Acid and alkali resistant ventilating washing basin

Abstract

The invention provides an acid and alkali resistant ventilation washing basin, and belongs to the technical field of application of air flow as shielding, the acid and alkali resistant ventilation washing basin comprises a body, a sleeve, an air outlet pipe and a plurality of air suction holes, the sleeve surrounds the outer wall of the body to form an air suction cavity, and air is sucked through the air suction holes in a negative pressure mode to reduce harmful gas released into air. Accurate control over system power is achieved by establishing a complete mathematical model system comprising a negative pressure air suction power equation, a flow field distribution equation and an energy loss equation. According to the scheme, firstly, system operation parameters including flow, pressure difference and other physical quantities are obtained, then the parameters are substituted into three basic equations, and the optimal power gear is obtained by solving an optimization model. The system automatically adjusts the power according to a calculation result, and energy efficiency optimization is achieved. The technical problems that in the prior art, a porous air suction system cannot accurately control the negative pressure power under different working conditions, the air suction efficiency is low, and energy consumption is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of application of air flow as shielding, and in particular relates to an acid- and alkali-resistant ventilated washing basin. Background Art

[0002] In chemical laboratories, biological laboratories and other places, acid and alkali resistant ventilated wash basins are a common experimental equipment, mainly used to treat harmful gases generated during the experiment. Traditional acid and alkali resistant ventilated wash basins usually use a single-power negative pressure device for gas extraction, and collect harmful gases by setting multiple suction holes around the wash basin. This design has been widely used in practical applications and can basically meet the daily operation needs of laboratories.

[0003] However, the traditional acid- and alkali-resistant ventilated washing basin has obvious technical defects in actual use. First, the single-power negative pressure device cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the amount of harmful gases produced under different experimental conditions, resulting in energy waste under low-load conditions and failure to meet the suction requirements under high-load conditions. Secondly, the synergistic effect between multiple suction holes has not been fully considered, and airflow interference may occur between the suction holes, reducing the overall suction efficiency. Thirdly, the traditional design lacks a systematic analysis of the system's energy loss, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. In addition, due to the lack of a scientific power optimization model, the automatic selection of the optimal working state cannot be achieved, which increases the difficulty of use for operators.

[0004] At present, the industry has proposed some improvement plans, such as using frequency conversion control technology to adjust the negative pressure power, or improving the suction efficiency by optimizing the suction hole layout. However, these plans still have limitations: although frequency conversion control technology can achieve power adjustment, it is unable to determine the optimal power level due to the lack of in-depth analysis of the flow field characteristics of the multi-hole suction system; and the simple optimization of the suction hole layout cannot solve the problem of excessive energy loss in the system. Therefore, how to achieve optimal control of system power while ensuring the suction effect has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the porous suction system cannot accurately control the negative pressure power under different working conditions, resulting in low suction efficiency and high energy consumption.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention provides an acid-base resistant ventilated washing basin having a round basin-shaped body, the top of the inner wall of the body is provided with an edge, a sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the body away from the top, and the cross section of the sleeve is partially elliptical, and the two ends of the partially elliptical are provided with a pasting part, the pasting part and the outer wall of the body are pasted around the outer wall of the body by bonding, the sleeve and the outer wall form a ventilation cavity, and the maximum height in the ventilation cavity is h 0 The width of the ventilation cavity at the application site is l 0 The vertical center of the outer wall of the main body surrounded by the ventilation cavity is the average radius r 0 The major axis of the partial ellipse of the casing section is a 0 , the minor axis is b 0 The center point of the partial ellipse is the geometric center of the body, the major axis is on the vertical line passing through the geometric center, an air suction hole is opened at the application part of the outer wall of the body, the air suction hole is rectangular or elliptical track shape, the geometric center of the air suction hole is on the same horizontal line as the geometric center of the sleeve, and the height of the air suction hole is h 1 , the width of the air suction hole is w 1 ; It also includes an air outlet pipe, which is vertically attached to the outer wall of the body and forms an air outlet cavity, the ventilation cavity is connected to the air outlet cavity, and a connecting portion is provided at a position of the air outlet pipe away from the ventilation cavity for connecting to a negative pressure device; the air suction hole closest to the air outlet pipe is denoted as K 0 , the air intake hole farthest from the air outlet pipe is marked as K k , k represents the number of air outlet holes; when the negative pressure device is started, negative pressure is formed in the air outlet cavity and the ventilation cavity, so that air is sucked in from the air suction hole, and the sucked air is discharged to the air purification device after passing through the negative pressure device, which is used to reduce the harmful gases generated during the washing process from being discharged into the external environment; the negative pressure device provides 2 to 3 power gears, and the power gears are multiple optimal solutions corresponding to the preset negative pressure suction power selection model; the negative pressure suction power selection model includes a negative pressure suction power equation, a flow field distribution equation and an energy loss equation; the negative pressure suction power equation is used to calculate the negative pressure system under different working conditions The power required for the system to operate under the load includes three components: fluid flow energy, kinetic energy change and pressure difference power. The relative importance of each part is reflected through the coefficient matrix, and the error term is set to consider the influence of calculation and measurement errors; the flow field distribution equation is used to describe the flow field distribution in the system and optimize the synergistic effect of the porous suction. The potential function form is used to combine the influence of each suction hole through the superposition principle, and the viscosity effect and pressure gradient influence are considered at the same time; the energy loss equation is used to calculate various energy losses during the operation of the system, including along-the-way loss, local loss and temperature change, and the relative importance of each part is balanced through the coefficient matrix.

[0007] The vent holes on the inner wall of the main body have a radius decreasing from bottom to top.

[0008] Wherein, it also includes a support member, and the support member is used to press the sleeve onto the outer wall of the body.

[0009] Wherein, the main body is made of stainless steel, the thickness of the main body is 8-12 mm, and the height of the main body is 200-400 mm.

[0010] The width of the edge is 20 to 30 mm, the thickness of the edge is 10 to 15 mm, and the edge forms an angle of 85 to 95 degrees with the body.

[0011] The sleeve is made of PE or PP material, the wall thickness of the sleeve is 3-5 mm, and the sleeve and the body are bonded with epoxy resin glue.

[0012] Wherein, the maximum height h of the ventilation cavity 0 The width of the ventilation cavity at the application site is 30 to 50 mm. 0 20~40mm.

[0013] The average radius r of the outer wall of the main body surrounded by the ventilation cavity is 0 is 300 to 500 mm, and the major axis a of the elliptical cross-section of the casing 0 40~60mm, short axis b 0 25~35mm.

[0014] The air suction holes are in the shape of an elliptical track, the length of the air suction holes is 60 to 80 mm, the width is 20 to 30 mm, and the number of the air suction holes is 6 to 10.

[0015] Wherein, the air outlet pipe is made of ABS material, the wall thickness of the air outlet pipe is 4-6 mm, and the inner diameter of the air outlet pipe is 50-70 mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an acid- and alkali-resistant ventilated washing basin. The present invention proposes an intelligent control scheme based on the negative pressure suction power optimization model. By establishing a complete mathematical model including the negative pressure suction power equation, the flow field distribution equation and the energy loss equation, the system power can be precisely controlled. The scheme comprehensively considers multiple factors such as fluid flow characteristics, porous synergy effect and system energy loss, so that the system can automatically select the optimal power gear according to the actual working conditions.

[0017] The solution of the present invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional technologies. Through the negative pressure suction power equation, the system can accurately calculate the minimum power required under different working conditions, avoiding energy waste; through the flow field distribution equation, an accurate description of the synergistic effect of multi-hole suction is achieved, improving the overall suction efficiency; through the energy loss equation, various forms of energy loss are systematically analyzed, providing a theoretical basis for power optimization. At the same time, the solution also establishes a complete parameter acquisition system to ensure the practicality and reliability of the model.

[0018] The present invention successfully solves the technical problem of power control of a porous suction system. Its innovation lies in the establishment of a complete theoretical model system, combining fluid mechanics theory with engineering practice, and realizing intelligent optimization of system power. By guiding the operation of the system through a scientific mathematical model, it not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also enhances the adaptability and reliability of the system. In summary, the present invention solves the technical problem in the prior art that the porous suction system cannot accurately control the negative pressure power under different working conditions, resulting in low suction efficiency and high energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure and size markings of the ventilation cavity related components; (A) is a diagram of the vertical style of the inner wall of the body, and (B) is a diagram of the inner wall of the body shrinking from bottom to top;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of ventilation hole size marking; (A) is a rectangular ventilation hole, (B) is an elliptical racetrack ventilation hole;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical structure of the inner wall of the body;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the inner wall of the body contracts inwards;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a washing basin in the shape of a rectangular racetrack;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a rectangular washing basin.

[0026] In the drawings, the reference numerals are specifically: 10, body; 101, edge; 11, sleeve; 12, support member; 13, air outlet pipe; 14, air suction hole; the drawings also include a plurality of size marks, namely: h 0 , maximum height in the ventilation cavity; l 0 , the width of the ventilation cavity at the application site; h 1, height of air intake hole; w 1 , the width of the air intake hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1-3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an acid-base resistant ventilated washing basin provided by the present invention and a partial schematic diagram thereof. The acid-base resistant ventilated washing basin provided by the present invention has a round basin-shaped body, the top of the inner wall of the body is provided with an edge, a sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the body away from the top and is surrounded and pasted, the cross section of the sleeve is partially elliptical, and the two ends of the partially elliptical are provided with pasting parts, the pasting parts and the outer wall of the body are pasted around the outer wall of the body by bonding, the sleeve and the outer wall form a ventilation cavity, and the maximum height in the ventilation cavity is h 0 The width of the ventilation cavity at the application site is l 0 The vertical center of the outer wall of the main body surrounded by the ventilation cavity is the average radius r 0 The major axis of the partial ellipse of the casing section is a 0 , the minor axis is b 0 The center point of the partial ellipse is the geometric center of the body, the major axis is on the vertical line passing through the geometric center, an air suction hole is opened at the application part of the outer wall of the body, the air suction hole is rectangular or elliptical track shape, the geometric center of the air suction hole is on the same horizontal line as the geometric center of the sleeve, and the height of the air suction hole is h 1 , the width of the air suction hole is w 1 ; It also includes an air outlet pipe, which is vertically attached to the outer wall of the body and forms an air outlet cavity, the ventilation cavity is connected to the air outlet cavity, and a connecting portion is provided at a position of the air outlet pipe away from the ventilation cavity for connecting to a negative pressure device; the air suction hole closest to the air outlet pipe is denoted as K 0 , the air intake hole farthest from the air outlet pipe is marked as K k, k represents the number of air outlet holes; when the negative pressure device is started, negative pressure is formed in the air outlet cavity and the ventilation cavity, so that air is sucked in from the air suction hole, and the sucked air is discharged to the air purification device after passing through the negative pressure device, which is used to reduce the harmful gases generated during the washing process from being discharged into the external environment; the negative pressure device provides 2 to 3 power gears, and the power gears are multiple optimal solutions corresponding to the preset negative pressure suction power selection model; the negative pressure suction power selection model includes a negative pressure suction power equation, a flow field distribution equation and an energy loss equation; the negative pressure suction power equation is used to calculate the negative pressure system under different working conditions The power required for the system to operate under the load includes three components: fluid flow energy, kinetic energy change and pressure difference power. The relative importance of each part is reflected through the coefficient matrix, and the error term is set to consider the influence of calculation and measurement errors; the flow field distribution equation is used to describe the flow field distribution in the system and optimize the synergistic effect of the porous suction. The potential function form is used to combine the influence of each suction hole through the superposition principle, and the viscosity effect and pressure gradient influence are considered at the same time; the energy loss equation is used to calculate various energy losses during the operation of the system, including along-the-way loss, local loss and temperature change, and the relative importance of each part is balanced through the coefficient matrix.

[0029] The negative pressure suction power optimization model includes a negative pressure suction power equation, a flow field distribution equation and an energy loss equation, and these three equations are interrelated to form a complete model system.

[0030] The negative pressure suction power equation takes into account the energy required for fluid movement from the perspective of energy conversion, including the power required to overcome the resistance of fluid flow, the change in fluid kinetic energy, and the work done by pressure. The coefficients of the equation reflect the relative importance of each part, and the error term takes into account the influence of calculation and measurement errors. This equation is directly related to the actual power consumption of the equipment.

[0031] The flow field distribution equation is based on fluid mechanics theory and describes the flow field distribution in the entire ventilation system. The equation uses the form of a potential function to combine the effects of each air intake hole through the superposition principle, while taking into account the effects of viscosity and pressure gradient. This equation can help predict and optimize the flow field distribution of the system and avoid dead zones or local vortices.

[0032] The energy loss equation calculates various energy losses during system operation from the perspective of engineering practice, including along-the-line losses, local losses, and the impact of temperature changes. This equation helps evaluate the energy efficiency of the system and provides a basis for optimizing system design.

[0033] These three equations are coupled with each other through their respective variables and parameters to form a complete optimization model. The solution of the model needs to satisfy these three equations and related constraints at the same time, and finally obtain the optimal power level under different working conditions. Each power level corresponds to a specific combination of working parameters, including the flow rate, pressure difference and other parameters of each air suction hole.

[0034] The negative pressure suction power equation is specifically expressed as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Where, P is the negative pressure suction power, unit is W; Q i is the volume flow rate of the i-th air suction hole, in m 3 / s; A i is the area of ​​the i-th air suction hole, in m 2 ;v i is the air velocity at the i-th air suction hole, in m / s; g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 9.81 m / s 2 ; Δp is the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ventilation cavity, in Pa; α 1 , α 2 , α 3 is the unknown coefficient; η is the error term, ranging from 0.01 to 0.05.

[0037] The parameter acquisition method is:

[0038] Q i The specific steps are as follows: 1) Place the anemometer 5 cm in front of the air intake hole; 2) Measure the average wind speed within 1 minute; 3) According to the formula Q i =v i A i Calculated.

[0039] A i Calculate based on the size of the air intake hole: If it is a rectangle, A i =h 1 w 1 ; If it is an elliptical track, A i =πh 1 w 1 / 4+h 1 w 1 / 2.

[0040] Δp is measured by a differential pressure gauge.

[0041] The flow field distribution equation is specifically expressed as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Where Φ(x, y, z) is the flow field potential function at any point (x, y, z) in space; i ,y i , z i ) is the center coordinate of the i-th air suction hole; is the Laplace operator of the velocity field; is the pressure gradient; β 1 , β 2 is the unknown coefficient; μ is the error term, ranging from 0.02 to 0.06.

[0044] The parameter acquisition method is:

[0045] (x i ,y i , z i ) is obtained through actual measurement, and a Cartesian coordinate system is established with the bottom center of the body as the origin for measurement.

[0046] Compute by finite difference method:

[0047] Obtained by interpolation after multi-point pressure measurement.

[0048] The energy loss equation is specifically expressed as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Where, E is the system energy loss, unit is J; λ i is the loss coefficient along the i-th section of the pipeline; L i is the length of the i-th section of the pipeline, in meters; d i is the equivalent diameter of the i-th section of the pipeline, in m; ζ i is the local loss coefficient; T is the operating temperature, in K; γ 1 , γ 2 , γ 3 is the unknown coefficient; σ is the error term, ranging from 0.03 to 0.07.

[0051] The parameter acquisition method is:

[0052] λ i Obtained through experiments: 1) Measure the pressure difference between the two ends of the pipe section; 2) Measure the flow rate; 3) Calculate according to the Darcy-Weisbach formula.

[0053] ζ i By looking up the table, the value for elbow is 1.5, the value for tee is 2.0, and the value for sudden expansion is 0.5.

[0054] d i For non-circular cross-sections, the equivalent diameter is calculated: Where A is the flow area and C is the wetted perimeter.

[0055] The constraints include:

[0056] 1) Power range: 50W≤P≤150W;

[0057] 2) Flow rate limit: 0.5m / s≤v i ≤5m / s;

[0058] 3) Pressure difference range: 50Pa≤Δp≤500Pa;

[0059] 4) Temperature range: 283K≤T≤323K.

[0060] Equation principle explanation:

[0061] 1) The negative pressure suction power equation takes into account the three main influencing factors of flow rate, kinetic energy and pressure difference, and adopts a linear superposition form. The flow term uses the ratio of flow rate to area to reflect the actual suction force of each suction hole, the kinetic energy term considers the energy loss of air flow movement, and the pressure difference term reflects the overall pressure characteristics of the system;

[0062] 2) The flow field distribution equation is based on potential flow theory and uses the point source superposition method to describe the flow field characteristics of porous suction. At the same time, the viscosity term (Laplace term) and pressure gradient term are introduced to consider the dissipation effect of the actual flow;

[0063] 3) The energy loss equation is based on the principles of pipeline engineering and takes into account the along-the-line loss, local loss and temperature effects. The along-the-line loss is calculated using the Darcy formula, the local loss is calculated using the loss coefficient method, and the temperature term takes into account the changes in fluid properties with temperature.

[0064] Among them, v i There are two main ways to obtain:

[0065] 1) Direct measurement method:

[0066] Use a hot wire anemometer to measure at each air intake:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, v i is the average wind speed of the ith air suction hole; v ij is the wind speed value measured at the jth time at the ith air suction hole; n is the number of measurements, which is recommended to be no less than 10 times.

[0069] 2) Indirect calculation method:

[0070] Calculations are based on the continuity equation and Bernoulli's equation:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, Δp i is the pressure difference at the i-th air suction hole, in Pa; ρ a is the air density, in kg / m 3 ; A i is the area of ​​the air suction hole, in m 2 ; A 0 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation cavity, in m 2 .

[0073] Among them, ρ a It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Where P a is the atmospheric pressure, in Pa; R is the air gas constant, which is 287.1 J / (kg·K); T is the air temperature, in K.

[0076] Δp i The measurement steps are:

[0077] 1) Arrange a pressure measuring point before and after the air suction hole;

[0078] 2) Use a digital differential pressure gauge to measure the pressure difference between two points;

[0079] 3) Measure each measuring point 5 times and take the average value.

[0080] In order to improve the calculation accuracy, the correction factor needs to be considered:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, is the corrected wind speed; C d is the correction coefficient, ranging from 0.6 to 0.9, and can be calibrated in the following ways:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, v measured is the wind speed value obtained by direct measurement; v calculated is the wind speed value obtained by theoretical calculation.

[0085] Measurement Notes:

[0086] 1) The anemometer probe should be perpendicular to the airflow direction;

[0087] 2) The measuring point should be located on the central axis of the air suction hole;

[0088] 3) Avoid interference from ambient airflow;

[0089] 4) Keep the negative pressure device working stably.

[0090] Compared with the existing technology, this solution takes into account the synergistic effect of porous air suction, ensuring positive synergistic effect and negative synergistic effect. Specifically:

[0091] The synergistic effect of porous suction is explained in detail below.

[0092] 1) Positive synergy effect:

[0093] It can be seen from the flow field distribution equation that the synergistic enhancement effect of porous air suction is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0094] Xiang said that when the distance between multiple suction holes is moderate, the superposition of the flow fields of each suction hole will form a local strengthening area, enhancing the overall suction effect;

[0095] This positive effect can be quantified by the gradient of the flow field potential function:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, is the overall flow field gradient; is the flow field gradient of a single suction hole.

[0098] 2) Negative synergy effects:

[0099] From the energy loss equation, it can be found that the negative interference of porous suction is mainly manifested as:

[0100] The term reflects that when the air suction holes are too dense, the local resistance will increase;

[0101] The term indicates that the airflow interference between multiple suction holes will cause additional local losses.

[0102] 3) Quantitative characterization of synergistic effect:

[0103] The synergy coefficient ψ is introduced to describe this effect:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, Q total is the actual total flow of the system; It is the sum of the flow rates of each suction hole when it works independently.

[0106] When ψ>1, it indicates that the positive synergistic effect is dominant;

[0107] When ψ<1, it means that the negative synergistic effect is dominant;

[0108] When ψ=1, it means there is no obvious synergistic effect.

[0109] 4) Analysis of influencing factors:

[0110] The strength of the synergistic effect is related to the following parameters:

[0111] a) Air suction hole spacing:

[0112] b) Flow ratio:

[0113] c) Pressure gradient:

[0114] 5) Optimization strategy:

[0115] Based on the above analysis, the synergy effect can be optimized in the following ways:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, is the optimal air suction hole spacing; Δp max is the maximum allowable pressure drop.

[0118] This optimization takes into account the following constraints:

[0119] 1) 0.5D 0 ≤D ij ≤2D 0 , where D 0 is the reference spacing;

[0120] 2)0.8≤ξ ij ≤1.2, ensuring uniform flow of each hole;

[0121] 3) Where Δp cr is the critical pressure gradient.

[0122] Compared with the existing technology, this solution takes into account the synergistic effect of multi-hole air suction and can:

[0123] 1) Optimize suction efficiency:

[0124] Through the quantitative evaluation of the flow field distribution equation Φ(x, y, z) and the coordination coefficient ψ, the optimal suction hole layout can be accurately calculated, which can improve the suction efficiency by 15% to 25% under the same power conditions;

[0125] 2) Reduce energy consumption:

[0126] Based on the analysis of the energy loss equation E, by optimizing the spacing of the air suction holes It can reduce 20% to 30% of system energy loss and achieve energy saving and consumption reduction;

[0127] 3) Improve stability:

[0128] Using the gradient analysis of flow field potential function It can eliminate local eddies and dead zones, making the flow field distribution of the suction system more uniform and improving the system stability by more than 90%;

[0129] 4) Realize adaptive adjustment:

[0130] By real-time monitoring of the synergy coefficient ψ and pressure gradient The system can automatically adjust the negative pressure power according to changes in working conditions, so that the suction effect is always maintained at the best state.

[0131] The following provides steps for solving the negative pressure suction power optimization model to obtain the negative pressure suction power gear.

[0132] 1) Based on the negative pressure suction power equation:

[0133]

[0134] 2) Based on the flow field distribution equation:

[0135]

[0136] 3) Based on the energy loss equation:

[0137]

[0138] By solving the above equations, the relationship between the three power levels and the parameters can be obtained:

[0139] Gear 1 (low gear):

[0140]

[0141] Applicable conditions: Δp≤200Pa, v i ≤2m / s.

[0142] Gear 2 (Mid-range):

[0143]

[0144] Applicable conditions: 200Pa<Δp≤350Pa, 2m / s <v i ≤3.5m / s.

[0145] Gear 3 (high):

[0146]

[0147] Applicable conditions: 350Pa<Δp≤500Pa, 3.5m / s <v i ≤5m / s.

[0148] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is: the negative pressure suction power selection model adopted by the present invention is based on the basic theory of fluid mechanics, which simplifies the complex multi-hole suction system into a computable mathematical model. Its core principle is to describe the working characteristics of the system through three mutually coupled equations: the negative pressure suction power equation reflects the energy conversion process of the system, the flow field distribution equation describes the law of airflow movement, and the energy loss equation quantifies various types of losses. This multi-equation coupling method allows the physical process of the system to be accurately quantified and optimized.

[0149] In the specific implementation, the negative pressure suction power equation takes into account the three main energy components of fluid motion: the power required to overcome flow resistance, the change in fluid kinetic energy, and the work done by pressure. By introducing unknown coefficients, the equation can flexibly adjust the weights of each part according to actual working conditions. The flow field distribution equation is based on potential flow theory and uses the point source superposition method to describe the synergistic effect of multiple suction holes. It also takes into account the effects of viscosity and pressure gradient, making the calculation of flow field distribution more accurate. The energy loss equation is based on engineering practice and systematically considers various types of losses, including along-the-line losses, local losses, and the effects of temperature changes.

[0150] These three equations are coupled with each other through common variables and parameters to form a complete optimization system. The system calculates the optimal power gear under the current working conditions by monitoring various parameters in real time and combining them with preset constraints. This optimization method based on theoretical models not only ensures the scientific nature of the calculation results, but also ensures the reliability of system operation.

[0151] In addition, the top of the inner wall of the main body includes a vertical structure or an inwardly contracted structure, specifically Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown.

[0152] In addition, the entire washing basin can also be in the shape of a rectangular racetrack or a rectangle, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 or Figure 7 shown.

[0153] A specific embodiment of the present invention is provided below: When a certain unit was developing a new type of acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin, it conducted in-depth research on the power control problem of the multi-hole suction system. Based on the negative pressure suction power optimization model, the research team successfully developed an intelligent negative pressure control system through theoretical analysis and experimental verification.

[0154] The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin selected by the institute has the following basic parameters: the maximum height of the ventilation cavity h 080mm, width of application l 0 The vertical center average radius r of the outer wall of the main body is 30 mm. 0 The cross section of the casing is partially elliptical, with the major axis a 0 100mm, short axis b 0 8 air suction holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the main body, and the height of each air suction hole is h 1 40mm, width w 1 The research team measured the parameters and evaluated the performance of the system and obtained a series of basic data.

[0155] First, the research team measured the basic parameters of each air intake hole. The measurement results are shown in Table 1:

[0156] Table 1 Measurement results of basic parameters of each suction hole

[0157] Air suction hole number Distance from air outlet pipe (mm) Horizontal coordinate x(mm) Longitudinal coordinate y(mm) Vertical coordinate z(mm) <![CDATA[K 0 ]]> 150 435 0 320 <![CDATA[K 1 ]]> 280 318 318 320 <![CDATA[K 2 ]]> 450 0 435 320 <![CDATA[K 3 ]]> 580 -318 318 320 <![CDATA[K 4 ]]> 640 -435 0 320 <![CDATA[K 5 ]]> 580 -318 -318 320 <![CDATA[K 6 ]]> 450 0 -435 320 <![CDATA[K 7 ]]> 280 318 -318 320

[0158] The wind speed data of each air suction hole under different working conditions were obtained by multiple measurements with a hot wire anemometer. The specific measurement results are shown in Table 2:

[0159] Table 2 Wind speed measurement results of each suction hole

[0160] Air suction hole number Low wind speed (m / s) Medium wind speed (m / s) High wind speed (m / s) <![CDATA[K 0 ]]> 1.82 2.95 4.38 <![CDATA[K 1 ]]> 1.75 2.88 4.25 <![CDATA[K 2 ]]> 1.68 2.76 4.12 <![CDATA[K 3 ]]> 1.62 2.70 4.05 <![CDATA[K 4 ]]> 1.58 2.65 3.98 <![CDATA[K 5 ]]> 1.62 2.70 4.05 <![CDATA[K 6 ]]> 1.68 2.76 4.12 <![CDATA[K 7 ]]> 1.75 2.88 4.25

[0161] Based on the measured data, the research team calculated various parameters of the system. The first is the unknown coefficient in the negative pressure suction power equation, which was obtained by least squares fitting: α 1 =0.85,α 2 =0.72,α 3 =0.68. Through numerical simulation and experimental verification, the researchers determined the unknown coefficient in the flow field distribution equation: β 1 =0.45, β 2 =0.38. At the same time, the unknown coefficients in the energy loss equation are obtained through energy balance analysis: γ 1 =0.78,γ 2 =0.65,γ 3 =0.52.

[0162] When conducting the system energy loss analysis, the research team measured various parameters of the pipeline system. The results are shown in Table 3:

[0163] Table 3 Measurement results of pipeline system parameters

[0164] Pipe segment number Length(mm) Equivalent diameter(mm) Loss coefficient along the way Local loss coefficient 1 280 45 0.038 1.5 2 320 45 0.042 2.0 3 360 50 0.035 0.5 4 400 50 0.036 1.5

[0165] Based on these parameters, the research team established a complete negative pressure suction power optimization model. In actual operation, the system automatically calculates the optimal power level by monitoring various parameters in real time. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0166] First calculate the negative pressure suction power:

[0167] Calculate the flow field distribution:

[0168] Calculate the energy loss:

[0169] The research team conducted multiple tests on the system and obtained operating data under different working conditions, as shown in Table 4:

[0170] Table 4 System operating parameters under different working conditions

[0171] Condition No. Pressure difference (Pa) Temperature (K) <![CDATA[Total flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> Power(W) Energy loss (J) 1 180 293 0.42 85 62 2 320 298 0.68 115 86 3 460 303 0.95 142 108

[0172] In order to evaluate the synergistic effect of the system, the research team calculated the synergy coefficient ψ under different working conditions. The results are shown in Table 5:

[0173] Table 5 Synergy coefficient under different working conditions

[0174] Condition No. <![CDATA[Actual total flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> <![CDATA[Theoretical total flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> Synergy coefficient 1 0.42 0.38 1.105 2 0.68 0.62 1.097 3 0.95 0.88 1.080

[0175] Through long-term operation tests, the research team summarized the performance characteristics of the system at different power levels, as shown in Table 6:

[0176] Table 6 Performance characteristics of different power levels

[0177] Power level Pressure difference range(Pa) Wind speed range (m / s) Energy utilization rate (%) Low Range 52-57 0.5-2.0 92.5 Mid-range 77-79 2.1-3.5 89.8 upscale 131-143 3.6-5.0 86.2

[0178] Traditional acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basins mainly use single power negative pressure devices, which cannot adjust the power according to actual working conditions, resulting in low energy efficiency. Although some improved models use variable frequency control technology, due to the lack of in-depth analysis of the flow field characteristics of the multi-hole suction system, it is impossible to determine the optimal power level, and the actual operating effect is still not ideal.

[0179] In comparison, the control scheme based on the negative pressure suction power optimization model of the present invention has significant advantages: first, by establishing a complete mathematical model system, precise control of the system power is achieved, and the energy utilization rate is improved by more than 15%; second, through the accurate description of the porous synergistic effect, the overall suction efficiency of the system is improved by about 20%; third, based on the analysis of the energy loss equation, the operating energy consumption of the system is reduced by more than 25%.

[0180] It can be seen from this embodiment that the control scheme based on the negative pressure suction power optimization model not only solves the power control problem existing in the traditional technology, but also realizes the overall improvement of system performance, which can be achieved by the R&D team based on the three set gears. Practice has proved that this scheme has good practicality and reliability, and can be widely used in various occasions that require precise control of negative pressure power.

[0181] The following provides Example 2 of a specific application scenario including the design and process of the entire washing basin: The washing basin adopts a special structural design and material ratio, with 101 suction holes evenly arranged on the circumference, and cooperates with an advanced negative pressure control system to achieve efficient collection and treatment of harmful gases in a large space.

[0182] The washing basin is made of modified polypropylene material. The specific material composition is shown in Table 7:

[0183] Table 7 Wash basin material composition and performance parameters

[0184] Material composition Mass fraction (%) Acid resistance (pH) Alkali resistance (pH) Service life (years) Modified polypropylene matrix 82.5 1-7 7-14 15 Nano Silica 8.5 0-14 0-14 20 Antioxidants 4.2 2-12 2-12 10 Toughening agent 3.8 3-11 3-11 12 Other additives 1.0 2-12 2-12 8

[0185] The wash basin body adopts a circular design, and the geometric parameters are as follows: the maximum height h in the ventilation cavity 0 120mm, width of application l 0 The vertical center average radius r of the outer wall of the main body is 45 mm. 0 The cross section of the casing is partially elliptical, with the major axis a 0 150mm, short axis b 0 90mm. 101 suction holes are evenly distributed on the circumference, and the circumferential angle interval between adjacent suction holes is 3.5644°. The basic dimensions of each suction hole are: height h 1 =50mm, width w 1 =25mm. The specific air suction hole distribution parameters are shown in Table 8:

[0186] Table 8 Typical suction hole position parameters (selected parts)

[0187] Air suction hole number Azimuth (°) Horizontal coordinate x(mm) Longitudinal coordinate y(mm) Vertical coordinate z(mm) <![CDATA[K o ]]> 0 1200 0 350 <![CDATA[K 25 ]]> 89.11 17 1199 350 <![CDATA[K 50 ]]> 178.22 -1198 52 350 <![CDATA[K 75 ]]> 267.33 52 -1198 350 <![CDATA[K 100 ]]> 356.44 1197 -69 350

[0188] Taking into account the characteristics of the circular distribution, the research team established a more accurate negative pressure suction power optimization model. The negative pressure suction power equation takes into account the position influence of the circular distribution, and the revised equation is:

[0189]

[0190] Among them, ω i is the circumferential position weight factor, and the calculation formula is:

[0191]

[0192] The research team conducted a comprehensive wind speed test on the system and obtained the key operating parameters under different working conditions, as shown in Table 9:

[0193] Table 9 System operation parameter test results

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] According to the characteristics of circumferential distribution, the flow field distribution equation is improved accordingly:

[0197]

[0198] Among them, θ is the flow field interference factor in the circumferential direction, and its distribution is shown in Table 10:

[0199] Table 10 Distribution of interference factors of flow field in circumferential direction

[0200] Area range (°) Low range θ Mid-range θ High-end 0-90 0.082 0.125 0.168 90-180 0.078 0.119 0.162 180-270 0.075 0.115 0.158 270-360 0.080 0.122 0.165

[0201] The improved energy loss equation takes into account the characteristics of the circular distribution:

[0202]

[0203] Among them, ξ_c is the circumferential distribution loss coefficient, and the test results are shown in Table 11:

[0204] Table 11 Circumferential distribution loss coefficient

[0205] Circumference Friction loss Local loss Comprehensive loss factor 0°-90° 0.142 0.085 0.227 90°-180° 0.138 0.082 0.220 180°-270° 0.135 0.080 0.215 270°-360° 0.140 0.083 0.223

[0206] The research team conducted a detailed wind speed test on the system, selecting typical air intake holes on the circumference for measurement. The results are shown in Table 12:

[0207] Table 12 Typical air suction hole wind speed test results

[0208]

[0209]

[0210] Based on a large amount of experimental data, the operating parameters of the system at different power levels are shown in Table 13:

[0211] Table 13 System operation parameter analysis

[0212] Operating conditions <![CDATA[Total flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> Pressure difference (Pa) Power(W) Energy loss (J) efficiency(%) Low load 2.85 82 58 42 94.2 Medium load 4.65 145 98 72 92.5 High load 7.25 215 145 108 90.8

[0213] Through long-term operation tests, the performance characteristics of the system at three power levels are summarized as shown in Table 14:

[0214] Table 14 System power gear characteristics

[0215] Power level Power range(W) Pressure difference range(Pa) Wind speed range (m / s) <![CDATA[Energy consumption index (W·h / m 3 )]]> Low Range 55-65 75-85 1.4-1.6 0.021 Mid-range 92-102 140-150 2.3-2.5 0.024 upscale 141-151 210-220 3.6-3.9 0.028

[0216] To evaluate the synergistic effect of the system, the research team analyzed the flow field interactions of different circumferential segments. The results are shown in Table 15:

[0217] Table 15 Analysis of synergistic effect of circular segments

[0218] Circumferential segment combination <![CDATA[Theoretical flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> <![CDATA[Actual flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> Synergy coefficient Interference level 0°-90° 0.72 0.78 1.083 Low 90°-180° 0.70 0.75 1.071 Low 180°-270° 0.71 0.76 1.070 Low 270°-360° 0.72 0.77 1.069 Low

[0219] Traditional ventilated washing basin systems mainly adopt single-row or multi-row air suction hole designs, which have problems such as uneven gas collection and low power control accuracy. Through comparative analysis, this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0220] First, by evenly distributing 101 suction holes on the circumference, the uniformity of gas collection is significantly improved. Measured data show that the difference in the synergy coefficient of each circumferential segment of the system does not exceed 2%, which is much better than the traditional design. Secondly, by establishing a negative pressure suction power equation that takes into account the circumferential position weight, more precise power control is achieved. The wind speed of 1.4-1.6m / s can be achieved when the low-speed power is only 55-65W. Third, by introducing the circumferential flow field interference factor, the system operation is more stable, and the energy consumption index is as low as 0.021W·h / m 3 Finally, the system achieves ultra-fine power regulation, with the power range of each gear controlled within 10W.

[0221] The process flow of this embodiment is as follows: first, the washing basin body is made by precision injection molding, and 101 suction holes are accurately processed on the circumference by a CNC machining center, with the position accuracy controlled within ±0.1mm. A special positioning tool is used when installing the sleeve to ensure that the circumferential coaxiality error does not exceed 0.2mm. During the system debugging stage, the operating parameters are collected in real time through high-precision sensors, and the control system calculates the optimal power gear according to the negative pressure suction power selection model to ensure that the system always works in the best state.

[0222] This embodiment 3 successfully solves the problems existing in the conventional technology through an accurate power control strategy. Experiments have shown that this solution achieves a good air suction effect through the three power levels set.

[0223] It should be noted that the variables involved in the present invention are explained in detail as shown in Table 16 below.

[0224] Table 16 Variable explanation table

[0225]

[0226] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin, characterized in that: A body having a circular basin shape, wherein the top of the inner wall of the body is provided with an edge, a sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the body at a distance from the top and is surrounded and pasted, the cross section of the sleeve is a partial ellipse, and pasting parts are provided at both ends of the partial ellipse, and the pasting parts are pasted around the outer wall of the body by bonding, and the sleeve and the outer wall form a ventilation cavity, the maximum height of the ventilation cavity is h0, the width of the ventilation cavity at the pasting position is l0, the vertical center of the outer wall of the body surrounded by the ventilation cavity is a circle with an average radius of r0, the major axis of the partial ellipse of the sleeve cross section is a0, the minor axis is b0, and the center point of the partial ellipse is the center of the body. The geometric center of the main body is formed by a long axis on a vertical line passing through the geometric center. An air suction hole is provided at the attachment point of the outer wall of the main body. The air suction hole is in the shape of a rectangle or an elliptical runway. The geometric center of the air suction hole is on the same horizontal line as the geometric center of the sleeve. The height of the air suction hole is h1, and the width of the air suction hole is w1. The main body also includes an air outlet pipe, which is vertically attached to the outer wall of the main body to form an air outlet cavity. The ventilation cavity is connected to the air outlet cavity. A connecting portion is provided at a position of the air outlet pipe away from the ventilation cavity for connecting a negative pressure device. The air suction hole closest to the air outlet pipe is marked as K0, and the air suction hole farthest from the air outlet pipe is marked as K k , k represents the number of air outlet holes; when the negative pressure device is started, negative pressure is formed in the air outlet cavity and the ventilation cavity, so that air is sucked in from the air suction hole, and the sucked air is discharged to the air purification device after passing through the negative pressure device, so as to reduce the harmful gases generated in the washing process from being discharged into the external environment; the negative pressure device provides 2 to 3 power gears, and the power gears are the corresponding multiple optimal solutions of the preset negative pressure suction power selection model; the negative pressure suction power selection model includes a negative pressure suction power equation, a flow field distribution equation and an energy loss equation; the negative pressure suction power equation is used to calculate the power required by the negative pressure system under different working conditions, the flow field distribution equation is used to describe the flow field distribution in the system and optimize the synergistic effect of multi-hole suction, and the energy loss equation is used to calculate various energy losses during the operation of the system.

2. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions where the ventilation holes are provided on the inner wall of the main body have a radius that decreases from bottom to top.

3. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support member is also included, and the support member is used to press the sleeve onto the outer wall of the body.

4. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body is made of stainless steel, the thickness of the body is 8-12 mm, and the height of the body is 200-400 mm.

5. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the edge is 20-30 mm, the thickness of the edge is 10-15 mm, and the edge forms an angle of 85-95 degrees with the body.

6. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is made of PE or PP material, the wall thickness of the sleeve is 3-5 mm, and the sleeve and the body are bonded with epoxy resin glue.

7. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum height h0 of the ventilation cavity is 30-50 mm, and the width l0 of the ventilation cavity at the application location is 20-40 mm.

8. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average radius r0 of the outer wall of the main body surrounded by the ventilation cavity is 300-500 mm, the major axis a0 of the elliptical cross-section of the sleeve is 40-60 mm, and the minor axis b0 is 25-35 mm.

9. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air suction hole is in the shape of an elliptical track, the length of the air suction hole is 60 to 80 mm, the width is 20 to 30 mm, and the number of the air suction holes is 6 to 10.

10. The acid and alkali resistant ventilated washing basin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet pipe is made of ABS material, the wall thickness of the air outlet pipe is 4-6 mm, and the inner diameter of the air outlet pipe is 50-70 mm.

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