Mechanical depth-keeping composite anchor

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical depth-keeping composite anchor, which belongs to the technical field of underwater weapons, and comprises an anchor cylinder, a depth-keeping rope group and a gravity hammer, the depth-keeping cable group comprises a frame, and a limiting assembly and a breakable device which are arranged on the frame; the frame is arranged in the anchor cylinder, the lower end is connected with the anchor cylinder through an anchor chain, and the upper end is connected with a load through a separator; the breakable device is connected with the limiting assembly through a rope C; the gravity hammer is positioned between the mounting plate and a tail cover at the bottom of the anchor cylinder and is connected with the breakable device through a cable B; the tail cover is connected with the mounting plate through a pin puller; and the pin puller is connected with the frame through a rope B. The mooring depth of the load depends on the total length of the cable B, and it can be guaranteed that the mooring depth of the load is kept consistent in water areas with different depths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater weapons, and in particular relates to a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor. Background Art

[0002] There are two types of underwater loads using anchor systems: one is split type and the other is integral type. The split type anchor and load are connected only by a cable system, presenting a linear structure, and need to be deployed in sequence (similar to the structure of deep-sea anchor buoys). The integral type anchor and load are connected by a cable system and are also connected as a whole by a hydraulic rod. When deployed, the anchor and load are deployed as a whole. When the anchor and the carrier enter the water, the hydraulic switch of the hydraulic rod is triggered, and the claw hook and the rod body of the hydraulic rod are separated, so that the load and the anchor are quickly separated underwater; after the separation, the cable system connecting the anchor and the load is unfolded.

[0003] Within a certain depth range of waters, the mooring depth of the load (i.e., the vertical distance of the load from the water surface after deployment) must remain consistent. In the above two structural forms, the mooring depth of the load depends on the length of the anchor system and the depth of the waters where the deployment point is located (i.e., the vertical distance from the water surface to the bottom of the water). That is, when the depth of the waters changes, the deployment length of the cable system between the anchor and the load changes, which causes the total length of the anchor system to change, and then causes the mooring depth of the load to change. Therefore, neither of the above two structural forms can guarantee that the mooring depth of the load remains consistent. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor, in which the mooring depth of the load depends on the total length of the rope B, thereby ensuring that the mooring depth of the load remains consistent in waters of different depths.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mechanical fixed depth composite anchor, comprising: an anchor barrel, a fixed depth cable set and a gravity hammer;

[0007] The depth-fixing rope assembly comprises: a frame and a limit assembly and a breakable device arranged on the frame;

[0008] The frame is set in the anchor barrel, the lower end is connected to the anchor barrel through the anchor chain, and the upper end is connected to the load through a separator; when the load floats up and the frame sinks, the separator breaks;

[0009] A cable A is provided between the frame and the load, and cable A is released after the separation member breaks;

[0010] The breakable device is connected to the limit assembly via rope C; rope C is loosened, triggering the limit assembly to limit rope A to release;

[0011] The gravity hammer is located between the mounting plate and the tail cover at the bottom of the anchor barrel, and is connected to the breakable device through the rope B. After the rope B is released, the breakable device is triggered to break, the gravity hammer touches the bottom, and the rope C relaxes. The sinking speed of the gravity hammer in the water is greater than that of the anchor barrel.

[0012] The tail cover is connected to the mounting plate through a pin puller;

[0013] The pin puller is connected to the frame through rope B; when the frame floats up, the pin puller is triggered to separate, the gravity hammer sinks, and rope B is released.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed depth cable assembly further comprises: a rotating shaft and a cable drum a;

[0015] The rotating shaft is inserted into and fixed on the side wall of the frame;

[0016] The cable drum a is located in the frame and is sleeved outside the rotating shaft; the cable drum a can rotate around the rotating shaft;

[0017] One end of the cable A is wound around the outer circumference of the shaft, and the other end is connected to the tail of the load.

[0018] Furthermore, a limiting hole is provided on the side wall of the frame;

[0019] One end of the cable drum a faces the side wall where the limiting hole is located, and the end surface of the end is provided with more than four stop blocks evenly spaced along the circumference thereof;

[0020] The limiting assembly comprises: a tension spring and a stopper;

[0021] The stopper has a stopper tongue and a connecting portion;

[0022] The lower end of the blocking tongue is hinged below the frame limiting hole;

[0023] The connecting part is provided with an upper hole and a lower hole, the upper hole of the connecting part is connected to the outer wall of the frame through a tension spring, and the lower hole of the connecting part is connected to the breakable device through a rope C;

[0024] When rope C is taut, the tension spring stretches and the tongue of the stop block is located outside the limiting hole; when rope C is loose, the tension spring contracts, the tongue rotates and inserts into the limiting hole, and when the stop block of cable drum a rests on the tongue, cable drum a is restricted from rotating around the rotating shaft.

[0025] Further, the breakable device comprises: an upper pin shaft and a lower pin shaft;

[0026] The upper pin shaft is arranged on the outer side wall of the anchor cylinder; the lower end surface of the upper pin shaft is provided with a threaded hole;

[0027] The upper end surface of the lower pin shaft is provided with a boss; the boss is processed with an external thread, which is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the upper pin shaft; the boss is processed with a notch along its circumference, and when the lower pin shaft is subjected to a downward external force, the notch of the boss breaks, and the upper pin shaft is separated from the lower pin shaft;

[0028] The lower pin is connected to the limit assembly via a rope C;

[0029] One end of the cable B is connected to the lower pin shaft, and the other end is connected to the gravity hammer.

[0030] Furthermore, the fixed depth cable group further comprises: a cable guide cylinder and two connecting rods;

[0031] The lower end of the guide rope cylinder is connected to the upper end of the frame through two connecting rods; the two connecting rods are arranged opposite to each other;

[0032] The upper end of the guide rope cylinder is connected to the tail of the load through a separation piece;

[0033] One end of the cable A is arranged in the frame, and the other end passes through the cable guide cylinder and is connected to the tail of the load.

[0034] Furthermore, the connecting rod is a telescopic rod;

[0035] One end of each connecting rod is hinged to the guide rope cylinder, and the other end is hinged to the frame.

[0036] Furthermore, the pin puller comprises: a pin puller, an upper pin puller cylinder, a compression spring, a baffle, a lower pin puller cylinder and a plurality of balls;

[0037] The lower end of the lower pin puller is fixedly connected to the tail cover, and the upper end surface of the lower pin puller is provided with a coaxial blind hole, and the outer periphery of the blind hole is provided with an annular groove b;

[0038] A plurality of the balls are placed on the annular groove b to form an annular structure;

[0039] The upper pin pulling cylinder is provided with a stepped through hole coaxial therewith; the location of the small diameter section through hole in the stepped through hole is the upper end of the upper pin pulling cylinder, and the location of the large diameter section through hole is the lower end of the upper pin pulling cylinder; the upper pin pulling cylinder is fixedly connected; an annular groove a is provided on the lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder; the structure of the lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder matches the structure of the upper end surface of the lower pin pulling cylinder, and the annular groove b and the annular groove a are relatively formed together to form a ball mounting groove;

[0040] The pull pin is sleeved in the stepped through hole of the upper pull pin cylinder; the lower end of the pull pin is inserted into the center of the annular structure to press the ball into the ball installation groove; the upper end of the pull pin is connected to the outer wall of the frame through a rope B;

[0041] The baffle is located in the large diameter section of the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder, and is coaxially sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the pull pin; the compression spring is coaxially sleeved outside the pull pin, the upper end of the compression spring is connected to the surface where the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder is located, and the lower end is connected to the upper end surface of the baffle.

[0042] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the lower pin pulling cylinder is provided with a semicircular boss b; the annular groove b is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss b on the side of the semicircular boss b;

[0043] The lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder is provided with a semicircular boss a; the annular groove a is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss a on the side of the semicircular boss a.

[0044] Furthermore, the fixed depth composite anchor further comprises: two or more hydraulic rods;

[0045] The anchor cylinder is connected to the outer side wall of the load through more than two hydraulic rods.

[0046] Beneficial effects:

[0047] (1) A mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention comprises: an anchor barrel, a fixed-depth locking group and a gravity hammer; the fixed-depth locking group comprises: a frame and a limit assembly and a breakable device arranged on the frame; when the frame floats up with the load, it can trigger the pin puller to separate, so that the gravity hammer sinks and the rope B starts to be released; the upper end of the frame is connected to the load through a separation piece, and the rope A is released after the separation piece breaks; the gravity hammer is connected to the breakable device through the rope B, so that the breakable device can be broken by the gravity hammer after the rope B is released, triggering the limit assembly; the limit assembly limits Rope A is released, thereby ensuring that the distance between the load and the frame remains consistent after the gravity hammer touches the bottom; the sinking speed of the gravity hammer in the water is greater than the sinking speed of the anchor barrel in the water, thereby ensuring that the gravity hammer and the anchor barrel can become a whole and sink synchronously from the time when rope B is released to the time when the gravity hammer touches the bottom; thereafter, the anchor barrel drives the load to sink, and the moving distance of the anchor barrel from the time when the gravity hammer touches the bottom to the time when the anchor barrel touches the bottom is the mooring depth of the load, that is, the mooring depth only depends on the total length of rope B, and the mooring depth of the load can be ensured to remain consistent even at different water depths.

[0048] (2) A mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention, when the rope C is taut, the tension spring stretches, and the tongue of the stop block is located outside the limiting hole; when the rope C is slack, the tension spring contracts, and the tongue rotates and inserts into the limiting hole, and the stop block abuts against the setting to limit the rotation of the rope drum a around the rotating shaft, so that the rope A can be quickly stopped from being released after the gravity hammer touches the bottom, thereby reducing the error of the mooring depth.

[0049] (3) In a mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention, the lower pin shaft of the breakable device is connected to the limit assembly through the rope C, and is connected to the gravity hammer through the rope B; after the rope B is released, the pulse force of the gravity hammer can pull the lower pin shaft downward, so that the lower pin shaft is separated from the upper pin shaft; after the lower pin shaft is separated from the upper pin shaft, the originally taut rope C can be relaxed, thereby timely triggering the limit device to limit the release of rope A.

[0050] (4) In a mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention, the other end of the cable A passes through a cable guide tube and is connected to the tail of the load. The cable guide tube can guide the cable A, reduce the wear of the cable A, and maintain uniform tension of the cable A.

[0051] (5) In a mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention, the connecting rod is a telescopic rod, and one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the guide rope tube, and the other end is hinged to the frame. The distance between the guide rope tube and the frame can be adjusted to reduce the overall height of the fixed-depth rope group, thereby reducing the space occupied by the fixed-depth rope group in the anchor tube.

[0052] (6) A mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention, the upper pin pulling cylinder of the pin pulling device is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the lower pin pulling cylinder is fixedly connected to the tail cover, the upper pin pulling cylinder and the lower pin pulling cylinder are connected by the cooperation between the pin and the ball, before the upper pin pulling device and the lower pin pulling device are released from connection, they can form a stable support for the tail cover, and when the frame floats up and the pin is pulled upward, the connection can be quickly released, and the gravity hammer can be quickly released.

[0053] (7) A mechanical fixed-depth composite anchor of the present invention has a semicircular boss b on the upper end face of the lower pin barrel, and an annular groove b is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss b on the side of the semicircular boss b; a semicircular boss a is provided on the lower end face of the upper pin barrel, and an annular groove a is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss a on the side of the semicircular boss a; the semicircular boss a of the upper pin barrel presses the ball in the area downward onto the annular groove b of the lower pin barrel 30, and the semicircular boss b on the upper end face of the lower pin barrel presses the ball upward onto the annular groove a of the upper pin barrel 26, which can improve the connection strength between the upper pin barrel and the lower pin barrel and can provide stable support for the tail cover.

[0054] (8) In the mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention, the anchor barrel is connected to the outer wall of the load by two or more hydraulic rods, so that the anchor barrel and the load form a whole, which is convenient for transportation and deployment; at the same time, when the load connected to the composite anchor enters the water, it can be quickly separated through the hydraulic rods, which can speed up the deployment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2It is a partial enlarged view of a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a depth-fixing cable group in a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a depth-fixing cable group in a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a limiting component in a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a breakable device in a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mechanical pin puller in a fixed depth composite anchor of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the deployment of a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor of the present invention;

[0064] Among them, 1-anchor barrel, 2-anchor chain, 3-fixed depth rope group, 4-mounting plate, 5-pin puller, 6-tail cover, 7-fixed depth hammer group, 8-rope A, 9-rope B, 10-connecting screws, 11-frame, 12-guide rope barrel, 13-mounting support, 14-breakable device, 15-rope C, 16-pin, 17-connecting rod, 18-stop block, 19-rotating shaft, 20-cable barrel a, 21-tension spring, 22-block, 221-block tongue, 222-connecting part, 23-upper pin shaft, 24-lower pin shaft, 241-boss, 25-pin puller, 26-upper pin puller barrel, 27-compression spring, 28-block plate, 29-ball, 30-lower pin puller barrel, 31-load, 32-hydraulic rod, 33-separator, 34-cable A, 35-cable B, 36-gravity hammer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0066] This embodiment provides a mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an anchor barrel 1, a depth-fixing rope group 3, a mounting plate 4, a tail cover 6, a depth-fixing hammer group 7, a rope A8, a rope B35, two or more hydraulic rods 32, a plurality of anchor chains 2, two or more pin pullers 5, two or more ropes B9, a plurality of connecting screws 10 and a plurality of safety screws.

[0067] The upper end of the anchor cylinder 1 (i.e. located at Figure 1 Two or more mounting bosses are arranged on the inner wall surface of the anchor tube 1 (the end portion on the left side in the middle). The two or more mounting bosses are evenly distributed along the circumference of the anchor tube 1.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, each mounting boss is provided with a hydraulic rod 32. The hydraulic rod 32 comprises a claw hook and a rod body. The claw hook of the hydraulic rod 32 is connected to the outer wall of the load 31, and the rod body is connected to the mounting boss. The claw hook and the rod body are connected through a hydraulic switch. When the hydraulic rod 32 is subjected to a certain water pressure, the hydraulic switch is turned on, the claw hook is separated from the rod body, and the load 31 is separated from the anchor cylinder 1.

[0069] The mounting plate 4 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the lower end of the anchor tube 1. Figure 2 As shown, the mounting plate 4 is provided with two or more grooves a at even intervals along its circumference, and each groove a is provided with a through hole a.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, before the composite anchor is deployed, the depth-fixing cable group 3 is connected to the mounting plate 4 via a safety screw. When the composite anchor needs to be deployed, the safety screw is removed.

[0071] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixed depth rope group 3 includes: a frame 11, a guide rope drum 12, a breakable device 14, a rope C15, a pin 16, a limit assembly, a rotating shaft 19, a rope drum a20, two mounting supports 13 and two connecting rods 17.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of the frame 11 is connected to the mounting boss through a plurality of anchor chains 2, and the anchor chains 2 correspond to the mounting bosses one by one. A through hole is provided on a side wall of the frame 11 as a limiting hole.

[0073] The guide cable cylinder 12 is used to protect the cable A34 and guide it. Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the guide rope cylinder 12 is connected to the upper end of the frame 11 through two connecting rods 17, and the two connecting rods 17 are arranged opposite to each other. Figure 8 As shown, the upper end of the guide rope cylinder 12 is connected to the tail of the load 31 through a separation piece 33. In this embodiment, the separation piece 33 is preferably a breakable screw.

[0074] As an example, the connecting rod 17 is a telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the guide rope cylinder 12, and the other end of which is hinged to the upper end of the frame 11. The distance between the guide rope cylinder 12 and the frame 11 can be adjusted by the telescopic property of the telescopic rod and the hinge at both ends of the telescopic rod, thereby reducing the overall height of the fixed depth rope group 3 and reducing the space occupied by the fixed depth rope group 3 in the anchor cylinder 1.

[0075] The rotating shaft 19 is inserted into the frame 11 and fixed on the side wall of the frame 11 .

[0076] The cable drum a20 is located in the frame 11 and is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 19. The cable drum a20 can rotate around the rotating shaft 19. One end of the cable drum a20 faces the side wall where the upper limit hole of the frame 11 is located, and the end surface of the end is provided with more than four stop blocks 18 evenly spaced along the circumferential direction.

[0077] One end of the cable A34 is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the cable drum a20 , and the other end passes through the upper end surface of the frame 11 and the cable guide drum 12 in sequence to be connected to the tail of the load 31 .

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, two mounting brackets 13 are arranged on the side wall where the limiting hole of the frame 11 is located. One of the mounting brackets 13 is located above the limiting hole, and the mounting bracket 13 is called bracket a, and the other mounting bracket 13 is called bracket b; wherein bracket a is used to install the limiting component, and bracket b is used to install the breakable device 14.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the breakable device 14 includes: an upper pin shaft 23 and a lower pin shaft 24. The upper pin shaft 23 is arranged on the support b; the lower end surface of the upper pin shaft 23 is provided with a threaded hole. The upper end surface of the lower pin shaft 24 is provided with a boss 241. The boss 241 is processed with an external thread, which is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the upper pin shaft 23. The boss 241 is processed with a notch along its circumference. When the lower pin shaft 24 is subjected to a downward external force, the boss 241 breaks at the notch, and the upper pin shaft 23 is separated from the lower pin shaft 24. As shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, one end of the rope A8 is connected to the lower pin 24.

[0080] The limiting assembly is arranged on the outer side wall of the frame 11 and is used to limit the release of the cable A34 ; the limiting assembly includes: a tension spring 21 and a stopper 22 .

[0081] like Figure 5As shown, the stopper 22 is formed integrally by a stopper tongue 221 on the left side (i.e., the side close to the frame 11) and a connecting portion 222 on the right side (i.e., the side away from the frame 11). The lower end of the stopper tongue 221 is hinged to the lower side of the limit hole of the frame 11 through a latch 16. The connecting portion 222 of the stopper 22 is processed with two through holes arranged up and down, namely an upper hole and a lower hole. The upper hole of the connecting portion 222 is connected to the support a through a tension spring 21, and the lower hole is connected to the lower end of the lower pin shaft 24 through a rope C15. When the rope C15 is in a taut state, the tension spring 21 is stretched, the tongue 221 of the stop block 22 is located outside the limiting hole, the cable drum a20 rotates normally, and the rope A34 is released normally; when the rope C15 is in a relaxed state, the tension spring 21 contracts, the tongue 221 rotates around the pin and is inserted into the limiting hole, and when the stop block 18 on the cable drum a20 abuts against the tongue 221 of the stop block 22, the cable drum a20 is restricted from rotating around the rotating shaft 19, and the rope A34 stops releasing.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the tail cover 6 is arranged at the lower end of the anchor tube 1, and a plurality of grooves b are processed on the tail cover 6, and the grooves b correspond to the grooves a one-to-one.

[0083] The tail cover 6 is supported on the mounting plate 4 by a plurality of pin pullers 5. Figure 2 As shown, the pin puller 5 corresponds to the groove a one-to-one. Figure 7 As shown, each of the pin pullers 5 comprises: a pin puller 25 , an upper pin puller cylinder 26 , a compression spring 27 , a baffle 28 , a lower pin puller cylinder 30 and a plurality of balls 29 .

[0084] The lower end of the lower pin puller 30 is connected to the groove b of the tail cover 6 by a connecting screw 10. A semicircular boss b is provided on one side of the upper end surface of the lower pin puller 30, a coaxial blind hole is provided at the center of the upper end surface, an annular groove b is provided on the outer periphery of the blind hole, and the annular groove b is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss b on the side of the semicircular boss b.

[0085] A plurality of the balls 29 are placed on the annular groove b to form an annular structure.

[0086] The upper pin puller 26 is provided with a coaxial stepped through hole. The small diameter through hole in the stepped through hole is the upper end of the upper pin puller 26, and the large diameter through hole is the lower end of the upper pin puller 26. The upper end of the upper pin puller 26 is fixedly connected to the through hole a of the mounting plate 4.

[0087] The lower end face of the upper pin puller 26 is provided with an annular groove a. A semicircular boss A is provided on the opposite side of the lower end face of the upper pin puller and the boss b, and the annular groove a is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss a on the side of the semicircular boss a. The lower end face of the upper pin puller 26 matches the structure of the upper end face of the lower pin puller 30, and the annular groove b and the annular groove a relatively form a ball mounting groove. The semicircular boss a of the upper pin puller 26 presses the ball 29 of the area downward onto the annular groove b of the lower pin puller 30, and the semicircular boss b on the upper end face of the lower pin puller 30 presses the ball 29 upward onto the annular groove a of the upper pin puller 26.

[0088] The pin 25 is inserted into the stepped through hole of the pin puller 26. The lower end of the pin 25 is inserted into the small diameter section and the large diameter section of the stepped through hole of the upper pin puller 26 in sequence, and is inserted into the center of the annular structure formed by a plurality of balls 29 and then positioned in the blind hole of the lower pin puller 30. The pin 25 presses the balls 29 tightly into the ball installation groove. The upper end of the pin 25 is connected to the outer wall of the frame 11 through a rope B9.

[0089] The baffle 28 is located in the large diameter section of the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder 26, and is coaxially mounted and fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the pin pulling cylinder 25. The compression spring 27 is coaxially mounted outside the pin pulling cylinder 25, and the upper end of the compression spring 27 is connected to the surface where the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder 26 is located, and the lower end is connected to the upper end surface of the baffle 28.

[0090] The depth-fixing hammer group 7 is arranged between the mounting plate 4 and the tail cover 6 .

[0091] The depth-fixing hammer group 7 includes: a gravity hammer 36, a cable drum b and a cable B35.

[0092] The cable drum b is arranged on the gravity hammer 36, one end of the cable B35 is wound on the cable drum b, and the other end passes through the mounting plate 4 and is fixedly connected to the other end of the rope A8. The length of the cable B35 is set according to the depth range of the water area of ​​the load 31 and the mooring depth of the load 31 as required.

[0093] The sinking speed of the gravity hammer 36 in water is greater than the sinking speed of the anchor barrel 1 in water. As an example, the sinking speed is adjusted by adjusting the linear shape of the gravity hammer 36, that is, adjusting the linear shape of the gravity hammer 36, reducing the resistance of the gravity hammer 36 in water, and then increasing the sinking speed of the gravity hammer 36 in water.

[0094] Working principle:

[0095] The load 31 connected with the composite anchor is put into the water. When the composite anchor and the load 31 reach a certain water depth, the water pressure at the water depth triggers the water pressure switch of the hydraulic rod 32, the claw hook of the hydraulic rod 32 separates from the rod body, and the load 31 is quickly separated from the anchor barrel 1 of the composite anchor.

[0096] After being separated from the anchor barrel 1, the load 31 of 1 floats up with the depth-fixing cable group 3 under the action of positive buoyancy. However, the composite anchor (parts other than the depth-fixing cable group 3) continues to sink under the action of negative buoyancy.

[0097] As the depth-fixing cable group 3 floats up, the pin 25 is pulled out of the ball 29 (part of the ball 29 falls into the blind hole in the lower pin-picking cylinder 30), and the upper pin-picking cylinder 26 is separated from the lower pin-picking cylinder 30. After the upper pin-picking cylinder 26 and the lower pin-picking cylinder 30 are separated, the tail cover 6 is opened under the gravity of the depth-fixing hammer group 7, and the depth-fixing hammer group 7 begins to sink (that is, the gravity hammer 36 sinks, and the rope B35 of the gravity hammer 36 is released).

[0098] As the depth-fixing cable group 3 continues to float upward, the pin 25 is pulled upward. When the baffle 28 abuts against the upper end of the upper pin-pulling cylinder 26, the rope B9 is disconnected by the upward pulling force applied by the depth-fixing lock group 3. After the rope B9 is disconnected, the depth-fixing cable group 3 continues to float until the anchor chain 2 is tightened. The depth-fixing lock group 3 sinks with the gravity hammer 36 and the anchor cylinder 1, and the separator 33 is disconnected. The depth-fixing cable group 3 is connected to the load 31 only through the rope A34. The rope A34 in the depth-fixing cable group 3 begins to be released as the load 31 floats upward and the depth-fixing lock group 3 sinks.

[0099] The load 31 continues to float up to the water surface, while the gravity hammer 36 and the anchor barrel 1 continue to sink (at this time, the gravity hammer 36 and the anchor barrel 1 sink asynchronously). Since the sinking speed of the gravity hammer 36 is greater than the sinking speed of the anchor barrel 1, the rope B35 can be continuously released during the sinking process until it is completely released.

[0100] Furthermore, at the moment when the rope B35 in the depth-fixing hammer group 7 is fully released (the gravity hammer 36 has not yet touched the bottom), under the impact of the downward impulse force formed by the gravity hammer 36, the boss A on the lower pin shaft 24 is disconnected, and the upper pin shaft 23 is separated from the lower pin shaft 24, forming Fig. 9 In the state, the gravity hammer 36 and the anchor barrel 1 sink synchronously (the composite anchor sinks as a whole). When the gravity hammer 36 touches the bottom of the water, the rope C15 begins to relax, the block 22 rotates around the pin under the contraction of the tension spring 21, and the tongue of the block 22 presses on two adjacent stop blocks 18, the rope barrel a20 stops rotating, and the rope A34 stops releasing the rope.

[0101] At this time, the anchor cylinder 1 drives the load 31 to sink until the anchor cylinder 1 touches the bottom, completing the mooring of the load 31. Since the distance moved from the moment when the anchor cylinder 1 drives the load 31 to the moment when the anchor cylinder 1 touches the bottom is equal to the length of the cable B35 (the ratio of the height of the anchor cylinder 1 to the total length of the cable B35 is very small and can be ignored in calculation and analysis), the mooring depth of the load 31 is the length of the cable B35.

[0102] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical depth-fixed composite anchor, characterized in that: include: Anchor barrel (1), depth-fixing cable set (3) and gravity hammer (36); The depth-fixing rope assembly (3) comprises: a frame (11) and a position-limiting assembly and a breakable device (14) arranged on the frame (11); The frame (11) is arranged in the anchor barrel (1), the lower end of which is connected to the anchor barrel (1) via an anchor chain (2), and the upper end of which is connected to the load (31) via a separator (33); when the load (31) floats upward and the frame (11) sinks, the separator (33) breaks; A cable A (34) is provided between the frame (11) and the load (31), and the cable A (34) is released after the separation member (33) breaks; The breakable device (14) is connected to the limit assembly via a rope C (15); the rope C (15) is loosened, triggering the limit assembly to release the limit rope A (34); The gravity hammer (36) is located between the mounting plate (4) and the tail cover (6) at the bottom of the anchor barrel (1), and is connected to the breakable device through the rope B (35); after the rope B (35) is released, the breakable device (14) is triggered to break, the gravity hammer (36) touches the bottom, and the rope C (15) is relaxed; the sinking speed of the gravity hammer (36) in the water is greater than that of the anchor barrel (1); The tail cover (6) is connected to the mounting plate (4) via a pin puller (5); The pin puller (5) is connected to the frame (11) via a rope B (9); when the frame (11) floats up, the pin puller (5) is triggered to separate, the gravity hammer (36) sinks, and the rope B (35) is released.

2. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed depth cable assembly (3) further comprises: a rotating shaft (19) and a cable drum a (20); The rotating shaft (9) is inserted into and fixed on the side wall of the frame (11); The cable drum a (20) is located in the frame (11) and is sleeved outside the rotating shaft (9); the cable drum a (20) is capable of rotating around the rotating shaft (19); One end of the cable A (34) is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (9), and the other end is connected to the tail of the load (31).

3. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the frame (11) is provided with a limiting hole; One end of the cable drum a (20) faces the side wall where the limiting hole is located, and the end surface of the end is provided with more than four stop blocks (18) evenly spaced along the circumference thereof; The limiting assembly comprises: a tension spring (21) and a stopper (22); The stopper (22) comprises a stopper tongue (221) and a connecting portion (222); The lower end of the blocking tongue (221) is hinged below the limiting hole of the frame (11); The connecting portion (222) is provided with an upper hole and a lower hole, the upper hole of the connecting portion (222) is connected to the outer wall of the frame (11) via a tension spring (21), and the lower hole of the connecting portion (222) is connected to the breakable device (14) via a rope C (15); When the rope C (15) is taut, the tension spring (21) is stretched, and the blocking tongue (221) of the blocking block (22) is located outside the limiting hole; when the rope C (15) is relaxed, the tension spring (21) is contracted, and the blocking tongue (221) is rotated and inserted into the limiting hole, and when the stop block (18) of the cable drum a (20) abuts against the blocking tongue (221), the cable drum a (20) is restricted from rotating around the rotating shaft (19).

4. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The breakable device (14) comprises: an upper pin shaft (23) and a lower pin shaft (24); The upper pin shaft (23) is arranged on the outer side wall of the anchor cylinder (1); a threaded hole is arranged on the lower end surface of the upper pin shaft (23); The upper end surface of the lower pin shaft (24) is provided with a boss (241); the boss (241) is processed with an external thread, which is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the upper pin shaft (23); the boss (241) is processed with a notch along its circumference, and when the lower pin shaft (24) is subjected to a downward external force, the boss (241) is broken at the notch, and the upper pin shaft (23) is separated from the lower pin shaft (24); The lower pin shaft (24) is connected to the limiting assembly via a rope C (15); One end of the cable B (35) is connected to the lower pin shaft (24), and the other end is connected to the gravity hammer (36).

5. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The depth-fixing cable assembly (3) further comprises: a cable guide cylinder (12) and two connecting rods (17); The lower end of the guide rope cylinder (12) is connected to the upper end of the frame (11) through two connecting rods (17); the two connecting rods (17) are arranged opposite to each other; The upper end of the guide rope cylinder (12) is connected to the tail of the load (31) through a separating piece (33); One end of the cable A (34) is arranged in the frame (11), and the other end passes through the cable guide cylinder (12) and is connected to the tail of the load (31).

6. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod (17) is a telescopic rod; One end of each connecting rod (17) is hinged to the guide rope cylinder (12), and the other end is hinged to the frame (11).

7. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pin puller (5) comprises: a pin puller (25), an upper pin puller cylinder (26), a compression spring (27), a baffle (28), a lower pin puller cylinder (30) and a plurality of balls (29); The lower end of the lower pin pulling cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the tail cover (6), and the upper end surface of the lower pin pulling cylinder (30) is provided with a coaxial blind hole, and the outer periphery of the blind hole is provided with an annular groove b; A plurality of the balls (29) are placed on the annular groove b to form an annular structure; The upper pin pulling cylinder (26) is provided with a stepped through hole coaxial therewith; the location of the small diameter section through hole in the stepped through hole is the upper end of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26), and the location of the large diameter section through hole is the lower end of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26); the upper end of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26 (DE) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (4); an annular groove a is provided on the lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26); the structure of the lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26) matches that of the upper end surface of the lower pin pulling cylinder (30), and the annular groove b and the annular groove a are relatively formed together to form a ball mounting groove; The pull pin (25) is inserted into the stepped through hole of the upper pull pin cylinder (26); the lower end of the pull pin (25) is inserted into the center of the annular structure to press the ball (29) into the ball installation groove; the upper end of the pull pin (25) is connected to the outer wall surface of the frame (11) through a rope B (9); The baffle (28) is located in the large diameter section of the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26), and is coaxially sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the pin pulling cylinder (25); the compression spring (27) is coaxially sleeved outside the pin pulling cylinder (25), the upper end of the compression spring (27) is connected to the surface where the stepped through hole of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26) is located, and the lower end is connected to the upper end surface of the baffle (28).

8. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the lower pin pulling cylinder (30) is provided with a semicircular boss b; the annular groove b is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss b on the side of the semicircular boss b; The lower end surface of the upper pin pulling cylinder (26) is provided with a semicircular boss a; the annular groove a is located on the inner surface of the semicircular boss a at the side of the semicircular boss a.

9. A mechanical depth-fixing composite anchor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Two or more hydraulic rods (32); The anchor cylinder (1) is connected to the outer side wall of the load (31) via two or more hydraulic rods (32).

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