Hole safety device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship building safety, and discloses a hole safety device which comprises a shielding unit, a reset unit and a locking unit, the shielding unit comprises a shielding plate set and a jacking module, the jacking module is fixed in a hole, the shielding plate set is arranged on the jacking module in a turnover mode, and the reset unit comprises a reset elastic piece and a reset connecting piece. The reset elastic piece is configured to enable the baffle plate group to always keep a motion trend of a closed state, the locking unit comprises a lock catch sliding block and a locking elastic piece, and the locking elastic piece is configured to enable the lock catch sliding block to always keep a motion trend of a locked state. The baffle plate set is fixed through the jacking module, the baffle plate set is automatically restored to the closed state through the reset elastic piece, the baffle plate set and the hole are kept in the locked state under the action of the lock catch sliding block all the time when the baffle plate set is not used, and risks caused by human beings are avoided; and the shielding plate group is prevented from displacing, slipping and the like, so that the reliability and the safety are relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shipbuilding safety, and in particular to a hole safety device. Background Art

[0002] During the construction phase of a ship, there are various unsealed holes in the unfinished ship sections, such as hatches, upper and lower passageways, stairways, etc. Due to the construction sequence, these holes will have a period of unsealedness, and during this period, these holes that have been opened but not covered pose certain safety risks.

[0003] The commonly used control method at present is to cover every hole, that is, temporarily place mesh panels where there are holes. However, the temporary placement of mesh panels not only has the risk of displacement and slipping, but also there is a considerable safety hazard due to the problem of forgetting to put them back during the reciprocating process.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hole safety device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a hole safety device, which has reset and self-locking functions, is reliable in fixing and has high safety.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hole safety device is provided, the hole safety device comprising:

[0008] A shielding unit, the shielding unit comprising a shielding plate group and a top support module group, the top support module group is fixed in the hole and used to carry the shielding plate group, the shielding plate group can be flipped on the top support module group to achieve the conversion between the open state and the closed state;

[0009] A reset unit, the reset unit comprising a reset elastic member and a reset connecting member, the reset connecting member being connected to both ends and a middle section of the reset elastic member respectively, the reset connecting members at both ends of the reset elastic member being connected to the top support mold group, the reset connecting member at the middle section of the reset elastic member being connected to the shielding plate group, the reset elastic member being configured to enable the shielding plate group to always maintain a movement trend of the closed state;

[0010] A locking unit, the locking unit includes a latch slider and a locking elastic member. A chute is provided on a side of the baffle group facing away from the top support module. The latch slider is slidably disposed in the chute to achieve the conversion between the locked state and the unlocked state. One end of the locking elastic member is connected to the baffle group, and the other end is connected to the latch slider. The locking elastic member is configured to make the latch slider always maintain a movement trend of the locked state.

[0011] Optionally, the top support module includes a plurality of fixing members and a connecting pipe group. The plurality of fixing members are fixedly connected in the holes in a "pin" shape distribution. The connecting pipe group is connected between two adjacent fixing members. The baffle group is rotatably disposed on the fixing member located between the two connecting pipe groups.

[0012] Optionally, the top support module further includes a fixed shaft sleeve. The fixed shaft sleeve is connected to the fixing member located between the two connecting pipe groups. The baffle group includes a closing plate, a first shaft sleeve and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the fixed shaft sleeve. The chute is provided on the closing plate. Two spaced-apart first shaft sleeves are connected to a side of the closing plate facing away from the chute. The two first shaft sleeves are sleeved on the rotating shaft and are located on both sides of the fixed shaft sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes are provided on the closing plate.

[0014] Optionally, the hole safety device further includes a stopping unit. The stopping unit includes a stopping member, a second shaft sleeve and a T-shaped stopping pin. The stopping member includes a first abutting surface and a second abutting surface. Two spaced-apart second shaft sleeves are provided at the junction of the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface. The second shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is located on a side of the first shaft sleeve facing away from the fixed shaft sleeve. The first abutting surface always abuts against the surface of the closing plate facing the top support module and is provided with a plugging hole communicating with the through hole. When the closing plate is in the open state, the T-shaped stopping pin passes through the through hole and is inserted into the plugging hole to keep the closing plate in the open state. The second abutting surface abuts against the fixing member connected with the fixed shaft sleeve when the closing plate is in the closed state.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting pipe group includes a central pipe and connecting pipes. The two ends of the central pipe are provided with internally threaded portions with opposite helix directions. The connecting pipes are inserted at both ends of the central pipe. The connecting pipes are provided with externally threaded portions adapted to the helix directions of the corresponding internally threaded portions. The side of the connecting pipe facing away from the central pipe is connected to the fixing member.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting pipe group further includes a supporting pipe sleeve, and the supporting pipe sleeve is sleeved on the central pipe to support the baffle plate group.

[0017] Optionally, the locking unit also includes an end plate, a sliding guide rod, an unlocking rod and a sliding sleeve, the end plates are respectively connected to the two sides of the sliding groove along the sliding direction of the locking slider, the sliding guide rod is connected between the two end plates, the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the sliding guide rod, the locking slider is connected to the side of the sliding sleeve facing the hole, the unlocking rod is connected to the other side of the sliding sleeve away from the locking slider, the locking elastic member is mounted on the sliding guide rod, and is respectively connected to the sliding sleeve and the end plate.

[0018] Optionally, the shielding plate assembly further includes a handle connected to an outer surface of the closing plate facing away from the hole.

[0019] Optionally, the shielding plate group further includes an armrest, and the armrest is connected to the inner surface of the closing plate facing the hole.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The invention provides a hole safety device, by arranging a top support module in the hole, and arranging a flippable baffle plate group on the top support module, so that the hole is opened and closed by flipping the baffle plate group, and the baffle plate group is fixed by the top support module, thereby avoiding the risks of displacement, slipping and the like of the baffle plate group, and a reset elastic member connected by a reset connector is arranged between the baffle plate group and the top support module, so that the reset elastic member is used to ensure that the baffle plate group always has a movement tendency to maintain a closed state, even if the operator forgets to reset the baffle plate group when entering or exiting, the device can also use the reset elastic member to automatically restore the baffle plate group to a closed state, thereby avoiding the risks caused by human factors. In addition, a locking slider controlled by a locking elastic member is arranged on the baffle plate group, so that when the device is not used, the baffle plate group is always kept in a locked state with the hole under the action of the locking slider. Therefore, the hole safety device not only has the reset and self-locking functions, but also has reliable fixation and high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front structural view of the hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a back structural view of the hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shielding plate group in a hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top support module in the hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a reset unit in a hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural exploded view of the locking unit in the hole safety device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stop unit in the hole safety device provided by the present invention.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Shielding unit; 11. Shielding plate group; 111. Closing plate; 1111. Slide groove; 1112. Through hole; 1113. Round tube; 112. First sleeve; 113. Rotating shaft; 114. Connecting pin; 115. Handle; 116. Handrail; 12. Top support module; 121. Fixing piece; 122. Connecting pipe group; 1221. Center pipe; 1222. Connecting pipe; 1223. Supporting pipe sleeve; 1224. Closing circular ring piece; 123. Connecting bolt; 124. Fixed sleeve;

[0031] 2. Reset unit; 21. Reset elastic member; 22. Reset connecting member;

[0032] 3. Locking unit; 31. Locking slider; 311. Connecting part; 312. Locking part; 32. Locking elastic member; 33. End plate; 34. Sliding guide rod; 35. Unlocking rod; 36. Sliding sleeve;

[0033] 4. Stop unit; 41. Stop piece; 42. Second bushing; 43. T-type stop pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0038] During the construction phase of a ship, there are various unsealed holes in the unfinished ship sections, such as hatches, upper and lower passageways, stairways, etc. Due to the construction sequence, these holes will have a period of unsealedness, and during this period, these holes that have been opened but not covered pose certain safety risks.

[0039] The commonly used control method at present is to cover every hole, that is, temporarily place mesh panels where there are holes. However, the temporary placement of mesh panels not only has the risk of displacement and slipping, but also there is still a considerable safety hazard due to the problem of forgetting to put them back during the reciprocating entry and exit process.

[0040] Therefore, in order to reduce usage risks and safety hazards, this embodiment provides a hole safety device.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the hole safety device includes a shielding unit 1, a reset unit 2 and a locking unit 3. The shielding unit 1 includes a shielding plate group 11 and a top support module 12. The top support module 12 is fixed in the hole and is used to carry the shielding plate group 11. The shielding plate group 11 can be flipped on the top support module 12 to achieve the conversion between the open state and the closed state. The reset unit 2 includes a reset elastic member 21 and a reset connecting member 22. The reset connecting member 22 is respectively connected to the two ends and the middle section of the reset elastic member 21. The reset connecting members 22 located at the two ends of the reset elastic member 21 are connected to the top support module 12. The reset elastic member 21 is located at the reset elastic member 21. The reset connecting member 22 in the middle section is connected to the baffle plate group 11, and the reset elastic member 21 is configured to keep the baffle plate group 11 in a closed state at all times. The locking unit 3 includes a locking slider 31 and a locking elastic member 32. A slide groove 1111 is provided on the side of the baffle plate group 11 away from the top support module 12. The locking slider 31 can be slidably arranged in the slide groove 1111 to realize the conversion between the locked state and the unlocked state. One end of the locking elastic member 32 is connected to the baffle plate group 11, and the other end is connected to the locking slider 31. The locking elastic member 32 is configured to keep the locking slider 31 in a locked state at all times.

[0042] By arranging a top support module 12 in the hole, and arranging a flippable shielding plate group 11 on the top support module 12, the hole is opened and closed by flipping the shielding plate group 11, and the shielding plate group 11 is fixed by the top support module 12, thereby avoiding the risk of displacement, slipping, etc. of the shielding plate group 11, and a reset elastic member 21 connected by a reset connector 22 is arranged between the shielding plate group 11 and the top support module 12, so that the reset elastic member 21 is used to ensure that the shielding plate group 11 always has a movement tendency to maintain a closed state Even if the operator forgets to reset the shielding plate group 11 when entering or exiting, the device can also use the reset elastic member 21 to automatically restore the shielding plate group 11 to a closed state, avoiding the risks caused by human factors. In addition, by setting a lock slider 31 controlled by a locking elastic member 32 on the shielding plate group 11, when the device is not used, the shielding plate group 11 is always locked with the hole under the action of the lock slider 31. Therefore, the hole safety device not only has the reset and self-locking functions, but also has reliable fixation and high safety. In this embodiment, the reset elastic member 21 is a spring, the reset connector 22 is a hollow ring, and the reset connector 22 is welded to the top support plate group and the shielding plate group 11.

[0043] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the top support module 12 includes a plurality of fixing members 121 and a connecting pipe group 122. The plurality of fixing members 121 are arranged in a "pin" shape and fixedly connected in the hole. A connecting pipe group 122 is connected between two adjacent fixing members 121. The shielding plate group 11 is flippably arranged on the fixing member 121 located between the two connecting pipe groups 122. By distributing the plurality of fixing members 121 in a "pin" shape and fixedly connected in the hole, and connecting the connecting pipe group 122 is connected between two adjacent fixing members 121, a triangular layout with high stability is formed, ensuring that the top support module 12 has a high structural strength and stability after the top support module 12 is connected, and avoiding the risk of slippage and displacement.

[0044] In this embodiment, the top support module 12 also includes a connecting bolt 123, which is connected to the structural member in the hole by passing through the fixing member 121, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the top support module 12 and improving the convenience of use. In order to facilitate subsequent connection and consider the manufacturing cost, the fixing member 121 is made of angle steel and is provided with a through hole for the connecting bolt 123 to pass through.

[0045] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the top support mold group 12 also includes a fixed sleeve 124, which is connected to a fixing member 121 located between two connecting tube groups 122. The shielding plate group 11 includes a closing plate 111, a first sleeve 112 and a rotating shaft 113. The rotating shaft 113 is rotatably inserted in the fixed sleeve 124. A slide groove 1111 is opened on the closing plate 111. Two first sleeves 112 are spaced apart from each other on one side of the closing plate 111 away from the slide groove 1111. The two first sleeves 112 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 113 and are located on both sides of the fixed sleeve 124.

[0046] By rotatably inserting the rotating shaft 113 into the fixed shaft sleeve 124, the first shaft sleeve 112 connected to the closing plate 111 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 113, thereby realizing the flipping function of the closing plate 111, and because the two first shaft sleeves 112 connected to the closing plate 111 are located on both sides of the fixed shaft sleeve 124, the fixed shaft sleeve 124 also has a limiting function, thereby preventing the closing plate 111 from axially displacing along the rotating shaft 113.

[0047] Alternatively, if Figure 3As shown, a plurality of evenly distributed through holes 1112 are provided on the closing plate 111. By providing a plurality of evenly distributed through holes 1112 on the closing plate 111, the holes can be sealed by the closing plate 111, and the smooth flow of air in the holes can be ensured through the through holes 1112. In this embodiment, in order to increase the structural reliability of the closing plate 111 when sealing the holes, round tubes 1113 are welded around the closing plate 111 as the surrounding edge of the closing plate 111.

[0048] Alternatively, if Figure 2 , Figure 7 As shown, the hole safety device also includes a stop unit 4, which includes a stop member 41, a second sleeve 42 and a T-shaped stop pin 43. The stop member 41 includes a first abutting surface and a second abutting surface. Two second sleeves 42 are spaced apart at the junction of the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface. The second sleeve 42 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 113 and is located on the side of the first sleeve 112 away from the fixed sleeve 124. The first abutting surface always abuts against the surface of the closing plate 111 facing the top support module 12, and is provided with a plug-in hole connected to the through hole 1112. When the closing plate 111 is in an open state, the T-shaped stop pin 43 passes through the through hole 1112 and is inserted into the plug-in hole to keep the closing plate 111 in an open state. The second abutting surface abuts against the fixing member 121 connected with the fixed sleeve 124 when the closing plate 111 is in a closed state.

[0049] Since the hole safety device is provided with a reset elastic member 21 for resetting the closing plate 111, when the closing plate 111 is in an open state, if it is to be kept in the open state, the operator is required to always hold the closing plate 111. Therefore, by providing a stop unit 4 composed of a stop member 41, a second sleeve 42 and a T-shaped stop pin 43, when the closing plate 111 needs to be kept in the open state, the T-shaped stop pin 43 is inserted into the plug-in hole of the stop member 41 through the through hole 1112 on the closing plate 111, and the other end of the T-shaped stop pin 43 is clamped on the external structure, so that the closing plate 111 can be kept in the open state, thereby facilitating the operation.

[0050] In this embodiment, the shielding plate assembly 11 further includes a connecting pin 114, and the rotating shaft 113 and the second sleeve 42 are connected by the connecting pin 114. The stopper 41 is a quarter cylinder, and the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface are two planes of the stopper 41 connected to the arc surface.

[0051] Alternatively, if Figure 4As shown, the connecting pipe group 122 includes a central pipe 1221 and a connecting pipe 1222. The two ends of the central pipe 1221 are provided with internal threads with opposite rotation directions. The two ends of the central pipe 1221 are both inserted with connecting pipes 1222. The connecting pipe 1222 is provided with external threads that match the rotation direction of the corresponding internal threads. The side of the connecting pipe 1222 that is away from the central pipe 1221 is connected to the fixing member 121. By providing internal threads with opposite rotation directions at the two ends of the central pipe 1221 and providing matching external threads on the connecting pipe 1222, the connecting pipes 1222 at both ends can be extended or shortened by screwing the central pipe 1221, thereby adjusting the spacing between the fixing members 121 to adapt to holes of different sizes, thereby expanding the scope of application of the hole safety device. In this embodiment, the connecting pipe 1222 is welded to the fixing member 121.

[0052] Alternatively, if Figure 4 As shown, the connecting pipe group 122 also includes a supporting pipe sleeve 1223, which is sleeved on the central pipe 1221 to support the shielding plate group 11. By providing the supporting pipe sleeve 1223, the outer diameter of the central pipe 1221 is increased, so that on the one hand, it is convenient to support the closing plate 111, and on the other hand, the central pipe 1221 is screwed through the supporting pipe sleeve 1223.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connecting tube group 122 also includes a closed annular piece 1224, which is arranged at both ends of the supporting tube sleeve 1223 to close the gap between the supporting tube sleeve 1223 and the central tube 1221 to prevent external humid air from entering between the supporting tube sleeve 1223 and the central tube 1221 and causing corrosion.

[0054] Alternatively, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the locking unit 3 further includes an end plate 33, a sliding guide rod 34, an unlocking rod 35 and a sliding sleeve 36. The two sides of the slide groove 1111 along the sliding direction of the lock slider 31 are respectively connected with the end plates 33, the sliding guide rod 34 is connected between the two end plates 33, the sliding sleeve 36 is slidably sleeved on the sliding guide rod 34, the lock slider 31 is connected to the side of the sliding sleeve 36 facing the hole, the unlocking rod 35 is connected to the other side of the sliding sleeve 36 away from the lock slider 31, and the locking elastic member 32 is sleeved on the sliding guide rod 34 and is respectively connected to the sliding sleeve 36 and the end plate 33. By connecting the unlocking rod 35 and the lock slider 31 to the two sides of the sliding sleeve 36, it is convenient for the operator to use the unlocking rod 35 to control the sliding sleeve 36 to drive the lock slider 31 to slide on the sliding guide rod 34, thereby realizing the locking and unlocking between the closing plate 111 and the hole, ensuring that the closing plate 111 and the hole are locked in a closed state when not in use, and preventing the closing plate 111 from opening due to unexpected factors.

[0055] In this embodiment, the sliding guide rod 34 is a rectangular rod, the sliding sleeve 36 is a hollow rectangular square tube, wherein the unlocking rod 35 and the lock slider 31 are welded to the sliding sleeve 36. In order to realize the locking function of the lock slider 31, the lock slider 31 includes a connecting portion 311 and a locking portion 312, wherein the locking portion 312 is a right triangle, the connecting portion 311 is connected to one of the right angles of the locking portion 312, and the hypotenuse of the locking portion 312 faces the hole side, wherein the locking elastic member 32 is a spring.

[0056] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the shielding plate assembly 11 further includes a handle 115, which is connected to the outer surface of the closing plate 111 away from the hole. By providing the handle 115 on the outer surface of the closing plate 111 away from the hole, it is convenient for the operator to lift the closing plate 111 outside the hole. In this embodiment, the handle 115 is made of bent steel pipe and welded to the side of the closing plate 111 where the locking unit 3 is provided, so that the closing plate 111 is lifted while unlocking, making the operation more convenient.

[0057] Alternatively, if Figure 2 As shown, the shielding plate group 11 also includes a handrail 116, and the handrail 116 is connected to the inner surface of the closing plate 111 facing the hole. By providing the handrail 116 on the inner surface of the closing plate 111 facing the hole, it is convenient for the operator to hold the closing plate 111 inside the hole. In this embodiment, the handrail 116 is made of bent steel pipe, and the number of the handrails 116 can be freely set according to needs. In this embodiment, four handrails 116 are provided on the closing plate 111, and two are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the closing plate 111.

[0058] When installing the hole safety device, firstly, according to the size of the hole, the support sleeve 1223 is screwed so that the connecting pipes 1222 connected to both sides of the central pipe 1221 drive the fixing member 121 to move. After the adjustment is completed, the fixing member 121 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hole with bolts.

[0059] After the installation is completed, the closing plate 111 is in a closed state. When the closing plate 111 needs to be opened to enter and exit the hole, the unlocking rod 35 is first pulled to move in the direction of the supporting module 12 to compress the locking elastic member 32, so that the sliding sleeve 36 connected to the unlocking rod 35 drives the locking slider 31 to slide along the sliding guide rod 34 until the locking slider 31 is separated from the upper wall of the hole. Then, the unlocking rod 35 is kept in the current position, and the operator pulls the handle 115 with the other hand to open the closing plate 111. At this time, the reset elastic member 21 is in a stretched state, and the locking elastic member 32 is restored. If the closing plate 111 is to be kept open, the stop pin is inserted into the plug-in hole of the stop member 41 through the through hole 1112 on the closing plate 111, and the other end of the stop pin is clamped to the outside Structurally, the closing plate 111 is fixed, and then the operator can enter the hole to perform the operation. After the operation is completed, the operator leaves the hole, holds the handle 115 with one hand, and removes the stop pin with the other hand. At this time, since the reset elastic member 21 is in a stretched state after opening, the closing plate 111 is flipped from the open state to the closed state under the action of the elastic force of the reset elastic member 21 itself. At this time, the beveled edge on the locking portion 312 of the lock slider 31 contacts the inner edge of the hole. Under the action of gravity, the locking portion 312 moves in the direction of compressing the locking elastic member 32 until the locking portion 312 completely enters the inside of the hole. The compressed locking elastic member 32 drives the lock slider 31 to reset under the action of its own elastic force, thereby locking the closing plate 111 and the hole.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Hole safety device, characterized in that: The hole safety device comprises: A shielding unit (1), the shielding unit (1) comprising a shielding plate group (11) and a top support mold group (12), the top support mold group (12) being fixed in the hole and used to carry the shielding plate group (11), the shielding plate group (11) being flippably arranged on the top support mold group (12) to achieve conversion between an open state and a closed state; A reset unit (2), the reset unit (2) comprising a reset elastic member (21) and a reset connecting member (22), the reset connecting member (22) being respectively connected to both ends and a middle section of the reset elastic member (21), the reset connecting members (22) located at both ends of the reset elastic member (21) being connected to the top support mold group (12), the reset connecting member (22) located in the middle section of the reset elastic member (21) being connected to the shielding plate group (11), the reset elastic member (21) being configured to enable the shielding plate group (11) to always maintain the movement trend of the closed state; A locking unit (3), the locking unit (3) comprising a locking slider (31) and a locking elastic member (32); a sliding groove (1111) is provided on the side of the shielding plate group (11) away from the top support mold group (12); the locking slider (31) can be slidably arranged in the sliding groove (1111) to achieve the conversion between the locked state and the unlocked state; one end of the locking elastic member (32) is connected to the shielding plate group (11), and the other end is connected to the locking slider (31); the locking elastic member (32) is configured to enable the locking slider (31) to always maintain the movement trend of the locked state.

2. The hole safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top support mold assembly (12) comprises a plurality of fixing members (121) and a connecting pipe assembly (122); the plurality of fixing members (121) are distributed in a "pin" shape and fixedly connected in the hole; the connecting pipe assembly (122) is connected between two adjacent fixing members (121); and the shielding plate assembly (11) is flippably arranged on the fixing member (121) located between the two connecting pipe assemblies (122).

3. The hole safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top support mold group (12) also includes a fixed shaft sleeve (124), and the fixed shaft sleeve (124) is connected to the fixing member (121) located between the two connecting pipe groups (122). The shielding plate group (11) includes a closing plate (111), a first shaft sleeve (112) and a rotating shaft (113), and the rotating shaft (113) is rotatably inserted in the fixed shaft sleeve (124). The sliding groove (1111) is opened on the closing plate (111), and two first shaft sleeves (112) arranged at intervals are connected to the side of the closing plate (111) away from the sliding groove (1111), and the two first shaft sleeves (112) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (113) and are located on both sides of the fixed shaft sleeve (124).

4. The hole safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The closing plate (111) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes (1112).

5. The hole safety device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hole safety device further comprises a stop unit (4), the stop unit (4) comprising a stop piece (41), a second shaft sleeve (42) and a T-shaped stop pin (43), the stop piece (41) comprising a first abutting surface and a second abutting surface, two second shaft sleeves (42) arranged at intervals are provided at the junction of the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface, the second shaft sleeve (42) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (113) and is located on a side of the first shaft sleeve (112) away from the fixed shaft sleeve (124), and the first abutting surface always abuts against the fixed shaft sleeve (124). The second abutment surface is connected to the surface of the closing plate (111) facing the supporting mold assembly (12) and is provided with a plug-in hole connected to the through hole (1112); when the closing plate (111) is in the open state, the T-shaped stop pin (43) passes through the through hole (1112) and is inserted into the plug-in hole to keep the closing plate (111) in the open state; and the second abutment surface abuts against the fixing member (121) connected to the fixing sleeve (124) when the closing plate (111) is in the closed state.

6. The hole safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting pipe group (122) comprises a central pipe (1221) and a connecting pipe (1222), wherein both ends of the central pipe (1221) are provided with internal threads with opposite rotation directions, the connecting pipe (1222) is inserted into both ends of the central pipe (1221), and the connecting pipe (1222) is provided with an external thread matching the rotation direction of the corresponding internal thread, and the side of the connecting pipe (1222) facing away from the central pipe (1221) is connected to the fixing member (121).

7. The hole safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting pipe group (122) further comprises a supporting pipe sleeve (1223), wherein the supporting pipe sleeve (1223) is sleeved on the central pipe (1221) and is used to support the shielding plate group (11).

8. The hole safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking unit (3) further comprises an end plate (33), a sliding guide rod (34), an unlocking rod (35) and a sliding sleeve (36); the sliding groove (1111) is respectively connected to the end plates (33) on both sides along the sliding direction of the locking slider (31); the sliding guide rod (34) is connected between the two end plates (33); the sliding sleeve (36) is slidably mounted on the sliding guide rod (34); the locking slider (31) is connected to a side of the sliding sleeve (36) facing the hole; the unlocking rod (35) is connected to the other side of the sliding sleeve (36) facing away from the locking slider (31); the locking elastic member (32) is mounted on the sliding guide rod (34) and is respectively connected to the sliding sleeve (36) and the end plate (33).

9. The hole safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shielding plate set (11) further comprises a handle (115), wherein the handle (115) is connected to the outer surface of the closing plate (111) facing away from the hole.

10. The hole safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shielding plate group (11) further comprises an armrest (116), wherein the armrest (116) is connected to the inner surface of the closing plate (111) facing the hole.

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