Photovoltaic module backboard layer separation equipment and separation method

Abstract

The photovoltaic module backboard layer separation equipment comprises a base, a driving roller is horizontally and rotationally erected on the base, the side wall of the driving roller is composed of a plurality of arched pressing plates capable of extending outwards in the radial direction, the two ends of the driving roller are each provided with a fixing frame, a feeding cross beam is connected between the two fixing frames, and a heater is fixed to the bottom of the feeding cross beam; and pressing vertical plates are fixed to the side, corresponding to the outer wall of the driving roller, of the bottom of the feeding cross beam at intervals, pressing stations are formed in gaps between the pressing vertical plates and the outer wall of any arch-shaped pressing plate, and a transverse cutter with a cutting edge right opposite to the pressing stations is erected on the base. According to the invention, after the laminated piece is clamped by the arched pressing plate and the pressing vertical plate, the heater is used for heating and softening the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is cut off by the transverse cutter while the laminated piece rotates along with the rotatable driving roller for feeding, so that a complete back plate layer and a complete battery piece layer can be obtained; the problem that separation is difficult due to the fact that the backboard is over-ground or miss-ground and is ground into powder, and the recovery efficiency is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic module recycling, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device. The present invention also relates to a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation method. Background Art

[0002] The service life of solar photovoltaic modules is 20 to 30 years. After the retired and scrapped solar photovoltaic modules are dismantled, the secondary utilization of photovoltaic module materials has broad market prospects. After the frame of the solar photovoltaic module is removed, it is mainly composed of a glass layer, an EVA adhesive layer, a crystalline silicon cell layer, and a backplane layer; the photovoltaic module glass, silicon cell, and backplane are layered and bonded together by the EVA adhesive layer. After a long period of curing, the EVA adhesive layer has been cured into a whole. Since the cell layer is an ultra-thin silicon wafer, forced separation will cause the silicon wafer to become powder, reducing its recycling value. In addition, the backplane is a fluorine-containing material, and recycling by high temperature or combustion will pollute the atmospheric environment, and it is very difficult to separate the cell layer from the backplane.

[0003] Only by separating the cell layer from the backplane layer can the raw materials such as silicon wafers, silver, and solder strips in the cell layer be effectively recovered. At present, the Chinese patent with application number "202122177944.4" discloses a photovoltaic module backplane removal device, which transmits photovoltaic modules with the backplane facing upward. First, the thickness of the backplane of the photovoltaic module passing through is detected, and then the backplane of the photovoltaic module passing below is ground and cut according to the measured backplane thickness. The backplane material is removed by belt grinding. The backplane is powdered after grinding. The backplane powder is washed away from the cell layer by the nozzle on the equipment. This method may cause the cell to be over-grinded or not ground. At the same time, the cost of recovering the backplane powder after grinding is high, and the efficiency of backplane removal is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, which solves the problem that the cell layer and the back plate layer separated by the existing separation method are incomplete.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating a back sheet layer of a photovoltaic module.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a photovoltaic module back layer separation device, including a base, a driving roller is horizontally rotated on the base, the side wall of the driving roller is composed of a plurality of arched pressure plates that can extend radially outward, a fixed frame is respectively arranged outside the two ends of the driving roller, a feed beam located above the driving roller is connected between the two fixed frames, a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feed beam, a clamping vertical plate is fixed on one side of the bottom of the feed beam corresponding to the outer wall of the driving roller, a clamping station is formed between the outer wall gap of the clamping vertical plate and any arched pressure plate, and a transverse tool with a blade facing the clamping station is arranged outside one side of the driving roller on the base.

[0007] The first technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that: The driving roller includes a horizontal fixed shaft, both ends of which are fixedly mounted on the base through a fixed seat, and both ends of the fixed shaft are rotatably sleeved with a circular plate-shaped bearing seat to form the end cover of the driving roller, and the inner ends of the two bearing seats are fixed with multiple cylinders with output shafts radially outward, and the inner walls at both ends of each arched pressure plate are fixed to two cylinder output shafts of the same radial direction on the two bearing seats; a pneumatic rotary joint is also connected between one end of the fixed shaft and the corresponding fixed seat, and both ends of the fixed part of the pneumatic rotary joint are respectively fixed to the fixed seat and the fixed shaft, and the rotating part of the pneumatic rotary joint is fixed to the outer end of the bearing seat adjacent thereto, and the side walls of the fixed part and the rotating part of the pneumatic rotary joint are both provided with an air intake channel, and an air pipe channel is provided on the bearing seat fixed to the rotating part of the pneumatic rotary joint, and the air intake channel on the rotating part of the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to each cylinder in the driving roller through the air pipe and the air pipe channel.

[0008] A driving gear ring located outside the rotating part of the pneumatic rotary joint is coaxially fixed to the outer end of one of the two bearing seats, a driving motor with an output shaft facing the outer end of the bearing seat is fixed on the fixed seat, and a gear meshing with the outer side of the driving gear ring is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor.

[0009] An inclined wedge mechanism is connected between the feed beam and the two fixing frames, and between the base and the two fixing seats.

[0010] A heat insulation cover plate is fixed on one side of the bottom of the feed beam opposite to the pressing vertical plate, and the heater is a short-wave infrared heating lamp and is fixed between the heat insulation cover plate and the pressing vertical plate.

[0011] A support frame is provided at each end of the transverse tool. A moving seat that moves up and down and is fixed to the transverse tool is provided inside the support frame through a guide rail. A screw elevator with an output shaft facing downward and connected to the moving seat is fixed on the top of the support frame. A servo motor is coaxially fixed on the upper end of the screw elevator.

[0012] The transverse cutter is a fixed scraping blade or an electric reciprocating saw.

[0013] A back plate recovery trough located on the base is arranged below the pressing station.

[0014] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for separating the back plate layer of a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Feed the laminate of the frameless and glassless photovoltaic module into the pressing station through the feeding beam, with the back sheet facing downward, and the arched pressing plate under the pressing vertical plate extends to clamp the front end of the laminate; Step 2, start the heater to heat the front end of the laminate to 50-200° C.; Step 3: Rotate the driving roller to attach the back plate layer of the laminate to the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller, and adjust the height of the transverse tool at the same time so that the front adhesive layer of the laminate faces the blade of the transverse tool. As the driving roller continues to rotate to feed the laminate, the transverse tool continues to separate the back plate layer from the battery layer. Step 4: After the backplane layer and the battery cell layer are separated, the upper battery cell layer is guided backward along the upper surface of the transverse tool, and the lower backplane layer is detached from the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller from under the transverse tool and falls into the backplane recovery trough, thus obtaining a complete backplane layer and battery cell layer.

[0015] The second technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that: In step 1, the thickness of the laminate after clamping at the pressing station is 5 to 10 mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the photovoltaic module backplane layer separation equipment and separation method of the present invention clamps the laminate by an arched pressure plate and a clamping vertical plate and then heats and softens the glue layer by a heater. The laminate rotates along with the rotatable driving roller to feed the material while the glue layer is cut by a transverse tool, thereby obtaining a complete backplane layer and a battery cell layer, solving the separation difficulties such as over-grinding or under-grinding of the backplane in the existing process and low recovery efficiency after the backplane is ground into powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a front axonometric schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module backsheet layer separation device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device of the present invention without the feed beam part; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the A region of the photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device of the present invention; Figure 4 is a rear axonometric schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module backsheet layer separation device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of laminated parts separated by the photovoltaic module back plate layer separation method of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. base, 2. driving roller, 3. arched pressure plate, 4. fixed frame, 5. feeding beam, 6. clamping vertical plate, 7. clamping station, 8. transverse tool, 9. fixed seat, 10. bearing seat, 11. fixed part, 12. rotating part, 13. air intake channel, 14. air pipe channel, 15. driving gear ring, 16. driving motor, 17. inclined wedge mechanism, 18. heat insulation cover plate, 19. support frame, 20. guide rail, 21. moving seat, 22. screw lift, 23. servo motor, 24. back plate recovery trough, 25. back plate layer, 26. battery cell layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is respectively arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding beam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heat insulation cover plate 18 and a clamping vertical plate 6 are respectively fixed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the feeding beam 5, and a heater fixed to the bottom end of the feeding beam 5 is arranged between the two, that is, a short-wave infrared heating lamp. There is one pressing plate 6 corresponding to each driving roller 2. The bottom end of the pressing plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2. On this basis, the bottom end of the pressing plate 6 is preferably a sloped shape facing forward to facilitate the collection and feeding of the laminated parts. The pressing plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2. The pressing plate 6 can form a pressing station 7 with the gap between the outer wall of any arched pressing plate 3, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for simultaneous feeding. A transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the pressing station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1, and a back plate recovery trough 24 that passes through the base 1 is provided below each pressing station 7.

[0021] Through the above method, the photovoltaic module backplane layer separation equipment of the present invention clamps the laminate through the arched pressure plate 3 and the clamping vertical plate 6 and then heats and softens the glue layer through a heater. The laminate rotates and feeds along with the rotatable driving roller 2, and the glue layer is cut by the transverse tool 8, thereby obtaining a complete backplane layer 25 and a battery cell layer 26.

[0022] Example 2 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding beam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feeding beam 5, and a clamping vertical plate 6 is fixed to the rear side of the bottom corresponding to each driving roller 2, and the bottom end of the clamping vertical plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2, the clamping vertical plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2, and the gap between the clamping vertical plate 6 and the outer wall of the arched pressure plate 3 directly below forms a clamping station 7, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for feeding at the same time, and a transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the clamping station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1.

[0023] Among them, each driving roller 2 includes a horizontal fixed shaft, both ends of the fixed shaft are fixedly mounted on the base 1 through a fixed seat 9, and both ends of the fixed shaft are rotatably sleeved with a circular plate-shaped bearing seat 10 to form an end cover of the driving roller 2. The inner ends of the two bearing seats 10 are fixed with at least three cylinders with output shafts radially outward. The number of cylinders on each bearing seat 10 is the same as the number of arched pressure plates 3. The inner walls at both ends of each arched pressure plate 3 are fixed to the two cylinder output shafts of the same radial direction on the two bearing seats 10, thereby realizing the radial expansion and contraction of the arched pressure plate 3 through pneumatic force. The air source of the cylinder can be realized in the following way: a pneumatic rotary joint is connected between the outer end of the fixed shaft and the fixed seat 9, the two ends of the fixed part 11 of the pneumatic rotary joint are respectively fixed to the fixed seat 9 and the fixed shaft, the rotating part 12 of the pneumatic rotary joint is fixed to the outer end of the nearby bearing seat 10, and the side walls of the fixed part 11 and the rotating part 12 of the pneumatic rotary joint are both provided with an air intake channel 13, the air intake channel 13 on the fixed part 11 is connected to the external air source, and an air pipe channel 14 is provided on the bearing seat 10 fixed to the rotating part 12 of the pneumatic rotary joint, and the air intake channel 13 on the rotating part 12 of the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to each cylinder in the driving roller 2 through the air pipe and the air pipe channel 14. During operation, the air intake channel 13 on the fixed part 11 is connected to an external air source, the gas flows to the air intake channel 13 on the rotating part 12, and then flows to the air pipe through the air intake channel 13 on the rotating part 12, and finally is transported to each cylinder in the driving roller 2 through the air pipe passing through the air pipe channel 14, and the arched pressure plate 3 is pushed to extend or retract through the cylinder.

[0024] Example 3 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding beam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feeding beam 5, and a clamping vertical plate 6 is fixed to the rear side of the bottom corresponding to each driving roller 2, and the bottom end of the clamping vertical plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2, the clamping vertical plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2, and the gap between the clamping vertical plate 6 and the outer wall of the arched pressure plate 3 directly below forms a clamping station 7, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for feeding at the same time, and a transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the clamping station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1.

[0025] Each driving roller 2 includes a horizontal fixed shaft, both ends of which are fixedly mounted on the base 1 through a fixed seat 9, and both ends of the fixed shaft are rotatably sleeved with a circular plate-shaped bearing seat 10 to form the end cover of the driving roller 2, and a driving gear ring 15 is coaxially fixed to the outer end of one of the two bearing seats 10, and a driving motor 16 with an output shaft facing the outer end of the bearing seat 10 is fixed on the fixed seat 9, and a gear meshed with the outer side of the driving gear ring 15 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor 16. When working, the driving motor 16 starts to drive the gear on its output shaft to rotate, thereby driving the meshing driving gear ring 15 on it to rotate, driving the bearing seat 10, i.e., the end cover of the driving roller 2, to rotate, and realizing the rotation of the entire driving roller 2.

[0026] Example 4 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding beam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feeding beam 5, and a clamping vertical plate 6 is fixed to the rear side of the bottom corresponding to each driving roller 2, and the bottom end of the clamping vertical plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2, the clamping vertical plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2, and the gap between the clamping vertical plate 6 and the outer wall of the arched pressure plate 3 directly below forms a clamping station 7, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for feeding at the same time, and a transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the clamping station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1.

[0027] Each driving roller 2 includes a horizontal fixed shaft, both ends of which are fixedly mounted on the base 1 through a fixed seat 9, and an inclined wedge mechanism 17 is connected between the feed beam 5 and the two fixed frames 4, and between the base 1 and the two fixed seats 9. When the equipment is installed, the height of the driving roller 2 is adjusted by manually adjusting the inclined wedge mechanism 17 between the base 1 and the two fixed seats 9, and the height of the clamping plate 6 is adjusted by manually adjusting the inclined wedge mechanism 17 between the feed beam 5 and the two fixed frames 4, so that the gap size of the clamping station 7 is adjusted to a suitable size, so that the arched pressure plate 3 can be extended to achieve the best clamping force during operation.

[0028] Example 5 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module back plate layer separation device, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding beam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feeding beam 5, and a clamping vertical plate 6 is fixed to the rear side of the bottom corresponding to each driving roller 2, and the bottom end of the clamping vertical plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2, the clamping vertical plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2, and the gap between the clamping vertical plate 6 and the outer wall of the arched pressure plate 3 directly below forms a clamping station 7, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for feeding at the same time, and a transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the clamping station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1.

[0029] Among them, a support frame 19 is provided at each end of the transverse tool 8, and a moving seat 21 that moves up and down and is fixed to the transverse tool 8 is provided in the support frame 19 through a guide rail 20. A screw lift 22 with an output shaft facing downward and connected to the moving seat 21 is fixed at the top of the support frame 19, and a servo motor 23 is coaxially fixed at the upper end of the screw lift 22. When working, the servo motor 23 starts to control the moving seat 21 to move up and down along the guide rail 20 through the screw lift 22, so as to adjust the height of the transverse tool 8 to the level facing the glue layer of the laminate, so as to achieve adjustment and adaptation to the back panels of photovoltaic modules with different thicknesses. The transverse tool 8 can be a fixed scraping blade or an electric reciprocating saw, and the downward inclination angle of the blade can be 10 to 60°. An electric reciprocating saw is preferred, so that the electric reciprocating saw can cut the glue layer horizontally and reciprocatingly while driving the roller 2 to feed the material, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0030] Example 6 Photovoltaic module back sheet layer separation method, based on photovoltaic module back sheet layer separation equipment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, it includes a base 1, on the front position of the base 1, two horizontal driving rollers 2 located on the same axis are rotatably mounted side by side, the side wall of each driving roller 2 is composed of at least three arched pressure plates 3 that can extend radially outward (only one arched pressure plate 3 is shown in the figure), and a fixing frame 4 is arranged outside the two ends of the two driving rollers 2 as a whole, and a feeding crossbeam 5 located above the two driving rollers 2 is connected between the two fixing frames 4, and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the feeding crossbeam 5, and a clamping vertical plate 6 is fixed to each driving roller 2 on the rear side of the bottom, and the bottom end of the clamping vertical plate 6 has a certain thickness and is spaced to face the outer wall of the driving roller 2, the clamping vertical plate 6 is located in the radial direction of the driving roller 2, and the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the driving roller 2, and the gap between the clamping vertical plate 6 and the outer wall of the arched pressure plate 3 directly below forms a clamping station 7, and the two driving rollers 2 can form a double station for feeding at the same time, and a transverse tool 8 with a blade facing the clamping station 7 is mounted behind the driving roller 2 on the base 1, including the following steps: Step 1, manually feed the laminate of the frameless and glassless photovoltaic module into the pressing station 7 through the gap between the feeding beam 5, i.e., the bottom end of the heat insulation cover plate 18 and the driving roller 2, with the back plate layer 25 facing downward, and start the cylinder to extend the arched pressing plate 3 under the pressing vertical plate 6 to clamp the front end of the laminate. After clamping, the thickness of the laminate is 5 to 10 mm; Step 2, start the heater to heat the front end of the laminate to 50-200° C.; Step 3, start the driving motor 16 to rotate the driving roller 2, the outer surface of the arched pressing plate 3 can be coated with glue, and the back plate layer 25 of the laminate is attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller 2. At the same time, start the servo motor 23 to adjust the height of the transverse tool 8 so that the front end glue layer of the laminate is facing the blade of the transverse tool 8. As the driving roller 2 continues to rotate to feed the laminate, the transverse tool 8 continues to separate the back plate layer 25 from the battery layer 26; Step 4, after the backplane layer 25 and the battery cell layer 26 are separated, the upper battery cell layer 26 is guided backward along the upper surface of the transverse tool 8, and the lower backplane layer 25 is separated from the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller 2 from below the transverse tool 8 and falls into the backplane recovery trough 24, thus obtaining a complete backplane layer 25 and battery cell layer 26.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic module back sheet layer separation equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a driving roller (2) being arranged on a horizontal rotating frame on the base (1), the side wall of the driving roller (2) being composed of a plurality of arched pressing plates (3) which can be extended radially outward, a fixing frame (4) being arranged outside each of the two ends of the driving roller (2), a feeding beam (5) being connected between the two fixing frames (4) and being located above the driving roller (2), a heater being fixed at the bottom of the feeding beam (5), a pressing vertical plate (6) being fixed at intervals on one side of the bottom of the feeding beam (5) corresponding to the outer wall of the driving roller (2), a pressing station (7) being formed in the gap between the pressing vertical plate (6) and the outer wall of any arched pressing plate (3), and a transverse cutter (8) having a blade facing the pressing station (7) being arranged outside one side of the driving roller (2) on the base (1).

2. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving roller (2) comprises a horizontal fixed shaft, both ends of which are fixedly mounted on the base (1) via a fixed seat (9), and both ends of the fixed shaft are rotatably sleeved with a circular plate-shaped bearing seat (10) to form an end cover of the driving roller (2), and the inner ends of the two bearing seats (10) are fixed with a plurality of cylinders with output shafts radially outward, and the inner walls of both ends of each arched pressure plate (3) are fixed to two cylinder output shafts on the same radial direction of the two bearing seats (10); a pneumatic rotary joint is also connected between one end of the fixed shaft and the corresponding fixed seat (9), and the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to the fixed seat (9) to form an end cover of the driving roller (2). The fixed portion (11) of the rotary joint has two ends fixed to the fixed seat (9) and the fixed shaft respectively, the rotating portion (12) of the pneumatic rotary joint is fixed to the outer end of the bearing seat (10) close thereto, the fixed portion (11) and the rotating portion (12) of the pneumatic rotary joint are both provided with an air intake passage (13) on the side walls, the bearing seat (10) fixed to the rotating portion (12) of the pneumatic rotary joint is provided with an air pipe passage (14), and the air intake passage (13) on the rotating portion (12) of the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to each cylinder in the driving roller (2) through an air pipe and the air pipe passage (14).

3. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A driving gear ring (15) located outside the rotating portion (12) of the pneumatic rotary joint is coaxially fixed to the outer end of one of the two bearing seats (10); a driving motor (16) having an output shaft facing the outer end of the bearing seat (10) is fixed to the fixed seat (9); and a gear meshing with the outer side of the driving gear ring (15) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor (16).

4. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inclined wedge mechanism (17) is connected between the feed beam (5) and the two fixed frames (4), and between the base (1) and the two fixed seats (9).

5. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation cover plate (18) is fixed to one side of the bottom of the feed beam (5) opposite to the pressing upright plate (6), and the heater is a short-wave infrared heating lamp and is fixed between the heat insulation cover plate (18) and the pressing upright plate (6).

6. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (19) is provided at each end of the transverse tool (8), and a movable seat (21) is provided in the support frame (19) through a guide rail (20) and moves up and down and is fixed to the transverse tool (8). A screw lift (22) with an output shaft facing downward and connected to the movable seat (21) is fixed at the top of the support frame (19), and a servo motor (23) is coaxially fixed at the upper end of the screw lift (22).

7. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse cutter (8) is a fixed scraping blade or an electric reciprocating saw.

8. The photovoltaic module backplane layer separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A back plate recovery trough (24) located on the base (1) is provided below the pressing station (7).

9. A method for separating a back sheet layer of a photovoltaic module, using the photovoltaic module back sheet layer separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, feeding the laminate of the frameless and glassless photovoltaic module into the pressing station (7) via the feeding beam (5), with the back plate layer (25) facing downward, and the arched pressing plate (3) below the pressing vertical plate (6) extending out to clamp the front end of the laminate; Step 2, start the heater to heat the front end of the laminate to 50-200° C.; Step 3, rotating the driving roller (2) to attach the back plate layer (25) of the laminate to the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller (2), and at the same time adjusting the height of the transverse cutter (8) so that the front adhesive layer of the laminate is directly opposite to the blade of the transverse cutter (8), and as the driving roller (2) continues to rotate to feed the laminate, the transverse cutter (8) continues to separate the back plate layer (25) from the battery cell layer (26); Step 4: After the backplane layer (25) and the battery cell layer (26) are separated, the upper battery cell layer (26) is guided backward along the upper surface of the transverse tool (8), and the lower backplane layer (25) is separated from the outer surface of the side wall of the driving roller (2) from below the transverse tool (8) and falls into the backplane recovery trough (24), thereby obtaining a complete backplane layer (25) and battery cell layer (26).

10. The method for separating the back sheet layer of a photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step 1, the thickness of the laminate after being clamped by the pressing station (7) is 5 to 10 mm.

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