A plasma spraying device capable of precisely controlling the ratio of gas and powder discharge

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the discharge ratio of gas and powder, belonging to the field of plasma spraying. The plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the discharge ratio of gas and powder comprises a spray gun main body, wherein an air intake chamber and a mixing chamber connected to each other are provided inside the spray gun main body, a cathode mechanism is installed inside the air intake chamber, an adjustable anode mechanism is installed inside the mixing chamber, a mixing channel connected to the mixing chamber is provided at the axial position of the adjustable anode mechanism, the cross-section of the mixing channel is adjustable, an air intake pipe and a powder feed pipe are fixedly connected to the outside of the spray gun main body, the air intake pipe is connected to the air intake chamber, the powder feed pipe is connected to the mixing channel, the adjustable anode mechanism comprises a plurality of anode plates installed inside the mixing chamber, and the plurality of anode plates are arranged in a ring array; the apparatus can realize accurate control of the mixing ratio of gas and powder inside the mixing channel, thereby ensuring the quality of spraying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plasma spraying, and more particularly to a plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the discharge ratio of gas and powder. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production, plasma spraying technology, with its unique advantages, is widely used in numerous fields such as aerospace, machinery manufacturing, automotive industry, and surface protection. It can produce high-performance coatings on various materials, effectively improving key properties such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance, greatly expanding the material's application range and service life.

[0003] However, existing arc spray equipment has serious drawbacks in controlling the gas-to-powder mixing ratio within the mixing channel. Since the mixing channel dimensions remain constant when the powder feed rate changes, the amount of gas flowing in can be adjusted to match the powder feed rate. However, when the mixing channel is low in powder, a large amount of gas cannot effectively reach the powder, resulting in uneven mixing of the gas and powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a plasma spraying device that can accurately control the gas and powder discharge ratio. It can achieve the goal of accurately controlling the mixing ratio of gas and powder inside the mixing channel to ensure the quality of spraying.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] A plasma spraying device capable of precisely controlling the ratio of gas and powder discharge comprises a spray gun body, wherein an air inlet chamber and a mixing chamber are formed in the spray gun body, a cathode mechanism is installed in the air inlet chamber, an adjustable anode mechanism is installed in the mixing chamber, a mixing channel connected to the mixing chamber is provided at the axis center of the adjustable anode mechanism, and the cross section of the mixing channel is adjustable;

[0009] An air intake pipe and a powder feed pipe are fixedly connected to the outer side of the spray gun body. The air intake pipe is communicated with the air intake cavity, and the powder feed pipe is communicated with the mixing channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustable anode mechanism includes a plurality of anode plates installed inside the mixing chamber, the plurality of anode plates are arranged in a ring array, the mixing channel is the space between the plurality of anode plates, the plurality of anode plates are arranged in a ring array with the axis of the mixing channel, the side of the anode plate close to the axis of the mixing channel is a contact surface, the side of the anode plate adjacent to the contact surface in the clockwise direction is a sliding surface, the contact surface of the anode plate is slidably connected to the sliding surface of the next anode plate in the clockwise direction, and a synchronous drive group connected to the anode plate is also installed inside the mixing chamber;

[0011] A discharge nozzle connected to a powder feed pipe is fixedly connected to the contact surface of the anode plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the synchronous drive group includes two fixed circular plates and two rotating circular plates fixedly connected inside the mixing channel, the anode plate is slidably connected between the two fixed circular plates, the upper and lower ends of the anode plate are fixedly connected with round rods, the fixed circular plates are provided with a plurality of inclined grooves, the round rods are slidably connected inside the inclined grooves, the rotating circular plates are provided with a plurality of force grooves, the round rods are slidably connected inside the force grooves, and the spray gun body is also equipped with a self-locking rotation drive group that is transmission-connected to the rotating circular plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-locking rotary drive group includes a gear ring and a worm, the gear ring is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating circular plate, and the worm is rotatably connected to the spray gun body.

[0014] Furthermore, an arc groove is provided on the fixed circular plate, and a connecting rod passing through the arc groove is fixedly connected between the two rotating circular plates, and the connecting rod is slidably connected inside the arc groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the spray gun body includes a head plate, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the main shell, the conical gas collecting shell and the discharge shell in sequence, the air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the main shell, the powder feed pipe is fixedly connected to the discharge shell, the adjustable anode mechanism is installed inside the discharge shell, and a threaded rod is threadedly connected to the head plate, and one end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the cathode mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the cathode mechanism includes a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is slidably connected to the guide rod, and one end of the cylindrical structure close to the discharge shell is fixedly connected to a conical structure.

[0017] Furthermore, a cooling groove is provided inside the side wall of the assembly of the main shell, the conical gas collecting shell and the discharge shell, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe communicating with the cooling groove are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the main shell and the discharge shell respectively.

[0018] 3. Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] This solution can adjust the cross-section of the mixing channel by controlling the movement of the anode plate, thereby accurately controlling the feed amount of gas and powder inside the mixing channel and the internal volume of the mixing channel, and can accurately control the mixing ratio of gas and powder inside the mixing channel to ensure the quality of spraying. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of the adjustable anode mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a top view of the adjustable anode mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a side view of the cutaway structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1. Main shell; 2. Conical gas collecting shell; 3. Discharge shell; 4. Cylindrical structure; 5. Conical structure; 6. Threaded rod; 7. Guide rod; 8. Inlet pipe; 9. Powder feed pipe; 10. Adjustable anode mechanism; 11. Fixed annular plate; 12. Anode plate; 13. Slide bar; 14. Slide groove; 15. Inclined groove; 16. Rotating annular plate; 17. Stress groove; 18. Arc groove; 19. Round rod; 20. Gear ring; 21. Worm; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Discharge nozzle; 24. Head plate; 25. Cooling trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example:

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A plasma spraying device capable of precisely controlling the ratio of gas and powder discharge comprises a spray gun body, wherein an air inlet chamber and a mixing chamber are provided in the interior of the spray gun body, a cathode mechanism is installed in the air inlet chamber, an adjustable anode mechanism 10 is installed in the mixing chamber, a mixing channel connected to the mixing chamber is provided at the axis position of the adjustable anode mechanism 10, the cross section of the mixing channel is adjustable, and a high-frequency power supply is electrically connected to the cathode mechanism and the adjustable anode mechanism 10;

[0033] An air inlet pipe 8 and a powder feed pipe 9 are fixedly connected to the outside of the spray gun body. The air inlet pipe 8 communicates with the air inlet chamber for admitting air into the chamber, while the powder feed pipe 9 communicates with the mixing channel for feeding powder into the mixing channel. At this time, a high no-load voltage is applied between the adjustable anode mechanism 10 and the cathode mechanism, generating a high-frequency spark-ignited arc, which heats the working gas (such as Ar and N2) introduced into the spray gun body. When the gas is heated to a sufficiently high temperature, the atoms in the gas ionize, forming a plasma composed of positive ions, free electrons, and unionized atoms. Once the gas is ionized to form a plasma of a certain concentration, the electrons and ions in the plasma begin to migrate in a directed manner under the influence of an electric field applied between the two ends of the plasma, typically between electrodes. Electrons move toward the anode and ions move toward the cathode, forming an electric current, thereby igniting an arc. As the arc is ignited, a plasma arc is formed between the adjustable anode mechanism 10 and the cathode mechanism. The gas entering the air inlet pipe 8 will feed the powder material transported into the powder feed pipe 9 into the plasma arc. The powder is rapidly heated to a molten or semi-molten state under the high temperature of the plasma arc. At the same time, under the action of the high jet, the powder particles are accelerated to obtain a higher speed. The heated and accelerated powder particles are sprayed at high speed onto the surface of the pretreated substrate. When the powder particles hit the surface of the substrate, due to the relatively low surface temperature of the substrate, the powder particles quickly cool and solidify, forming a solid spray layer on the surface of the substrate.

[0034] The core of this technical solution is to improve the structure of the adjustable anode mechanism 10, such as Figure 2-Figure 6As shown, the adjustable anode mechanism 10 includes a plurality of anode plates 12 installed inside the mixing chamber, the anode plates 12 are electrically connected to the high-frequency power supply, the plurality of anode plates 12 are in a ring array, the mixing channel is the space between the plurality of anode plates 12, and the plurality of anode plates 12 are in a ring array with the axis of the mixing channel. The side of the anode plate 12 close to the axis of the mixing channel is the contact surface, and the side of the anode plate 12 adjacent to the contact surface in the clockwise direction is the sliding surface. The angle between the contact surface and the sliding surface is preferably 60°, and the number of anode plates 12 is preferably six. The contact surface of the anode plate 12 is slidably connected to the sliding surface of the next anode plate 12 in the clockwise direction. At this time, a synchronous drive group connected to the anode plate 12 is also installed inside the mixing chamber for driving the plurality of anode plates 12 to slide synchronously.

[0035] A discharge nozzle 23 connected to the powder feed pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the contact surface of the anode plate 12. The powder can be directly transported to the inside of the mixing channel through the setting of the discharge nozzle 23, and the discharge nozzle 23 is preferably fixedly connected to a position on the contact surface close to the sliding surface, thereby reducing the impact on the sliding of the anode plate 12.

[0036] At this time, by synchronously sliding the anode plate 12, the anode plate 12 can be driven to move toward a position close to or away from the axis of the mixing channel, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the mixing channel. When the cross-sectional size of the mixing channel changes, the volume of the mixing channel changes. Since gas and powder are stored inside the mixing channel, and the amount of powder entering the mixing channel through the powder feed pipe 9 can be precisely controlled, the gas volume inside the mixing channel is the difference between the mixing channel volume and the powder volume inside the mixing channel, that is:

[0037] The gas volume inside the mixing channel V1 = the volume of the mixing channel V2 - the powder volume inside the mixing channel V3;

[0038] When the volume of gas inside the mixing channel is determined, the amount of gas inside the mixing channel can be controlled, so that the amount of gas entering the mixing channel can be accurately controlled. When the feed amounts of powder and gas inside the mixing channel can be accurately controlled, the powder feed amount can be accurately controlled when it changes. The amount of gas and the internal volume of the mixing channel can be accurately controlled, so that the mixing ratio of gas and powder inside the mixing channel can be accurately controlled to ensure the quality of spraying.

[0039] Specifically, a slide bar 13 is fixedly connected to the contact surface of the anode plate 12 , a slide groove 14 is provided on the sliding surface of the anode plate 12 , and the slide bar 13 is slidably connected to the slide groove 14 of the next anode plate 12 in the clockwise direction.

[0040] like Figure 2-Figure 6As shown, the synchronous drive group includes two fixed annular plates 11 and two rotating annular plates 16 fixedly connected to the inside of the mixing channel, the anode plate 12 is slidably connected between the two fixed annular plates 11, and the upper and lower ends of the anode plate 12 are fixedly connected with a round rod 19. A plurality of inclined grooves 15 are opened on the fixed annular plate 11, and the round rod 19 is slidably connected to the inside of the inclined groove 15. At this time, under the restriction of the inclined groove 15, the sliding trajectory of the anode plate 12 can be controlled. A plurality of force-bearing rods 15 are opened on the rotating annular plate 16. Groove 17, the round rod 19 is slidably connected to the inside of the force groove 17. At this time, by rotating the rotating annular plate 16, the force groove 17 can be used to push the round rod 19, allowing the round rod 19 to slide along the direction of the inclined groove 15. The spray gun body is also equipped with a self-locking rotary drive group that is transmission-connected to the rotating annular plate 16. The self-locking rotary drive group can drive the rotating annular plate 16 to rotate, provide rotational kinetic energy for the rotating annular plate 16, and lock the rotating annular plate 16 after the rotation is completed.

[0041] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the self-locking rotary drive group includes a meshing ring 20 and a worm 21. The meshing ring 20 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating circular plate 16, and the worm 21 is rotatably connected to the spray gun body. The worm 21 can be rotated by a motor or by hand. When the worm 21 rotates, it pushes the meshing ring 20, allowing the meshing ring 20 to drive the rotating circular plate 16 to rotate.

[0042] In addition, an arc groove 18 is provided on the fixed circular plate 11, and a connecting rod 22 passing through the arc groove 18 is fixedly connected between the two rotating circular plates 16. The connecting rod 22 is slidably connected inside the arc groove 18, thereby completing the synchronous rotation of the two rotating circular plates 16 and synchronously driving the two ends of the anode plate 12 to move.

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the spray gun body includes a head plate 24, the upper end of the head plate 24 is fixedly connected to the main shell 1, the conical gas collecting shell 2 and the discharge shell 3 in sequence, the air inlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the main shell 1, the powder feed pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the discharge shell 3, the adjustable anode mechanism 10 is installed inside the discharge shell 3, and a threaded rod 6 is threadedly connected to the head plate 24, one end of the threaded rod 6 is rotatably connected to the cathode mechanism. At this time, by rotating the threaded rod 6, the cathode mechanism can be driven to move inside the combination of the main shell 1 and the conical gas collecting shell 2, and the distance between the cathode mechanism and the conical gas collecting shell 2 can be adjusted, so that the cross-sectional area of the air intake channel between the cathode mechanism and the conical gas collecting shell 2 can be adjusted according to the air intake demand of the mixing channel.

[0044] Furthermore, a guide rod 7 is fixedly connected to the head plate 24 , and the cathode mechanism is slidably connected to the guide rod 7 for limiting and guiding the cathode mechanism.

[0045] The cathode mechanism includes a cylindrical structure 4, which is electrically connected to a high-frequency power supply and is slidably connected to a guide rod 7. One end of the cylindrical structure 4 close to the discharge shell 3 is fixedly connected to a conical structure 5. At this time, the shape setting of the conical structure 5 and the conical gas collecting shell 2 can conveniently control the size of the space between the conical structure 5 and the conical gas collecting shell 2.

[0046] At the same time, a cooling groove 25 is opened inside the side wall of the combination of the main shell 1, the conical gas collecting shell 2 and the discharge shell 3. The outer sides of the main shell 1 and the discharge shell 3 are respectively fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe connected to the cooling groove 25, which are used to supply and discharge water into and out of the cooling groove 25, complete the circulation of cooling water, and cool the spray gun body.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma spraying device capable of precisely controlling the ratio of gas and powder discharge, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spray gun body, wherein an air inlet chamber and a mixing chamber are provided in the interior of the spray gun body, a cathode mechanism is installed in the interior of the air inlet chamber, an adjustable anode mechanism (10) is installed in the interior of the mixing chamber, a mixing channel connected to the mixing chamber is provided at the axis center position of the adjustable anode mechanism (10), and the cross section of the mixing channel is adjustable; An air intake pipe (8) and a powder feed pipe (9) are fixedly connected to the outside of the spray gun body, the air intake pipe (8) is connected to the air intake cavity, and the powder feed pipe (9) is connected to the mixing channel; The adjustable anode mechanism (10) includes a plurality of anode plates (12) installed inside a mixing chamber, the plurality of anode plates (12) are arranged in an annular array, the mixing channel is the space between the plurality of anode plates (12), the plurality of anode plates (12) are arranged in an annular array with the axis of the mixing channel, the side of the anode plate (12) close to the axis of the mixing channel is a contact surface, the side of the anode plate (12) adjacent to the contact surface in the clockwise direction is a sliding surface, the contact surface of the anode plate (12) is slidably connected to the sliding surface of the next anode plate (12) in the clockwise direction, and a synchronous drive group connected to the anode plate (12) is also installed inside the mixing chamber; A discharge nozzle (23) connected to the powder feed pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the contact surface of the anode plate (12); The synchronous drive group includes two fixed circular plates (11) and two rotating circular plates (16) fixedly connected inside the mixing channel, the anode plate (12) is slidably connected between the two fixed circular plates (11), and the upper and lower ends of the anode plate (12) are fixedly connected with round rods (19), the fixed circular plates (11) are provided with a plurality of inclined grooves (15), and the round rods (19) are slidably connected inside the inclined grooves (15), the rotating circular plates (16) are provided with a plurality of force grooves (17), and the round rods (19) are slidably connected inside the force grooves (17), and the spray gun body is also equipped with a self-locking rotary drive group that is transmission-connected to the rotating circular plates (16).

2. A plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the gas and powder discharge ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking rotary drive group comprises a meshing ring (20) and a worm (21), wherein the meshing ring (20) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating circular plate (16), and the worm (21) is rotatably connected to the spray gun body.

3. The plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the gas and powder discharge ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: An arc groove (18) is provided on the fixed circular ring plate (11), and a connecting rod (22) penetrating the arc groove (18) is fixedly connected between the two rotating circular ring plates (16), and the connecting rod (22) is slidably connected inside the arc groove (18).

4. A plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the gas and powder discharge ratio according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The spray gun body includes a head plate (24), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a main shell (1), a conical gas collecting shell (2) and a discharge shell (3) in sequence, the air inlet pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the main shell (1), the powder feed pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the discharge shell (3), the adjustable anode mechanism (10) is installed inside the discharge shell (3), and a threaded rod (6) is threadedly connected to the head plate (24), and one end of the threaded rod (6) is rotatably connected to the cathode mechanism.

5. The plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the gas and powder discharge ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cathode mechanism comprises a cylindrical structure (4), and the cylindrical structure (4) is slidably connected to a guide rod (7), and one end of the cylindrical structure (4) close to the discharge shell (3) is fixedly connected to a conical structure (5).

6. The plasma spraying device capable of accurately controlling the gas and powder discharge ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cooling groove (25) is provided inside the side wall of the assembly of the main shell (1), the conical gas collecting shell (2) and the discharge shell (3), and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe connected to the cooling groove (25) are fixedly connected to the outside of the main shell (1) and the discharge shell (3).

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