Ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface and grinding system

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface and a grinding system, relates to the field of grinding systems, and aims to solve the problems that an existing ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel is inconvenient to replace and the particle size of the grinding wheel is inconvenient to adjust. The multi-face grinding bodies can adjust the positions of the grinding faces through rotation so as to change the grinding faces in the working positions, vibration synthesis is achieved by changing the starting number and the starting positions of the transducers when each multi-face grinding body conducts grinding, and therefore different vibration modes are generated. Intermittent grinding is realized through a combined grinding wheel structure; according to the multi-face grinding body, the grinding body base body and the grinding face are of a detachable structure, so that the grinding face is convenient to replace, and quick replacement of grinding faces of different abrasive particles and grinding faces of different shapes can be achieved; the grinding efficiency is improved, the grinding temperature is effectively reduced, the machining cost is greatly reduced, and the machining surface quality is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grinding systems, and in particular to an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface and a grinding system. Background Art

[0002] In traditional grinding, the abrasive grain size of the grinding wheel is fixed, and one grinding wheel can only process one precision. For workpieces with high precision requirements, it is difficult to achieve the required precision after only one grinding. It is necessary to frequently replace grinding wheels of different roughness in the middle to achieve the required precision. This multiple processing method faces problems such as low efficiency and complex procedures during the processing. Especially in the processing of superhard alloys, the switching of grinding wheels often takes a lot of time and effort. Therefore, integrating grinding wheels of different precisions has become a process optimization method, but this method faces problems such as the grinding wheel is too heavy and cannot process complex surfaces. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding is a high-frequency electrical oscillation signal generated by an ultrasonic generator that is converted into ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration by an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic vibration amplitude is amplified by the horn and drives the tool grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel generates high-frequency vibration during the grinding process. This vibration can change the contact state between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, thereby reducing the grinding force, reducing the grinding temperature, increasing the material removal rate, and improving the surface quality of the workpiece. However, traditional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding also faces the problem that it can only process small workpieces and has a single vibration mode and vibration frequency. Therefore, combining ultrasonic vibration with grinding wheel has become a process optimization method. However, this combination faces the problems of complex structure, unsatisfactory vibration effect and single vibration mode.

[0003] Chinese patent (publication number CN106863027A) discloses a non-contact rotating ultrasonic grinding wheel grinding device, including a grinding machine base, a spindle arranged on the grinding machine base and a grinding wheel base fixed on the spindle, a primary magnetic core mounting seat close to the grinding wheel base is arranged on the grinding machine base, a non-contact power transmission secondary coil assembly is arranged in the annular groove of the grinding wheel base, and a non-contact power transmission primary coil assembly is arranged in the annular groove of the primary magnetic core mounting seat; a circle of transducer mounting holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the end face of the wheel rim of the grinding wheel base, each of the transducer mounting holes is communicated with the annular groove of the grinding wheel base, and an ultrasonic vibration transducer is installed in each of the transducer mounting holes. The grinding wheel of the present invention can effectively reduce the grinding force through ultrasonic vibration when processing difficult-to-process materials, facilitates the coolant to enter the grinding arc zone to dredge the heat of the arc zone, and improves the surface processing quality of the workpiece, but the grinding wheel structure is too complicated, difficult to process, and difficult to replace after the abrasive wear. In addition, the prior art also discloses a radial ultrasonic vibration-assisted cup-shaped grinding wheel, which includes an annular base plate, on which a number of ultrasonic vibration units are fixedly connected at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction; the ultrasonic vibration unit includes an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplitude rod and a vibration grinding block arranged inside and outside and connected in sequence; the ultrasonic amplitude rod is arranged radially along the base plate; the vibration grinding block is in the shape of an arc block, and a number of vibration grinding blocks of a number of ultrasonic vibration units are spliced ​​together to form a grinding wheel grinding part; the ultrasonic transducer drives the ultrasonic amplitude rod to generate ultrasonic vibration along its axial direction and drives the vibration grinding block to generate ultrasonic vibration along the radial direction of the base plate relative to the base plate, and combines the ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding process technology with the end face grinding of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, which is used for ultrasonic vibration-assisted end face grinding of hard and brittle materials, and is of great significance for reducing part processing damage, improving processing efficiency and surface processing quality. However, its ultrasonic vibration mode is single, the abrasive particles are single, and multi-precision grinding cannot be achieved, and the installation is complex and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel and a grinding system with replaceable grinding surfaces in view of the defects in the prior art. A multi-faceted grinding body and an ultrasonic transducer are installed on a grinding wheel clamp assembly. The multi-faceted grinding body can adjust the grinding surface position by rotating to change the grinding surface in the working position. The synthesis of vibrations is achieved by changing the starting number and position of the transducers when each multi-faceted grinding body is grinding, thereby generating different vibration modes. Intermittent grinding is achieved through a combined grinding wheel structure. The multi-faceted grinding body is set as a detachable structure of the grinding body base and the grinding surface, so that the grinding surface is easily replaced, and the grinding surfaces with different abrasive grains and different shapes can be quickly replaced. The grinding efficiency is improved, the grinding temperature is effectively reduced, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing surface quality is significantly improved.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface, which adopts the following scheme:

[0006] include:

[0007] The grinding wheel clamping plate assembly comprises a coaxially distributed inner grinding wheel clamping plate and an outer grinding wheel clamping plate, wherein the inner grinding wheel clamping plate and the outer grinding wheel clamping plate are provided with a plurality of ratchet mounting holes distributed circumferentially around their axes;

[0008] The variable-face ultrasonic grinding body assembly includes a multi-faceted grinding body and an ultrasonic transducer. An axial hole is provided at the center of the multi-faceted grinding body and is detachably connected to a variable-face ratchet shaft through a key. Both ends of the variable-face ratchet shaft cooperate with the same group of ratchet mounting holes. The outer peripheral surface of the multi-faceted grinding body forms a plurality of grinding surfaces distributed around the axis of the axial hole. The multi-faceted grinding body is rotated to adjust the position of the grinding surface to change the grinding surface protruding from the radial edge of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel; the ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic vibration and acts on the multi-faceted grinding body.

[0009] Among them, the inner clamping plate and the outer clamping plate of the grinding wheel fix a certain number of multi-faceted grinding bodies through the grinding wheel clamping screws. The threaded hole of the outer clamping plate of the grinding wheel is a countersunk hole, and the fixing screw of the grinding wheel clamping screw is a hexagon socket round head screw, and the height of the nut part must be less than or equal to the countersunk hole depth to facilitate the installation of the flange assembly. A wire groove is left on the inner surface of the outer clamping plate of the grinding wheel, and the inner diameter of the wire groove must reach the groove of the multi-faceted grinding body to facilitate the connection of the ultrasonic transducer line to the brush assembly.

[0010] There are grinding wheel fixing rings at the ratchet shaft mounting holes on the inner and outer plates of the grinding wheel to ensure the axial fixation of the multi-faceted grinding body. The matching accuracy between the multi-faceted grinding body and the grinding wheel fixing ring is 0.001-0.015mm, ensuring the accuracy requirements and ultrasonic vibration requirements; the grinding wheel fixing rings are evenly distributed on the inner and outer plates of the grinding wheel in a circular manner, and the concentricity tolerance of all the concentric circles of the grinding wheel fixing rings and the outer circles of the inner and outer plates of the grinding wheel should be less than or equal to 0.2mm.

[0011] The geometric shape of the multi-faceted grinding body can be a variety of regular polygonal convex structures such as a symmetrical two-sided arc body, a regular triangle convex body, a regular quadrilateral convex body, etc.

[0012] Furthermore, the abrasive grains on different grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body are arranged with different abrasive grain roughness and / or abrasive grain arrangement.

[0013] Abrasive grains are distributed on each grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body. The types and sizes of abrasive grains on different grinding surfaces can be different. The entire grinding process can be completed by replacing the grinding surface, from rough grinding, semi-finishing grinding to fine grinding.

[0014] The abrasive grains may be aluminum oxide abrasive grains, silicon carbide abrasive grains, diamond abrasive grains, cubic boron nitride abrasive grains, etc. The types and sizes of the abrasive grains arranged on different grinding surfaces may be selected according to the material and process of the processed parts. The abrasive grains may be arranged in a disordered manner or in an ordered manner, and the ordered arrangement may be a directional arrangement, a phyllose arrangement, an abrasive grain cluster arrangement, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, the grinding surface on the multi-faceted grinding body is a convex arc surface, and transition arcs are provided between adjacent grinding surfaces along the axial hole ring upwards, and the abrasive grain size on the transition arc area is larger than the abrasive grain size on the grinding surface.

[0016] The transition arc between the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body and the turning point of the grinding surface can be a one-piece arc or two arcs with different curvatures to adapt to different grinding accuracies, which can reduce the impact on the multi-faceted grinding body during feeding and play a transitional role. The abrasive grain size in the transition zone should be 1.2-10 times larger than the abrasive grain size in the grinding zone. The sizes of the two arcs with different curvatures in the transition arc zone are determined according to the grinding accuracy of the grinding surface. The arc size of the transition arc zone of the rough grinding surface is usually 0.5-0.9 times the radius of the combined grinding wheel, the arc size of the transition arc zone of the semi-finishing grinding surface is usually 0.6-0.95 times the radius of the combined grinding wheel, and the arc size of the transition arc zone of the fine grinding surface is usually 0.7-0.99 times the radius of the combined grinding wheel.

[0017] Furthermore, the variable-section ratchet shaft is connected with a variable-face pin, and the variable-face pin is matched with a ratchet shaft locking pin, and the ratchet shaft locking pin is actuated to unlock or lock the rotation of the multi-faceted grinding body around the axis of the shaft hole.

[0018] The ratchet mechanism includes a face-changing pin and a face-changing ratchet shaft. The face-changing ratchet shaft must be consistent with the contact surface shape of the face-changing pin. The matching accuracy of the two is less than 0.05mm, so as to ensure locking. The structure of the face-changing ratchet shaft is determined according to the shape of the multi-faceted grinding body, so as to ensure accurate face changing.

[0019] The variable-face ratchet shaft and the bearing are interference-fitted, the interference amount is controlled at 0.005-0.01mm, and the bearing adopts a national standard bearing.

[0020] The multi-faceted grinding body base adopts a convex polygon structure, and the convex arc radius of each convex polygon must be consistent, so as to ensure the consistency of the overall diameter of the grinding wheel after the face is changed; the multi-faceted grinding body and the face-changing ratchet shaft are clearance-matched, and the clearance is controlled between 0.008-0.05mm. The multi-faceted grinding body and the face-changing ratchet shaft are fixed by the key on the face-changing ratchet shaft and the keyway of the multi-faceted grinding body, and the clearance is controlled between 0.008-0.05mm.

[0021] When the multi-faceted grinding bodies are assembled and installed, it is ensured that each multi-faceted grinding body does not interfere with the adjacent multi-faceted grinding bodies.

[0022] Furthermore, there are multiple multi-faceted grinding bodies, each of which cooperates with a group of ratchet mounting holes through a variable-face ratchet shaft, and the multiple multi-faceted grinding bodies are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel, and the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body protruding from the radial edge of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel constitutes a working surface.

[0023] Furthermore, the multi-faceted grinding body comprises a grinding base and a grinding sheet, the grinding sheet and the grinding base are detachably connected, and the grinding surfaces are distributed on the grinding sheet.

[0024] Furthermore, a single or multiple grinding sheets are installed on the grinding base, and the multiple grinding sheets are assembled and distributed around the grinding base.

[0025] The outer surface of the multi-faceted grinding body can adopt a shaped grinding wheel structure, including blade tenons, gears and other complex structures, which can realize the shaped grinding of various complex parts.

[0026] The multi-faceted grinding body can adopt a detachable structure. The grinding sheet and the grinding body base can be disassembled and assembled. A mounting wedge is left in the grinding sheet to cooperate with the mounting groove on the grinding body base. The clearance between the mounting wedge and the mounting groove is controlled at 0-0.05mm to meet different grinding requirements and ultrasonic vibration requirements.

[0027] The grinding sheet can be of two types: separate type and integrated type. The separate type is to divide the grinding into multiple pieces, which are then installed on the grinding body base in sequence, and the fitting clearance between the separate grinding sheets is controlled at 0.05-0.1mm; the integrated type is to install the entire grinding sheet on the grinding body base; the fitting clearance between the grinding surface and the grinding body base is less than 0.05mm.

[0028] The multi-faceted grinding body can be made into a single-abrasive grinding experimental device. By installing abrasives of different types and sizes on each grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body, the required abrasives can be flexibly changed according to experimental requirements.

[0029] The abrasive grains of the single-grain grinding experimental device are installed at the center of the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body.

[0030] The multi-faceted grinding body can be a shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer multi-faceted grinding body. By connecting the ultrasonic transducer mounting groove with the inner hole of the multi-faceted grinding body and using a shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer can directly contact the variable-face ratchet shaft.

[0031] The bottom edge of the shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer has an arc radius equal to the radius of the variable-face ratchet shaft. One end of the shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer is installed in the circular hole reserved in the multi-faceted grinding body, and the other end contacts the variable-face ratchet shaft, and the contact gap between the two is less than 0.005mm.

[0032] The multi-faceted grinding body may be a multi-faceted grinding body with hollow ribs. By hollowing out the ribs of the multi-faceted grinding body, ultrasonic vibration can more easily cause vibration on the grinding wheel surface, and is also more convenient for vibration synthesis.

[0033] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a manner of vertical grinding surface arrangement, symmetrical line arrangement or mixed arrangement.

[0034] The ultrasonic transducer is installed in the multi-faceted grinding body and is adhered to the mounting groove by a special fixing adhesive. The shape of the bottom of the mounting groove should be the same as the shape of the transducer to ensure that the ultrasonic transducer is installed in place. The ultrasonic transducer is connected to the brush assembly through a wire. The ultrasonic transducer can be a variety of structures such as piezoelectric ceramics, magnetostrictive and composite. During grinding, the ultrasonic transducers can be arranged in a way that one, two or more ultrasonic transducers can be started at a time according to different processing requirements.

[0035] The vibration frequency range generated by the ultrasonic transducer is between 10kHz and 50kHz, and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude generated by a single ultrasonic transducer is 0-50μm.

[0036] A second object of the present invention is to provide a grinding system using the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as described in the first object.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes a workbench assembly, a brush assembly and a flange assembly. The workbench assembly is provided with a clamping table for clamping the workpiece. The grinding wheel clamp assembly is installed on the flange assembly to drive the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface to rotate. The brush assembly cooperates with the flange assembly. The inner ring of the brush of the brush assembly is connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and the outer ring of the brush assembly is connected to the ultrasonic generator placed on the workbench assembly.

[0038] The workbench assembly includes a workbench base, an ultrasonic transducer and an oscilloscope are placed on the workbench base and connected by wires, and the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the brush assembly by wires; the fixing seat is connected and fixed to the workbench base by an embedded structure, and the matching clearance between the two is controlled at 0.5mm-1mm, and the workpiece is mounted on the workpiece clamping table by a clamping device.

[0039] The brush assembly includes a brush inner ring, a brush outer ring, a brush contact body and a conductive ring. The brush inner ring is connected to the flange assembly, and the brush inner ring is connected to the ultrasonic transducer of the variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly through a wire; the brush contact body is plated with an insulating coating except for the two end circular surfaces, and the conductive ring is plated with an insulating coating except for the outer cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the lead-out part, and the bottom end of the brush contact body is always in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the conductive ring when the grinding wheel rotates. The flange assembly includes an inner flange and an outer flange, and the inner and outer flanges are fixed by flange fixing screws to install the grinding wheel clamp assembly.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0041] In view of the problem that it is inconvenient to replace and adjust the particle size of the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel, a multi-faceted grinding body and an ultrasonic transducer are installed on the grinding wheel clamp assembly. The multi-faceted grinding body can adjust the position of the grinding surface by rotating, thereby changing the grinding surface in the working position. The vibration synthesis is achieved by changing the starting number and position of the transducer when each multi-faceted grinding body is grinding, thereby generating different vibration modes; intermittent grinding is achieved through a combined grinding wheel structure; the multi-faceted grinding body is set as a detachable structure of the grinding body base and the grinding surface, so that the grinding surface is easy to replace, and the grinding surfaces with different abrasives and different shapes can be quickly replaced; the grinding efficiency is improved, the grinding temperature is effectively reduced, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing surface quality is significantly improved.

[0042] To solve the problem of frequent replacement of grinding wheels due to single abrasive coarseness and arrangement during grinding processing, different abrasive roughness and abrasive arrangement methods can be set on different surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body to achieve integration of abrasive coarseness and arrangement methods. The grinding wheel surface can be flexibly changed through a variable-face ratchet mechanism, and grinding with multiple processing accuracies can be completed, thereby reducing processing costs and significantly improving processing efficiency.

[0043] The combined distribution arrangement mode is adopted to combine multiple multi-faceted grinding bodies into a large grinding wheel. To ensure that each multi-faceted grinding body does not interfere with each other when changing the surface, the surface of the large grinding wheel is a discontinuous structure after the grinding wheel is combined, thus forming a similar intermittent grinding wheel. Compared with the traditional grinding wheel grinding, it solves the problem of grinding debris accumulation and clogging the grinding wheel, ensures that the grinding debris can be discharged smoothly, and has a better cooling effect. It has the characteristics of improving processing quality, avoiding excessive wear of abrasive particles, and good grinding transition.

[0044] The grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body adopts a detachable structure. The grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body and the grinding body base can be disassembled and combined, which is convenient for the integration of different grinding precisons and the free combination of different grinding shapes. It solves the problem that the entire grinding wheel needs to be completely replaced after the grinding surface of the traditional grinding wheel is damaged and the problem of fixed abrasive grain accuracy on the grinding surface.

[0045] By adopting a multi-faceted grinding body structure with edge transition and setting a transition zone at the front end of the grinding surface, the impact load on the grinding wheel during intermittent grinding feeding can be reduced. At the same time, by setting the abrasive size in the transition zone to be larger than the abrasive in the grinding zone or the abrasive type in the transition zone, a large material removal rate is ensured in the transition zone, thus solving the problem of unstable force on the intermittent grinding wheel.

[0046] The overall structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, and the operation is easy. It avoids excessive modification of the grinder, can be adapted to a variety of flange structures, can be easily linked with traditional grinders, reduces the complexity of grinding wheel assembly, saves a lot of processing costs, and significantly improves the economy of multi-precision forming processing of various complex-shaped workpiece surfaces.

[0047] Placing the ultrasonic transducer inside the multi-faceted grinding body solves the problem that traditional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding cannot grind large workpieces. By changing the vibration mode, the vibration of the workpiece is converted into the vibration of the grinding wheel, and various types of workpieces can be ground, greatly improving the application scenarios of ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding.

[0048] By changing the starting mode of the ultrasonic transducer inside the multi-faceted grinding body, different numbers or positions of transducers are started at one time to generate different vibration modes, which solves the problem of single vibration type and single vibration power in traditional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding, thereby greatly changing the current processing mode of ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding.

[0049] By setting abrasives of different sizes or types on the three different surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body, the grinding surface of the required abrasive is turned out each time the corresponding experiment is done, which solves the problem of single abrasive in traditional single-abrasive grinding experimental devices and the need to frequently replace abrasives, thereby greatly improving the experimental speed of single-abrasive grinding experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the overall structure of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of a workbench assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a workpiece clamping table according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 is an exploded view of a brush assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 is an exploded view of a flange assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 is an assembly diagram of the overall structure of a combined grinding wheel according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 is an exploded view of a grinding wheel clamp assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 It is a front view, a full cross-sectional left view, a top view and an axonometric view of an inner clamping plate of a grinding wheel according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Fig. 9 It is a front view, a full cross-sectional left view, a top view and an axonometric view of the outer clamping plate of the grinding wheel of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.10 is an exploded view of a variable surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.11 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view, a top view and an axonometric view of a three-face variable face ratchet shaft of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.12 It is a front view, a full cross-sectional left view, a top view and an axonometric view of a double-sided variable-face ratchet shaft of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.13 It is a front view, a full cross-sectional left view, a top view and an axonometric view of a four-sided variable-face ratchet shaft of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of an array arrangement of abrasive grains in a multi-faceted grinding body according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of abrasive grains of a multi-faceted grinding body in one or more embodiments of the present invention in an array arrangement and a staggered arrangement;

[0066] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the abrasive grain size in the transition zone and the abrasive grain size in the grinding zone of a multi-faceted grinding body with edge transition according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.17 is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a double-sided and multi-sided grinding body according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.18 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a four-sided and multi-sided grinding body of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.19 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body with an ultrasonic transducer arranged perpendicular to the grinding surface according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0070] Fig. 20It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body in which ultrasonic transducers are arranged along a plane symmetry line according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.21 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body with a mixed arrangement of ultrasonic transducers according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0072] Fig. 22 It is a front view, a left side view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body with a longitudinal tree-shaped surface according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.23 is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view, and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body with an intermittent surface according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.24 is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view, and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body with detachable abrasive particles according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.25 1. The front view, the rotated cross-sectional view and the axonometric view of the multi-faceted grinding body substrate with detachable abrasive particles according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0076] Fig.26 It is a front view, a left view and an axonometric view of a combined abrasive detachable multi-faceted grinding body grinding sheet according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] Fig. 27 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a one-piece abrasive detachable multi-faceted grinding body grinding sheet according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0078] Fig.28 1 and 2 are front views, partial views and isometric views of a multi-faceted grinding body of a single-grain grinding experiment according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] Fig.29 It is a front view, a rotated sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body of an axial contact type ultrasonic transducer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0080] Fig.30 1 is a three-view diagram and an axonometric diagram of an axial contact ultrasonic transducer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0081] like Fig.31 It is a front view, a rotated cross-sectional view and an axonometric view of a multi-faceted grinding body of a hollow rib plate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0082] Fig.32 1 is a simplified diagram of parameter analysis of a three-sided grinding body according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0083] Among them, Ⅰ, workbench assembly, Ⅱ, brush assembly, Ⅲ, flange assembly, Ⅳ grinding wheel clamp assembly, Ⅴ, variable surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly;

[0084] Ⅰ-1, workbench base, Ⅰ-2, ultrasonic generator, Ⅰ-3, oscilloscope, Ⅰ-4, fixed seat, Ⅰ-5, grinding wheel protection cover, Ⅰ-6, wire, Ⅰ-7, clamping table fixing screw, Ⅰ-8, workpiece clamping screw, Ⅰ-9, workpiece clamping plate, Ⅰ-10, workpiece, Ⅰ-11, clamping table base, Ⅱ-1, brush fixing screw, Ⅱ-2, brush outer ring, Ⅱ-3, brush contact body, Ⅱ-4, primary conductive ring, Ⅱ-5, secondary conductive ring, Ⅱ- 6. Level 3 conductive ring, II-7. Inner ring of brush; III-1. Flange fixing screws, III-2. Outer flange, III-3. Inner flange; IV-1. Ratchet shaft locking pin, IV-2. Cover plate fixing screws, IV-3. Cover plate, IV-4. Grinding wheel inner plate, IV-5. Grinding wheel outer plate, IV-6. Grinding wheel plate fixing screws; V-1. Variable face ratchet shaft, V-2. Spring, V-3. Variable face pin, V-4. Multi-faceted grinding body, V-5. Ultrasonic transducer, V-6. Bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] Example 1

[0086] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 32 As shown, an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface is provided.

[0087] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface includes a grinding wheel clamping plate component IV and a plurality of variable surface ultrasonic grinding body components V.

[0088] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV is made of high-strength, light-weight, and impact-resistant materials, and the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV includes a ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1, a cover plate fixing screw IV-2, a cover plate IV-3, a grinding wheel inner clamp plate IV-4, a grinding wheel outer clamp plate IV-5, and a grinding wheel clamp fixing screw IV-6. The cover plate IV-3 is mounted on the grinding wheel inner clamp plate IV-4 through the cover plate fixing screw IV-2, and the ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 cooperates with the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 and the variable-face pin V-3 of the variable-face ultrasonic grinding body assembly V through the square hole reserved on the cover plate IV-3 to achieve the locking of the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1.

[0089] The inner grinding wheel clamping plate IV-4 and the outer grinding wheel clamping plate IV-5 are locked by the grinding wheel clamping plate fixing screw IV-6. When locked, the corresponding ratchet mounting holes on the inner grinding wheel clamping plate IV-4 and the outer grinding wheel clamping plate IV-5 correspond to each other. In this embodiment, Figure 6As shown, 8 ratchet mounting holes are respectively provided on the inner clamping plate IV-4 of the grinding wheel and the outer clamping plate IV-5 of the grinding wheel. One ratchet mounting hole on the inner clamping plate IV-4 of the grinding wheel and one ratchet mounting hole on the outer clamping plate IV-5 of the grinding wheel serve as a group, and together cooperate with a variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 of a variable-face ultrasonic grinding body assembly V.

[0090] like Fig.10 As shown, the variable-face ultrasonic grinding body assembly V includes a variable-face ratchet shaft V-1, a spring V-2, a variable-face pin V-3, a multi-face grinding body V-4, an ultrasonic transducer V-5 and a bearing V-6. The variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 is installed in the ratchet mounting holes provided on the inner clamping plate IV-4 and the outer clamping plate IV-5 of the grinding wheel when locked. When mating, one end of the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 is connected to the outer clamping plate V-5 of the grinding wheel through the bearing V-6, and the other end is mated with the variable-face pin V-3, and the variable-face pin V-3 is mated with the variable-face part of the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1, and at the same time, the variable-face pin V-3 is slidably mated with the inner clamping plate IV-4 of the grinding wheel.

[0091] After being pushed by the spring V-2, the face-changing pin V-3 can cooperate with the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 and lock the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 to prevent the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 from rotating relative to the ratchet mounting hole.

[0092] The ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 on the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV can abut against the spring V-2, thereby driving the face-changing pin V-3 to move through the spring V-2 to achieve locking of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1. When the ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 is inserted, the ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 clamps the face-changing pin V-3 and the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1, so that the sliding of the face-changing pin V-3 is locked, and the locking of the face-changing pin V-3 is used to constrain the rotation of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1.

[0093] When the ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 is pulled out from the hole of the cover plate IV-3, the face-changing pin V-3 disengages from the engaging position of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1, releasing the lock on the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1, and the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 can rotate. During the rotation process, the face-changing pin V-3 retracts backward to compress the spring V-2. When it rotates to the next engaging position of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1, the spring V-2 pushes the face-changing pin V-3 into the engaging position of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1, thereby locking the rotation position of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 and accurately adjusting the rotation angle of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 to meet the requirements of precise annular surface. At this time, the ratchet shaft locking pin IV-1 is inserted into the preset hole on the cover plate IV-3 to lock the position of the face-changing pin V-3.

[0094] An axial hole is provided at the center of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4, which is connected to the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 through a key. The rotation of the face-changing ratchet shaft V-1 drives the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 to rotate, thereby realizing the face-changing operation. It can be understood that since the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 has multiple grinding surfaces, the "face-changing" in this embodiment means changing the position of the grinding surface by rotating the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 around the axis, thereby changing the grinding surface in the working state.

[0095] The ultrasonic transducer V-5 is installed in a mounting groove on the surface of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 and is connected to the wiring terminal at the protruding end of the inner ring of the brush through a wire I-6.

[0096] Among them, multiple variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body components V are distributed circumferentially along the axis of the grinding wheel clamping assembly IV to form a combined grinding wheel. Under the condition that the multiple variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body components V do not interfere with each other, since each variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body component V is correspondingly provided with a multi-surface grinding body V-4, the maximum number n of multi-surface grinding bodies V-4 that can be accommodated by the grinding wheel clamping assembly IV can be calculated by the following formula in theory:

[0097]

[0098] Where n is the theoretical maximum capacity of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4; i is the number of faces of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4; θ i The inner angle of the regular polygon embedded in the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 r is the base circle radius of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4; R' i is the radius of the circle that is concentric with the outer circle of the combined grinding wheel and passes through the center circle of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4; R is the outer radius of the combined grinding wheel; n is rounded to the nearest integer. This is the actual maximum number of multi-faceted grinding bodies V-4 that can be accommodated.

[0099] Fig.11 The three-sided ratchet shaft V-1 is shown. Fig.12 The double-sided variable-face ratchet shaft V-2 is shown. Fig.13 The four-sided variable-face ratchet shaft V-4 is shown. The number of variable faces of the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 is determined by the number of grinding faces of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4.

[0100] In this embodiment, the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 is made of a material with good properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, high strength, high toughness, heat resistance and impact resistance. The outer ring of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 is provided with a plurality of convex surfaces distributed around its axis as grinding surfaces, and the surface abrasive grains are fixed on the convex surface of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 by brazing, electroplating or resin bonding.

[0101] like Fig.14 As shown in FIG. 1 , the abrasive particles are arranged in an array according to their size on different grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body, such as Fig.15 As shown, the abrasive grains are arranged in arrays and staggered in order of size on different grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body. This embodiment provides different forms of abrasive grains on different grinding surfaces, and the abrasive grain sizes and arrangements can be different, thereby solving the problem that the existing grinding wheel has a single abrasive grain size and arrangement, and the grinding wheel needs to be frequently replaced for grinding.

[0102] like Fig.16 As shown, the angle of the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 adopts an arc transition structure. This embodiment effectively reduces the impact load borne by the grinding wheel during the grinding feed process of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 by changing the sharp corner into an arc structure, and each transition arc is divided into two transition zones, and the abrasive grain size of each transition zone is slightly larger than the abrasive grain size of the grinding surface, thereby improving the material removal efficiency, improving the processing surface quality, and having a good grinding effect on superhard materials.

[0103] The number of grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 can be freely set, such as Fig.17 As shown in FIG. 1 , a two-sided multi-faceted grinding body has two grinding surfaces that can be replaced, and the grinding surfaces are two convex arc surfaces on the left and right. Fig.18 As shown, it is a four-sided multi-faceted grinding body, and the grinding surfaces are four convex arc surfaces. The number of grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 can also be three, five, six, etc., depending on the actual situation. In this embodiment, by setting different numbers of grinding surfaces for the multi-faceted grinding body V-4, several grinding surfaces can be set with several sizes of abrasive grains and arrangements, which can fully adapt to different processing requirements. Through the different geometric shapes of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4, it also corresponds to the different placement methods of the ultrasonic transducer V-5, and a variety of required ultrasonic vibration waveforms can be generated.

[0104] The multi-faceted grinding body V-4 can be a profiled grinding wheel, such as Fig. 22 As shown, the surface shape of the multi-faceted grinding body is a longitudinal tree shape, which can be used for the forming grinding of the longitudinal tree-shaped blade tenons.

[0105] like Fig.23 As shown, the grinding surface structure of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 is an intermittent structure, imitating the surface structure of an intermittent grinding wheel.

[0106] The grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 can also be a detachable structure, such as Fig.24 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 and the grinding wheel base. Fig.25 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel matrix. Fig.26 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined grinding sheet. Fig. 27The figure shows the schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated grinding sheet. The detachable grinding surface solves the problem of the grinding wheel grinding surface needing to be replaced as a whole after being damaged, and also solves the problem that the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 abrasive grains cannot be freely configured to achieve the required grinding accuracy.

[0107] This design can also be used as a single-grain grinding experimental device, such as Fig.28 As shown, this is a multi-faceted grinding body V-4 for single abrasive grinding experiments. By setting different single abrasives on different grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4, each time the experiment is performed, it is rotated to the required experimental abrasive, which can save time and improve experimental efficiency.

[0108] like Fig.29 As shown, the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 is a multi-faceted grinding body of an axial contact ultrasonic transducer. By extending the transducer placement groove to the inner hole of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4, the ultrasonic transducer V-5 can be directly in contact with the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1, thereby causing the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 to vibrate in one direction as a whole when the ultrasonic transducer V-5 is started. The amplitude of the vibration can be changed by changing the matching clearance between the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 and the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1. Fig.30 As shown, the shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer V-5 is formed by changing the bottom end of the ultrasonic transducer V-5 into an arc with the same diameter as the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1 so that the shaft-contact ultrasonic transducer V-5 fits tightly with the variable-face ratchet shaft V-1.

[0109] like Fig.31 The multi-faceted grinding body V-4 with hollow ribs is shown. Through the hollow design, the center material of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 is reduced, which can not only reduce the weight of the grinding wheel but also increase the amplitude of the grinding wheel.

[0110] Fig.32 Shown is a simplified diagram of parameter analysis of the multi-faceted grinding body V-4 with three grinding surfaces.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 32 As shown, a grinding system is provided, which utilizes an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface as in Example 1.

[0113] like Figure 1As shown, the grinding system includes a workbench assembly I, a brush assembly II, a flange assembly III, a grinding wheel clamp assembly IV and a variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V. The workbench assembly I is a bearing assembly and is arranged below the brush assembly II, the flange assembly III, the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV and the variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V. The workbench assembly I is connected to the brush assembly II through a wire I-6, the brush assembly II is mounted on the flange assembly III, the flange assembly III is mounted on the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV, and the variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V is mounted on the grinding wheel clamp assembly IV. The grinding wheel clamp assembly IV and the variable-surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V constitute an ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface as in Example 1.

[0114] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the workbench assembly I mainly includes a workbench base I-1, an ultrasonic generator I-2, an oscilloscope I-3, a fixing seat I-4, a grinding wheel protection cover I-5, a wire I-6 and a workpiece clamping table. The workbench base I-1 is arranged at the bottom as a basis for carrying other structures of the workbench assembly I. The fixing seat I-4 is embedded in the workbench base I-1, and the connection is fixed by using the embedded groove set on the workbench base I-1 to cooperate with the slider on the fixing seat I-4, and the stability of the connection is ensured.

[0115] The ultrasonic generator I-2 and the oscilloscope I-3 are arranged on the workbench base I-1 and connected by the wire I-6. The waveform output by the ultrasonic generator I-2 can be displayed in real time on the oscilloscope I-3. The ultrasonic generator I-2 is also connected to the brush assembly II through the wire I-6, and the current is transmitted to the brush assembly II, thereby driving the ultrasonic transducer V-5 to vibrate, and ultrasonic vibration grinding is performed on the workpiece clamped on the workbench base I-1 while the grinding wheel rotates. The grinding wheel guard I-5 can be installed through other auxiliary brackets to protect the operation process of the variable surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V. Coolant nozzles are respectively arranged on both sides of the grinding wheel guard I-5, which can be connected to the external cooling system, obtain coolant from the external cooling system, and spray coolant during the grinding process.

[0116] The workpiece clamping table is installed above the fixed seat I-4. The workpiece clamping table includes a clamping table base I-11, a clamping table fixing screw Ⅰ-7, a workpiece clamping screw Ⅰ-8, a workpiece clamping plate Ⅰ-9 and a workpiece Ⅰ-10. The workpiece clamping table connects the clamping table base Ⅰ-11 with the fixed seat Ⅰ-4 through the clamping table fixing screw Ⅰ-7. The workpiece clamping screw Ⅰ-8 is screwed into the threaded hole on the clamping table base Ⅰ-11. One end of the workpiece clamping screw Ⅰ-8 is connected to the workpiece clamping plate Ⅰ-9. The clamping force is adjusted by adjusting the screw-in depth. The workpiece 1-10 is placed between the two workpiece clamping plates Ⅰ-9 for clamping.

[0117] like Figure 4As shown, the brush assembly II includes a brush fixing screw II-1, a brush outer ring II-2, a brush contact body II-3, a primary conductive ring II-4, a secondary conductive ring II-5, a tertiary conductive ring II-6 and a brush inner ring II-7. The brush assembly II is made of a lightweight material with good heat dissipation, and the conductive ring is made of copper, aluminum, silver and other materials with good conductivity. The brush outer ring II-2 is connected to the ultrasonic generator I-2 through the reserved terminal of the extended part to receive the current signal. The brush contact body II-3 is installed in the reserved installation hole of the brush outer ring II-2, and the primary conductive ring II-4, the secondary conductive ring II-5 and the tertiary conductive ring II-6 are installed in the reserved annular groove of the brush inner ring II-7. When the grinding wheel rotates, the bottom ends of the three brush contact bodies II-3 are respectively in contact with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the primary conductive ring II-4, the secondary conductive ring II-5 and the tertiary conductive ring II-6, and maintain electrical connection. The brush inner ring II-5 is connected to the inner flange III-2 of the flange assembly III through the brush fixing screws II-1.

[0118] The brush inner ring II-5 is connected to the outlet terminals of the primary conductive ring II-4, the secondary conductive ring II-5 and the tertiary conductive ring II-6 through the reserved wiring port, receives the current and is connected to the ultrasonic transducer V-3 of the variable surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V through the wiring terminal of the extended part of the brush inner ring II-7 through the wire II-6, thereby transmitting the electrical signal of the ultrasonic transducer I-2 to the ultrasonic transducer V-3, driving the ultrasonic transducer V-3 to vibrate, so that the variable surface ultrasonic grinding body assembly V performs the required ultrasonic vibration grinding action.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface, characterized in that: include: The grinding wheel clamping plate assembly comprises a coaxially distributed inner grinding wheel clamping plate and an outer grinding wheel clamping plate, wherein the inner grinding wheel clamping plate and the outer grinding wheel clamping plate are provided with a plurality of ratchet mounting holes distributed circumferentially around their axes; The variable-face ultrasonic grinding body assembly includes a multi-faceted grinding body and an ultrasonic transducer. An axial hole is provided at the center of the multi-faceted grinding body and is detachably connected to a variable-face ratchet shaft through a key. Both ends of the variable-face ratchet shaft cooperate with the same group of ratchet mounting holes. The outer peripheral surface of the multi-faceted grinding body forms a plurality of grinding surfaces distributed around the axis of the axial hole. The multi-faceted grinding body is rotated to adjust the position of the grinding surface to change the grinding surface protruding from the radial edge of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel; the ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic vibration and acts on the multi-faceted grinding body.

2. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The abrasive grains on different grinding surfaces of the multi-faceted grinding body are arranged with different abrasive grain roughness and / or abrasive grain arrangement.

3. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The grinding surface on the multi-faceted grinding body is a convex arc surface. Along the axial hole ring upward, a transition arc is arranged between adjacent grinding surfaces. The abrasive grain size on the transition arc area is larger than the abrasive grain size on the grinding surface.

4. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The variable-section ratchet shaft is connected with a variable-face pin, and the variable-face pin is matched with a ratchet shaft locking pin. The ratchet shaft locking pin is actuated to unlock or lock the rotation of the multi-faceted grinding body around the axis of the shaft hole.

5. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: There are multiple multi-faceted grinding bodies, each of which cooperates with a group of ratchet mounting holes through a variable-face ratchet shaft. The multiple multi-faceted grinding bodies are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel, and the grinding surface of the multi-faceted grinding body protruding from the radial edge of the inner clamping plate of the grinding wheel constitutes a working surface.

6. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-faceted grinding body comprises a grinding base and a grinding sheet. The grinding sheet and the grinding base are detachably connected, and the grinding surfaces are distributed on the grinding sheet.

7. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A single or multiple grinding sheets are installed on the grinding base, and the multiple grinding sheets are assembled and distributed around the grinding base.

8. The ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a vertical grinding surface arrangement, a symmetrical line arrangement or a mixed arrangement.

9. A grinding system, characterized in that: Utilize the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with replaceable grinding surface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The grinding system according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes a workbench assembly, a brush assembly and a flange assembly. The workbench assembly is provided with a clamping table for clamping the workpiece. The grinding wheel clamp assembly is installed on the flange assembly to drive the ultrasonic vibration grinding wheel with a replaceable grinding surface to rotate. The brush assembly cooperates with the flange assembly. The inner ring of the brush of the brush assembly is connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and the outer ring of the brush assembly is connected to the ultrasonic generator placed on the workbench assembly.

Images