] The gas accumulates continuously in the gas retention area, causing the pressure in the gas retention area to increase continuously. When the gas pressure in the gas retention area exceeds the threshold value (2-5kPa) controlled by the exhaust plug, the exhaust plug is lifted up and the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe. This process will not destroy the stability of the cyclone field.

[0039] Furthermore, the air-floating hydrocyclone device can be designed into different specifications and used in series to achieve classification operations of multiple particle size grades in one process.

[0040] Furthermore, when used in series, the outlet of the pump is connected to the inlet pipe of the first air-floating hydraulic cyclone device, the underflow pipe of the previous air-floating hydraulic cyclone device is connected to the inlet pipe of the next air-floating hydraulic cyclone device; the underflow pipe of the last air-floating hydraulic cyclone device is set correspondingly to the agitator; the overflow pipes of one or more air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices are connected to the fine particle collection box, and when the overflow pipes of multiple air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices are connected to the fine particle collection box, the overflow pipes of multiple air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices are respectively connected to the multiple fine particle collection boxes, thereby realizing grading operations of multiple particle size grades in one process.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. The present invention provides a highly efficient self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device, which combines air-floating with cyclone classification, and enhances the separation efficiency of cyclone classification. By adding a self-exhaust mechanism, the stability of the internal flow field of the air-floating cyclone is ensured, so that the overflow is discharged smoothly and continuously from the overflow pipe, reducing the escape of smaller particles from the bottom flow, while reducing the pressure drop of the air-floating cyclone, reducing the kinetic energy loss of the overflow, and providing sufficient kinetic energy for the secondary cyclone part of the series cyclone.

[0043] 2. The present invention provides a highly efficient self-exhausting air-floating hydraulic cyclone device, which is used for particle size separation. Compared with the traditional air-floating cyclone, the device has a more stable cyclone field, which increases the separation efficiency by 15% and reduces the pressure drop by 50%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the partially enlarged cross-sectional structure of part A.

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust mechanism of the high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure:

[0049] 1-inlet pipe, 2-overflow pipe, 3-exhaust plug, 4-buffer pad, 5-exhaust pipe, 6-columnar cylinder, 7-cylinder flange, 8-conical flange, 9-cone, 10-porous tube, 11-fixing ring, 12-underflow pipe, 13-fine particle collection box, 14-pump, 15-agitator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0051] The working principle of this technical solution is:

[0052] The cyclone cylinder and the cyclone cone are connected by bolts, and the evenly mixed material enters the cyclone cylinder from the inlet pipe 1 through the pump 14, and performs cyclone motion downward under the action of gravity, and forms an internal cyclone at a position close to the bottom flow port of the bottom flow pipe 12. Due to the different particle sizes, the coarser particles (large particles) will move toward the wall of the cyclone under the centrifugal effect, and finally be discharged from the bottom flow port of the bottom flow pipe 12, while the finer particles (small particles) will be affected by the pressure distribution inside the cyclone and will be discharged from the overflow port of the overflow pipe 2 with the overflow. After the internal flow field of the cyclone (cyclone device) is stable, the air valve of the air source is opened to start aeration of the porous tube 10, and the bubbles generated by air flotation impact the particles inside the cyclone, breaking the entrainment effect of large particles on small particles, and reducing the possibility of small particles escaping from the bottom flow. At the same time, the gas enriched in the gas side retention area on the cyclone cylinder slowly forms an air cavity. When the pressure in the gas retention area reaches a certain value, the exhaust plug 3 is lifted up by the air pressure, and the gas is discharged from the gap between the exhaust pipe 5 and the exhaust plug 3.

[0053] This invention combines air flotation with cyclone classification, enhancing the separation efficiency of cyclone classification. By adding a self-exhaust mechanism, the stability of the internal flow field of the air flotation cyclone (air flotation hydrocyclone device) is ensured, so that the overflow is discharged smoothly and continuously from the overflow pipe 2, reducing the escape of smaller particles from the bottom flow, while reducing the pressure drop of the air flotation cyclone and the kinetic energy loss of the overflow. Furthermore, when used in series, sufficient kinetic energy is provided for the secondary cyclone part of the series cyclone.

[0054] Features such as component models, material names, connection structures, usage methods, algorithms, etc. that are not clearly stated in this technical solution shall be deemed as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements; "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0057] In the following examples, raw materials or processing techniques, unless otherwise specified, are conventional commercially available raw materials or conventional processing techniques in the art.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydraulic cyclone device, which includes a cyclone cylinder, an exhaust mechanism and a cyclone cone.

[0060] The cyclone cylinder comprises an inlet pipe 1, an overflow pipe 2, a columnar cylinder 6, and a cylinder flange 7;

[0061] The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust plug 3, a buffer pad 4 and an exhaust pipe 5;

[0062] The swirl cone comprises a cone flange 8 , a cone 9 , a porous pipe 10 , a fixing ring 11 and an underflow pipe 12 .

[0063] The lower side of the cylindrical barrel 6 is provided with a barrel flange 7, and the upper side is reserved with a retention cavity, and the retention cavity is a gas retention area. The inlet pipe 1 is a cylindrical pipe, which is located at the tangent of the arc surface of the cylindrical barrel 6. The overflow pipe 2 is a cylindrical pipe, which is inserted into the cylindrical barrel 6 along the axial direction.

[0064] The overflow pipe 2 is connected to the columnar barrel 6 by welding or the like; the inlet pipe 1 is connected to the columnar barrel 6 by welding or the like.

[0065] A gas retention area is reserved at the top of the columnar cylinder 6 , and the height of the gas retention area ranges from 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the total height of the columnar cylinder 6 .

[0066] The exhaust pipe 5 passes through the columnar barrel 6 along the central axis. The exhaust pipe 5 is an internal through hole and an external truncated cone structure. The buffer pad 4 is an annular structure made of a flexible material.

[0067] The exhaust pipe 5 is a two-stage stepped structure, including an upper stepped cylinder and a lower stepped cylinder connected to the upper stepped cylinder, and is connected to the columnar barrel 6 by welding; a buffer pad 4 is provided between the exhaust plug 3 and the exhaust pipe 5, and the exhaust plug 3, the exhaust pipe 5 and the buffer pad 4 together constitute an exhaust mechanism. The buffer pad 4 is an O-ring.

[0068] The outer diameter of the upper stepped cylinder of the exhaust pipe 5 is 1-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust plug 3 to reserve an exhaust passage. The diameter of the upper stepped cylinder is smaller than that of the lower stepped cylinder.

[0069] The cylinder flange 7 and the cone flange 8 are connected; the columnar cylinder 6 and the cone 9 are connected through the cylinder flange 7 and the cone flange 8.

[0070] The cone 9 is an inverted hollow cone, with an opening on the lower side and a cone flange 8 on the upper side. The porous tube 10 is an annular structure, located in the middle of the inner side of the cone 9, with an air inlet nozzle at one end, and the underflow tube 12 is a hollow cylindrical pipe. The cone 9 is connected to the underflow tube 12 by welding or the like. The porous tube 10 is an annular structure, located in the middle of the cone 9, and is attached to the wall of the cone 9 and fixed by a fixing ring 11, and is supplied with air by an external air source or the like.

[0071] The porous tube 10 is located in the middle of the cone 9, adheres to the wall of the cone 9 and is fixed by a fixing ring 11, and is supplied with gas by an external gas source.

[0072] The porous tube 10 is drilled with dense pores, the pore size is determined according to the particle size range of the screening, and the range is 0.1-1 mm. The gas flow rate is determined according to the feeding speed, which is usually 1 / 5-1 / 10 of the feeding speed.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device. Based on the embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes the following configurations:

[0075] The air-floating hydrocyclone device also includes an agitator 15, a fine particle collection box 13, and a pump 14; the outlet and inlet pipes 1 of the pump 14 are connected by a pipeline; the inlet of the pump 14 and the agitator 15 are connected by a pipeline; the underflow pipe 12 is correspondingly arranged with the agitator 15, specifically, the underflow pipe 12 and the agitator 15 are connected by a pipeline or the underflow pipe 12 is arranged above the opening of the agitator 15, so that the material (large particles) flowing out of the underflow pipe 12 enters the agitator 15; the overflow pipe 2 is connected with the fine particle collection box 13 by a pipeline.

[0076] This embodiment further provides a method for using a high-efficiency self-exhausting air-floating hydrocyclone device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0077] (1) After the material is initially ground, it is coarsely screened through a sieve to remove material particles larger than 2 mm (or other sizes);

[0078] (2) After the coarse screening, the material particles with a particle size less than 2 mm are mixed with water in a certain proportion in the agitator 15, and the mixed material is transported to the inlet pipe 1 through the pump 14;

[0079] (3) After the material enters the air-floating hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe 1, it performs a cyclone motion toward the underflow pipe 12 under the restriction of the wall and the action of gravity, and forms a reverse cyclone near the underflow pipe 12, and forms an air column at the center of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The reverse cyclone moves toward the overflow pipe 2 and is finally discharged from the overflow pipe 2. Solid particles with larger particle sizes are affected by the centrifugal effect, move toward the wall and flow out with the underflow, and the large particles pass through the underflow pipe 12 and enter the agitator 15; particles with smaller particle sizes are affected by the internal pressure of the air-floating hydrocyclone device, move toward the air column and flow out with the overflow, and small particles pass through the overflow pipe 2 and enter the fine particle collection box 13;

[0080] (4) After the cyclone field in the air-floating hydrocyclone device is stabilized, pressurized gas is introduced into the porous tube 10 and the pressure is controlled within the range of 0.01-0.1 MPa. The pressurized gas forms bubbles through the porous tube 10 and is dispersed into the cyclone field of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The bubbles move toward the top of the cylindrical barrel 6. In the process, the large particles are entrained by the small particles, and the possibility of small particles escaping from the underflow pipe 12 is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening the cyclone separation. After the bubbles burst, the gas will gather in the gas retention area;

[0081] (5) Gas accumulates continuously in the gas retention area, causing the pressure in the gas retention area to increase continuously. When the gas pressure in the gas retention area exceeds the threshold controlled by the exhaust plug 3, the exhaust plug 3 is lifted up and the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 5. This process will not destroy the stability of the cyclone field.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device, which, based on Embodiment 2, also includes the following configurations:

[0084] In the experiment, the high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device used in this embodiment has a cylindrical barrel 6 with a diameter of 200 mm, an overflow pipe 2 with a diameter of 80 mm, an overflow pipe 2 with an insertion depth of 100 mm, an exhaust plug 3 with an outer diameter of 20 mm and an inner diameter of 11 mm, an exhaust pipe 5 with a first step (lower step cylinder) with a diameter of 20 mm, an exhaust pipe 5 with a second step (upper step cylinder) with a diameter of 10 mm, an exhaust pipe 5 with an inner diameter of 3 mm, an exhaust pipe 5 with a central axis 75 mm away from the central axis of the entire device, and two sets of exhaust mechanisms are arranged on both sides 75 mm away from the central axis of the entire device, a cone 9 with a cone angle of 30°, an underflow pipe 12 with an inner diameter of 20 mm, a porous pipe 10 with a diameter of 100 mm, an inner diameter of 4 mm, an outer diameter of 5 mm, an exhaust aperture on the porous pipe 10 with a diameter of about 0.5 mm, and a pump (14) with a mechanical diaphragm pump with a head of 12 m for material transportation, and a flow rate control range of 0-3 m 3 / h. The device is connected as Figure 3 shown.

[0085] In this embodiment, the cyclone refers to a whole composed of a cyclone cylinder, an exhaust mechanism and a cyclone cone.

[0086] This embodiment further provides a method for using a high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device, and using the device to perform soil particle size classification operation includes the following process:

[0087] (1) Coarse screening

[0088] After the material is initially ground, it is coarsely screened through a sieve and passed through a 10-mesh sieve to remove material particles larger than 2 mm.

[0089] (2) Feed

[0090] After the coarse screening, the material particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 2 mm are mixed with water in a certain proportion, and this process can be completed by the agitator 15. The uniformly mixed material is transported to the inlet pipe 1 by the pump 14.

[0091] (3) Cyclone separation

[0092] After the material enters the cyclone through the inlet pipe 1, the feed rate is adjusted within the range of 1m 3 / h-2.5m 3 / h range, the material moves toward the underflow pipe 12 under the restriction of the wall and the action of gravity, and forms a reverse vortex near the underflow pipe 12, and forms an air column at the center of the cyclone, and the reverse vortex moves toward the overflow pipe 2 and is finally discharged from the overflow pipe 2. Solid particles with larger particle sizes are affected by the centrifugal effect, move toward the wall and flow out with the underflow, and the large particles pass through the underflow pipe 12 and enter the agitator 15; particles with smaller particle sizes are affected by the internal pressure of the cyclone, move toward the air column and flow out with the overflow, and small particles pass through the overflow pipe 2 and enter the fine particle collection box 13.

[0093] (4) Air flotation enhancement

[0094] After the cyclone field is stable, the gas source is opened to introduce pressurized gas into the porous tube 10 and the pressure is controlled within the range of 0.02-0.03 MPa. The gas forms bubbles through the porous tube 10 and disperses into the cyclone flow field. The bubbles move toward the top of the columnar cylinder 6. In the process, the large particles are entrained by the small particles, and the possibility of small particles escaping from the underflow pipe 12 is reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening the cyclone separation. After the bubbles burst, the gas will gather in the gas retention area.

[0095] (5) Automatic exhaust

[0096] The gas accumulates in the gas retention area, causing the pressure in the area to increase continuously. When the gas pressure exceeds the threshold (2 kPa) controlled by the exhaust plug 3, the exhaust plug 3 is lifted up and the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 5. This process will not destroy the stability of the cyclone field.

[0097] Comparative Example

[0098] This comparative example provides a traditional air-floating cyclone without an exhaust mechanism. The dimensions of the traditional air-floating cyclone are: a cylinder diameter of 200 mm, an overflow pipe diameter of 80 mm, an insertion depth of 100 mm, a cone angle of 30°, an underflow pipe inner diameter of 20 mm, and a porous pipe specification of 100 mm in diameter, a pipe inner diameter of 4 mm, a pipe outer diameter of 5 mm, and a hole diameter of 0.5 mm. The same working conditions are set for the experiment.

[0099] According to actual needs, comparative experiments were conducted using the device of the invention and a traditional air-floating cyclone.

[0100] The experimental results are shown in the table:

[0101] Table 1 Separation efficiency of different cyclones under different feed rates

[0102]

[0103] The particle size separation efficiency is increased by about 15% compared with the air-floating cyclone without exhaust mechanism.

[0104] Table 2 Pressure drop reduction ratio (assuming the pressure drop ratio of the traditional hydrocyclone is 1)

[0105]

[0106] Due to the presence of gas in the fluid, the pressure drop of the present invention and the air-floating cyclone without exhaust mechanism increases compared with the traditional hydrocyclone. The pressure drop of the present invention (Example 3) is reduced by 50% compared with the traditional air-floating cyclone (Comparative Example).

[0107] Example 4

[0108] This embodiment provides a highly efficient self-exhausting air-floating hydrocyclone device, which can be designed into different specifications and used in series to achieve classification operations of multiple particle size grades in one process.

[0109] When used in series, the outlet of the pump 14 is connected to the inlet pipe 1 of the first air-floating hydraulic cyclone device, and the underflow pipe 12 of the previous air-floating hydraulic cyclone device is connected to the inlet pipe 1 of the next air-floating hydraulic cyclone device; the underflow pipe 12 of the last air-floating hydraulic cyclone device is correspondingly arranged with the agitator 15; the overflow pipe 2 of one or more air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices is connected to the fine particle collection box 13, and when the overflow pipes 2 of multiple air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices are connected to the fine particle collection box 13, the overflow pipes 2 of multiple air-floating hydraulic cyclone devices are respectively connected to multiple fine particle collection boxes 13, thereby realizing a grading operation of multiple particle size grades in one process.

[0110] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the technical solutions of the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not exceed the protection scope of the present invention, which is determined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency self-exhausting air-floating hydrocyclone device, characterized in that: The air-floating hydrocyclone device comprises a cyclone cylinder, an exhaust mechanism and a cyclone cone; The cyclone cylinder comprises an inlet pipe (1), an overflow pipe (2), a columnar cylinder (6), and a cylinder flange (7); The exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust plug (3), a buffer pad (4) and an exhaust pipe (5); The swirl cone comprises a cone (9), a porous tube (10), a fixing ring (11) and an underflow tube (12); A retention cavity is reserved on the upper side of the columnar cylinder (6), and the retention cavity is a gas retention area; The inlet pipe (1) is connected to the cylindrical body (6), and the inlet pipe (1) is located at the tangent of the arc surface of the cylindrical body (6); The overflow pipe (2) is connected to the columnar barrel (6), and the overflow pipe (2) is inserted into the columnar barrel (6) along the axial direction; The exhaust pipe (5) is connected to the columnar barrel (6), and the exhaust pipe (5) passes through the columnar barrel (6) along the central axis; A buffer pad (4) is provided between the exhaust plug (3) and the exhaust pipe (5); The columnar cylinder (6) is connected to the cone (9); The porous tube (10) is located inside the cone (9) and has an air inlet nozzle at one end; The porous tube (10) is connected to the cone (9) via a fixing ring (11); The underflow pipe (12) is connected to the cone (9).

2. A high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone cylinder also includes a cylinder flange (7); The swirl cone also includes a cone flange (8); A cylinder flange (7) is provided on the lower side of the columnar cylinder (6); A cone flange (8) is provided on the upper side of the cone (9); The cylinder flange (7) is connected to the cone flange (8); The columnar barrel (6) and the cone (9) are connected via a barrel flange (7) and a cone flange (8).

3. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (1) is a cylindrical pipe; The overflow pipe (2) is a cylindrical pipe; The exhaust pipe (5) is a truncated cone structure with an internal through hole and an external through hole; The buffer pad (4) is an annular structure made of flexible material; The cone (9) is an inverted hollow cone with an opening at the lower side; The underflow pipe (12) is a hollow cylindrical pipe.

4. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow pipe (2) is connected to the columnar barrel (6) by welding; the inlet pipe (1) is connected to the columnar barrel (6) by welding; the cone (9) is connected to the underflow pipe (12) by welding; and the exhaust pipe (5) is a stepped structure and is connected to the columnar barrel (6) by welding.

5. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retention cavity is reserved at the top of the columnar barrel (6), and the height of the gas retention area ranges from 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the total height of the columnar barrel (6).

6. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (5) is a two-stage stepped structure, comprising an upper stepped cylinder and a lower stepped cylinder connected to the upper stepped cylinder; The outer diameter of the upper stepped cylinder of the exhaust pipe (5) is 1-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust plug (3) to reserve an exhaust passage.

7. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous tube (10) is an annular structure, located in the middle of the inner side of the cone (9), and is attached to the wall surface of the cone (9) and fixed by a fixing ring (11).

8. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous tube (10) is drilled with pores, and the pore diameter range of the pores is 0.1-1 mm; Gas is introduced into the porous tube (10), and the gas flow rate is 1 / 5-1 / 10 of the feed rate.

9. The high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-floating hydrocyclone device further comprises a stirrer (15), a fine particle collection box (13), and a pump (14); The outlet of the pump (14) is connected to the inlet pipe (1); The inlet of the pump (14) is connected to the agitator (15); The underflow pipe (12) and the agitator (15) are arranged correspondingly; The overflow pipe (2) is connected to the fine particle collection box (13).

10. A method for using the high-efficiency self-exhaust air-floating hydrocyclone device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: The material particles are mixed with water, and the uniformly mixed material is transported to the inlet pipe (1) through a pump (14); After the material enters the air-floating hydrocyclone device through the inlet pipe (1), it performs a cyclone motion toward the underflow pipe (12) under the restriction of the wall surface and the action of gravity, and forms a reverse cyclone near the underflow pipe (12), and forms an air column at the center of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The reverse cyclone moves toward the overflow pipe (2) and is finally discharged from the overflow pipe (2). Solid particles with larger particle sizes are affected by the centrifugal effect, move toward the wall surface and flow out with the underflow; particles with smaller particle sizes are affected by the internal pressure of the air-floating hydrocyclone device, move toward the air column and flow out with the overflow; After the cyclone field in the air-floating hydrocyclone device is stabilized, pressurized gas is introduced into the porous tube (10) and the pressure is controlled within the range of 0.01-0.1 MPa. The pressurized gas passes through the porous tube (10) to form bubbles and is dispersed into the cyclone field of the air-floating hydrocyclone device. The bubbles move toward the top of the columnar cylinder (6). During the process, the entrainment of small particles by large particles is broken, and the possibility of small particles escaping from the underflow tube (12) is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening cyclone separation. After the bubbles are broken, the gas will gather in the gas retention area. The gas continuously accumulates in the gas retention area, causing the pressure in the gas retention area to continuously increase. When the gas pressure in the gas retention area exceeds the threshold controlled by the exhaust plug (3), the exhaust plug (3) is lifted up and the gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe (5). This process will not destroy the stability of the cyclone field.

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