Starting power supply management system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a starting power supply management system and a vehicle. The starting power supply management system comprises a microcontroller and a watchdog timer, the microcontroller comprises a reset end, the watchdog timer comprises a reset control end, and the watchdog timer is connected with the microcontroller through the reset control end and the reset end; the watchdog timer is used for periodically receiving a clock signal of the microcontroller and sending a reset control signal when the clock signal of the microcontroller is still not received when counting overflows; the microcontroller is used for resetting in response to the reset control signal. The system can control the microcontroller to reset in time when the microcontroller flies or crashes, so that the reliability and safety of starting the power supply management system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a starting power management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The starting power supply, such as lead-acid battery or lithium battery, can be equipped with a battery sampling chip to collect power status parameters. However, the current starting power management system does not have an anti-flying mechanism to monitor the microcontroller's flying and crashing problems, resulting in low reliability and safety of the starting lithium battery power management system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a startup power management system, which can timely control the microcontroller to reset when the microcontroller runs away or crashes, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the startup power management system.

[0004] A second object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a startup power management system, including: a microcontroller, the microcontroller includes a reset terminal; a watchdog timer, the watchdog timer includes a reset control terminal, and the watchdog timer is connected to the microcontroller through the reset control terminal and the reset terminal; the watchdog timer is used to periodically receive the clock signal of the microcontroller, and send a reset control signal when the count overflows and the clock signal of the microcontroller is still not received; the microcontroller is used to reset in response to the reset control signal.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power management system is started and a watchdog timer is added. The watchdog timer periodically receives a clock signal from a microcontroller. When the watchdog timer does not receive a clock signal from the microcontroller, it accumulates counts. When the accumulated count of the watchdog timer reaches an overflow threshold, the count overflows. If the clock signal of the microcontroller is still not received, it is determined that a fault has occurred in the microcontroller, such as a runaway or a crash. The microcontroller is then controlled to reset. Certain faults or program errors can be repaired by resetting and restarting, so that the microcontroller can work normally, thereby preventing the microcontroller from running away or crashing, and improving the reliability and safety of the startup power management system.

[0007] In some embodiments, the startup power management system further includes: a microcontroller wafer, the microcontroller being located on the microcontroller wafer; and an analog front-end wafer, the watchdog timer being located on the analog front-end wafer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer also includes: a voltage regulator module, wherein the input end of the voltage regulator module is connected to the startup power supply, and the output end of the voltage regulator module is respectively connected to the analog front-end wafer and the microcontroller wafer, and is used to convert the supply voltage of the startup power supply into a first voltage for powering the analog front-end wafer and a second voltage for powering the microcontroller wafer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the voltage regulator module includes: a first low-voltage dropout linear regulator, wherein the input end of the first low-voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the startup power supply, and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power supply into the power supply voltage of the startup power management system; a second low-voltage dropout linear regulator, wherein the input end of the second low-voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the output end of the first low-voltage dropout linear regulator, and the output end of the second low-voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply end of the analog front-end wafer, and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power management system into the first voltage; a third low-voltage dropout linear regulator, wherein the input end of the third low-voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the output end of the first low-voltage dropout linear regulator, and the output end of the third low-voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply end of the microcontroller wafer, and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power management system into the second voltage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer also includes: a counter for recording the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer; a digital logic module, which is respectively connected to the counter and the third low-voltage difference linear stabilizer, and is used to control the third low-voltage difference linear stabilizer to cut off the output of the second voltage when the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer reaches a preset number.

[0011] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer also includes: a high-side driver module, the high-side driver module is connected to the positive end of the startup power supply, and the control end of the high-side driver module is connected to the digital logic module for controlling the charging or discharging of the startup power supply.

[0012] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer further includes: a charge pump, wherein the charge pump is respectively connected to the startup power supply, the high-side driver module and the digital logic module, and is used to provide a driving power supply for the high-side driver module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer further includes: a collection module, which is connected to the digital logic module and is used to collect status information of the battery cells in the startup power supply.

[0014] In some embodiments, the acquisition module includes at least one of the following: a voltage acquisition unit, which is connected to each battery cell in the starting power supply and is used to acquire the voltage of each battery cell; a current acquisition unit, which is connected in series to the negative end of the starting power supply and is used to acquire the current of the starting power supply; and a temperature acquisition unit, which is used to acquire the temperature of the starting power supply.

[0015] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer further includes: a hardware protection module, which is connected to the digital logic module and is used to perform corresponding hardware protection processing according to the status information of the battery cells in the startup power supply and / or an external trigger signal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hardware protection module includes: a current awakening unit, and the power awakening unit is used to wake up the startup power management system when the discharge current of the startup power in the sleep mode is greater than a preset discharge current.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hardware protection module includes: a charging detection unit, wherein the charging detection unit is configured to wake up the startup power management system in response to an external wake-up signal so that the startup power management system exits a deep sleep mode.

[0018] In some embodiments, the hardware protection module includes: an overcurrent trigger unit, which is used to output an overcurrent protection trigger signal when the current of the battery cell reaches an overcurrent threshold; the digital logic module is also used to send a cut-off control signal in response to the overcurrent protection trigger signal; the high-side driver module is also used to disconnect in response to the cut-off control signal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the hardware protection module includes: an overvoltage trigger unit, which is used to output an overvoltage protection trigger signal when the voltage of the battery cell reaches an overvoltage threshold, and the digital logic module is also used to perform overvoltage protection in response to the overvoltage protection trigger signal.

[0020] In some embodiments, the hardware protection module includes: an over-temperature trigger unit, which is used to output an over-temperature protection trigger signal when the temperature of the startup power supply reaches an over-temperature threshold, and the digital logic module is also used to perform over-temperature protection in response to the over-temperature protection trigger signal.

[0021] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer also includes a first serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the digital logic module; the microcontroller wafer also includes a second serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the microcontroller, and the second serial peripheral interface is also connected to the first serial peripheral interface to achieve communication between the microcontroller and the digital logic module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer also includes: a communication network signal transceiver, which is connected to the digital logic module and is used to realize signal reception and conversion between the external communication network connected to the analog front-end wafer.

[0023] In some embodiments, the analog front-end wafer further includes: a plurality of bandgap reference voltage sources connected to the output end of the second low voltage dropout linear regulator, for providing reference voltages for various modules of the analog front-end wafer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is further used to obtain status information of the battery cells of the starting power supply to monitor the power level of the starting power supply, and switch the working state of the starting power supply management system according to the power level of the starting power supply.

[0025] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch from the working mode to the sleep mode when the power of the startup power drops to the first-level protection threshold, and only the hardware protection module runs in the sleep mode.

[0026] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch to a deep sleep mode when the power level of the startup power drops to a secondary protection threshold, in which only the charging detection unit in the hardware protection module operates.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising: a starting power supply; and a starting power supply management system as described in the above embodiment, wherein the starting power supply management system is connected to the starting power supply.

[0028] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, the starting power is controlled by the starting power management system. When the microcontroller runs away or freezes, the power can be cut off and restarted, and a power-on reset can be performed, thereby increasing the reliability and stability of the system and improving the reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a startup power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of an analog front-end wafer and a microcontroller wafer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a commonly used vehicle domain controller control management strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a startup power management system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a startup power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the working steps of starting the power management system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] Vehicles 2000;

[0040] Start the power management system 1000;

[0041] Microcontroller wafer 100; analog front-end wafer 200;

[0042] Voltage regulator module 230; acquisition unit 240; hardware protection module 250;

[0043] Reset terminal 101; microcontroller 102; second serial peripheral interface 103; watchdog timer pass 201; reset control terminal 202; counter 203; digital logic module 204; first low-dropout linear regulator 231; second low-dropout linear regulator 232; third low-dropout linear regulator 233; regulator module input terminal 234; regulator module output terminal 235; first serial peripheral interface 205; high-side driver module 206; charge pump 207; voltage acquisition unit 208; current acquisition unit 209; temperature acquisition unit 210; current wake-up unit 211; charging detection unit 212; over-current trigger unit 213; over-voltage trigger unit 214; over-temperature trigger unit 215; communication network signal transceiver 216; multiple bandgap reference voltage sources 217; startup power supply 2001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0045] A first aspect of the present invention provides a startup power management system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the startup power management system 1000 includes: a microcontroller 102 and a watchdog timer 201 .

[0046] The microcontroller 102 includes a reset terminal 101 ; the watchdog timer 201 includes a reset control terminal 202 , and the watchdog timer 201 is connected to the microcontroller 102 via the reset control terminal 202 and the reset terminal 101 .

[0047] Specifically, the watchdog timer 201 is actually a counter. Generally, a number is given to the watchdog. The watchdog starts counting after the program starts running. If the program runs normally, after a period of time, the processor should issue an instruction to reset the watchdog to zero and restart counting; if the watchdog increases to the set value, it is considered that the program is not working properly, and the entire system is forced to reset.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the watchdog timer 201 is used to periodically receive the clock signal of the microcontroller 102, which can be called a dog feeding signal. In each cycle, if the watchdog timer 201 does not receive the clock signal of the microcontroller 102, the count is accumulated. When the accumulated count reaches an overflow threshold, it overflows. When the clock signal of the microcontroller 102 is still not received when the count overflows, a reset control signal is sent to the microcontroller 102; the microcontroller 102 is reset in response to the reset control signal, and some faults or program errors can be repaired by resetting and restarting.

[0049] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the power management system is started, and a watchdog timer 201 is added. The watchdog timer 201 periodically receives the clock signal of the microcontroller 102. When the watchdog timer 201 does not receive the clock signal of the microcontroller 102, it will count cumulatively. When the cumulative count of the watchdog timer 201 reaches the overflow threshold, the count overflows. If the clock signal of the microcontroller 102 is still not received, it is determined that the microcontroller 102 has a fault, such as running away or freezing, and the microcontroller is promptly controlled to reset. Certain faults or program errors can be repaired by resetting and restarting, so that the microcontroller can work normally, thereby preventing the microcontroller from running away or freezing, and improving the reliability and safety of the startup power management system.

[0050] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the startup power management system 1000 further includes: a microcontroller wafer 100 and an analog front-end wafer 200 .

[0051] The microcontroller 102 is located on the microcontroller wafer 100 ; the watchdog timer 201 is located on the analog front-end wafer 200 .

[0052] Specifically, the startup power management system 1000 of the present invention implements the physical functions and management strategies of the system on two independent wafers respectively, and finally packages them together. The two wafers are respectively a microcontroller wafer 100 and an analog front-end wafer 200, wherein the analog front-end wafer 200 is responsible for the hardware implementation of functions such as monitoring, control and protection, while the microcontroller wafer 100 is responsible for the application of strategies such as energy management, calculation and management;

[0053] The watchdog timer 201 is located on the analog front-end wafer 200, and is used to periodically receive the clock signal of the microcontroller 102. It overflows when the count of the received clock signal reaches a threshold in each cycle. When the count overflows and the clock signal of the microcontroller 102 is still not received, a reset control signal is sent to reset the microcontroller 102. The microcontroller 102 is located on the microcontroller wafer 100, and calculates and controls the program in starting the power management system.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 further includes: a regulator module 230 .

[0055] Among them, the input end 234 of the voltage regulator module is connected to the starting power supply, and the output end 235 of the voltage regulator module is respectively connected to the analog front-end wafer 200 and the microcontroller wafer 100, and is used to convert the supply voltage of the starting power supply into a first voltage for powering the analog front-end wafer 200 and a second voltage for powering the microcontroller wafer 100.

[0056] Specifically, the main function of the voltage regulator module 230 is to stabilize the startup power supply voltage with large fluctuations within a specific range to ensure that various circuits or electrical equipment can work normally under the rated operating voltage; the first voltage can be understood as the voltage that the voltage regulator module 230 uses to power the analog front-end wafer 200, and the second voltage can be understood as the voltage that the voltage regulator module 230 uses to power the microcontroller wafer 100.

[0057] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the regulator module 230 includes: a first low-dropout linear regulator 231 , a second low-dropout linear regulator 232 and a third low-dropout linear regulator 233 .

[0058] Among them, the input end of the first low-voltage difference linear regulator 231 is connected to the starting power supply, the input end of the second low-voltage difference linear regulator 232 is connected to the output end of the first low-voltage difference linear regulator 231, the output end of the second low-voltage difference linear regulator 232 is connected to the power supply end of the analog front-end wafer 200, the input end of the third low-voltage difference linear regulator 233 is connected to the output end of the first low-voltage difference linear regulator 231, and the output end of the third low-voltage difference linear regulator 233 is connected to the power supply end of the microcontroller wafer 100.

[0059] Specifically, the first low-voltage difference linear regulator 231 is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power supply into the power supply voltage of the startup power management system 1000, the second low-voltage difference linear regulator 232 is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power management system 1000 into a first voltage which is the power supply voltage provided by the analog front-end wafer 200, and the third low-voltage difference linear regulator 233 is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power management system 1000 into a second voltage which is the power supply voltage provided by the microcontroller wafer 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the analog front-end wafer also includes: a counter 203 and a digital logic module 204 .

[0061] Among them, the digital logic module 204 is connected to the counter 203 and the third low-voltage difference linear stabilizer 233 respectively, and is used to control the third low-voltage difference linear stabilizer 233 to cut off the output of the second voltage when the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer 201 reaches a preset number; the counter 203 is used to record the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer.

[0062] Specifically, the watchdog timer 201 periodically receives the clock signal of the microcontroller 102. If the clock signal of the microcontroller 102 is not received, the counter 203 is incremented by 1. When the count reaches the overflow threshold each time, if the clock signal of the microcontroller is still not received, the microcontroller is controlled to reset, that is, the microcontroller is controlled to perform multiple reset processes to implement multiple anti-runaway or crash control strategies. Further, when the watchdog timer 201 continuously overflows for a preset number of times, the digital logic module 204 controls the third low-voltage difference linear stabilizer 233 to cut off the output of the second voltage; the preset number of times can be 3 times or 4 times or more, which is not specifically limited here. That is, the combination of reset control and power-off control can implement a multi-level anti-runaway or crash control strategy for the microcontroller 102.

[0063] For example, the vehicle-mounted lithium battery starting power management system is a relatively independent management system, and the vehicle domain control strategy has little control involvement in it. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the currently commonly used vehicle domain controller control management strategy is: starting the power management system requires real-time monitoring of the gear information sent by the vehicle domain controller to control its own state; and sending exception processing requests and power data to the vehicle domain controller.

[0064] The startup power management system in the present invention is a relatively independent battery management system. In the process of self-management, it will send a CAN (Controller Area Network) message to the vehicle domain controller only when abnormalities and power information are monitored. If the charging request issued by the startup power management system is not met, the startup power management system will switch to different working modes according to its own power to cope with the gradually decreasing power and the discharge demand for the vehicle load. Usually, the startup power supply needs to include functional modules with detection and monitoring, control and protection, battery maintenance and diagnosis, communication, energy management and optimization, and safety management. The detection and monitoring module is the core of the battery management system, which is responsible for real-time monitoring of the state and health of the battery. Specifically, it detects the physical parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and the charging and discharging state of the battery in real time through various sensors and circuits. By processing and analyzing these data, the battery management system can derive the remaining capacity and battery health of the battery. This is crucial for the effective use and maintenance of the battery, and also provides the driver with important information about the battery status, which helps them to drive reasonably and safely.

[0065] The control and protection module is mainly responsible for the battery charge and discharge control and various protection functions. Charge and discharge control is to achieve the best working state of the battery, improve the battery efficiency and extend the battery life by controlling the battery charge and discharge process. The protection functions mainly include overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, temperature protection, short circuit protection, etc. These protection functions can take timely measures to avoid battery damage and accidents when the battery is abnormal.

[0066] The battery maintenance and diagnosis module mainly includes functions such as battery balanced charging, battery diagnosis, and fault recording. Balanced charging is to allocate power among the batteries in the battery pack so that all batteries can reach the same charging state, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery pack and extending the service life of the battery pack. Battery diagnosis and fault recording are to process and analyze the battery monitoring data to determine the health status of the battery, discover the abnormal conditions of the battery, and record the battery faults, providing a basis for battery maintenance and repair.

[0067] The communication module is a bridge for information exchange between the battery management system and other on-board systems. Through the communication module, the battery management system can transmit battery information to other on-board systems, such as the power control system, on-board information system, etc., and can also receive information from other systems, such as driving instructions, environmental information, etc., thereby achieving information sharing and coordination among various on-board systems.

[0068] The energy management and optimization module is mainly responsible for the energy management and performance optimization of the battery. Energy management is to adjust the battery's charge and discharge strategy to make the battery operate in the best working state according to different driving conditions and environmental conditions, thereby improving the battery's efficiency. Performance optimization is to improve the battery's performance by optimizing the battery's physical parameters and charge and discharge status, such as improving the battery's charging efficiency and improving the battery's discharge efficiency.

[0069] In the regulator module part, the present invention adopts two independent low-voltage difference linear regulators to supply power to two wafers separately, and sets a watchdog on the analog front-end wafer. The microcontroller is required to perform the dog feeding work regularly within a preset time. If the microcontroller runs away or freezes, when the analog front-end wafer watchdog overflows, no dog feeding instruction is issued and the analog front-end wafer watchdog is not fed, then the analog front-end wafer starts a counter to record the number of consecutive watchdog overflows. When the value reaches the preset value, the analog front-end wafer logic controls the third low-voltage difference linear regulator switch to disconnect the output of the third low-voltage difference linear regulator, that is, the microcontroller is powered off to achieve core power-off restart and power-on reset; before the overflow number threshold is triggered, if the watchdog is effectively fed, the counter value is cleared and the counting starts again.

[0070] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 includes a high-side driver module 206 .

[0071] The high-side driver module 206 is connected to the positive terminal of the startup power supply, and the control terminal of the high-side driver module 206 is connected to the digital logic module 204 for controlling the charging or discharging of the startup power supply.

[0072] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the high-side driver module 206 has multiple independent high-side MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) gate drivers, and the microcontroller 102 configures the registers to enable the analog front end to directly respond to and supervise the external discharge and battery charging behaviors.

[0073] For example, most current competing products use discrete high-side drivers and integrated low-side drivers when designing the charge and discharge management of the startup power management system. The integrated high-side driver used in the present invention not only reduces the system cost, but also allows the protection module of the startup power supply to directly act on the high-side driver module, allowing the system to respond quickly. For example, when a short circuit occurs at the load end of the startup power supply, a huge current will be generated on the MOS tube. If it is not disconnected immediately, it will not only burn out the MOS tube, but will also further damage the components on the system and the load, directly affecting the people in the car. In the traditional solution, when a short circuit occurs, an analog front end is required to collect data and then identify, determine and execute the shutdown behavior through a microcontroller. The startup power management system in the present invention no longer uses a microcontroller, but can be directly operated through a trigger source signal, greatly shortening the response time.

[0074] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 includes a charge pump 207 .

[0075] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the charge pump 207 is connected to the startup power supply, the high-side driving module 206 and the digital logic module 204 respectively, and is used to provide driving power for the high-side driving module 206 .

[0076] The startup power supply is responsible for the power supply requirements of the entire startup power management system. The voltage regulator module includes multiple independent low-voltage difference linear regulators to power each module. The second low-voltage difference linear regulator powers the analog front-end wafer, and the third low-voltage difference linear regulator powers the microcontroller wafer. The startup power supply provides various reference voltages for the devices inside the analog front-end wafer, and the charge pump 207 provides driving power for the high-side driver module 206.

[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 includes: an acquisition module 240 .

[0078] Specifically, the acquisition module 240 is connected to the digital logic module 204 and is used to collect status information of the battery cells in the starting power supply; for example, the acquisition module 240 includes high-precision independent channel battery cell acquisition, current acquisition, voltage acquisition and temperature acquisition. The acquisition module 240 detects the battery's voltage, current, temperature and other physical parameters, as well as the battery's charging status and discharging status in real time through various sensors and circuits.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the acquisition module 240 includes: a voltage acquisition unit 208 , a current acquisition unit 209 and a temperature acquisition unit 210 .

[0080] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the voltage acquisition unit 240 is connected to each battery cell in the starting power supply to collect the voltage of each battery cell. The current acquisition unit 209 is connected in series to the negative end of the starting power supply to collect the current of the starting power supply. The temperature acquisition unit 210 is used to collect the temperature of the starting power supply.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 includes: a hardware protection module 250 .

[0082] Specifically, the hardware protection module 250 is connected to the digital logic module 204, and is used to perform corresponding hardware protection processing according to the status information of the battery cells in the startup power supply and / or the external trigger signal; the digital logic module 204 can directly control the corresponding monitoring circuit in the analog front-end wafer 200 to perform circuit break protection or send fault information to the microcontroller 102, and then the microcontroller 102 requests the corresponding hardware protection from the upper-level processor.

[0083] For example, the analog front-end wafer contains a variety of hardware protection modules, which can enable the analog front-end wafer to respond quickly without the need for internal logic and microcontroller calculations or sleep mode, ensuring the safety of starting the power management system under abnormal conditions, or avoiding further deterioration of the device, thereby protecting the safety of the startup power supply.

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hardware protection module 250 includes: a current awakening unit 211 .

[0085] Specifically, the power awakening unit 211 is used to wake up the startup power management system when the discharge current of the startup power in the sleep mode is greater than the preset discharge current. The power awakening unit 211 ensures that when the discharge current of the startup power in the sleep mode is greater than the preset current value, the startup power management system 1000 is awakened in time, so that the startup power management system 1000 adjusts the configuration and further detects, so as to prevent the startup power management system 1000 from over-discharging and damaging the battery cell in the sleep state.

[0086] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hardware protection module 250 includes: a charging detection unit 212 .

[0087] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the charging detection unit 212 is used to wake up the startup power management system 1000 in response to an external wake-up signal so that the startup power management system 1000 exits the deep sleep mode; the charging detection unit 212 promptly senses the external wake-up signal, and when the startup power management system 1000 enters deep sleep due to extreme power supply, the startup power management system 1000 wakes up in time and charges.

[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hardware protection module 250 includes: an overcurrent trigger unit 213.

[0089] Specifically, the overcurrent trigger unit 213 is used to output an overcurrent protection trigger signal when the current of the battery cell reaches the overcurrent threshold; the digital logic module 204 is also used to send a cut-off control signal in response to the overcurrent protection trigger signal; the high-side driver module 206 is also used to disconnect in response to the cut-off control signal.

[0090] The overcurrent threshold can be understood as the maximum current that the startup power management system 1000 can withstand. In order to enable each device in the startup power management system 1000 to work normally, the current should be less than the overcurrent threshold. For example, the overcurrent threshold may be 3A or 5A, etc.; when the current in the power management system 1000 is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the overcurrent trigger unit 213 outputs an overcurrent protection trigger signal, and the digital logic module 204 sends a cut-off control signal in response to the overcurrent protection trigger signal. After the high-side driver module 206 receives the cut-off control signal sent by the digital logic module 204, it disconnects in response to the cut-off control signal.

[0091] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hardware protection module 250 includes: an overvoltage trigger unit 214 .

[0092] Specifically, the overvoltage trigger unit 214 is used to output an overvoltage protection trigger signal when the voltage of the battery cell reaches the overvoltage threshold, and the digital logic module 204 is also used to perform overvoltage protection in response to the overvoltage protection trigger signal.

[0093] The overvoltage threshold can be understood as the maximum voltage that the startup power management system 1000 can withstand. In order for each device in the startup power management system 1000 to work normally, the voltage should be less than the overvoltage threshold. For example, the overvoltage threshold can be 5 volts or 12 volts, etc.; when the voltage in the power management system 1000 is greater than the overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage trigger unit 214 outputs an overvoltage protection trigger signal, and the digital logic module 204 sends a cut-off control signal in response to the overvoltage protection trigger signal. After the high-side driver module 206 receives the cut-off control signal sent by the digital logic module 204, it disconnects in response to the cut-off control signal.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hardware protection module 250 includes: an over-temperature trigger unit 215 .

[0095] Specifically, the over-temperature trigger unit 215 is used to output an over-temperature protection trigger signal when the temperature of the startup power source reaches an over-temperature threshold, and the digital logic module 204 is also used to perform over-temperature protection in response to the over-temperature protection trigger signal.

[0096] The over-temperature threshold can be understood as the maximum voltage that the starting power supply can withstand. In order for the starting power management system 1000 to work normally, the starting power supply temperature should be lower than the over-temperature threshold. For example, the over-temperature threshold can be 100 degrees Celsius or 120 degrees Celsius, etc.; when the temperature of the electric starting power supply is greater than the over-temperature threshold, the over-temperature trigger unit 215 outputs an over-temperature protection trigger signal, and the digital logic module 204 sends a cut-off control signal in response to the over-temperature protection trigger signal. After the high-side driver module 206 receives the cut-off control signal sent by the digital logic module 204, it disconnects in response to the cut-off control signal.

[0097] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the analog front end wafer 200 includes a first serial peripheral interface 205 ; the microcontroller wafer 100 includes a second serial peripheral interface 103 .

[0098] Specifically, the first serial peripheral interface 205 is connected to the digital logic module 204 ; the second serial peripheral interface 103 is connected to the microcontroller 102 , and the second serial peripheral interface 103 is also connected to the first serial peripheral interface 205 to achieve communication between the microcontroller 102 and the digital logic module 204 .

[0099] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 also includes: a communication network signal transceiver 216 .

[0100] Specifically, the circuit connection diagram of the communication network signal transceiver 216 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the communication network signal transceiver 216 is connected to the digital logic module 204 to realize signal transmission, reception and conversion between the external communication network connected to the analog front-end wafer 1000. The communication between the communication network signal transceiver 216 and the vehicle-mounted domain controller, such as CAN network information, is transmitted in the form of a message. After receiving the CAN message, it is necessary to convert the CAN message into the format required for processing by the digital logic module 204 in the analog front end.

[0101] It should be noted that Figure 5 The acquisition and balancing module, charge pump, high-side driver, charge detection, CAN transceiver and current sensor shown in the figure belong to the integrated functional module of the analog front-end wafer. In order to facilitate the connection relationship between the module and the outside, the following figure shows the connection relationship between the module and the outside. Figure 5 shown.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the analog front-end wafer 200 further includes: a plurality of bandgap reference voltage sources 217 .

[0103] Specifically, a plurality of bandgap reference voltage sources 217 are connected to the output end of the second low-dropout linear regulator 232 to provide reference voltages for various modules of the analog front-end wafer 200 .

[0104] According to the following Figure 6 Describe the steps to start the power management system operation.

[0105] Step S1, the analog front-end wafer starts a new round of watchdog timing cycle.

[0106] Step S2, is a valid feeding of the microcontroller wafer received? If yes, execute S1, otherwise, execute S3.

[0107] Step S3, the counter value is increased by 1, and whether the counter value reaches the preset threshold value? If so, execute S4, otherwise, execute S1.

[0108] Step S4, the analog front end wafer disconnects the third low voltage dropout linear regulator switch and restarts the microcontroller wafer power supply.

[0109] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is further used to obtain status information of the battery cells of the starting power supply to monitor the power of the starting power supply, and switch the working state of the starting power management system according to the power of the starting power supply.

[0110] Specifically, the microcontroller obtains status information of the battery cell of the starting power supply, monitors the power level of the starting power supply in real time based on the status information, ensures that the starting power supply management system can work normally, and switches the working state of the starting power supply management system according to the power level of the starting power supply when the power level of the starting power supply is low. For example, the starting power supply management system can switch to sleep mode when the power level of the starting power supply is low.

[0111] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch from the working mode to the sleep mode when the power of the startup power drops to the first-level protection threshold, and only the hardware protection module is operated in the sleep mode.

[0112] Specifically, the first-level protection threshold can be understood as a low level of power in the startup power supply, for example, the level of power in the startup power supply is less than 30%; when the level of power in the startup power supply is reduced to the first-level protection threshold, the microcontroller controls the startup power management system to switch from working mode to sleep mode. At this time, in order to save power and extend the working time of the startup power management system, only the hardware protection module runs in sleep mode to ensure the safe operation of the power management system.

[0113] In some embodiments, the microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch to a deep sleep mode when the power of the startup power drops to a secondary protection threshold, in which only the charging detection unit in the hardware protection module operates.

[0114] Specifically, the secondary protection threshold can be understood as the extremely low power level of the startup power supply, for example, the power level of the startup power supply is less than 10%; when the power level of the startup power supply is reduced to the secondary protection threshold, the microcontroller controls the startup power management system to switch from sleep mode to deep sleep mode. At this time, the startup power supply power is extremely low, and high power consumption will cause the startup power supply to be exhausted. In order to maximize the working time of the startup power management system, only the charging detection unit is run in the deep sleep mode.

[0115] For example, the service life of automotive lithium batteries is much longer than that of lead-acid batteries, with a lifespan of 15 years. In the lithium battery-starting power management system, for the sake of system safety, the starting power management system is in a long-term powered-on working state, that is, from the time of loading or packaging, the starting power management system starts to run the burned program. Therefore, under long-term operation tasks, there may be situations such as the starting power management system program running away and freezing, there are abnormal arbitrary triggering module functions, and abnormal charging and discharging, resulting in damage to the starting power supply, or occupying the bus and other conditions. At present, the anti-runaway mechanism generally uses a reset of the microcontroller, but the reset source trigger cannot reset the kernel logic 100%. In response to the above problems, the starting power management system in the present invention is designed with multiple anti-runaway mechanisms to achieve reset and complete coverage of all logic in the kernel of the starting power management system.

[0116] When the vehicle is running or the DC converter is turned on, the startup power supply assists in discharging or not discharging to the load according to the load capacity of the DC converter. When the DC converter in the vehicle is turned off, the peripheral load is completely driven by the startup power supply. Therefore, when the startup power management system is in working mode, it is necessary to collect the startup power cell parameters in real time, monitor the power supply power, and convert the working state according to the preset power, that is, sleep and deep sleep. If the power drops to the first-level protection threshold, the startup power management system automatically enters the sleep state, shuts down the collection and calculation tasks of the startup power management system, and only runs the hardware protection module of the startup power management system to protect the startup power supply and its management modules and devices with relatively low power consumption. Since the startup power management system still provides discharge tasks for the load when it is dormant, it needs to be woken up regularly, collect cell parameters and calculate power. If the power reaches the second-level protection threshold, the startup power management system cuts off the power supply of the voltage regulator module, shuts down all other functional modules except running individual wake-up modules, and stops discharging. At this time, only valid wake-up signals and charging signals can restore the startup power supply to work.

[0117] In order to ensure the correct detection of the working status of the microcontroller, even when the power management system is started and enters sleep mode, the watchdog in the analog front-end wafer continues to work to ensure that the microcontroller does not enter sleep mode due to false triggering, thus preventing the microcontroller from being supervised by the watchdog.

[0118] A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, such as Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle 2000 includes: a starting power source 2001 and a starting power source management system 1000 .

[0119] The startup power management system 1000 is connected to the startup power supply 2001 .

[0120] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, the starting power is controlled by the starting power management system. When the microcontroller runs away or freezes, the power can be cut off and restarted, and a power-on reset can be performed, thereby increasing the reliability and stability of the system and improving the reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0121] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A startup power management system, characterized in that: include: A microcontroller, wherein the microcontroller includes a reset terminal; A watchdog timer, wherein the watchdog timer comprises a reset control terminal, and the watchdog timer is connected to the microcontroller via the reset control terminal and the reset terminal; The watchdog timer is used to periodically receive the clock signal of the microcontroller, and send a reset control signal when the count overflows and the clock signal of the microcontroller is still not received; The microcontroller is used for resetting in response to the reset control signal.

2. The startup power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The startup power management system further includes: a microcontroller wafer, the microcontroller being located on the microcontroller wafer; An analog front-end wafer, wherein the watchdog timer is located on the analog front-end wafer.

3. The startup power management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A voltage regulator module, wherein the input end of the voltage regulator module is connected to the startup power supply, and the output end of the voltage regulator module is respectively connected to the analog front-end wafer and the microcontroller wafer, and is used to convert the supply voltage of the startup power supply into a first voltage for powering the analog front-end wafer and a second voltage for powering the microcontroller wafer.

4. The startup power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage regulator module comprises: A first low-dropout linear regulator, wherein an input end of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the startup power supply and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the startup power supply into a startup power management system power supply voltage; A second low-dropout linear regulator, wherein an input end of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to an output end of the first low-dropout linear regulator, and an output end of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to a power supply end of the analog front-end wafer, and is used for converting the startup power management system power supply voltage into the first voltage; A third low voltage dropout linear regulator, wherein the input end of the third low voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the output end of the first low voltage dropout linear regulator, and the output end of the third low voltage dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply end of the microcontroller wafer, and is used for converting the startup power management system power supply voltage into the second voltage.

5. The startup power management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A counter, used to record the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer; A digital logic module is connected to the counter and the third low voltage dropout linear stabilizer respectively, and is used to control the third low voltage dropout linear stabilizer to cut off the output of the second voltage when the number of consecutive overflows of the watchdog timer reaches a preset number.

6. The startup power management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A high-side driving module, wherein the high-side driving module is connected to the positive terminal of the startup power supply, and a control terminal of the high-side driving module is connected to the digital logic module for controlling the charging or discharging of the startup power supply.

7. The startup power management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A charge pump is connected to the startup power supply, the high-side drive module and the digital logic module respectively, and is used to provide a drive power supply for the high-side drive module.

8. The startup power management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A collection module, which is connected to the digital logic module and is used to collect status information of the battery cells in the starting power supply.

9. The startup power management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The acquisition module includes at least one of the following: A voltage collection unit, the voltage collection unit is connected to each battery cell in the starting power supply, and is used to collect the voltage of each battery cell; A current collection unit, which is connected in series to the negative terminal of the starting power supply and is used to collect the current of the starting power supply; A temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the temperature of the startup power supply.

10. The startup power management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A hardware protection module is connected to the digital logic module and is used to perform corresponding hardware protection processing according to the status information of the battery cells in the startup power supply and / or an external trigger signal.

11. The startup power management system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hardware protection module includes: A current awakening unit, wherein the power awakening unit is used to awaken the startup power management system when a discharge current of the startup power in a sleep mode is greater than a preset discharge current.

12. The startup power management system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hardware protection module includes: A charging detection unit is used for waking up the startup power management system in response to an external wake-up signal so that the startup power management system exits the deep sleep mode.

13. The startup power management system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hardware protection module includes: An overcurrent trigger unit, the overcurrent trigger unit is used to output an overcurrent protection trigger signal when the current of the battery cell reaches an overcurrent threshold; The digital logic module is also used to send a cut-off control signal in response to the overcurrent protection trigger signal; The high-side driver module is further configured to be disconnected in response to the cut-off control signal.

14. The startup power management system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hardware protection module includes: An overvoltage trigger unit, wherein the overvoltage trigger unit is used to output an overvoltage protection trigger signal when the voltage of the battery cell reaches an overvoltage threshold, and the digital logic module is also used to perform overvoltage protection in response to the overvoltage protection trigger signal.

15. The startup power management system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hardware protection module includes: An over-temperature trigger unit, the over-temperature trigger unit is used to output an over-temperature protection trigger signal when the temperature of the startup power supply reaches an over-temperature threshold, and the digital logic module is also used to perform over-temperature protection in response to the over-temperature protection trigger signal.

16. The startup power management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes a first serial peripheral interface, and the first serial peripheral interface is connected to the digital logic module; The microcontroller wafer also includes a second serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the microcontroller. The second serial peripheral interface is also connected to the first serial peripheral interface to achieve communication between the microcontroller and the digital logic module.

17. The startup power management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A communication network signal transceiver, which is connected to the digital logic module and is used to realize signal reception and conversion between the external communication network connected to the analog front-end wafer.

18. The startup power management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analog front-end wafer also includes: A plurality of bandgap reference voltage sources are connected to the output end of the second low voltage dropout linear regulator and are used to provide reference voltages for various modules of the analog front-end wafer.

19. The startup power management system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The microcontroller is also used to obtain status information of the battery cells of the starting power supply to monitor the power level of the starting power supply, and switch the working state of the starting power supply management system according to the power level of the starting power supply.

20. The startup power management system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch from the working mode to the sleep mode when the power of the startup power drops to the first-level protection threshold, and only the hardware protection module runs in the sleep mode.

21. The startup power management system according to claim 20, characterized in that: The microcontroller is also used to control the startup power management system to switch to a deep sleep mode when the power of the startup power drops to a secondary protection threshold, in which only the charging detection unit in the hardware protection module operates.

22. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Turn on the power supply; The starting power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the starting power management system is connected to the starting power supply.

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