Disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicinal materials and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, and particularly relates to a disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicinal materials and a preparation method. The pest and disease resistant microbial fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of a traditional Chinese medicinal material extract, 70-100 parts of a composite carrier, 2-4 parts of composite microbial flora, 5-10 parts of potassium fulvate, 5-10 parts of sodium humate, 5-10 parts of polyglutamic acid and 15-25 parts of water, the pest and disease resistant microbial fertilizer provided by the invention not only has high viable count, but also has good stability, and can inhibit powdery mildew, downy mildew and aphids of cucumbers at the same time, so that the cucumbers have high acre yield, soluble total sugar content and soluble solid content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, and in particular relates to a disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pest and disease control is an important part of ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products. It can reduce crop losses and improve yield and quality. Traditional pest and disease control relies on chemical pesticides. Although they can quickly suppress the frequent occurrence of pests and diseases in a short period of time, they are easy to enhance the resistance of pests, and chemical pesticides often have residual toxicity, which poses certain safety risks.

[0003] Microbial fertilizers have the advantages of being environmentally friendly, efficient, safe and in line with the development needs of green agriculture. They can not only improve soil, increase soil fertility, promote crop growth, but also reduce diseases and pests. Therefore, they have broad application prospects in agricultural production.

[0004] Many Chinese medicinal materials have bactericidal and insecticidal effects, and more and more research has been conducted in the field of crops. For example, Qu Hongyao et al. published "The Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Fertilizer on Soil Characteristics and Diseases in Golden Silk Chrysanthemum Fields" in the Shandong Forestry Science and Technology Journal. They used field test methods to study the effects of Chinese herbal compound fertilizers with different proportions of Stemona, Sophora flavescens, Mentha, Perilla frutescens and Artemisia annua on the soil characteristics of Golden Silk Chrysanthemum fields. The results showed that the application of Chinese herbal compound fertilizers can increase soil organic matter and soil nutrients, regulate soil microbial flora, and is a feasible method to prevent and control continuous cropping obstacles and produce high-quality Golden Silk Chrysanthemum.

[0005] Xie Tianpeng and others published "The Effect of Chinese Medicinal Fertilizer Enhancers on Potato Yield and Quality in Gansu" in the Journal of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology. The results showed that the application of Chinese medicinal fertilizer enhancers combined with 80% conventional fertilizers can maintain the soil nutrient level of the original fertilization plan, reduce soil alkalinity, reduce the number of potato rot and reducing sugar content, improve quality, and increase the yield of Ji Zhang Potato No. 12 by 17.88%.

[0006] However, the Chinese medicinal compound fertilizers in the above technical solutions all need to be compounded with conventional fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine and a preparation method thereof.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The first aspect of the present invention provides a disease and insect pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 15-25 parts of Chinese medicinal material extract, 70-100 parts of composite carrier, 2-4 parts of composite microorganisms, 5-10 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 5-10 parts of sodium humate, 5-10 parts of polyglutamic acid, and 15-25 parts of water; The Chinese medicinal material extract is obtained by extracting the Chinese medicinal material through steam distillation; The Chinese medicinal materials are a mixture of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root; the mass ratio of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root is (1-3): (2-5): (5-6): (4-5): (1-2): (3-6).

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of Phellodendron amurense, Rhubarb, Cnidium monnieri, Nepeta tenuifolia, Forsythia suspensa and Radix Isatidis is 2:3:5.5:4.5:1.5:5.

[0010] The active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine extracts are complex and diverse, and different extraction methods produce different active ingredients in the extracts. The inventors unexpectedly discovered during the experiment that when the Chinese herbal medicine extracts are obtained by steam distillation of Chinese herbal medicines, the type of Chinese herbal medicines not only affects the pest and disease situation of cucumbers, but also affects the soluble total sugar and soluble solids content of cucumbers. Only when the Chinese herbal medicines are a mixture of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root; and the mass ratio of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root is (1-3): (2-5): (5-6): (4-5): (1-2): (3-6), the obtained pest and disease resistant microbial fertilizer can simultaneously inhibit powdery mildew, downy mildew and aphids of cucumbers, and at the same time, the soluble total sugar is >1.5% and the soluble solids is >4.5%.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the Chinese medicinal material extract is: crush the Chinese medicinal material, soak it in 2-3 times the amount of water for 0.5-2h, and then extract it by steam distillation for 4-10h to obtain volatile oil, distillate and Chinese medicinal material residues, wherein the volatile oil and distillate are the Chinese medicinal material extract, and the Chinese medicinal material residues are modified Chinese medicinal material residues after enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0012] Preferably, the composite carrier is a mixture of modified Chinese medicinal material residues and modified corn sugar residues, and the mass ratio of the two is (1-3): (1-3), preferably 1:1.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified Chinese medicinal material residues is specifically as follows: drying the Chinese medicinal material residues, crushing them into powder, adding them into a mixed enzyme solution for reaction, and filtering them after the reaction is completed to obtain the modified Chinese medicinal material residues.

[0014] Preferably, the mixed enzyme solution is a mixture of pectinase, xylanase and water.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of pectinase, xylanase and water is (1-2): (1-1.5): (80-100).

[0016] In order to avoid the waste of Chinese medicinal material residues, the inventors reused them as carriers of composite microorganisms. However, it was found that the initial viable count and stability of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer obtained by directly using the Chinese medicinal material residues were poor. To solve the above problems, the inventors creatively used a mixed enzyme solution composed of pectinase, xylanase and water to enzymolyze the Chinese medicinal material residues, which not only increased the initial viable count of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer, but also improved the storage stability. It is speculated that this is because the porous structure formed by the Chinese medicinal material residues after enzymolysis provides more attachment points for microorganisms, thereby promoting the colonization of microorganisms on the Chinese medicinal material residues; on the other hand, the use of steam distillation extraction cannot extract the macromolecular polysaccharides in the Chinese medicinal materials, resulting in residual macromolecular polysaccharides in the Chinese medicinal material residues. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the macromolecular polysaccharides can be degraded into smaller molecules, which are more easily used by microorganisms as carbon sources and energy sources, thereby promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and forming a stable microbial community.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the Chinese medicinal material residues to the mixed enzyme solution is 1:(25-30).

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified Chinese medicinal material residue is specifically as follows: drying the Chinese medicinal material residue, crushing it into powder, adding it to a mixed enzyme solution, adjusting the pH value to 3.8-4.2 with citric acid, reacting at 45-50°C for 20-24h, filtering after the reaction, and obtaining the modified Chinese medicinal material residue.

[0019] Preferably, the modified corn residue is prepared by dispersing corn residue in water and adding glutamine transaminase to carry out a cross-linking reaction.

[0020] Preferably, the mass concentration of the corn sugar residue in water is 5-10%.

[0021] Preferably, the ratio of the transglutaminase to corn syrup is 50-200 U: 3-5 g.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature of the cross-linking reaction is 35-40° C., and the time of the cross-linking reaction is 3-8 h.

[0023] The inventors found that although the initial number of viable bacteria of the obtained disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer using only modified Chinese medicinal material residues as a carrier is high, the stability is poor, and the survival rate of viable bacteria after storage for 12 months is less than 70%. In order to solve this technical problem, the inventors creatively prepared modified corn sugar residues, which not only made the survival rate of viable bacteria of the disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer higher than 80% after 12 months, but also further improved the per-acre yield, soluble total sugar and soluble solids of cucumber. It is speculated that this is because the corn sugar residues are cross-linked intramolecularly or intermolecularly through glutamine transaminase to form a spatial network structure, which is helpful to improve the attachment of composite microorganisms. The stable physical structure is conducive to maintaining the activity of composite microorganisms. At the same time, the modified corn sugar residues, modified Chinese medicinal material residues and Spirulina maxima work together to enable cucumber plants to obtain more sufficient nutrient supply, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and increase per-acre yield, soluble total sugar and soluble solids.

[0024] Preferably, the composite microorganism is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima.

[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima is (1-2):(1.5-2.5):(1.5-2.5):(2.5-3.5):(0.5-1):(2-4):(0.5-1), preferably 1.8:2:2.2:3:0.8:3:0.7.

[0026] Preferably, Bacillus subtilis is purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g; Bacillus jelly is purchased from Wuhan Heyuan Green Biology Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 10 billion CFU / g; Bacillus licheniformis is purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g; Bacillus polymyxa is purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 10 billion CFU / g; Trichoderma harzianum is purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g; and Penicillium lilacinum is purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0027] The inventors unexpectedly discovered during the experiment that when the composite microorganism is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima, it can work together with the Chinese medicinal material extract, not only promoting the conversion of nutrient absorption by cucumbers, but also having an excellent inhibitory effect on diseases and insect pests during the growth of cucumbers, thereby increasing the per-acre yield, soluble total sugar and soluble solids of cucumbers.

[0028] Preferably, the pests and diseases include cucumber powdery mildew, cucumber downy mildew and aphids.

[0029] Optionally, the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine may also include trace elements, rare earth elements and amino acid raw powder.

[0030] Optionally, the trace element is selected from at least one of calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum.

[0031] Optionally, the added amount of the trace elements is 2-5wt% of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer.

[0032] Optionally, the added amount of the rare earth element is 1-3wt% of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer.

[0033] Optionally, the rare earth element is selected from at least one of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, europium and samarium.

[0034] Optionally, the amino acid is added in an amount of 1-3wt% of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer.

[0035] Optionally, the amino acid is selected from at least one of glycine, threonine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine.

[0036] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine, comprising the following steps: mixing the composite carrier and water evenly, sterilizing, adding the composite microorganisms for fermentation, and after the fermentation, adding the traditional Chinese medicine extract, potassium humate, sodium humate and polyglutamic acid and mixing evenly to obtain the disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer.

[0037] Preferably, the sterilization method is sterilization at 120-130°C for 20-30 minutes.

[0038] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 30-40°C, and the fermentation time is 1-2 days.

[0039] Optionally, the preparation method of the above-mentioned disease- and pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following steps: mixing the composite carrier and water evenly, sterilizing, adding the composite microorganisms for fermentation, and after the fermentation, adding the traditional Chinese medicine extract, potassium humate, sodium humate, polyglutamic acid, trace elements, rare earth elements and amino acids and mixing evenly to obtain the disease- and pest-resistant microbial fertilizer.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the medicinal material of the present invention is a mixture of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root; and the mass ratio of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root is (1-3): (2-5): (5-6): (4-5): (1-2): (3-6), the obtained disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer can simultaneously inhibit powdery mildew, downy mildew and aphids of cucumber, and the soluble total sugar is greater than 1.5%, and the soluble solids is greater than 4.5%.

[0041] 2. The present invention creatively uses a mixed enzyme solution composed of pectinase, xylanase and water to enzymolyze the residues of Chinese medicinal materials, which not only increases the initial viable bacteria count of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer, but also improves the storage stability.

[0042] 3. The present invention creatively prepares modified corn sugar residue, which not only makes the survival rate of living bacteria of the pest-resistant microbial fertilizer higher than 80% after 12 months, but also further improves the per-acre yield, soluble total sugar and soluble solids of cucumber.

[0043] 4. When the composite microorganism of the present invention is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima, it can work together with the Chinese medicinal material extract, not only promoting the conversion of nutrient absorption by cucumbers, but also having an excellent inhibitory effect on diseases and insect pests during the growth of cucumbers, thereby increasing the per-acre yield, soluble total sugar and soluble solids of cucumbers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, a specific implementation scheme is now described in detail.

[0045] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to the different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not indicated are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0046] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used were commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0047] Embodiment 1: A disease and insect pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine, wherein the raw materials are composed of 15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 70 parts of composite carrier, 2 parts of composite microorganisms, 5 parts of potassium humate, 5 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of polyglutamic acid, and 15 parts of water, by weight; The preparation method of the Chinese medicinal material extract is as follows: crush the Chinese medicinal material, soak it in 2 times the amount of water for 1 hour, and then extract it by steam distillation for 8 hours to obtain volatile oil, distillate and Chinese medicinal material residues, wherein the volatile oil and distillate are the Chinese medicinal material extract, and the Chinese medicinal material residues are modified Chinese medicinal material residues after enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0048] The Chinese medicinal materials are a mixture of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root; the mass ratio of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root is 2:3:5.5:4.5:1.5:5.

[0049] The composite carrier is a mixture of modified Chinese medicinal material residues and modified corn sugar residues, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1.

[0050] The preparation method of the modified Chinese medicinal material residue is specifically as follows: drying the Chinese medicinal material residue, crushing it into powder, adding it into a mixed enzyme solution, adjusting the pH value to 4 with citric acid, reacting at 45° C. for 24 hours, filtering after the reaction is completed, and obtaining the modified Chinese medicinal material residue.

[0051] The mixed enzyme solution is prepared by mixing pectinase, xylanase and water.

[0052] The mass ratio of the pectinase, xylanase and water is 1.5:1.2:90.

[0053] Pectinase was purchased from Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: Pectinase Y-23.

[0054] Xylanase was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: S23566.

[0055] The mass ratio of the Chinese medicinal material residues to the mixed enzyme solution is 1:28.

[0056] The modified corn slag is prepared by dispersing corn slag in water and adding glutamine transaminase to carry out a cross-linking reaction.

[0057] Corn sugar residue was purchased from Shandong Fenghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0058] The mass concentration of the corn sugar residue in water is 8%.

[0059] The ratio of the glutamine aminotransferase to corn syrup is 100 U:4 g.

[0060] Glutamine transaminase was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number: S10156.

[0061] The temperature of the cross-linking reaction is 38° C., and the time of the cross-linking reaction is 5 hours.

[0062] The composite microorganism is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima.

[0063] The mass ratio of the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima is 1.8:2:2.2:3:0.8:3:0.7.

[0064] Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0065] The jelly-like Bacillus was purchased from Wuhan Heyuan Green Biological Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 10 billion CFU / g.

[0066] Bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0067] Paenibacillus polymyxa was purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 10 billion CFU / g.

[0068] Trichoderma harzianum was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0069] Paecilomyces lilacinus was purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with a live bacterial content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0070] Spirulina maxima was purchased from Wuhan Wanrong Technology Development Co., Ltd.

[0071] The preparation method of the above-mentioned disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine is as follows: the composite carrier and water are mixed evenly, sterilized, composite microorganisms are added for fermentation, and after the fermentation, the traditional Chinese medicine extract, potassium humate, sodium humate and polyglutamic acid are added and mixed evenly to obtain the disease- and insect-resistant microbial fertilizer.

[0072] The sterilization method is sterilization at 122° C. for 25 minutes.

[0073] The fermentation temperature is 35°C and the fermentation time is 1.5 days.

[0074] Embodiment 2: The difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the raw materials consist of 25 parts of Chinese medicinal material extract, 100 parts of composite carrier, 4 parts of composite microorganisms, 10 parts of potassium humate, 10 parts of sodium humate, 10 parts of polyglutamic acid, and 25 parts of water; the rest are the same.

[0075] The preparation method of the above-mentioned disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine is the same as that in Example 1.

[0076] Embodiment 3: The difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the raw materials consist of 20 parts of Chinese medicinal material extract, 90 parts of composite carrier, 3 parts of composite microorganisms, 8 parts of potassium humate, 8 parts of sodium humate, 8 parts of polyglutamic acid, and 20 parts of water; the rest are the same.

[0077] The preparation method of the above-mentioned disease and pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine is the same as that in Example 1.

[0078] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 3 is that the Chinese medicinal materials are a mixture of coptis chinensis, phellodendron chinense, stemonae, forsythiae, chrysanthemum and isatis root; the mass ratio of coptis chinensis, phellodendron chinense, stemonae, forsythiae, chrysanthemum and isatis root is 11:10:6:8:5:6; the rest are the same.

[0079] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 3 is that the Chinese medicinal materials are a mixture of Phellodendron chinense, Honeysuckle, Scutellaria baicalensis, Tripterygium wilfordii, Forsythia suspensa and Radix Isatidis; the mass ratio of Phellodendron chinense, Honeysuckle, Scutellaria baicalensis, Tripterygium wilfordii, Forsythia suspensa and Radix Isatidis is 2:3:5.5:4.5:1.5:5; the rest are the same.

[0080] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 3 is that the mass ratio of Phellodendron chinense, Rhubarb, Cnidium monnieri, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Forsythia suspensa and Radix Isatidis is 4:2:7:7:0.5:1; the rest are the same.

[0081] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 3 is that the modified Chinese medicinal material residues are replaced with Chinese medicinal material residues of equal mass; the rest are the same.

[0082] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 3 is that corn sugar residue is replaced by sugarcane bagasse of equal mass purchased from Guangxi Yuante Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; the rest are the same.

[0083] Comparative Example 6 The only difference from Example 3 is that the modified corn sugar residue is replaced with modified Chinese medicinal material residue of the same mass, and the rest is the same.

[0084] Comparative Example 7 The difference from Example 3 is that the Paecilomyces lilacinus is replaced by Beauveria bassiana of equal mass, purchased from Guangzhou True Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g; the rest are the same.

[0085] Comparative Example 8 The difference from Example 3 is that Bacillus polymyxa was replaced with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens of equal mass, purchased from Liaoning Huaxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 10 billion CFU / g; the rest are the same.

[0086] Comparative Example 9 The difference from Example 3 is that the giant Spirulina is replaced with the same quality of Meicui Norwegian seaweed extract; the rest is the same.

[0087] Test Example 1 The pest-resistant microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9 were stored at 37°C and 40%RH, and the number of effective viable bacteria was detected: 5 g of the pest-resistant microbial fertilizer was weighed and added to 45 mL of sterile water, vortexed for 4 min, and after fully mixing, 100 μL was pipetted and added to 900 μL of sterile water, and a dilution of 10 was selected. -5 The samples were coated and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The colonies were counted and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1 Test results of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9

[0089] As can be seen from Table 1, the pest and disease resistant microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3 have a high initial viable bacterial count, and the viable bacterial survival rate after 12 months of storage is higher than 85%; The survival rate of live bacteria of the anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizers of Comparative Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 7-8 after 12 months of storage was higher than 80% and lower than 85%; In Comparative Example 4, since the modified Chinese medicinal material residues were replaced with Chinese medicinal material residues of the same mass, and in Comparative Example 5, since the corn sugar residues were replaced with sugarcane residues of the same mass, the obtained pest and disease resistant microbial fertilizers not only had a low initial viable bacterial count, but also had a viable bacterial survival rate of less than 70% after 12 months of storage; In Comparative Example 6, since the modified corn sugar residue was replaced with modified Chinese medicinal material residue of the same quality, the survival rate of live bacteria in the obtained anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer after 12 months of storage was less than 70%; In Comparative Example 9, since the Spirulina maxima was replaced with Norwegian seaweed extract of equal quality, the initial number of viable bacteria in the obtained anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer was reduced, and the survival rate of the viable bacteria after 12 months of storage was less than 80%.

[0090] Test Example 2 A cucumber planting experiment was carried out in a greenhouse: the cucumber variety was Jinchun No. 4, and 8 groups were set up in the experiment. The disease-resistant and insect-infested microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and Comparative Examples 7-8 were applied respectively, and the application amount was 1 kg / mu. The incidence and yield of cucumbers were recorded during the growth period, and the soluble total sugar and soluble solids content of cucumbers were tested. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0091] Table 2 Test results of anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 7-8

[0092] As can be seen from Table 2, the pest-resistant microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3 make the powdery mildew incidence of cucumber lower than 3%, the downy mildew incidence lower than 1.5%, the aphid incidence lower than 1%, the yield per mu higher than 5000 kg, the soluble total sugar content higher than 1.5%, and the soluble solids higher than 4.5%; Comparative Examples 1-3: Since the types of Chinese medicinal materials and the ratios between the Chinese medicinal materials are not within the preferred range, the prepared anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizers cause the powdery mildew incidence of cucumber to be higher than 8%, the downy mildew incidence to be higher than 7%, the aphid incidence to be higher than 5%, the yield per mu to be lower than 5000 kg, the soluble total sugar content to be lower than 1.2%, and the soluble solids to be lower than 3%; Since the types of composite microorganisms in Comparative Examples 7 and 8 are not within the preferred range, the disease- and pest-resistant microbial fertilizers prepared result in a powdery mildew incidence of cucumber higher than 9%, a downy mildew incidence higher than 8%, an aphid incidence higher than 8%, an per-acre yield lower than 5000 kg, a soluble total sugar content lower than 1.1%, and a soluble solids content lower than 3%.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 15-25 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 70-100 parts of composite carrier, 2-4 parts of composite microorganisms, 5-10 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 5-10 parts of sodium humate, 5-10 parts of polyglutamic acid, and 15-25 parts of water; The Chinese medicinal material extract is obtained by extracting the Chinese medicinal material through steam distillation; The Chinese medicinal materials are a mixture of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root; the mass ratio of phellodendron, rhubarb, cnidium monnieri, schizonepeta, forsythia and isatis root is (1-3): (2-5): (5-6): (4-5): (1-2): (3-6).

2. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Chinese medicinal material extract is as follows: crush the Chinese medicinal material, soak it in 2-3 times the amount of water for 0.5-2h, and then extract it by steam distillation for 4-10h to obtain volatile oil, distillate and Chinese medicinal material residue, wherein the volatile oil and distillate are the Chinese medicinal material extract.

3. The anti-disease and insect pest microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite carrier is a mixture of modified Chinese medicinal material residues and modified corn sugar residues, and the mass ratio of the two is (1-3): (1-3).

4. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified Chinese medicinal material residue is specifically as follows: drying the Chinese medicinal material residue, crushing it into powder, adding it into a mixed enzyme solution for reaction, filtering it after the reaction is completed, and obtaining the modified Chinese medicinal material residue.

5. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixed enzyme solution is prepared by mixing pectinase, xylanase and water; the mass ratio of the pectinase, xylanase and water is (1-2): (1-1.5): (80-100).

6. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modified corn slag is prepared by dispersing corn slag in water and adding glutamine transaminase to carry out a cross-linking reaction.

7. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite microorganism is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima.

8. The pest-resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Spirulina maxima is (1-2): (1.5-2.5): (1.5-2.5): (2.5-3.5): (0.5-1): (2-4): (0.5-1).

9. The method for preparing the disease and insect pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing the composite carrier and water evenly, sterilizing, adding composite microorganisms for fermentation, and after the fermentation, adding Chinese medicinal material extract, potassium humate, sodium humate and polyglutamic acid and mixing evenly to obtain disease and insect pest resistant microbial fertilizer.

10. The method for preparing the disease and insect pest resistant microbial fertilizer based on Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature is 30-40°C, and the fermentation time is 1-2 days.

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